CN105385876A - Forming device and method for semi-solid slurry of nanometer SiC-particle-reinforced 7075-aluminum-based composite material - Google Patents
Forming device and method for semi-solid slurry of nanometer SiC-particle-reinforced 7075-aluminum-based composite material Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
The invention relates to a forming device and method for semi-solid slurry, in particular to a forming device and method for semi-solid slurry of a nanometer SiC-particle-reinforced 7075-aluminum-based composite material. The forming device and method aim at solving the problems that as for existing prepared semi-solid slurry of the particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite material, the interface wettability of nano-particles and an aluminum base body is poor, the nano-particles are prone to flocculation, a forming method is high in cost, a technological process is long, and shape control is poor. A preparing device comprises a vibration device, a thermocouple, a resistance furnace, a cover plate, a stirrer, a motor, a frame and a crucible. A preparing method includes the steps of preparing of 7075 aluminum alloy; ultrasonic cleaning; mixing and ultrasonic treatment; stirring and cooling; preparing of the semi-solid slurry. The forming device comprises templates, bolts, a heater, a pressing plate, a male mold, a fixing plate, a female mold sleeve, a female mold, a cavity and an ejector rod. The forming method includes the steps of preheating; heating; material feeding; pressurizing; taking and cooling. The forming device and method are suitable for preparing and forming the semi-solid slurry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to shaped device and the forming method of semi solid slurry, be the applying date be on November 27th, 2014, application number be 201410705946.8 " nano SiC granule strengthens the preparation of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries and shaped device and preparation and forming method " divisional application.
Background technology
There is due to nano-ceramic particle aluminum matrix composite a series of excellent properties such as low density, high specific strength and specific rigidity, high elastic coefficient, high-wearing feature, high heat conductance and low thermal coefficient of expansion, make it be subject to extensive concern in fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, communications and transportation, nuclear industry and weapon industries.Simultaneously, for adapting to the fundamental policy of country's " energy-conservation, reduce discharging, consumption reduction ", realize the sustainable, fast-developing of economy, the lightweight of structural part forward and high reliability develop rapidly, particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material is widely used in the complicated load bearing structure part in equipment manufacture.This just proposes requirements at the higher level to its forming technique.Wherein accurately control shape (shape of control texture part) and accurately the property controlled (mechanical property of control texture part) be most important two requirements.Accurate control shape refers to that this technology can completely be shaped desired structure part shape and dimensional precision meets design requirement.Accurate control refers to that this technology can not only ensure the mechanical property requirements of structural part and can make it have higher mechanical property.In numerous forming techniques of aluminum matrix composite structural part, with castmethod consumption less, technique simply, by part shape restriction and enjoy favor.But the technique of casting own easily brings many defects, its performance is made not easily to meet service requirements (control property is poor).For this reason, turn to forging processing, this just certainly will increase tooling cost, and technical process is long, and part shape can not too complexity (control shape poor).For this reason, fusions grafting must be carried out between casting with plastic working, seek a kind of operation provinces, handling ease, easily control shape and the property controlled and the not high novel method of cost.Semi-solid die casting technology has this advantage.Semi-solid die casting technology is a kind of precision, near-net-shape technology of overall merit inheriting casting, forging process, effectively can realize controlling the unification of shape and control property.Compared with traditional liquid die casting, semi-solid die casting technology has forming temperature low (liquid-solid phase warm area), die life long, homogeneous microstructure and mechanical property advantages of higher thereof; Compared with solid-state forging, its remarkable advantage is with the structural part of once-forming complex-shaped, the mechanical property of less power, lower cost close to forging level.
The semi-solid die casting technology of nanoparticle reinforced aluminum-based composite is an important development direction in current semi-solid processing field and aluminum matrix composite structural part manufacturing technology field.And how to prepare high-quality nanoparticle reinforced aluminum-based composite semi solid slurry be badly in need of in this technical development solve key issue.The main preparation methods of current particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material semi solid slurry is exactly powder metallurgic method and semi-solid mechanical stirring method.Although nano particle aluminum matrix composite prepared by powder metallurgy process has, interface cohesion is good, the advantage of even particle distribution, and it also obviously exists the shortcoming that preparation cost is high, be difficult to prepare large size semi-solid blank.Semi-solid Stirring utilizes the support of solid phase particles in semi solid slurry and the effect of setting off makes ceramic particle obtain certain dispersion, thus makes this technology more effective when ceramic particle is of a size of several microns to tens microns.But be decreased to nano-scale once wild phase size of particles, even if utilize Semi-solid Stirring, be also difficult to make nano particle obtain well dispersion and boundary moisture effect.Because the size of nano-particle reinforcement phase is minimum, this brings a lot of technical difficulty to the preparation of nanoparticle reinforced aluminum-based composite semi-solid blank and shaping, thus affects the quality of semi-solid blank and the structure property of thixotropic forming structural part.So, nanoparticle reinforced aluminum-based composite semi-solid die casting technology be developed, high quality semi-solid blank must be prepared.And high-quality nano particle aluminum base composite material semi-solid state blank will be prepared, first must solve the boundary moisture of nano particle and aluminum substrate, the flocculation (or cluster) of nano particle and the nodularization of aluminium solid phase particles, the technical bottleneck problem of refinement.
