CN105401909A - Expanding packer and setting method thereof - Google Patents
Expanding packer and setting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105401909A CN105401909A CN201410415431.4A CN201410415431A CN105401909A CN 105401909 A CN105401909 A CN 105401909A CN 201410415431 A CN201410415431 A CN 201410415431A CN 105401909 A CN105401909 A CN 105401909A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an expansion packer and a setting method thereof, belonging to the technical field of oil exploitation. An expandable packer, comprising: the upper joint, the upper balancing hydraulic cylinder, the expanding rubber cylinder, the lower balancing hydraulic cylinder and the lower joint are sequentially sleeved outside the central pipe from top to bottom, the upper joint, the expanding rubber cylinder and the lower joint are respectively and fixedly connected with the central pipe, the upper joint is fixedly connected with the upper balancing hydraulic cylinder, and the upper balancing hydraulic cylinder and the lower balancing hydraulic cylinder are respectively and movably connected with the central pipe; the upper balance hydraulic cylinder comprises an upper cylinder sleeve and an upper cylinder group, and the upper cylinder sleeve is fixedly connected with the upper joint; the lower balancing hydraulic cylinder comprises a lower rubber cylinder group and a lower cylinder sleeve; liquid inlet holes are respectively arranged on the sleeving surfaces of the central tube and the upper balance hydraulic cylinder, the expanding rubber cylinder and the lower balance hydraulic cylinder, and the liquid inlet holes penetrate through the tube wall of the central tube. The hydraulic fracturing packer can solve the problem that the packer is easy to lose seal in the hydraulic fracturing process to cause economic loss, and achieves the effect of avoiding economic loss. The packer is used for setting the packer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of petroleum extraction, particularly a kind of inflatable packer and set method.
Background technology
In oil exploitation process, hydraulic fracturing technology transformation oil and gas reservoir is adopted to refer to: manufacture of intraocular crack on oil and gas reservoir to be rebuilt, liquid is injected man-made fracture continuously, producing pressure by waterpower makes this man-made fracture become larger, the solid particle of high strength is carried again by liquid, and this solid particle is filled to man-made fracture, after construction terminates, arrange counter for liquid, solid particle is stayed in crack, improved oil and gas reservoir is formed the man-made fracture of preset area, produce the gas channel of high negotiability, and expand the seepage area of oil and gas reservoir.
In hydraulic fracturing technology, needing by setting of packer is pressure to man-made fracture by Water power transform, existing packer mainly contains compression packer and inflatable packer two kinds, wherein, inflatable packer mainly comprises: be socketed in the top connection of central tube outside, expanding packing element and lower contact successively, and the cover junction of this central tube and expanding packing element is provided with inlet opening.When adopting hydraulic fracturing technology transformation oil and gas reservoir, the top connection of inflatable packer is connected with fracturing string lower end, lower contact is connected with throttling sandblaster, be placed on inside pipe casing, this casing cement is in well, fracturing string is extended to the above 10-20m of oil and gas reservoir (rice) place that underground distance need be transformed, with pressure break pump truck to pumping liquid in fracturing string, liquid is entered by the top connection of inflatable packer, throttling sandblaster is flowed into again from the lower contact of inflatable packer, but the internal diameter due to fracturing string is far longer than the inlet diameter of throttling sandblaster, thus at the pressure reduction of formation up and down of inflatable packer, liquid is exerted a force to expanding packing element by inlet opening, when pressure reduction reaches 1.2 1 1.5MPa (MPa), expanding packing element produces radial deformation, when expanding packing element external diameter with should
sleeve pipe internal diametertime equal, the process that sets of inflatable packer completes.
But, because the degree of depth of oil-gas Layer is more and more darker, the pressure reduction formed up and down of inflatable packer is also increasing, because existing packer bears the limited in one's ability of pressure reduction, the excessively deformation of expanding packing element possibility, or produce wriggling, therefore, in the process of fracturing, easily occur that packer loses envelope phenomenon, cause economic loss.
Summary of the invention
In the process of fracturing, easily occurring that packer loses envelope phenomenon in order to solving, causing the problem of economic loss, embodiments provide a kind of inflatable packer and set method.Described technical scheme is as follows:
On the one hand, provide a kind of inflatable packer, comprising:
Top connection, upper balance fluid cylinder, expanding packing element, lower balance fluid cylinder, central tube and lower contact;
Described top connection, described upper balance fluid cylinder, described expanding packing element, described lower balance fluid cylinder and described lower contact, be socketed in described central tube from top to bottom successively outside, wherein, described top connection, described expanding packing element are fixedly connected with described central tube respectively with described lower contact, described top connection is fixedly connected with described upper balance fluid cylinder, described lower contact is fixedly connected with described lower balance fluid cylinder, and described upper balance fluid cylinder and described lower balance fluid cylinder are flexibly connected with described central tube respectively;
Described upper balance fluid cylinder comprises cylinder sleeve and upper packing element group, and described upper cylinder sleeve is fixedly connected with described top connection, and it is outside that described upper cylinder sleeve and described upper packing element group are socketed in described central tube from top to bottom successively;
Described lower balance fluid cylinder comprises lower rubber cylinder group and lower cylinder sleeve, and described lower cylinder sleeve is fixedly connected with described lower contact, and it is outside that described lower rubber cylinder group and described lower cylinder sleeve are socketed in described central tube from top to bottom successively;
Described central tube and described on balance fluid cylinder, described expanding packing element and described lower balance fluid cylinder cover junction on be respectively arranged with inlet opening, described inlet opening runs through the tube wall of described central tube.
