CN105396551B - Rice root prepares iron content charcoal and its application in absorption solidification heavy metal ion - Google Patents
Rice root prepares iron content charcoal and its application in absorption solidification heavy metal ion Download PDFInfo
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- CN105396551B CN105396551B CN201510934805.8A CN201510934805A CN105396551B CN 105396551 B CN105396551 B CN 105396551B CN 201510934805 A CN201510934805 A CN 201510934805A CN 105396551 B CN105396551 B CN 105396551B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that rice root prepares iron content charcoal：After rice root is cleaned, is dried, shredding, when calcining at constant temperature 2~4 is small at a temperature of 250~400 DEG C, after natural cooling, the sample of pre- charing is obtained；Sample after pre- charing when calcining at constant temperature 2~4 is small at a temperature of 500~900 DEG C, takes out after natural cooling under nitrogen protection, grinds, the iron content charcoal is made.The invention also discloses application of the iron content charcoal in absorption solidification heavy metal ion.After iron content charcoal adsorption treatment heavy metal ion, high-temperature oxydation burning is carried out, obtains curing the cured product for having heavy metal ion, heavy metal ion is obtained harmless treatment.The present invention utilizes ferro element, element silicon contained by rice root, prepares iron content charcoal, and is used to cure absorption heavy metal ion, energy-saving and environment friendly first.
Description
(1) technical field
Iron content charcoal is made using rice root the present invention relates to a kind of, and is used for heavy metal ion adsorbed and cures, from
And heavy metal ion is stablized and innoxious new method.
(2) background technology
Charcoal (Biochar) is a kind of low-cost sorbent of similar activated carbon, it is in anoxic or few by biological raw material
With the charcoal that bio oil and gas produce together under the conditions of oxygen.Biological carbon feedstock is extensive, preparation process is relatively easy, possesses soil
The carbon of improved abilities and stabilization remittance effect, in recent years as the hot spot of Environmental Studies.Meanwhile charcoal possesses certain ratio surface
Product, it is adsorbed to environmental pollutants, Transport And Transformation has an impact and is changed, the ecological effect of environmental contaminants catalyzed conversion, with
And control and reparation of contaminated environment medium etc., all gradually studied and disclosed.
(3) content of the invention
The elemental composition of charcoal, depending on used raw material.Outer layer is covered with to the iron content glue of microbial metabolism formation
The rice root of film is fired, and can obtain the charcoal (Fe-Biochar) of iron content.Iron content charcoal can be used for absorption solid
Change heavy metal ion.
The technical scheme is that, there is provided a kind of method that rice root prepares iron content charcoal, and utilize iron content biology
Charcoal absorption solidification heavy metal ion.
A kind of method that rice root prepares iron content charcoal, the described method comprises the following steps：
(1) after cleaning rice root, dry, shredding, pre- charing process is carried out：The calcining at constant temperature at a temperature of 250~400 DEG C
2~4 it is small when, after natural cooling, obtain the sample of pre- charing；
(2) sample after pre- charing is under nitrogen protection, naturally cold when calcining at constant temperature 2~4 is small at a temperature of 500~900 DEG C
But take out afterwards, the iron content charcoal is made.
In the step (1), heating rate preferably 5~15 DEG C/min during pre- charing process.
The step (1) is calcined preferably in Muffle furnace under air atmosphere.
In the step (2), heating rate preferably 5~15 DEG C/min.
The step (2) is preferably calcined in tube furnace.
In the step (2), preferably 700~800 DEG C of calcining heat.
Iron content charcoal produced by the present invention can be used for absorption solidification heavy metal ion.The heavy metal ion is Cr3+、
Cu2+、Ni+、Cd2+Or Zn2+One or both of more than.
Further, the method for the application is：It is adsorption column that iron content charcoal, which is loaded, the waste water containing heavy metal ion
Processing is purified by adsorption column, the heavy metal ion in waste water is retained in adsorption column, and a huge sum of money then will be adsorbed with column
High-temperature oxydation burning is carried out after belonging to the iron content charcoal drying of ion, obtains cured product, the cured product includes iron oxygen
Nanocrystal composition and/or silicate compound, heavy metal ion that iron content charcoal is adsorbed cure in ferrite compound and/or
In silicate compound.
The high-temperature oxydation burns, and aoxidizes and burns generally at a temperature of 800 DEG C~1200 DEG C, under air atmosphere.
The temperature that more preferably high-temperature oxydation burns is 1000 DEG C~1200 DEG C.
Further, preferably the iron content charcoal that heavy metal ion is adsorbed with column is mixed with a small amount of calcium hydroxide, done
Aoxidize and burn after dry at a temperature of 1000 DEG C~1200 DEG C, under air atmosphere, obtain cured product.The quality of the calcium hydroxide
Dosage and the mass ratio of iron content charcoal are generally 0.1~0.2：1.