Summary of the invention
The interface wet ability that the grain reinforced aluminum matrix composites semi solid slurry that the object of the invention is to solve existing preparation exists nano particle and aluminum substrate is poor, nano particle easily flocculates, shaping method cost is high, the problem that technical process is long and control shape is poor, and the shaped device providing nano SiC granule to strengthen 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries and forming method.
The preparation facilities that nano SiC granule strengthens 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries comprises excusing from death rocking equipment, thermopair, resistance furnace, cover plate, agitator, motor, framework and crucible;
Described crucible is placed in resistance furnace; Cover plate covers on the upper surface of resistance furnace, and the mid-way of cover plate is provided with punching, and excusing from death rocking equipment or agitator, by the punching on cover plate, extend into crucible inside; The upper end of agitator is connected with motor, and motor and framework use bolt to be fixedly connected with.
Nano SiC granule strengthens the preparation method of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries, specifically prepares by the following method:
One, prepare liquid 7075 aluminium alloys: resistance furnace is warming up to 650 DEG C, then 7075 aluminium alloy extruded state blanks are put into crucible, then be incubated 10min ~ 16min at temperature is 650 DEG C, obtain liquid 7075 aluminium alloys;
Two, ultrasonic cleaning: take ethanol as clean-out system, by nano SiC granule ultrasonic cleaning 2min ~ 3min under power is 100W, then carries out drying, obtains the nano SiC granule after ultrasonic cleaning;
Three, mix, ultrasonic: the nano SiC granule after ultrasonic cleaning being joined temperature is in liquid state 7075 aluminium alloy of 650 DEG C, obtains the mixed molten liquid of nano SiC granule and 7075 aluminium alloys; Again excusing from death rocking equipment is placed in the mixed molten liquid of nano SiC granule and 7075 aluminium alloys, supersound process 19min ~ 22min;
The volume ratio of the mixed molten liquid of the volume of the nano SiC granule described in step 3 and nano SiC granule and 7075 aluminium alloys is (1.0 ~ 1.5): 100;
Four, stir, lower the temperature: excusing from death rocking equipment is removed, again agitator is placed in the mixed molten liquid of nano SiC granule and 7075 aluminium alloys, open motor, lower the temperature while stirring, obtaining temperature is the nano SiC granule of 618 DEG C ~ 621 DEG C and the mixed molten liquid of 7075 aluminium alloys;
Five, semi solid slurry is prepared: utilize agitator to be that the nano SiC granule of 618 DEG C ~ 621 DEG C and the mixed molten liquid of 7075 aluminium alloys carry out stirring 19min ~ 21min to temperature, obtain nano SiC particle reinforce 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurry;
Nano SiC granule described in step 5 strengthens 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries and is made up of liquid 7075 aluminium alloys, nano SiC granule and solid phase 7075 aluminium alloy crystal grain.
The building mortion that nano SiC granule strengthens 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries comprises lower bolster, the first bolt, well heater, pressing plate, punch, retaining plate, top plate, the second bolt, the 3rd bolt, die case, die, die cavity and push rod;
The lower surface of described top plate and the upper surface of retaining plate affixed, the upper end of punch to be contained in retaining plate and to be connected with the lower surface of top plate, and retaining plate is fixedly connected with top plate by the second bolt;
Described pressing plate is arranged on the upper surface of die and die case, and pressing plate is connected with die case by the 3rd bolt; The end face of pressing plate is provided with the punching just right with punch, and the lower end of punch through the punching on pressing plate, and is placed in die inside; Die is contained in die case; Die case is provided with well heater, and die and die case are fixed on the upper surface of lower bolster, and lower bolster is connected with die case by the first bolt; The end face of lower bolster is provided with the punching just right with punch, and the top of push rod is arranged in die, and the punching of lower bolster is passed in the bottom of push rod; Punch, die and top composition die cavity.