Optionally, described top connection comprises small outer diameter section and big outer diameter section, and the external diameter of described big outer diameter section is greater than the external diameter of described small outer diameter section;
Described lower contact comprises small outer diameter section and big outer diameter section, and the external diameter of described big outer diameter section is greater than the external diameter of described small outer diameter section;
Described upper cylinder sleeve comprises little internal diameter section and large diameter section, and the internal diameter of described large diameter section is greater than the internal diameter of described little internal diameter section;
Described lower cylinder sleeve comprises little internal diameter section and large diameter section, and the internal diameter of described large diameter section is greater than the internal diameter of described little internal diameter section;
Wherein, the small outer diameter section of described top connection and the large diameter section of described upper cylinder sleeve are socketed, and the large diameter section of described lower cylinder sleeve and the small outer diameter section of described lower contact are socketed.
Optionally, described top connection is fixedly connected with by the first shear pin with described upper cylinder sleeve, the cover junction of the small outer diameter section of top connection described in the axes normal of described first shear pin and the large diameter section of described upper cylinder sleeve;
Described lower cylinder sleeve is fixedly connected with by the second shear pin with described lower contact, the cover junction of the lower large diameter section of cylinder sleeve and the small outer diameter section of described lower contact described in the axes normal of described second shear pin.
Optionally, with the socket place of described upper cylinder sleeve on the external surface of the small outer diameter section of described top connection, be provided with the first seal groove, in described first seal groove, be provided with the first sealing ring;
With the socket place of described central tube on the inner surface of the little internal diameter section of described upper cylinder sleeve, be provided with the second seal groove, in described second seal groove, be provided with the second sealing ring;
With the socket place of described lower cylinder sleeve on the external surface of the small outer diameter section of described lower contact, be provided with the 3rd seal groove, in described 3rd seal groove, be provided with the 3rd sealing ring;
With the socket place of described central tube on the inner surface of the little internal diameter section of described lower cylinder sleeve, be provided with the 4th seal groove, in described 4th seal groove, be provided with the 4th sealing ring.
Optionally, the external surface of described central tube is provided with external screw thread;
The lower end of described top connection is provided with internal thread, and described top connection and described central tube adopt thread connecting mode to be fixedly connected with;
Described expanding packing element is provided with internal thread, and the lower end of described expanding packing element is threaded connection mode with described central tube and is fixedly connected with;
The upper end of described lower contact is provided with internal thread, and described lower contact and described central tube adopt thread connecting mode to be fixedly connected with.
Optionally, described inflatable packer, also comprises:
Back-up ring, described back-up ring is between the step surface and described lower rubber cylinder group of described central tube, be socketed in described central tube outside, for stopping the contact of described lower rubber cylinder group and described step surface, the face being parallel to described central tube radial direction that the external screw thread that described step surface is described central tube and described expanding packing element connection of thread is formed.
Optionally, the inner chamber of described top connection, described central tube and described lower contact is interconnected, and internal diameter is equal.
On the other hand, what provide a kind of inflatable packer sets method, for inflatable packer, described inflatable packer comprises: top connection, upper balance fluid cylinder, expanding packing element, lower balance fluid cylinder, central tube and lower contact, described upper balance fluid cylinder comprises cylinder sleeve and upper packing element group, described upper cylinder sleeve is fixedly connected with by the first shear pin with described top connection, and it is outside that described upper cylinder sleeve and described upper packing element group are socketed in described central tube from top to bottom successively; Described lower balance fluid cylinder comprises lower rubber cylinder group and lower cylinder sleeve, and described lower cylinder sleeve is fixedly connected with by the second shear pin with described lower contact, and it is outside that described lower rubber cylinder group and described lower cylinder sleeve are socketed in described central tube from top to bottom successively;
Described method comprises:
Liquid is imported from top connection, exports to throttling sandblaster from lower contact, make the pressure reduction of formation up and down of described inflatable packer;
Liquid is imported from the inner chamber of central tube the cavity balancing fluid cylinder, expanding packing element and lower balance fluid cylinder and described central tube and formed respectively, makes described upper balance fluid cylinder, described expanding packing element and described lower balance fluid cylinder produce deformation under described differential pressure action;
After pressure reduction is greater than the first predetermined threshold value, described expanding packing element sets;
After pressure reduction is greater than the second predetermined threshold value, described first shear pin is cut off, and what make described upper cylinder sleeve and described top connection is fixedly connected with disconnection, and described upper cylinder sleeve moves down, and compresses described upper packing element group, and described upper packing element group is set;
After pressure reduction is greater than described second predetermined threshold value, described second shear pin is cut off, and what make described lower cylinder sleeve and described lower contact is fixedly connected with disconnection, and described lower cylinder sleeve moves up, and compresses described lower rubber cylinder group, and described lower rubber cylinder group is set;
Wherein, described second predetermined threshold value is greater than described first predetermined threshold value.