The present invention burns the iron content biology char combustion for being adsorbed with heavy metal ion, and stable iron oxygen can be formed under high temperature
Nanocrystal composition or silicate compound, both of which is insoluble in acid, alkali, salt, so as to achieve the purpose that curing heavy metal.
Present invention research shows that during rice root prepares iron content activated carbon, ferro element is reduced, the crystalline substance of embedded charcoal
In body structure, the chemical component of obtained iron content charcoal is FeC3.Iron content charcoal (Fe-Biochar) is used to adsorb weight
Metal ion and 800 DEG C oxidation after, the oxide of heavy metal ion and iron is compound, formed ferrite compound, heavy metal from
Son, which enters in the lattice of ferrite compound, to be cured and stabilizes.Improve oxidation incineration temperature and reach 1000 DEG C~1200 DEG C,
Ferrite can further with the SiO in charcoal2Reaction, generates silicate compound, improves the stability of cured product.Separately
Outside, oxidation burn when add calcium hydroxide, can obtain containing calcium-silicate at a temperature of 1000 DEG C~1200 DEG C, to heavy metal from
The solidification effect of son is more preferably.
Ferrite compound and silicate compound are not soluble in water, are also insoluble in acid, alkali, salting liquid, there is good stabilization
Property, both of which is the mode of priority of heavy metal ion harmlessness disposing.
The rice root raw material that this law uses is agricultural wastes, is never utilized, and derives from a wealth of sources and stock number is huge.Water
The iron content glued membrane of rice root surface comes from rhizosphere microorganism metabolism complicated during paddy growth, is soil ferro element to rice
The biological concentration of root system；The silicic acid contained in rice root also comes from bio-absorbable.The application is to the iron contained by rice root
Element, element silicon are utilized, and prepare iron content charcoal, and are used to cure absorption heavy metal ion first, avoid mining, smelting
A series of high energy consumptions such as refining, chemical preparation, the process of high material-consumption, are the environmental-friendly new technologies of a green energy conservation.Method is whole
Technique is simple, economic and environment-friendly on body, is easy to large-scale production, has a good application prospect.
(4) illustrate
Iron content charcoal XRD diffraction patterns obtained by Fig. 1 embodiments 1.
After the iron content charcoal absorption chromium ion of Fig. 2 embodiments 1, the XRD diffraction patterns of obtained cured product are burned in oxidation.
The XRD diffraction patterns of cured product obtained by Fig. 3 embodiments 2.
(5) embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described further, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited in
This：
Embodiment 1
10.00g rice roots are cleaned, and drying, shreds and be placed in crucible；Pre- charing process, air are carried out in Muffle furnace
Atmosphere, 5 DEG C/min of heating rate, when being warming up to that calcining at constant temperature 4 is small at 250 DEG C, takes out, after obtaining pre- charing after natural cooling
Sample 4.60g；Sample after pre- charing inserts porcelain boat, protects heating (5 DEG C/min of speed) with nitrogen in tube furnace, rises to
At 700 DEG C constant temperature carry out calcining 4 it is small when, taken out after natural cooling, obtain iron content charcoal powder 2.30g.Iron content charcoal
XRD diagram see that Fig. 1, Fig. 1 can be seen that FeC mainly contained in product3, C and SiO2Three kinds of materials.
Heavy metal adsorption experiment is carried out with the iron content biological carbon materials of the gained of embodiment 1.
The column that gained iron content charcoal is carried out to chromium ion adsorbs, and the charcoal filling for taking 2g is adsorption column, uses 10mg/L
Chromium ion Cr3+Solution crosses column, collects filter liquor, changes a sampling container per 10min, is detected with atomic absorption spectrophotometer
Concentration of heavy metal ion.Calculate saturated adsorption capacity.Adsorption Dynamic measurement result shows that iron content charcoal is to chromium ion
Saturated extent of adsorption is 0.606mg/g charcoals.The powdered carbon that absorption finishes is directly placed into porcelain boat, is placed in tube furnace, first rises
Temperature drying, then at 800 DEG C, when oxidizing fire 4 is small under air atmosphere, obtains cured product.The XRD diagram of cured product is shown in figure
2, compareed with standard card, cured product mainly there are three kinds of materials：Quartzy SiO2, iron oxide and chromium ferrite (Cr0.4Fe0.6)2O3。
Therefore obtained cured product is ferrite compound.
Leaching test is carried out to cured product with Environmental Protection Agency USA (USEPA) method 1312 (SPLP).The result shows that
Chromium ion leaching concentration 2.233mg/L, less than required standard value 5mg/L.