Nano SiC granule strengthens the manufacturing process of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries, specifically completes according to the following steps:
One, preheating: utilize well heater nano SiC granule to be strengthened the heating temperatures to 115 DEG C of the building mortion of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries ~ 135 DEG C, and then utilize spray gun that the aqueous solution lubricant containing graphite is sprayed on the surface of die cavity equably; The bottom of punch is extend into 95mm ~ 100mm in die by recycling hydropress;
Described in step one is 10% ~ 15% containing the massfraction of graphite in the aqueous solution of graphite;
The power of the well heater described in step one is 8kW ~ 9kW;
Two, heat: utilize well heater nano SiC granule to be strengthened the heating temperatures to 295 DEG C of the building mortion of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries ~ 305 DEG C, at temperature is 295 DEG C ~ 305 DEG C, be incubated 28min ~ 33min again, obtain the building mortion that the nano SiC granule after heating strengthens 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries;
Three, reinforced: to utilize pressing machine that punch and die are separated to 200mm ~ 250mm, then nano SiC granule is strengthened 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries and join in die cavity;
Four, pressurize: utilize pressing machine drive punch move down, with die matched moulds, then under pressure is 390MPa ~ 400MPa the dwell time be 90s ~ 100s; Now temperature remains on 295 DEG C ~ 305 DEG C always;
Five, take out, cool: utilize pressing machine to be moved up the bottom of push rod, make the nano SiC granule in die cavity strengthen 7075 aluminum matrix composite cylindrical member to eject from the punching pressing plate, be cooled to room temperature, obtain nano SiC granule and strengthen 7075 aluminum matrix composite cartridge type parts.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
One, the cavitation effect first utilizing ultrasonic processing apparatus to produce in the ultrasonic wave added Semi-solid Stirring method that the present invention proposes and acoustic streaming effect achieve once dispersed (i.e. nano particle dispersed of cavitation effect and acoustic streaming effect generation) of nano-ceramic particle and the once stirring (i.e. the stirring of the semi solid slurry of acoustic streaming effect realization) of aluminum substrate semi solid slurry;
Two, the present invention uses mechanical stirring spiral to realize the Semi-solid Stirring of high strength, thus make the aluminium solid-phase grain in semi solid slurry tiny, evenly and nodularization degree is high, realize the secondary stirring (i.e. mechanical spiral stirring) of aluminum substrate semi solid slurry; Solid phase particles in the aluminium alloy semi-solid slurry that the present invention utilizes mechanical stirring to obtain effectively supports nano-ceramic particle and sets off, realize nano-ceramic particle secondary uniform dispersion (namely solid phase particles support and set off nano particle dispersed of realization);
Three, the dual dispersion that nanometer reinforced aluminum matrix composites system is produced of solid-state stirring and supersound process and Double stirring effect extremely important for preparing high quality large-sized nanoparticle reinforced aluminum-based composite semisolid blank; It effectively can solve the technical bottleneck problem such as grain refining and nodularization of solid phase particles in the boundary moisture of nano particle and aluminum substrate, the flocculation of nano particle and aluminum substrate;
Four, the present invention utilizes on this basis, prepare high-quality nano SiC granule and strengthen 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries, and carry out semi-solid rheological molding, thus realize the figuration manufacture that high performance nano SiC granule strengthens 7075 aluminum matrix composite cartridge type parts;
Five, the present invention's research has great importance for the application of promotion semi-solid die casting technology in the shaping of nano particle aluminum based composite material structure part; Meanwhile, by the manufacture and exploit to this technical study and related die thereof, in conjunction with concrete technology experiment and the optimization of process parameter, for the manufacturing of Aeronautics and Astronautics, traffic and transport field aluminum matrix composite structural part provides strong technical support.
The present invention is applicable to prepare semi solid slurry and shaping.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 strengthens the preparation facilities structural representation of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries for the nano SiC granule described in embodiment three step 3; In Fig. 1,1 is rocking equipment, and 2 is thermopair, and 3 is liquid 7075 aluminium alloys, and 4 is nano SiC granule;
Fig. 2 strengthens the preparation facilities structural representation of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries for the nano SiC granule described in embodiment three step 4; In Fig. 2,5 is resistance furnace, and 6 is cover plate, and 7 is agitator, and 8 is motor, and 9 is framework, and 10 is crucible, and 11 is solid phase 7075 aluminium alloy crystal grain;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of crucible in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 strengthens the building mortion structural representation of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries for the nano SiC granule described in embodiment five; In Fig. 3,21 is lower bolster, and 22 is the first bolt, and 23 is well heater, and 24 is pressing plate, and 25 is punch, and 26 is retaining plate, and 27 is top plate, and 28 is the second bolt, and 29 is the 3rd bolt, and 30 is die case, and 31 is die, and 32 is die cavity, and 33 is push rod;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of Fig. 4 convex mould;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of die in Fig. 4;
Fig. 7 is the vertical view of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of push rod in figure;
Fig. 9 is the microscopic appearance figure of the nano SiC particle reinforce 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurry obtained in test one step 5;
Figure 10 is that to strengthen 7075 aluminum matrix composite cartridge type parts are digital photograph figure for nano SiC granule that test two step 5 obtains.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: present embodiment is that the preparation facilities that nano SiC granule strengthens 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries comprises excusing from death rocking equipment 1, thermopair 2, resistance furnace 5, cover plate 6, agitator 7, motor 8, framework 9 and crucible 10;
Described crucible 10 is placed in resistance furnace 5; Cover plate 6 covers on the upper surface of resistance furnace 5, and the mid-way of cover plate 6 is provided with punching, and excusing from death rocking equipment 1 or agitator 7, by the punching on cover plate 6, extend into crucible 10 inner; The upper end of agitator 7 is connected with motor 8, and motor 8 uses bolt to be fixedly connected with framework 9.
