CN105372462B - Multi-waveform impulse current generator - Google Patents
Multi-waveform impulse current generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN105372462B CN105372462B CN201510565919.XA CN201510565919A CN105372462B CN 105372462 B CN105372462 B CN 105372462B CN 201510565919 A CN201510565919 A CN 201510565919A CN 105372462 B CN105372462 B CN 105372462B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of multi-waveform impulse current generator, including charhing unit, energy-storage units, gap switch unit, at least one first wave regulating resistor, the second wave regulating resistor, inductance, the adaptive Crowbar switch unit of non-gap type and determinand microscope carrier, the charhing unit is connected to energy-storage units, and the adaptive Crowbar switch unit of concatenated non-gap type, the second wave regulating resistor is in parallel with energy-storage units and is located between the gap switch unit of inductance and series connection, the first wave regulating resistor；The adaptive Crowbar switch unit of non-gap type includes high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor component and support frame, and the high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor component is made of first diode, the second diode and connecting plate；It is spaced between inductance side discharge ball and high voltage induction side conductive plate, and inductance side discharge ball is fixed on elevating lever one end.The present invention can realize output long wave coda wave shape using lesser capacitor, can be applied to I class thunder and lightning waveform, and long wave tail slide hits current wave, and A wave, the D wave of directly lightning effects waveform, improves capacitor utilization efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to surge protector the field of test technology more particularly to a kind of multi-waveform impulse current generators.
Background technique
Thunder and lightning is the natural electric discharge phenomena of one of nature.After thunder and lightning occurs, pass through electrostatic induction and electromagnetic induction
It acts on, lightning surge will be formed in communication line.Multi-waveform impulse current generator is mainly used in the hair of simulation lightning current
Raw device is mainly used for simulating I grades of thunder and lightning (direct thunder and lightning) current waves to generate the pulse current waveform of high current long duration
10/350 μ s of shape, the 10/1000 isometric wave rear of μ s of the direct lightning effects test waveform A component of aircraft, D component and power power-supply
The generator of waveform.
There are mainly two types of multi-waveform impulse current generators currently on the market, and one is the CRL based on traditional technology to put
Electrical circuit, another kind are the Crowbar discharge loops for extend using clearance type Crowbar switch wave rear,
The first solution principle is as shown in Fig. 1, using traditional CRL discharge loop, that is, passes through bulky capacitor energy storage, moment
It is discharged by inductance and wave regulating resistor, forms the output waveform of high current, but this method relies primarily on the resistance R in circuit and formed
Overdamp discharge loop, impedance loop is big, the disadvantage is that the storage capacitor C of large capacity is needed,
Second scheme is as shown in Fig. 2, greatly reduces the capacity of storage capacitor, working principle as shown in Fig. 2,
After main capacitor C is fully charged, triggering G1 first is switched, and when discharge current reaches peak value, high-voltage pulse generator exports high pressure
G2 simultaneously is connected in ignition signal breakdown G3, and capacitor C, resistance R1 short circuit, inductance L1 electric current maximum are passed through subject by G2 switch at this time
Product EUT, gap switch G2 constitute afterflow bleed-off circuit, are influenced by EUT and impedance loop, the charge slow release on L, thus
Realize the long duration waveform for flowing through EUT.