The beneficial effect that the technical scheme that the embodiment of the present invention provides is brought is:
The inflatable packer provided due to the embodiment of the present invention and set method, fluid cylinder and lower balance fluid cylinder is balanced on being provided with in inflatable packer, for the power that the pressure reduction up and down of balanced expansion formula packer produces, on, after the packing element group of lower balance fluid cylinder sets, there is the annular space of center seal pipe and sleeve pipe formation and the double action of protection expanding packing element, compared to prior art, improve the ability that packer bears pressure reduction, thus decrease the excessive deformation of expanding packing element and produce the possibility of wriggling, therefore, the simple packer relying on expanding packing element to cause in the process of fracturing can be reduced and lose envelope phenomenon, avoid economic loss.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, below the accompanying drawing used required in describing embodiment is briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of fracturing system that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 2 is a kind of inflatable packer structural representation that prior art provides;
Fig. 3 is a kind of inflatable packer structural representation that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 4 is the another kind of inflatable packer structural representation that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 5 is the part-structure schematic diagram of a kind of inflatable packer that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 6 is the part-structure schematic diagram of the another kind of inflatable packer that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 7 is the part-structure schematic diagram of another inflatable packer that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 8 be a kind of inflatable packer of providing of the embodiment of the present invention set method flow schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present invention is described further in detail.
Shown in Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of fracturing system, this fracturing system comprises: inflatable packer 00, throttling sandblaster 01, fracturing string 02 and sleeve pipe 03, wherein, the top connection of inflatable packer 00 is connected with fracturing string 02 lower end, lower contact is connected with throttling sandblaster 01, it is inner that inflatable packer 00, throttling sandblaster 01 and fracturing string 02 are placed on sleeve pipe 03, and this sleeve pipe 03 is cemented in well.When carrying out fracturing, fracturing string 02 is extended to the above 10-20m place of oil and gas reservoir that underground distance need be transformed, with pressure break pump truck to pumping liquid in fracturing string 02, liquid is entered by the top connection of inflatable packer 00, flow into throttling sandblaster 01 from the lower contact of inflatable packer 00 again, at the pressure reduction that inflatable packer about 00 is formed, inflatable packer 00 is set, and then make sleeve pipe 03 inner, the space isolation that inflatable packer 00 is upper and lower.By the liquid that throttling sandblaster 01 flows out, can inject man-made fracture continuously along the direction of arrow x in Fig. 1, this man-made fracture becomes increasing due to the pressure that waterpower produces, thus realizes the fracturing of man-made fracture.
In prior art, as shown in Figure 2, inflatable packer 10 mainly comprises: the top connection 102 being socketed in central tube 101 outside successively, expanding packing element 103 and lower contact 104, this central tube 101 with the cover junction of expanding packing element 103 are provided with inlet opening (Fig. 2 does not draw), the power that the pressure reduction formed up and down of inflatable packer 10 produces is applied to expanding packing element 103 by inlet opening, expanding packing element 103 is made to produce deformation, when the power that pressure reduction produces is greater than the scope that expanding packing element 103 can bear, expanding packing element 103 produces excessive deformation, as radial excessive deformation, make the external diameter of expanding packing element 103 cannot be with
in sleeve pipe footpathequal, or expanding packing element 103 centrally pipe 101 axis produce wriggle, thus occur packer lose envelope phenomenon.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of inflatable packer 20, as shown in Figure 3, comprising:
Top connection 201, upper balance fluid cylinder 202, expanding packing element 203, lower balance fluid cylinder 204, central tube 205 and lower contact 206.
Top connection 201, upper balance fluid cylinder 202, expanding packing element 203, lower balance fluid cylinder 204 and lower contact 206, be socketed in central tube 205 from top to bottom successively outside, wherein, top connection 201, expanding packing element 203 are fixedly connected with central tube 205 respectively with lower contact 206, top connection 201 is fixedly connected with upper balance fluid cylinder 202, lower contact 206 is fixedly connected with lower balance fluid cylinder 204, and upper balance fluid cylinder 202 and lower balance fluid cylinder 204 are flexibly connected with central tube 205 respectively.
Central tube 205 with on balance fluid cylinder 202, expanding packing element 203 and lower balance fluid cylinder 204 cover junction on be respectively arranged with inlet opening 2051, inlet opening 2051 runs through the tube wall of central tube 205.This inlet opening 2051 for liquid is imported from the inner chamber of central tube 205 cavity that upper balance fluid cylinder 202, expanding packing element 203 and lower balance fluid cylinder 204 formed with central tube 205 respectively, the power that upper balance fluid cylinder 202 and lower balance fluid cylinder 204 produce for the pressure reduction up and down of balanced expansion formula packer 20.
It should be noted that, inlet opening 2051 can be provided with three groups, the corresponding upper cavity balancing fluid cylinder 202 and formed with central tube 205 respectively, the cavity that expanding packing element 203 and central tube 205 are formed, and the cavity that lower balance fluid cylinder 204 is formed with central tube 205, often organize inlet opening and comprise at least one inlet opening, common, often organize inlet opening and can arrange 2 with the inlet opening of the shaft section symmetry of central tube 205.