Embodiment two: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is: described crucible 10 is manufactured by molybdenum alloy material, the method for manufacture adopts powder metallurgy process; The external diameter of crucible 10 is 160mm, and internal diameter is 140mm, is highly 360mm, and bottom wall thickness is 20mm; The liner material of resistance furnace 5 is SiC ceramic material.Other are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: present embodiment is that the preparation method that nano SiC granule strengthens 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries is specifically prepared by the following method:
One, prepare liquid 7075 aluminium alloys: resistance furnace 5 is warming up to 650 DEG C, then 7075 aluminium alloy extruded state blanks are put into crucible 10, then be incubated 10min ~ 16min at temperature is 650 DEG C, obtain liquid 7075 aluminium alloys;
Two, ultrasonic cleaning: take ethanol as clean-out system, by nano SiC granule ultrasonic cleaning 2min ~ 3min under power is 100W, then carries out drying, obtains the nano SiC granule after ultrasonic cleaning;
Three, mix, ultrasonic: the nano SiC granule after ultrasonic cleaning being joined temperature is in liquid state 7075 aluminium alloy of 650 DEG C, obtains the mixed molten liquid of nano SiC granule and 7075 aluminium alloys; Again excusing from death rocking equipment 1 is placed in the mixed molten liquid of nano SiC granule and 7075 aluminium alloys, supersound process 19min ~ 22min;
The volume ratio of the mixed molten liquid of the volume of the nano SiC granule described in step 3 and nano SiC granule and 7075 aluminium alloys is (1.0 ~ 1.5): 100;
Four, stir, lower the temperature: excusing from death rocking equipment 1 is removed, again agitator 7 is placed in the mixed molten liquid of nano SiC granule and 7075 aluminium alloys, open motor 8, lower the temperature while stirring, obtaining temperature is the nano SiC granule of 618 DEG C ~ 621 DEG C and the mixed molten liquid of 7075 aluminium alloys;
Five, semi solid slurry is prepared: utilize agitator 7 pairs of temperature to be that the nano SiC granule of 618 DEG C ~ 621 DEG C and the mixed molten liquid of 7075 aluminium alloys carry out stirring 19min ~ 21min, obtain nano SiC particle reinforce 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurry;
Nano SiC granule described in step 5 strengthens 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries and is made up of liquid 7075 aluminium alloys, nano SiC granule and solid phase 7075 aluminium alloy crystal grain.
Embodiment four: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment three is: in step one, resistance furnace 5 is warming up to 650 DEG C, then 7075 aluminium alloy extruded state blanks are put into crucible 10, at temperature is 650 DEG C, be incubated 10min again, obtain liquid 7075 alloys; In step 3, excusing from death rocking equipment 1 is placed in the mixed molten liquid of nano SiC granule and 7075 alloys, supersound process 20min; The volume ratio of the mixed molten liquid of the volume of the nano SiC granule described in step 3 and nano SiC granule and 7075 aluminium alloys is 1.0:100; Utilize agitator 7 pairs of temperature to be that the nano SiC granule of 618 DEG C ~ 621 DEG C and the mixed molten liquid of 7075 alloys carry out stirring 20min in step 5, obtain nano SiC particle reinforce 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurry.Other are identical with embodiment three.