(1), the control of generator is more complicated, need to control simultaneously two sets of generators (multi-waveform impulse current generator and
Impulse voltage generator) triggering system, so that impulse voltage generator is delayed the dash current regular hour, time control wants quasi-
Really, it is otherwise easy to appear discharge failure phenomenon, control difficulty is big；
(2), away from control, whole system needs to control in addition to this set trigger multiple balls, need to control the movement of tri- ball of G2 and
It is big to coordinate difficulty for the coupling ball gap of G3 and the trigger sphere gap of impulse voltage generator ontology；
(3), debugging waveform is difficult, and wave tail length is controlled by Crowbar energy storage inductor L1 size, but in different subjects
Its load impedance of product is different, leads to the more difficult adjustment of output waveform duration.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of multi-waveform impulse current generator, the multi-waveform impulse current generator is available
Lesser capacitor realizes output long wave coda wave shape, can be applied to I class thunder and lightning waveform 10/350us, steep impulse current waveform 1/
10us, long wave tail slide hit 10/1000 μ s of current wave, and A wave (6.4/69 μ of directly thunder and lightning (or indirect thunder and lightning) effect waveform
S), D wave (3.2/34.5 μ s) improves capacitor utilization efficiency.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: a kind of multi-waveform impulse current generator, including fill
Electric unit, energy-storage units, gap switch unit, at least one first wave regulating resistor, the second wave regulating resistor, inductance, non-gap type
Adaptive Crowbar switch unit and determinand microscope carrier, the charhing unit are connected to energy-storage units, and concatenated non-gap type is certainly
Adaptation Crowbar switch unit, the second wave regulating resistor are in parallel with energy-storage units and are located at the gap switch of inductance and series connection
Between unit, the first wave regulating resistor；
The gap switch unit includes spaced high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate, high voltage induction side conductive plate and low pressure
Conductive plate is positioned between this high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate, high voltage induction side conductive plate and low pressure conductive plate by insulating support rod
Connection, a capacitive side discharge ball are installed on the conductive plate of high-voltage capacitance side, and an inductance side discharge ball is installed on high voltage induction side and leads
On electroplax, the capacitive side discharge ball and inductance side discharge ball be oppositely arranged and between there are gaps；
The adaptive Crowbar switch unit of non-gap type includes high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor component and support frame,
The high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor component is made of first diode, the second diode and connecting plate, this first diode,
Two diodes be respectively arranged in the upper and lower side of connecting plate and be electrically connected with connecting plate first diode, the second diode respectively one
The polarity at end is on the contrary, the connecting plate is located at first diode, is fixed with a commutation in the middle part of the upper and lower side of the second diode and turns
Axis, this commutation both ends of the shaft pass through bearing block and are installed on support frame；
A diode other end is connected to second wave regulating resistor one end, institute in the first diode, the second diode
State that first diode, another diode other end is connected to the low-pressure end and gap switch of determinand microscope carrier in the second diode
The low pressure conductive plate of unit；
The high voltage induction side conductive plate of the gap switch unit is connected to inductance one end and the second wave regulating resistor other end,
The low pressure conductive plate of the gap switch unit is connected to the low-pressure end of determinand microscope carrier, and the inductance other end is used as connecting
Connect the high-voltage output end of the high-voltage end of determinand microscope carrier；
It is spaced between inductance side discharge ball and high voltage induction side conductive plate, and inductance side discharge ball is fixed on liter
Bar one end drops, this inductance side discharge ball is electrically connected by several soft conductive bars with high voltage induction side conductive plate, and one for driving
The motor that elevating lever moves up and down is connect with the elevating lever other end.
The further improved technical solution of above-mentioned technical proposal is as follows:
1. in above scheme, the capacitive side discharge ball, inductance side discharge ball are semi-spherical shape.
2. in above scheme, first wave regulating resistor is linear resistance.
3. in above scheme, the energy-storage units are made of several capacitor units in parallel, the first harmonic electricity
The number of resistance and the number of capacitor unit are equal, and each capacitor unit is connected with first wave regulating resistor.
4. in above scheme, an offresistance is connected across between the inductance other end and the low-pressure end of determinand microscope carrier.
Due to the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
1. multi-waveform impulse current generator of the present invention, waveform delivery efficiency height, can compared with existing discharge loop
Capacitor utilization rate is increased substantially, bigger long wave coda wave shape may be implemented with less capacitor.According to C=40uF, charging electricity
For pressure is 100kV, 10/350 waveform is formed using existing discharge loop, needs about 14 Ω of loop resistance R1, harmonic inductance L1
About 30uH, the 10/350us waveform of exportable about 7kA, and the present invention is used to pass through the Ω of wave regulating resistor R1=0.5, harmonic inductance
10uH, wave terminal resistance 20m Ω (See Figure).Exportable about 100kA10/350us waveform.
2. multi-waveform impulse current generator of the present invention, easy to operate, test failure rate is reduced, existing skill is overcome
Art uses three gap switch structures, it is necessary to which a mating high-voltage impact voltage generator is led to carry out the triggering of three gap switches
It is logical, the defects of output voltage is generally greater than 2 times of the charging voltage of main current generator and poor stability, use this
The adaptive Crowbar switch unit of invention non-gap type includes high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor component and support frame, the high pressure
Fast-pulse semiconductor subassembly is made of first diode, the second diode and connecting plate, is occurred without other surge voltage
Device, generator, which avoids, there is out-of-control phenomenon, and success rate is almost 100%.
3. multi-waveform impulse current generator of the present invention, output waveform is smooth, peak value is without concussion, in the prior art G2
The conducting of switch needs the impulse voltage generator of high voltage to be triggered, and the portion of energy can be superimposed upon discharge loop
In, it will lead to and form concussion at wave crest, and present invention switch not will form peak value concussion, waveform comparison is smooth.