Further, as shown in Figure 4, upper balance fluid cylinder 202 can comprise cylinder sleeve 2021 and upper packing element group 2022, and upper cylinder sleeve 2021 is fixedly connected with top connection 201, and it is outside that upper cylinder sleeve 2021 and upper packing element group 2022 are socketed in central tube 205 from top to bottom successively, upper packing element group 2022 is flexibly connected with central tube 205, wherein, upper cylinder sleeve 2021 adopts steel material to make, and bearing capacity is stronger, upper packing element group 2022 adopts colloidal materials to make, and can produce deformation.
Lower balance fluid cylinder 204 comprises lower rubber cylinder group 2041 and lower cylinder sleeve 2042, lower cylinder sleeve 2042 is fixedly connected with lower contact 206, it is outside that lower rubber cylinder group 2041 and lower cylinder sleeve 2042 are socketed in central tube 205 from top to bottom successively, lower rubber cylinder group 2041 is flexibly connected with central tube 205, wherein, lower cylinder sleeve 2042 adopts steel material to make, and bearing capacity is stronger, lower rubber cylinder group 2041 adopts colloidal materials to make, and can produce deformation.
In sum, due to the inflatable packer that the embodiment of the present invention provides, be provided with balance fluid cylinder and lower balance fluid cylinder, for the power that the pressure reduction up and down of balanced expansion formula packer produces, on, after the packing element group of lower balance fluid cylinder sets, there is the annular space of center seal pipe and sleeve pipe formation and the double action of protection expanding packing element, compared to prior art, improve the ability that packer bears pressure reduction, thus decrease the excessive deformation of expanding packing element and produce the possibility of wriggling, therefore, the simple packer relying on expanding packing element to cause in the process of fracturing can be reduced and lose envelope phenomenon, avoid economic loss.
Shown in Fig. 5 is the part-structure figure of inflatable packer 20, and as shown in Figure 5, top connection 201 can comprise small outer diameter section 2011 and big outer diameter section 2012, and the external diameter of this big outer diameter section 2012 is greater than the external diameter of small outer diameter section 2011, upper cylinder sleeve 2021 comprises little internal diameter section 2021a and large diameter section 2021b, and the internal diameter of this large diameter section 2021b is greater than the internal diameter of little internal diameter section 2021a, wherein, the small outer diameter section 2011 of top connection is socketed with the large diameter section 2021b of upper cylinder sleeve, make the soffit of small outer diameter section 2011 parallel central tube 205 radial direction of top connection, the inner surface of the large diameter section 2021b of upper cylinder sleeve and the external surface of central tube 205 form cavity P, this cavity P can be considered the cavity that balance fluid cylinder and central tube are formed, inlet opening 2051 is communicated with inner chamber and this cavity P of central tube 205, when liquid is imported cavity P respectively from central tube 205, as shown in Figure 6, liquid enters cavity P from inlet opening 2051, to top connection (Fig. 6 does not indicate) applying power b upwards, upwards cylinder sleeve (Fig. 6 does not indicate) apply downward power c and parallel alley to power d.Central tube 205 radial direction is the direction of the axis L in parallel Fig. 5, this central tube 205 radial vertical axis L place plane, and central tube 205 radial direction can x direction in parallel Fig. 5.Top connection 201 is fixedly connected with by the first shear pin M with upper cylinder sleeve 2021, the small outer diameter section 2011 of the axes normal top connection of the first shear pin M and the cover junction W of the large diameter section 2021b of upper cylinder sleeve.
Common, if top connection is not fixedly connected with upper cylinder sleeve, upper cylinder half is enclosed within pressure reduction when not arriving the second predetermined threshold value, wriggling may be produced, upwards packing element group applies pressure, packing element group is made to produce distortion, cause the premature setting of balance fluid cylinder, in embodiments of the present invention, top connection is fixedly connected with upper cylinder sleeve by the first shear pin, for preventing the phenomenon of upper balance fluid cylinder premature setting from occurring, above-mentioned second predetermined threshold value is the threshold pressure differential of the upper balance fluid cylinder pre-set when setting, and is generally 7-8MPa.
Shown in Fig. 7 is the part-structure figure of inflatable packer 20, and as shown in Figure 7, lower contact 206 comprises small outer diameter section 2061 and big outer diameter section 2062, and the external diameter of this big outer diameter section 2062 is greater than the external diameter of small outer diameter section 2061; Lower cylinder sleeve 2042 comprises little internal diameter section 2042a and large diameter section 2042b, and the internal diameter of this large diameter section 2042b is greater than the internal diameter of little internal diameter section 2042a; Wherein, the large diameter section 2042b of lower cylinder sleeve and the small outer diameter section 2061 of lower contact are socketed, and make the external surface of the upper surface of small outer diameter section 2061 parallel central tube 205 radial direction of lower contact, the inner surface of the large diameter section 2042b of lower cylinder sleeve and central tube 205 form cavity Q.This cavity Q can be considered the cavity that lower balance fluid cylinder and central tube are formed, inlet opening 2051 is communicated with inner chamber and this cavity Q of central tube 205, when liquid is imported cavity Q respectively from central tube 205, with Fig. 6 in like manner, liquid enters cavity Q from inlet opening, apply downward power to lower contact, downward cylinder sleeve apply power upwards and parallel alley to power.Central tube 205 radial direction is the direction of the axis L in parallel Fig. 7, and this central tube 205 radial vertical axis L place plane can be the x direction in Fig. 7.Lower cylinder sleeve is fixedly connected with by the second shear pin N with lower contact, the cover junction Z of the large diameter section 2042b of cylinder sleeve and the small outer diameter section 2061 of lower contact under the axes normal of the second shear pin N.