Embodiment five: present embodiment is that the building mortion that nano SiC granule strengthens 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries comprises lower bolster 21, first bolt 22, well heater 23, pressing plate 24, punch 25, retaining plate 26, top plate 27, second bolt 28, the 3rd bolt 29, die case 30, die 31, die cavity 32 and push rod 33;
The lower surface of described top plate 27 and the upper surface of retaining plate 26 affixed, the upper end of punch 25 to be contained in retaining plate 26 and to be connected with the lower surface of top plate 27, and retaining plate 26 is fixedly connected with top plate 27 by the second bolt 28;
Described pressing plate 24 is arranged on the upper surface of die 31 and die case 30, and pressing plate 24 is connected with die case 30 by the 3rd bolt 29; The end face of pressing plate 24 is provided with the punching just right with punch 25, and the lower end of punch 25 is through the punching on pressing plate 24, and it is inner to be placed in die 31; Die 31 is contained in die case 30; Die case 30 is provided with well heater 23, and die 31 and die case 30 are fixed on the upper surface of lower bolster 21, and lower bolster 21 is connected with die case 30 by the first bolt 22; The end face of lower bolster 21 is provided with the punching just right with punch 25, and the top of push rod 33 is arranged in die 31, and the punching of lower bolster 21 is passed in the bottom of push rod 33; Punch 25, die 31 and push rod 33 form die cavity 32.
Embodiment six: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment five is: the length of described punch 25 is 260mm, the most outside diameter that punch 25 is contained in retaining plate 26 is 130mm, smallest end diameter is 100mm, the outside diameter that punch 25 coordinates with die 31 is 80mm, length is 68mm, and small end has 1 ° of draw taper.Other are identical with embodiment four.
Embodiment seven: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment five or six is: the length of described die 31 is 240mm, the outside diameter of die 31 is 200mm, large end becomes 3 ° of gradients with small end, the section diameter that die 31 contacts with punch 25 is 80mm, the outside diameter contacted with push rod 33 is 76mm, and end diameter is 60mm.Other are identical with embodiment five or six.
Embodiment eight: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment five to seven is: the length of described push rod 33 is 270mm, and the outside diameter contacted with die 31 is 76mm, and end diameter is 60mm.Other are identical with embodiment five to seven.
Embodiment nine: present embodiment is that the manufacturing process that nano SiC granule strengthens 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries specifically completes according to the following steps:
One, preheating: utilize well heater 23 nano SiC granule to be strengthened the heating temperatures to 115 DEG C of the building mortion of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries ~ 135 DEG C, and then utilize spray gun that the aqueous solution lubricant containing graphite is sprayed on the surface of die cavity 32 equably; The bottom of punch 25 is extend into 95mm ~ 100mm in die 11 by recycling hydropress;
Described in step one is 10% ~ 15% containing the massfraction of graphite in the aqueous solution of graphite;
The power of the well heater 23 described in step one is 8kW ~ 9kW;
Two, heat: utilize well heater 23 nano SiC granule to be strengthened the heating temperatures to 295 DEG C of the building mortion of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries ~ 305 DEG C, at temperature is 295 DEG C ~ 305 DEG C, be incubated 28min ~ 33min again, obtain the building mortion that the nano SiC granule after heating strengthens 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries;
Three, reinforced: to utilize pressing machine that punch 25 and die 31 are separated to 200mm ~ 250mm, then nano SiC granule is strengthened 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries and join in die cavity 32;
Four, pressurize: utilize pressing machine drive punch 25 move down, with die 31 matched moulds, then under pressure is 390MPa ~ 400MPa the dwell time be 90s ~ 100s; Now temperature remains on 295 DEG C ~ 305 DEG C always;
Five, take out, cool: utilize pressing machine to be moved up the bottom of push rod 33, make the nano SiC granule in die cavity 32 strengthen 7075 aluminum matrix composite cylindrical member to eject from the punching pressing plate 24, be cooled to room temperature, obtain nano SiC granule and strengthen 7075 aluminum matrix composite cartridge type parts.
The beneficial effect of present embodiment is:
One, the cavitation effect first utilizing ultrasonic processing apparatus to produce in the ultrasonic wave added Semi-solid Stirring method that embodiment proposes and acoustic streaming effect achieve once dispersed (i.e. nano particle dispersed of cavitation effect and acoustic streaming effect generation) of nano-ceramic particle and the once stirring (i.e. the stirring of the semi solid slurry of acoustic streaming effect realization) of aluminum substrate semi solid slurry;
Two, present embodiment uses mechanical stirring spiral to realize the Semi-solid Stirring of high strength, thus make the aluminium solid-phase grain in semi solid slurry tiny, evenly and nodularization degree is high, realize the secondary stirring (i.e. mechanical spiral stirring) of aluminum substrate semi solid slurry; Solid phase particles in the aluminium alloy semi-solid slurry that present embodiment utilizes mechanical stirring to obtain effectively supports nano-ceramic particle and sets off, realize nano-ceramic particle secondary uniform dispersion (namely solid phase particles support and set off nano particle dispersed of realization);
Three, the dual dispersion that nanometer reinforced aluminum matrix composites system is produced of solid-state stirring and supersound process and Double stirring effect extremely important for preparing high quality large-sized nanoparticle reinforced aluminum-based composite semisolid blank; It effectively can solve the technical bottleneck problem such as grain refining and nodularization of solid phase particles in the boundary moisture of nano particle and aluminum substrate, the flocculation of nano particle and aluminum substrate;
Four, present embodiment utilizes on this basis, prepare high-quality nano SiC granule and strengthen 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries, and carry out semi-solid rheological molding, thus realize the figuration manufacture that high performance nano SiC granule strengthens 7075 aluminum matrix composite cartridge type parts;
Five, present embodiment research has great importance for the application of promotion semi-solid die casting technology in the shaping of nano particle aluminum based composite material structure part; Meanwhile, by the manufacture and exploit to this technical study and related die thereof, in conjunction with concrete technology experiment and the optimization of process parameter, for the manufacturing of Aeronautics and Astronautics, traffic and transport field aluminum matrix composite structural part provides strong technical support.