4. multi-waveform impulse current generator of the present invention stays between inductance side discharge ball and high voltage induction side conductive plate
There is interval, and inductance side discharge ball is fixed on elevating lever one end, this inductance side discharge ball passes through several soft conductive bars and high pressure
The electrical connection of inductance side conductive plate, a motor for driving elevating lever to move up and down are connect with the elevating lever other end, can dynamically be adjusted
Save capacitive side discharge ball and inductance side discharge ball distance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is prior art multi-waveform impulse current generator schematic illustration one；
Fig. 2 is prior art multi-waveform impulse current generator schematic illustration two；
Fig. 3 is multi-waveform impulse current generator electronic schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is capacitor discharge current waveform (Icap) in multi-waveform impulse current generator of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the adaptive Crowbar switch unit feedback current waveform (Idiode) of non-gap type of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the practical current waveform flowed through of test item in multi-waveform impulse current generator of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is multi-waveform impulse current generator structural schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is multi-waveform impulse current generator partial structural diagram one of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is multi-waveform impulse current generator partial structural diagram two of the present invention；
Figure 10 is multi-waveform impulse current generator partial structural diagram three of the present invention；
Figure 11 is multi-waveform impulse current generator partial structural diagram four of the present invention；
Figure 12 is multi-waveform impulse current generator output waveform figure of the present invention.
In the figures above: 1, charhing unit；2, energy-storage units；211, capacitor unit；3, gap switch unit；4, first
Wave regulating resistor；5, the second wave regulating resistor；6, inductance；7, the adaptive Crowbar switch unit of non-gap type；8, determinand microscope carrier；
9, high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate；10, high voltage induction side conductive plate；11, low pressure conductive plate；12, insulating support rod；13, capacitive side
Discharge ball；14, inductance side discharge ball；15, high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor component；151, first diode；152, the two or two pole
Pipe；153, connecting plate；16, support frame；17, commutate shaft；171, location hole；18, bearing block；19, transparent housing；20, it positions
Mechanism；201, fixed block；202, through-hole；203, Elastip pin；21, offresistance；22, elevating lever；23, soft conductive bar；24, electric
Machine.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:
Embodiment: a kind of multi-waveform impulse current generator, including charhing unit 1, energy-storage units 2, gap switch unit
3, adaptive 7 and of Crowbar switch unit of at least one first wave regulating resistor 4, the second wave regulating resistor 5, inductance 6, non-gap type
Determinand microscope carrier 8, the charhing unit 1 are connected to energy-storage units 2, the concatenated adaptive Crowbar switch unit of non-gap type
7, the second wave regulating resistor 5 is in parallel with energy-storage units 2 and is located at inductance 6 and the gap switch unit 3 being connected in series, the first harmonic electricity
Between resistance 4；
The gap switch unit 3 includes spaced high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate 9,10 and of high voltage induction side conductive plate
Low pressure conductive plate 11 passes through insulation between this high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate 9, high voltage induction side conductive plate 10 and low pressure conductive plate 11
Support rod 12 is located by connecting, and a capacitive side discharge ball 13 is installed on high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate 9, an inductance side discharge ball 14 peace
Loaded on high voltage induction side conductive plate 10, the capacitive side discharge ball 13 and inductance side discharge ball 14 be oppositely arranged and between there are
Gap；
The adaptive Crowbar switch unit 7 of non-gap type includes high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor component 15 and support
Frame 16, the high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor component 15 is by first diode 151, the second diode 152 and 153 groups of connecting plate
At this first diode 151, the second diode 152 are respectively arranged in the upper and lower side of connecting plate 153 and are electrically connected with connecting plate 153
First diode 151, the polarity of the respective one end of the second diode 152 is on the contrary, the connecting plate 153 is located at first diode
151, it is fixed with a commutation shaft 17 in the middle part of the upper and lower side of the second diode 152, this commutation 17 both ends of shaft passes through bearing block
18 are installed on support frame 16；
A diode other end is connected to the second wave regulating resistor 5 in the first diode 151, the second diode 152
One end, another diode other end is connected to the low of determinand microscope carrier 8 in the first diode 151, the second diode 152
The low pressure conductive plate 11 of pressure side and gap switch unit 3；
The high voltage induction side conductive plate 10 of the gap switch unit 3 is connected to 6 one end of inductance and the second wave regulating resistor 5 is another
One end, the low pressure conductive plate 11 of the gap switch unit 3 are connected to the low-pressure end of determinand microscope carrier 8,6 other end of inductance
High-voltage output end as the high-voltage end for connecting determinand microscope carrier 8；
It is spaced between inductance side discharge ball 14 and high voltage induction side conductive plate 10, and inductance side discharge ball 14 is solid
Due to elevating lever one end, this inductance side discharge ball 14 is electrically connected by several soft conductive bars 23 with high voltage induction side conductive plate 10
It connects, a motor 24 for driving elevating lever 22 to move up and down is connect with 22 other end of elevating lever.