Common, if lower cylinder sleeve is not fixedly connected with lower contact, lower cylinder sleeve is not when pressure reduction arrives the second predetermined threshold value, wriggling may be produced, upwards packing element group applies pressure, lower rubber cylinder group is made to produce distortion, cause the premature setting of lower balance fluid cylinder, in embodiments of the present invention, lower contact is fixedly connected with lower cylinder sleeve by the second shear pin, for preventing the phenomenon of lower balance fluid cylinder premature setting from occurring, above-mentioned second predetermined threshold value is the threshold pressure differential of the lower balance fluid cylinder pre-set when setting, and is generally 7-8MPa.
Further, as shown in Figure 5, with the socket place of upper cylinder sleeve 2021 on the external surface of the small outer diameter section 2011 of top connection, be provided with in the first seal groove 207, first seal groove 207 and be provided with the first sealing ring (not indicating in Fig. 5); With the socket place of central tube 205 on the inner surface of the little internal diameter section 2021a of upper cylinder sleeve, be provided with in the second seal groove 208, second seal groove 208 and be provided with the second sealing ring (not indicating in Fig. 5).As shown in Figure 7, the socket place of the external surface up and down cylinder sleeve of the small outer diameter section 2061 of lower contact, is provided with in the 3rd seal groove the 209, three seal groove 209 and is provided with the 3rd sealing ring (not indicating in Fig. 7); With the socket place of central tube on the inner surface of the little internal diameter section 2042a of lower cylinder sleeve, be provided with in the 4th seal groove the 210, four seal groove 210 and be provided with the 4th sealing ring (not indicating in Fig. 7).First sealing ring, second sealing ring, 3rd sealing ring and the 4th sealing ring all seal, prevent liquid from oozing out, wherein, first sealing ring flows into the gap of top connection 201 and upper cylinder sleeve 2021 for preventing liquid from cavity P, second sealing ring flows into the gap of central tube 205 and upper cylinder sleeve 2021 for preventing liquid from cavity P, 3rd sealing ring flows into the gap of lower contact 206 and lower cylinder sleeve 2042 for preventing liquid from cavity Q, 4th sealing ring flows into the gap of central tube 205 and lower cylinder sleeve 2042 for preventing liquid from cavity Q, simultaneously, four sealing rings also can prevent liquid from entering the gap of inflatable packer 20, make the inner chamber of inflatable packer 20 and sleeve pipe completely isolated, scattering and disappearing of the power that can effectively prevent pressure reduction from generating like this.
Optionally, as shown in Figure 4, the external surface of central tube 205 can be provided with external screw thread 2052; The lower end of top connection 201 is provided with internal thread (Fig. 4 does not draw), and top connection 201 adopts thread connecting mode to be fixedly connected with central tube 205; The upper end of lower contact 206 is provided with internal thread (Fig. 4 does not draw), and lower contact 206 adopts thread connecting mode to be fixedly connected with central tube 205.Expanding packing element 203 is provided with internal thread 2031, and the lower end of expanding packing element 203 is threaded connection mode with central tube 205 and is fixedly connected with, and can guarantee that expanding packing element can not axially be subjected to displacement.Meanwhile, in embodiments of the present invention, adopt thread connecting mode simple to operate, and to be connected firmly, effectively can prevent the wriggling of top connection, expanding packing element and lower contact.
As shown in Figure 7, inflatable packer 20, can also comprise: back-up ring 211, back-up ring 211 is between the step surface H and lower rubber cylinder group 2041 of central tube 203, be socketed in central tube 205 outside, for stopping the contact of lower rubber cylinder group 2041 and step surface H, the face H being parallel to central tube 205 radial direction that centered by this step surface H, pipe 205 is formed with the external screw thread of expanding packing element 203 connection of thread, concrete, this back-up ring 211 fits in the step surface that the external screw thread 2052 on the external surface of central tube 205 is formed, the lower end in contact of this back-up ring 211 upper end and step surface H, lower end contacts with lower rubber cylinder group 2041, because the step surface H of central tube is steel material, lower rubber cylinder group 2041 is colloidal materials, back-up ring 211 can prevent lower rubber cylinder group 2041 in stressed rear generation deformation, embed step surface H, affect the use of external screw thread 2052.
It should be noted that, after inflatable packer sets, need to make man-made fracture become larger by liquid being injected continuously man-made fracture, the solid particle of high strength is carried again by liquid, and this solid particle is filled to man-made fracture, the inner chamber of top connection in embodiments of the present invention, central tube and lower contact is interconnected, and internal diameter is equal.So, can not only ensure that liquid flow is unimpeded, can also when liquid carries solid particle by inflatable packer, reduce the obstruction suffered by solid particle, avoid top connection, solid particle wearing and tearing that the internal diameter of central tube and lower contact etc. does not cause, the also corresponding inner chamber damage decreasing top connection, central tube and lower contact.