Present embodiment is applicable to prepare semi solid slurry and shaping.
Embodiment ten: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment nine is: utilize well heater (23) nano SiC granule to be strengthened the heating temperatures to 300 DEG C of the building mortion of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries in step 2, at temperature is 300 DEG C, be incubated 28min ~ 33min again, obtain the building mortion that the nano SiC granule after heating strengthens 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries; Utilize in step 4 pressing machine drive punch (25) move down, with die (31) matched moulds, then under pressure is 398MPa the dwell time be 90s ~ 100s; Now temperature remains on 300 DEG C always.Other steps are identical with embodiment nine.
Adopt following verification experimental verification beneficial effect of the present invention:
Test one: the preparation facilities that nano SiC granule strengthens 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries comprises excusing from death rocking equipment 1, thermopair 2, resistance furnace 5, cover plate 6, agitator 7, motor 8, framework 9 and crucible 10;
Described crucible 10 is placed in resistance furnace 5; Cover plate 6 covers on the upper surface of resistance furnace 5, and the mid-way of cover plate 6 is provided with punching, and excusing from death rocking equipment 1 or agitator 7, by the punching on cover plate 6, extend into crucible 10 inner; The upper end of agitator 7 is connected with motor 8, and motor 8 uses bolt to be fixedly connected with framework 9.
Described crucible 10 is manufactured by molybdenum alloy material, and the method for manufacture adopts powder metallurgy process; The external diameter of crucible 10 is 160mm, and internal diameter is 140mm, is highly 360mm, and bottom wall thickness is 20mm; The liner material of resistance furnace 5 is SiC ceramic material;
Nano SiC granule strengthens the preparation method of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries, specifically prepares by the following method:
One, prepare liquid 7075 aluminium alloys: resistance furnace 5 is warming up to 650 DEG C, then 7075 aluminium alloy extruded state blanks are put into crucible 10, then be incubated 10min at temperature is 650 DEG C, obtain liquid 7075 aluminium alloys;
Two, ultrasonic cleaning: take ethanol as clean-out system, by nano SiC granule ultrasonic cleaning 2min under power is 100W, then carries out drying, obtains the nano SiC granule after ultrasonic cleaning;
Three, mix, ultrasonic: the nano SiC granule after ultrasonic cleaning being joined temperature is in liquid state 7075 aluminium alloy of 650 DEG C, obtains the mixed molten liquid of nano SiC granule and 7075 aluminium alloys; Again excusing from death rocking equipment 1 is placed in the mixed molten liquid of nano SiC granule and 7075 aluminium alloys, supersound process 20min;
The volume ratio of the mixed molten liquid of the volume of the nano SiC granule described in step 3 and nano SiC granule and 7075 aluminium alloys is 1.0:100;
Four, stir, lower the temperature: excusing from death rocking equipment 1 is removed, again agitator 7 is placed in the mixed molten liquid of nano SiC granule and 7075 aluminium alloys, open motor 8, lower the temperature while stirring, obtaining temperature is the nano SiC granule of 620 DEG C and the mixed molten liquid of 7075 aluminium alloys;
Five, semi solid slurry is prepared: utilize agitator 7 pairs of temperature to be that the nano SiC granule of 620 DEG C and the mixed molten liquid of 7075 aluminium alloys carry out stirring 20min, obtain nano SiC particle reinforce 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurry;
Nano SiC granule described in step 5 strengthens 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries and is made up of liquid 7075 aluminium alloys, nano SiC granule and solid phase 7075 aluminium alloy crystal grain.
Metaloscope instrument is used to test the nano SiC particle reinforce 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurry that test one obtains, as shown in Figure 9, Fig. 9 is the microscopic appearance figure of the nano SiC particle reinforce 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurry obtained in test one step 5; As can be seen from Figure 9, the microtexture solid-phase grain nodularization degree testing nano SiC particle reinforce 7075 aluminum matrix composite obtained in a step 5 is better, grain-size is tiny, and average grain size is about 30 microns, and in microtexture tissue, solid-phase grain is evenly distributed.
