CN105383305A - 列车车辆供电电路 - Google Patents

列车车辆供电电路 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105383305A
CN105383305A CN201510849983.0A CN201510849983A CN105383305A CN 105383305 A CN105383305 A CN 105383305A CN 201510849983 A CN201510849983 A CN 201510849983A CN 105383305 A CN105383305 A CN 105383305A
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China
Prior art keywords
power supply
traction
input end
rectifier
locomotive
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CN201510849983.0A
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Inventor
张丽红
杨守君
郝凤荣
李新
张彦民
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CRRC Dalian Co Ltd
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CNR Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201510849983.0A priority Critical patent/CN105383305A/zh
Publication of CN105383305A publication Critical patent/CN105383305A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L5/00—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L5/18—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles using bow-type collectors in contact with trolley wire
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H02M3/33523—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33592—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种列车车辆供电电路，机车牵引变压器的输出端与牵引整流器的输入端连接，牵引整流器的输出端与供电逆变器的输入端连接，供电逆变器的输出端与隔离变压器的输入端连接，隔离变压器的输出端与供电整流器的输入端连接，供电整流器的输出端输出直流电压供电。该电路由于是在主变流器的直流环节取电，在直流环节之前是采用的四象限技术，可以保证机车的功率因数接近于1.0，减少了等效干扰电流，降低了电磁干扰，达到了绿色环保的目的。机车在过分相区时，通过牵引电动机的再生制动，向中间直流回路馈电，这样该供电电路将一直有电，可以保证了列车车辆不间断供电。