When the inflatable packer adopting the embodiment of the present invention to provide carries out the fracturing of oil and gas reservoir, first the top connection of inflatable packer is connected with fracturing string, lower contact is connected with throttling sandblaster, be placed on inside pipe casing, fracturing string is extended to the above 10-20m of oil and gas reservoir (rice) place that underground distance need be transformed, with pressure break pump truck to pumping liquid in fracturing string, liquid is entered by the top connection of inflatable packer, throttling sandblaster is flowed into again from the lower contact of inflatable packer, but the internal diameter due to fracturing string is far longer than the inlet diameter of throttling sandblaster, thus at the pressure reduction of formation up and down of inflatable packer, faster from the flow velocity of the liquid of top connection importing, the pressure reduction formed up and down of inflatable packer is larger, constructor can control the pressure reduction formed up and down of inflatable packer by the flow velocity of the liquid of adjustment importing inflatable packer, to realize effectively setting of inflatable packer.
Concrete, due to three groups of inlet openings corresponding upper cavity balancing fluid cylinder 202 and formed with central tube 205 respectively, the cavity that expanding packing element 203 and central tube 205 are formed, and the cavity that lower balance fluid cylinder 204 is formed with central tube 205, then liquid imports from the inner chamber of central tube the cavity balancing fluid cylinder, expanding packing element and lower balance fluid cylinder and central tube and formed by three groups of inlet openings respectively, makes balance fluid cylinder, expanding packing element and lower balance fluid cylinder produce deformation under differential pressure action.It should be noted that, the deformation of upper balance fluid cylinder, expanding packing element and lower balance fluid cylinder is radial deformation, and normally diameter becomes large, and length diminishes, constancy of volume.After pressure reduction is greater than the first predetermined threshold value, expanding packing element, when deformation external diameter is extremely equal with this casing inner diameter, realizes setting, achieves the effect of the annular space of Sealed casing pipe and central tube, after pressure reduction is greater than the second predetermined threshold value, as shown in Figure 6, because top connection is subject to power b upwards, upper cylinder sleeve is subject to downward power c, the first shear pin then connecting upper cylinder sleeve and top connection continues stressed, when reaching the tenability limit of the first shear pin, first shear pin is cut off under the effect of pulling force, upper cylinder sleeve is fixedly connected with disconnection with top connection, upper cylinder sleeve is subject to downward power c, move down, packing element group in compression, upper packing element group produces interference fit effect when deformation external diameter is extremely equal with this casing inner diameter, in realization, packing element group sets, now, upper balance fluid cylinder sets, upper packing element group achieves the effect of enhanced leaktightness and protection expanding packing element, because lower contact is subject to power upwards, lower cylinder sleeve is subject to downward power, second shear pin is cut off under the effect of pulling force, lower cylinder sleeve is fixedly connected with disconnection with lower contact, lower cylinder sleeve is subject to power upwards, move up, compression lower rubber cylinder group, lower rubber cylinder group is when deformation external diameter is extremely equal with this casing inner diameter and produce interference fit effect, realizes lower rubber cylinder group and sets, now, lower balance fluid cylinder sets, lower rubber cylinder group achieves the effect of enhanced leaktightness and protection expanding packing element, therefore, achieves balance fluid cylinder and to set and lower balance fluid cylinder sets.After inflatable packer sets, upper balance fluid cylinder, expanding packing element contact with casing inner diameter completely with the outer wall of lower balance fluid cylinder.It should be noted that, the second predetermined threshold value is greater than the first predetermined threshold value, and this first predetermined threshold value can be 1.2 1 1.5MPa, and this second default threshold can be 7-8MPa.
In sum, due to the inflatable packer that the embodiment of the present invention provides, be provided with balance fluid cylinder and lower balance fluid cylinder, for the power that the pressure reduction up and down of balanced expansion formula packer produces, on, after the packing element group of lower balance fluid cylinder sets, there is the annular space of center seal pipe and sleeve pipe formation and the double action of protection expanding packing element, compared to prior art, improve the ability that packer bears pressure reduction, thus decrease the excessive deformation of expanding packing element and produce the possibility of wriggling, therefore, the simple packer relying on expanding packing element to cause in the process of fracturing can be reduced and lose envelope phenomenon, avoid economic loss.
What the embodiment of the present invention provided a kind of inflatable packer sets method, for the inflatable packer that the embodiment of the present invention provides, described inflatable packer comprises: top connection, upper balance fluid cylinder, expanding packing element, lower balance fluid cylinder, central tube and lower contact, described upper balance fluid cylinder comprises cylinder sleeve and upper packing element group, described upper cylinder sleeve is fixedly connected with by the first shear pin with described top connection, and it is outside that described upper cylinder sleeve and described upper packing element group are socketed in described central tube from top to bottom successively; Described lower balance fluid cylinder comprises lower rubber cylinder group and lower cylinder sleeve, and described lower cylinder sleeve is fixedly connected with by the second shear pin with described lower contact, and it is outside that described lower rubber cylinder group and described lower cylinder sleeve are socketed in described central tube from top to bottom successively.As shown in Figure 8, the method that sets of this inflatable packer comprises:
Import from top connection in step 801, by liquid, export to throttling sandblaster from lower contact, make the pressure reduction of formation up and down of inflatable packer.