Test two: the building mortion that nano SiC granule strengthens 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries comprises lower bolster 21, first bolt 22, well heater 23, pressing plate 24, punch 25, retaining plate 26, top plate 27, second bolt 28, the 3rd bolt 29, die case 30, die 31, die cavity 32 and push rod 33;
The lower surface of described top plate 27 and the upper surface of retaining plate 26 affixed, the upper end of punch 25 to be contained in retaining plate 26 and to be connected with the lower surface of top plate 27, and retaining plate 26 is fixedly connected with top plate 27 by the second bolt 28;
Described pressing plate 24 is arranged on the upper surface of die 31 and die case 30, and pressing plate 24 is connected with die case 30 by the 3rd bolt 29; The end face of pressing plate 24 is provided with the punching just right with punch 25, and the lower end of punch 25 is through the punching on pressing plate 24, and it is inner to be placed in die 31; Die 31 is contained in die case 30; Die case 30 is provided with well heater 23, and die 31 and die case 30 are fixed on the upper surface of lower bolster 21, and lower bolster 21 is connected with die case 30 by the first bolt 22; The end face of lower bolster 21 is provided with the punching just right with punch 25, and the top of push rod 33 is arranged in die 31, and the punching of lower bolster 21 is passed in the bottom of push rod 33; Punch 25, die 31 and push rod 33 form die cavity 32;
The length of described punch 25 is 260mm, and the most outside diameter that punch 25 is contained in retaining plate 26 is 130mm, and smallest end diameter is 100mm, and the outside diameter that punch 25 coordinates with die 31 is 80mm, and length is 68mm, and small end has 1 ° of draw taper;
The length of described die 31 is 240mm, and the outside diameter of die 31 is 200mm, and hold greatly and become 3 ° of gradients with small end, the section diameter that die 31 contacts with punch 25 is 80mm, and the outside diameter contacted with push rod 33 is 76mm, and end diameter is 60mm;
The length of described push rod 33 is 270mm, and the outside diameter contacted with die 31 is 76mm, and end diameter is 60mm;
Nano SiC granule strengthens that the manufacturing process of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries specifically completes according to the following steps:
One, preheating: utilize well heater 23 nano SiC granule to be strengthened the heating temperatures to 125 DEG C of the building mortion of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries, and then utilize spray gun that the aqueous solution lubricant containing graphite is sprayed on the surface of die cavity 32 equably; The bottom of punch 25 is extend into 100mm in die 11 by recycling hydropress;
Described in step one is 15% containing the massfraction of graphite in the aqueous solution of graphite;
The power of the well heater 23 described in step one is 8kW;
Two, heat: utilize well heater 23 nano SiC granule to be strengthened the heating temperatures to 300 DEG C of the building mortion of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries, at temperature is 300 DEG C, be incubated 28min ~ 33min again, obtain the building mortion that the nano SiC granule after heating strengthens 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries;
Three, reinforced: to utilize pressing machine that punch 25 and die 31 are separated to 225mm, then nano SiC granule is strengthened 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries and join in die cavity 32;
Four, pressurize: utilize pressing machine drive punch 25 move down, with die 31 matched moulds, then under pressure is 398MPa the dwell time be 95s; Now temperature remains on 300 DEG C always;
Five, take out, cool: utilize pressing machine to be moved up the bottom of push rod 33, make the nano SiC granule in die cavity 32 strengthen 7075 aluminum matrix composite cylindrical member to eject from the punching pressing plate 24, be cooled to room temperature, obtain nano SiC granule and strengthen 7075 aluminum matrix composite cartridge type parts.
Use digital camera to strengthen 7075 aluminum matrix composite cartridge type parts to the nano SiC granule that test two step 5 obtains to take pictures, as shown in Figure 10, Figure 10 is that to strengthen 7075 aluminum matrix composite cartridge type parts are digital photograph figure for nano SiC granule that test two step 5 obtains; The nano SiC granule utilizing excusing from death semi-solid state assistant stirring means to prepare as can be seen from Figure 10 strengthens 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries can go out the composite drum shaped piece of great surface quality by semi-solid rheological molding.