Above-mentioned capacitive side discharge ball 13, inductance side discharge ball 14 are semi-spherical shape.
Above-mentioned first wave regulating resistor 4 is linear resistance.
One offresistance 21 is connected across between 6 other end of inductance and the low-pressure end of determinand microscope carrier 8.
Above-mentioned energy-storage units 2 are made of several capacitor units 211 in parallel, the number of first wave regulating resistor 4
Equal with the number of capacitor unit 211, each capacitor unit 211 is connected with first wave regulating resistor 4.
Multi-waveform impulse current generator of the present invention its working principles are as follows:
(1) it after capacitor C is fully charged, is discharged by discharge ball gap G1, at this time due to being positive charge, two poles on capacitor
The reversed cut-off of pipe is not turned on, and discharge loop C-G1-R1-L1-EUT-C constitutes the CRL discharge loop of closure；
(2) after discharge loop electric current reaches maximum value, condenser voltage is zero at this time, but due to there is inductance in circuit
In the presence of, therefore inductance can keep the electric current in circuit to make current flow through test product, then be reversed capacitor charging, but due to diode
Inductance is returned along diode in the presence of will lead to electric current, the LR discharge loop being made of L-EUT-R2-D1-L is constituted, until inductance
Ability is all run out of by R2, is formed and is continued wave rear；
(3) circuit output waveform, testing current loop-around test point distribution map is as shown in Fig. 3, can by loop simulation
See capacitor discharge loop current (Icap), the electric current (Ieut) of test item and the feedback current by diode
(Idiode), See Figure (with C=40uF, for R1=0.2 μ of Ω, L1=10 H, R2=0.02 Ω)
Using multi-waveform impulse current generator of the present invention, waveform delivery efficiency height compared with existing discharge loop,
Capacitor utilization rate can be increased substantially, bigger long wave coda wave shape may be implemented with less capacitor.According to C=40uF, charging
For voltage is 100kV, 10/350 waveform is formed using existing discharge loop, needs about 14 Ω of loop resistance R1, harmonic inductance
L1 about 30uH, the 10/350us waveform of exportable about 7kA shown in See Figure, and use the present invention to pass through wave regulating resistor R1=0.5
Ω, harmonic inductance 10uH, wave terminal resistance 20m Ω (See Figure).Exportable about 100kA10/350us waveform.
Multi-waveform impulse current generator of the present invention, it is easy to operate, test failure rate is reduced, overcoming the prior art makes
With three gap switch structures, it is necessary to a mating high-voltage impact voltage generator carries out the triggering and conductings of three gap switches,
Its output voltage is generally greater than the defects of 2 times of the charging voltage of main current generator and poor stability, uses this hair
The bright adaptive Crowbar switch unit of non-gap type includes high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor component and support frame, and the high pressure is fast
Rapid pulse rushes semiconductor subassembly and is made of first diode, the second diode and connecting plate, without other impulse voltage generator,
Generator, which avoids, there is out-of-control phenomenon, and success rate is almost 100%.
Existing gap switch is to trigger impulse voltage generator by the delay regular hour after switch G1 conducting to lead
Logical G2, realizes and triggers G2 at waveform peak, constitutes discharge loop.But if capacitor voltage at both ends is 0 when G2 switch triggering,
The case where stability of switch triggering is poor, is easy to appear triggering failure.And the Crowbar of diode is used to switch, occur
Device, which avoids, there is out-of-control phenomenon, and success rate is almost 100%.
Multi-waveform impulse current generator of the present invention, output waveform is smooth, peak value is without concussion, and G2 is switched in the prior art
Conducting need the impulse voltage generator of high voltage to be triggered, and the portion of energy can be superimposed upon in discharge loop, will
Cause to form concussion at wave crest, and present invention switch not will form peak value concussion, waveform comparison is smooth.