Embodiment 2
10.00g rice roots are cleaned, and drying, shreds and be placed in crucible；Pre- charing process, air are carried out in Muffle furnace
When atmosphere, 5 DEG C/min of heating rate are warming up to that calcining at constant temperature 4 is small at 250 DEG C, taken out after natural cooling, after obtaining pre- charing
Sample 4.60g；Sample after pre- charing inserts porcelain boat, protects heating (5 DEG C/min of speed) with nitrogen in tube furnace, rises to
At 800 DEG C constant temperature carry out calcining 3 it is small when, taken out after natural cooling, obtain iron content charcoal 2.46g.
The column that gained iron content charcoal is carried out to chromium ion adsorbs, and process is same as Example 1.By lime (Ca (OH)2)
0.32g is uniformly mixed with the wet powdered carbon after absorption chromium ion, is put in porcelain boat, is placed in tube furnace, heating drying, 1100
DEG C, when aerobic calcining 4 is small under air conditions, obtain cured product.Fig. 3 is the XRD diagram of cured product, is compareed with standard card
Know there is chromium ferrite (Cr in cured product0.4Fe0.6)2O3With uvarovite Ca3Cr2(SiO4)3。
Leaching test is carried out to cured product with Environmental Protection Agency USA (USEPA) method 1312 (SPLP).The result shows that
Chromium ion leaching concentration 0.694mg/L, less than required standard value 5mg/L, also below embodiment 1, it was demonstrated that addition lime simultaneously improves
Calcining heat can obtain more preferable solidification effect.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. method of iron content charcoal absorption solidification heavy metal ion, it is characterised in that the method is specifically according to as follows Step carries out：It is adsorption column by the filling of iron content charcoal, the waste water containing heavy metal ion is purified processing by adsorption column, Heavy metal ion in waste water is retained in adsorption column, after then the iron content charcoal drying of heavy metal ion being adsorbed with column High-temperature oxydation burning is carried out, obtains cured product, the cured product includes ferrite compound and/or silicate compounds Thing, the heavy metal ion that iron content charcoal is adsorbed cure in ferrite compound and/or silicate compound, and described contains The preparation method of iron charcoal is：(1) after cleaning rice root, dry, shredding, pre- charing process is carried out：The calcining at constant temperature 2~4 at a temperature of 250~400 DEG C Hour, after natural cooling, obtain the sample of pre- charing；(2) sample after pre- charing under nitrogen protection, when calcining at constant temperature 2~4 is small at a temperature of 500~900 DEG C, after natural cooling Take out, the iron content charcoal is made.
- 2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that it is in 800 DEG C~1200 DEG C temperature that the high-temperature oxydation, which burns, Under, oxidation burning is carried out under air atmosphere.
- 3. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the temperature that the high-temperature oxydation burns is 1000 DEG C~1200 DEG C.
- 4. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the high-temperature oxydation adds calcium hydroxide, Ran Hou when burning Oxidation burning is carried out at a temperature of 1000 DEG C~1200 DEG C.
- 5. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the heavy metal ion is Cr3+、Cu2+、Ni+、Cd2+Or Zn2+In One or more.
- 6. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the heavy metal ion is Cr3+。
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| CN107891051A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-04-10 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of high temperature sintering charcoal curing heavy metal equipment |
| CN109675564B (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2022-06-03 | 三峡大学 | Preparation method and application of water hyacinth iron biochar |
| CN109821501B (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2022-03-15 | 湖南农业大学 | Modified biochar and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110564433A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-12-13 | 昆明理工大学 | Super-enriched plant-based biochar and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111215069A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-06-02 | 浙江工业大学 | Biological mesoporous carbon-supported iron oxide and application thereof |
| CN111468070B (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2022-06-24 | 杭州市富阳区浙工大银湖创新创业研究院 | Simple, convenient and efficient preparation method of magnetically separable biomass dye adsorbent |
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| WO2012131321A1 (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2012-10-04 | The Morgan Crucible Company Plc | Lithium ion batteries and electrodes therefor |
| CN103840152A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-06-04 | 浙江工业大学 | Fe3O4/C composite material prepared by utilization of rice root and application thereof |
| CN103949212A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-07-30 | 上海交通大学 | Preparation method of biomass-based magnetic biochar |
| CN104293407A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-01-21 | 湖南城头山农林开发有限公司 | Solid bamboo charcoal stick and production method thereof |
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| WO2012131321A1 (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2012-10-04 | The Morgan Crucible Company Plc | Lithium ion batteries and electrodes therefor |
| CN103840152A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-06-04 | 浙江工业大学 | Fe3O4/C composite material prepared by utilization of rice root and application thereof |
| CN103949212A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-07-30 | 上海交通大学 | Preparation method of biomass-based magnetic biochar |
| CN104293407A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-01-21 | 湖南城头山农林开发有限公司 | Solid bamboo charcoal stick and production method thereof |
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