Import from the inner chamber of central tube the cavity balancing fluid cylinder, expanding packing element and lower balance fluid cylinder and central tube and formed respectively in step 802, by liquid, make balance fluid cylinder, expanding packing element and lower balance fluid cylinder produce deformation under differential pressure action.
In step 803, after pressure reduction is greater than the first predetermined threshold value, expanding packing element sets.
It should be noted that, after liquid imports the cavity of expanding packing element and central tube formation from the inner chamber of central tube, making expanding packing element under differential pressure action, produce deformation to fitting completely with casing inner diameter, achieving the effect of the annular space of Sealed casing pipe and central tube.
In step 804, after pressure reduction is greater than the second predetermined threshold value, the first shear pin is cut off, and what make cylinder sleeve and top connection is fixedly connected with disconnection, and upper cylinder sleeve moves down, packing element group in compression, and packing element group is set.
It should be noted that, upper cylinder sleeve and top connection be fixedly connected with disconnection after, upper cylinder sleeve moves down the upper packing element group of compression and expanding packing element, packing element group and expanding packing element is badly deformed and reaches casing inner diameter to external diameter and produce interference fit effect.Now, upper packing element group achieves the effect of enhanced leaktightness and protection expanding packing element.
In step 805, after pressure reduction is greater than the second predetermined threshold value, the second shear pin is cut off, and what make lower cylinder sleeve and lower contact is fixedly connected with disconnection, and lower cylinder sleeve moves up, and compression lower rubber cylinder group, makes lower rubber cylinder group set.
It should be noted that, the second shear pin is cut off, and lower cylinder sleeve moves compression lower rubber cylinder group, lower rubber cylinder group is badly deformed and reaches casing inner diameter to external diameter and produce interference fit effect.Now, lower rubber cylinder group achieves the effect of enhanced leaktightness and protection expanding packing element.
Wherein, the second predetermined threshold value is greater than the first predetermined threshold value.
In sum, the inflatable packer provided due to the embodiment of the present invention set method, after being greater than the second predetermined threshold value at pressure reduction, upper balance fluid cylinder and lower balance fluid cylinder set, there is the annular space of center seal pipe and sleeve pipe formation and the double action of protection expanding packing element, the power that the pressure reduction up and down balancing inflatable packer produces, compared to prior art, improve the ability that packer bears pressure reduction, thus decrease the excessive deformation of expanding packing element and produce the possibility of wriggling, therefore, the simple packer relying on expanding packing element to cause in the process of fracturing can be reduced and lose envelope phenomenon, avoid economic loss.
It should be noted that; the sequencing setting method step of the inflatable packer that the embodiment of the present invention provides can suitably adjust; step also according to circumstances can carry out corresponding increase and decrease; such as; step 804 and 805 position can exchange, be anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses, the method changed can be expected easily; all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention, therefore repeat no more.
In sum, the inflatable packer provided due to the embodiment of the present invention set method, after being greater than the second predetermined threshold value at pressure reduction, upper balance fluid cylinder and lower balance fluid cylinder set, there is the annular space of center seal pipe and sleeve pipe formation and the double action of protection expanding packing element, the power that the pressure reduction up and down balancing inflatable packer produces, compared to prior art, improve the ability that packer bears pressure reduction, thus decrease the excessive deformation of expanding packing element and produce the possibility of wriggling, therefore, the simple packer relying on expanding packing element to cause in the process of fracturing can be reduced and lose envelope phenomenon, avoid economic loss.
Those skilled in the art can be well understood to, and for convenience of description and succinctly, the specific works process of the method for foregoing description, with reference to the corresponding process in aforementioned means embodiment, can not repeat them here.
These are only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. an inflatable packer, is characterized in that, comprising:
Top connection, upper balance fluid cylinder, expanding packing element, lower balance fluid cylinder, central tube and lower contact;
Described top connection, described upper balance fluid cylinder, described expanding packing element, described lower balance fluid cylinder and described lower contact, be socketed in described central tube from top to bottom successively outside, wherein, described top connection, described expanding packing element are fixedly connected with described central tube respectively with described lower contact, described top connection is fixedly connected with described upper balance fluid cylinder, described lower contact is fixedly connected with described lower balance fluid cylinder, and described upper balance fluid cylinder and described lower balance fluid cylinder are flexibly connected with described central tube respectively;
Described upper balance fluid cylinder comprises cylinder sleeve and upper packing element group, and described upper cylinder sleeve is fixedly connected with described top connection, and it is outside that described upper cylinder sleeve and described upper packing element group are socketed in described central tube from top to bottom successively;
Described lower balance fluid cylinder comprises lower rubber cylinder group and lower cylinder sleeve, and described lower cylinder sleeve is fixedly connected with described lower contact, and it is outside that described lower rubber cylinder group and described lower cylinder sleeve are socketed in described central tube from top to bottom successively;
Described central tube and described on balance fluid cylinder, described expanding packing element and described lower balance fluid cylinder cover junction on be respectively arranged with inlet opening, described inlet opening runs through the tube wall of described central tube.