Claims (6)
1. nano SiC granule strengthens the building mortion of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries, it is characterized in that the building mortion that nano SiC granule strengthens 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries comprises lower bolster (21), the first bolt (22), well heater (23), pressing plate (24), punch (25), retaining plate (26), top plate (27), the second bolt (28), the 3rd bolt (29), die case (30), die (31), die cavity (32) and push rod (33);
The lower surface of described top plate (27) and the upper surface of retaining plate (26) affixed, the upper end of punch (25) to be contained in retaining plate (26) and to be connected with the lower surface of top plate (27), and retaining plate (26) is fixedly connected with top plate (27) by the second bolt (28);
Described pressing plate (24) is arranged on the upper surface of die (31) and die case (30), and pressing plate (24) is connected with die case (30) by the 3rd bolt (29); The end face of pressing plate (24) is provided with the punching just right with punch (25), and the lower end of punch (25) is through the punching on pressing plate (24), and it is inner to be placed in die (31); Die (31) is contained in die case (30); Die case (30) is provided with well heater (23), die (31) and die case (30) are fixed on the upper surface of lower bolster (21), and lower bolster (21) is connected with die case (30) by the first bolt (22); The end face of lower bolster (21) is provided with the punching just right with punch (25), the top of push rod (33) is arranged in die (31), and the punching of lower bolster (21) is passed in the bottom of push rod (33); Punch (25), die (31) and push rod (33) composition die cavity (32).
2. nano SiC granule according to claim 1 strengthens the building mortion of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries, the length that it is characterized in that described punch (25) is 260mm, the most outside diameter that punch (25) is contained in retaining plate (26) is 130mm, smallest end diameter is 100mm, the outside diameter that punch (25) coordinates with die (31) is 80mm, length is 68mm, and small end has 1 ° of draw taper.
3. nano SiC granule according to claim 1 strengthens the building mortion of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries, the length that it is characterized in that described die (31) is 240mm, the outside diameter of die (31) is 200mm, large end becomes 3 ° of gradients with small end, the section diameter that die (31) contacts with punch (25) is 80mm, the outside diameter contacted with push rod (33) is 76mm, and end diameter is 60mm.
4. nano SiC granule according to claim 1 strengthens the building mortion of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries, the length that it is characterized in that described push rod (33) is 270mm, the outside diameter contacted with die (31) is 76mm, and end diameter is 60mm.
5. nano SiC granule strengthens the manufacturing process of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries, it is characterized in that nano SiC granule strengthens that the manufacturing process of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries specifically completes according to the following steps:
One, preheating: utilize well heater (23) nano SiC granule to be strengthened the heating temperatures to 115 DEG C of the building mortion of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries ~ 135 DEG C, and then utilize spray gun that the aqueous solution lubricant containing graphite is sprayed on the surface of die cavity (32) equably; The bottom of punch (25) is extend into die (11) interior 95mm ~ 100mm by recycling hydropress;
Described in step one is 10% ~ 15% containing the massfraction of graphite in the aqueous solution of graphite;
The power of the well heater (23) described in step one is 8kW ~ 9kW;
Two, heat: utilize well heater (23) nano SiC granule to be strengthened the heating temperatures to 295 DEG C of the building mortion of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries ~ 305 DEG C, at temperature is 295 DEG C ~ 305 DEG C, be incubated 28min ~ 33min again, obtain the building mortion that the nano SiC granule after heating strengthens 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries;
Three, reinforced: to utilize pressing machine that punch (25) and die (31) are separated to 200mm ~ 250mm, then nano SiC granule is strengthened 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries and join in die cavity (32);
Four, pressurize: utilize pressing machine drive punch (25) move down, with die (31) matched moulds, then under pressure is 390MPa ~ 400MPa the dwell time be 90s ~ 100s; Now temperature remains on 295 DEG C ~ 305 DEG C always;
Five, take out, cool: utilize pressing machine to be moved up the bottom of push rod (33), make the nano SiC granule in die cavity (32) strengthen 7075 aluminum matrix composite cylindrical member to eject from the punching pressing plate (24), be cooled to room temperature, obtain nano SiC granule and strengthen 7075 aluminum matrix composite cartridge type parts.
6. nano SiC granule according to claim 5 strengthens the manufacturing process of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries, it is characterized in that in step 2, utilizing well heater (23) nano SiC granule to be strengthened the heating temperatures to 300 DEG C of the building mortion of 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries, at temperature is 300 DEG C, be incubated 28min ~ 33min again, obtain the building mortion that the nano SiC granule after heating strengthens 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurries; Utilize in step 4 pressing machine drive punch (25) move down, with die (31) matched moulds, then under pressure is 398MPa the dwell time be 90s ~ 100s; Now temperature remains on 300 DEG C always.
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Application publication date: 20160309 Assignee: JIANGSU SUMEC WHEEL Co.,Ltd. Assignor: HARBIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Contract record no.: X2020230000062 Denomination of invention: Forming device and method of nano SiC particle reinforced 7075 aluminum matrix composite semi solid slurry Granted publication date: 20170728 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20201228 |
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