Description

列车车辆供电电路
技术领域
本发明涉及一种供电电路，尤其涉及一种用于列车车辆的供电电路，属于机车车辆领域。
背景技术
我国前期电力机车牵引旅客列车时，为了保证列车车辆照明、取暖、加热炉、空调等供电，在列车中编有向列车供电的供电车。为了提高列车运行的经济性，后续开发了列车供电装置，机车可以实现向列车车辆提供DC600V电源。
随着交流传动技术和控制技术的发展，机车的再生制动技术和逆变技术已经成熟，并在我国开始大量采用和应用。从而也为新的供电方式提供了基础。
以HXD3C机车为例，该机车的列车供电电路是通过接触网受流，经牵引变压器次边输出860V单相交流电，然后通过相控整流，最后经过滤波向列车车辆提供DC600V电源。电路连接为，牵引变压器的列车供电绕组输出端与相控整流器的输入端连接，相控整流器的输出端将输出直流电压供电。
现有的供电电路存在以下缺点：
(1)功率因数低
由于采用相控整流技术，功率因数低，最高达到0.9。
(2)过分相期间需要断电
目前的机车通过分相区时，由于分相区区间接触网没有电压，机车将分断主断路器，牵引变压器失电，列车供电电路将失去电源，不能向列车车辆供电，车辆中的加热器、空调等将停止工作。
发明内容
本发明是针对现有的列车车辆供电电路的不足，为改善功率因数和过分相不能连续供电的问题，尽量降低重量和成本，并向列车车辆提供相同标准的直流600V电源。本发明提出了一种新型的向列车车辆供电的电路。
这种列车车辆供电电路，机车牵引变压器的输出端与牵引整流器的输入端连接，牵引整流器的输出端与供电逆变器的输入端连接，供电逆变器的输出端与隔离变压器的输入端连接，隔离变压器的输出端与供电整流器的输入端连接，供电整流器的输出端输出直流电压供电。
所述的牵引整流器为四象限整流器。
所述的供电逆变器为三相逆变器。
所述的隔离变压器为三相隔离变压器。
所述的供电整流器采用二极管三相桥式整流电路。
本发明优点在于：该电路由于是在主变流器的直流环节取电，在直流环节之前是采用的四象限变流技术，可以保证机车的功率因数接近于1.0，减少了等效干扰电流，降低了电磁干扰，达到了绿色环保的目的。
另外机车在过分相区时，通过牵引电动机的再生制动，向中间直流回路馈电，这样该供电电路将一直有电，可以保证了列车车辆不间断供电。
附图说明
图1为列车车辆供电电路的电路原理图。
图2为列车车辆供电电路的电路图。
图3为列车控制示意图。
附图标记如下：1-牵引变压器，2-四象限整流器，3-牵引逆变器，4-牵引电动机，5-供电逆变器，6-隔离变压器，7-供电整流器，IN-电流输入端，OUT-供电端，OUT1-向列车供电1，OUT2-向列车供电2，A-主变流器1，B-主变流器2。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对列车车辆供电电路进行进一步说明。
这种列车车辆供电电路，如图1所示，列车牵引变压器的输出端与牵引整流器的输入端连接，牵引整流器的输出端与供电逆变器的输入端连接，供电逆变器的输出端与隔离变压器的输入端连接，隔离变压器的输出端与供电整流器的输入端连接，供电整流器的输出端输出直流电压供电。
如图2所示所述的牵引整流器2为四象限整流器。所述的供电逆变器5为三相逆变器。所述的隔离变压器6为三相隔离变压器。所述的供电整流器7采用二极管三相桥式整流电路。
如图2所示，在主变流器A和主变流器B内部分别增加一组列车供电电路，列车供电电路的输出端OUT1和OUT2分别向列车提供DC600V电压。两个主变流器的工作原理相同，以主变流器A为例进行说明。列车供电逆变器5输入端直接从主变流器的直流环节取电，并将主变流器三组直流环节并联，该直流电压经三相供电逆变器5逆变后，输出三相交流电，经隔离变压器6高频隔离降压后，与现有技术中的三组牵引变流环节完全隔离，经供电整流器整流后向列车供电。这样机车的牵引回路就和列车车辆的供电回路进行了分离。该电路是通过机车受电弓受流后，受电弓将电流输出给牵引变压器1原边，经牵引变压器1降压，在牵引变压器1的次边感应出AC1450V电压，该电压通过四象限整流器2后斩波成稳定的DC2800V电压，该直流电压通过三相供电逆变器5逆变后输出2150V三相交流电，并送至隔离变压器6，隔离变压器6将电压降至AC459V，该电压通过供电整流器自然换流后输出稳定的DC600V电压。
如图3列车控制示意图所示，当负载变动后，通过供电整流器直流侧的电压传感器检测直流回路输出电压，反馈到列车供电逆变器控制装置，控制列车供电逆变器的输出电压大小，进一步控制直流输出电压，使输出电压稳定在DC600V。由于采用了隔离变压器6，这样机车的牵引回路就和列车车辆的供电回路进行了分离，不会由于车辆的接地等故障造成机车牵引回路不能工作，同时也能分辨出是机车接地还是车辆接地故障，达到快速判断和处理故障。
由于机车供电电路的电压取自牵引变流器的直流环节，这样列车供电电路属于四象限整流负载电路的一部分。而四象限技术可以保证机车原边受电弓接触网功率因数接近于1.0，减少等效干扰电流和电磁污染，更加环保。采用此电路后，机车在通过分相区时，主断路器断开，不能从接触网上受流。但由于此电路接在直流中间回路，并且机车在过分相区时具有一定的速度，可以采用再生制动的方式，将牵引电动机4作为发电机运行，牵引逆变器3作为整流器工作，这样由牵引电动机4发出的电通过牵引逆变器4整流后送给中间直流环节，再通过列车供电逆变器、隔离变压器、供电整流器后，向列车供电，实现在机车过分相区时不间断向列车车辆供电。减少了车辆空调、加热器等频繁启动，延长了寿命，为旅客提供良好、舒适的环境。

Claims (5)

1.一种列车车辆供电电路，其特征在于：机车牵引变压器的输出端与牵引整流器的输入端连接，牵引整流器的输出端与供电逆变器的输入端连接，供电逆变器的输出端与隔离变压器的输入端连接，隔离变压器的输出端与供电整流器的输入端连接，供电整流器的输出端输出直流电压供电。
2.根据权利要求1所述的列车车辆供电电路，其特征在于：所述的牵引整流器为四象限整流器。
3.根据权利要求1所述的列车车辆供电电路，其特征在于：所述的供电逆变器为三相逆变器。
4.根据权利要求1所述的列车车辆供电电路，其特征在于：所述的隔离变压器为三相隔离变压器。
5.根据权利要求1所述的列车车辆供电电路，其特征在于：所述的供电整流器采用二极管三相桥式整流电路。
CN201510849983.0A 2015-11-28 2015-11-28 列车车辆供电电路 Pending CN105383305A (zh)

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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109624793A (zh) * 2018-12-17 2019-04-16 北京交通大学 一种智能化自动过分相的方法
CN110116634A (zh) * 2018-02-05 2019-08-13 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 用于地面自动过分相的列车控制方法及装置

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110116634A (zh) * 2018-02-05 2019-08-13 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 用于地面自动过分相的列车控制方法及装置
CN109624793A (zh) * 2018-12-17 2019-04-16 北京交通大学 一种智能化自动过分相的方法

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