The above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art
Scholar cans understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all according to the present invention
Equivalent change or modification made by Spirit Essence, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of multi-waveform impulse current generator, it is characterised in that: opened including charhing unit (1), energy-storage units (2), gap
Pass unit (3), at least one first wave regulating resistor (4), the second wave regulating resistor (5), inductance (6), non-gap type are adaptive
Crowbar switch unit (7) and determinand microscope carrier (8), first wave regulating resistor (4), gap switch unit (3) and energy storage list
First (2) series connection forms the first branch, and the adaptive Crowbar switch unit (7) of the non-gap type and the second wave regulating resistor (5) are gone here and there
Connection forms second branch, and the inductance (6) and determinand microscope carrier (8) series connection form third branch, the first branch, second
Road and third branch circuit parallel connection；
The charhing unit (1) is connected to energy-storage units (2), the adaptive Crowbar switch unit (7) of concatenated non-gap type,
Second wave regulating resistor (5) is in parallel with energy-storage units (2) and is located at inductance (6) and the gap switch unit (3) being connected in series, first
Between wave regulating resistor (4)；
The gap switch unit (3) includes spaced high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate (9), high voltage induction side conductive plate (10)
With low pressure conductive plate (11), this high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate (9), high voltage induction side conductive plate (10) and low pressure conductive plate (11) it
Between be located by connecting by insulating support rod (12), a capacitive side discharge ball (13) is installed on high-voltage capacitance side conductive plate (9), one
Inductance side discharge ball (14) is installed on high voltage induction side conductive plate (10), and the capacitive side discharge ball (13) and inductance side are discharged
Ball (14) be oppositely arranged and between there are gaps；
The adaptive Crowbar switch unit (7) of non-gap type includes high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor component (15) and support
Frame (16), the high-voltage high-speed impulse semiconductor component (15) is by first diode (151), the second diode (152) and connection
Plate (153) composition, this first diode (151), the second diode (152) be respectively arranged in the upper and lower side of connecting plate (153) and with
The polarity of the respective one end of the first diode (151) of connecting plate (153) electrical connection, the second diode (152) is on the contrary, the connection
Plate (153), which is located in the middle part of the upper and lower side of first diode (151), the second diode (152), is fixed with a commutation shaft (17),
This commutation shaft (17) both ends passes through bearing block (18) and is installed on support frame (16)；
A diode other end is connected to the second wave regulating resistor in the first diode (151), the second diode (152)
(5) one end, another diode other end is connected to determinand load in the first diode (151), the second diode (152)
The low-pressure end of platform (8) and the low pressure conductive plate (11) of gap switch unit (3)；
The high voltage induction side conductive plate (10) of the gap switch unit (3) is connected to inductance (6) one end and the second wave regulating resistor
(5) the low pressure conductive plate (11) of the other end, the gap switch unit (3) is connected to the low-pressure end of determinand microscope carrier (8), described
High-voltage output end of inductance (6) other end as the high-voltage end for connecting determinand microscope carrier (8)；
It is spaced between inductance side discharge ball (14) and high voltage induction side conductive plate (10), and inductance side discharge ball (14)
It is fixed on elevating lever one end, this inductance side discharge ball (14) passes through several soft conductive bars (23) and high voltage induction side conductive plate
(10) it is electrically connected, a motor (24) for driving elevating lever (22) to move up and down is connect with elevating lever (22) other end.
2. multi-waveform impulse current generator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the capacitive side discharge ball
(13), inductance side discharge ball (14) is semi-spherical shape.
3. multi-waveform impulse current generator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: first wave regulating resistor (4)
For linear resistance.
4. multi-waveform impulse current generator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the energy-storage units (2) if by
Dry capacitor unit (211) in parallel composition, the number of first wave regulating resistor (4) and the number of capacitor unit (211)
Mesh is equal, and each capacitor unit (211) is connected with first wave regulating resistor (4).
5. according to multi-waveform impulse current generator described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: an offresistance (21) is connected across electricity
Feel between (6) other end and the low-pressure end of determinand microscope carrier (8).
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| CN109698682B (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2023-02-28 | 西北核技术研究所 | Nanosecond front-edge high-voltage pulse generating device |
| CN111521848A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-08-11 | 西安电子科技大学 | Multi-pulse continuous output transient induction test system |
| CN112180225A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-01-05 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Triple lightning stroke anti-false triggering protection circuit |
| CN112816842B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-09-02 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Impulse voltage generator |
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