2. inflatable packer according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described top connection comprises small outer diameter section and big outer diameter section, and the external diameter of described big outer diameter section is greater than the external diameter of described small outer diameter section;
Described lower contact comprises small outer diameter section and big outer diameter section, and the external diameter of described big outer diameter section is greater than the external diameter of described small outer diameter section;
Described upper cylinder sleeve comprises little internal diameter section and large diameter section, and the internal diameter of described large diameter section is greater than the internal diameter of described little internal diameter section;
Described lower cylinder sleeve comprises little internal diameter section and large diameter section, and the internal diameter of described large diameter section is greater than the internal diameter of described little internal diameter section;
Wherein, the small outer diameter section of described top connection and the large diameter section of described upper cylinder sleeve are socketed, and the large diameter section of described lower cylinder sleeve and the small outer diameter section of described lower contact are socketed.
3. inflatable packer according to claim 2, is characterized in that,
Described top connection is fixedly connected with by the first shear pin with described upper cylinder sleeve, the cover junction of the small outer diameter section of top connection described in the axes normal of described first shear pin and the large diameter section of described upper cylinder sleeve;
Described lower cylinder sleeve is fixedly connected with by the second shear pin with described lower contact, the cover junction of the lower large diameter section of cylinder sleeve and the small outer diameter section of described lower contact described in the axes normal of described second shear pin.
4. inflatable packer according to claim 2, is characterized in that,
With the socket place of described upper cylinder sleeve on the external surface of the small outer diameter section of described top connection, be provided with the first seal groove, in described first seal groove, be provided with the first sealing ring;
With the socket place of described central tube on the inner surface of the little internal diameter section of described upper cylinder sleeve, be provided with the second seal groove, in described second seal groove, be provided with the second sealing ring;
With the socket place of described lower cylinder sleeve on the external surface of the small outer diameter section of described lower contact, be provided with the 3rd seal groove, in described 3rd seal groove, be provided with the 3rd sealing ring;
With the socket place of described central tube on the inner surface of the little internal diameter section of described lower cylinder sleeve, be provided with the 4th seal groove, in described 4th seal groove, be provided with the 4th sealing ring.
5. inflatable packer according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
The external surface of described central tube is provided with external screw thread;
The lower end of described top connection is provided with internal thread, and described top connection and described central tube adopt thread connecting mode to be fixedly connected with;
Described expanding packing element is provided with internal thread, and the lower end of described expanding packing element is threaded connection mode with described central tube and is fixedly connected with;
The upper end of described lower contact is provided with internal thread, and described lower contact and described central tube adopt thread connecting mode to be fixedly connected with.
6. inflatable packer according to claim 5, is characterized in that,
Described inflatable packer, also comprises:
Back-up ring, described back-up ring is between the step surface and described lower rubber cylinder group of described central tube, be socketed in described central tube outside, for stopping the contact of described lower rubber cylinder group and described step surface, the face being parallel to described central tube radial direction that the external screw thread that described step surface is described central tube and described expanding packing element connection of thread is formed.
7. the inflatable packer according to claim 1 to 6 any one claim, is characterized in that,
The inner chamber of described top connection, described central tube and described lower contact is interconnected, and internal diameter is equal.
8. an inflatable packer set method, it is characterized in that, for inflatable packer, described inflatable packer comprises: top connection, upper balance fluid cylinder, expanding packing element, lower balance fluid cylinder, central tube and lower contact, described upper balance fluid cylinder comprises cylinder sleeve and upper packing element group, described upper cylinder sleeve is fixedly connected with by the first shear pin with described top connection, and it is outside that described upper cylinder sleeve and described upper packing element group are socketed in described central tube from top to bottom successively; Described lower balance fluid cylinder comprises lower rubber cylinder group and lower cylinder sleeve, and described lower cylinder sleeve is fixedly connected with by the second shear pin with described lower contact, and it is outside that described lower rubber cylinder group and described lower cylinder sleeve are socketed in described central tube from top to bottom successively;
Described method comprises:
Liquid is imported from top connection, exports to throttling sandblaster from lower contact, make the pressure reduction of formation up and down of described inflatable packer;
Liquid is imported from the inner chamber of central tube the cavity balancing fluid cylinder, expanding packing element and lower balance fluid cylinder and described central tube and formed respectively, makes described upper balance fluid cylinder, described expanding packing element and described lower balance fluid cylinder produce deformation under described differential pressure action;
After pressure reduction is greater than the first predetermined threshold value, described expanding packing element sets;
After pressure reduction is greater than the second predetermined threshold value, described first shear pin is cut off, and what make described upper cylinder sleeve and described top connection is fixedly connected with disconnection, and described upper cylinder sleeve moves down, and compresses described upper packing element group, and described upper packing element group is set;
After pressure reduction is greater than described second predetermined threshold value, described second shear pin is cut off, and what make described lower cylinder sleeve and described lower contact is fixedly connected with disconnection, and described lower cylinder sleeve moves up, and compresses described lower rubber cylinder group, and described lower rubber cylinder group is set;
Wherein, described second predetermined threshold value is greater than described first predetermined threshold value.
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Also Published As
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| CN105401909B (en) | 2018-04-03 |
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