CN105366909B - A kind of technique of deeply dehydrating sludge - Google Patents
A kind of technique of deeply dehydrating sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN105366909B CN105366909B CN201510763808.XA CN201510763808A CN105366909B CN 105366909 B CN105366909 B CN 105366909B CN 201510763808 A CN201510763808 A CN 201510763808A CN 105366909 B CN105366909 B CN 105366909B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/123—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using belt or band filters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of technique of deeply dehydrating sludge, the technique includes hydro-thermal reaction, flocculation conditioning and mechanical dehydration, the hydro-thermal reaction and comprised the following steps successively：By the 13kg of surfactant 5 is added in dewatered sludge per ton, surfactant and sludge are added in hydrothermal reaction kettle；Sludge is set to carry out hydro-thermal reaction under conditions of temperature is 120 160 DEG C, relative pressure is 0.5 1.2MPa.The technique causes the moisture percentage in sewage sludge after dehydration to reach less than 55%, greatly reduces the difficulty that sludge is subsequently disposed, reduces the follow-up disposal costs of sludge.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technique of deeply dehydrating sludge, belong to field of environment engineering.
Background technology
With the continuous improvement of wastewater treatment in China rate, the yield of sludge is also in rising trend, and sludge is as water process
Accessory substance, containing a large amount of hardly degraded organic substances, heavy metal and salt, and pathogenic microorganism and worm's ovum, if do not deal carefully with by
Cause serious secondary pollution.
Caused sludge after excess sludge, i.e. sewage disposal, most important feature are exactly that moisture content is high, and even as high as 99%,
It is most directly also that most efficient method is exactly to remove the moisture in sludge to realize sludge reduction, but because excess sludge composition is answered
Miscellaneous, in flco state, its dewatering extreme difference, if undressed sludge directly carries out mechanical dehydration, moisture content of the cake is still high
Up to 80% or so, this is well below China's solid refuse standard of landfill（Moisture content is less than 60%）, therefore before mechanical sludge dewatering
Take sludge effective conditioning measure to improve dewatering performance of sludge, the moisture content of sludge is reduced, after can not only reducing sludge
The difficulty of continuous disposal, can also improve butt sludge content in sludge, reduce the follow-up disposal costs of sludge.
At present, common mud dewatering method has desiccation method, Mechanical Method, conditioning method.The commonly natural desiccation of desiccation method
With heating and drying two kinds, natural desiccation is a kind of simple traditional dewatering, and dehydration cost is low, but because dewatering efficiency is low,
Floor space is big, big to surrounding environment influence, therefore natural desiccation is seldom used in big-and-middle-sized sewage plant；Heating and drying is to adopt
The method manually heated causes a kind of method that the moisture in sludge is quickly evaporated, although dewatering efficiency is high, after dehydration
Moisture percentage in sewage sludge can be down to 10%-30%, but operating cost is higher, larger to surrounding environment influence, is relatively more suitable for medium and small
Type sewage plant sludge focusing on and disposing.Mechanical dehydration common are centrifugal dehydration, plate compression is dehydrated, belt press filtration takes off
Water, vacuum filtering and dewatering, noise is big, and moisture content of the cake is high and floor space is big because it is dehydrated for vacuum filtering and dewatering, therefore very
It is used less；Compared to other dewaterings, plate compression dehydrated sludge cake moisture content is relatively low, but due to its discontinuous mode of operation,
The shortcomings of dewatering efficiency is low, and operating environment is poor, and automaticity is not high limits the application of its Large Sewage Treatment Plant at home；Centrifugation
Dehydration is with belt type dehydration due to easy to operate low with operating cost still widely used.Conditioning method have chemical conditioning, physics conditioning,
Because cost of investment is low, simple operation and other advantages are still widely adopted at present for biology conditioning, wherein chemical conditioning.
Hydro-thermal lysis technology is a kind of emerging physics lysis modification technology, by the way that sludge is heated, in certain temperature and
Microbial cell in sludge is promoted to crack under pressure, release intracellular matter destroys sludge flco knot into liquid phase, so as to reach
Structure, improve a kind of method of dewatering performance of sludge purpose, ordinary circumstance, with the raising of sludge temperature, sludge lysis effect is got over
It is good, but there are some researches show when sludge temperature reaches 200 DEG C, sludge is also easy to produce a kind of slightly solubility material, influence dehydration property
Can, this phenomenon is Maillard reaction.
Domestic at present be modified on sludge water thermosol born of the same parents promotes the research of sludge dewatering seldom, Chinese patent
CN103880266A is related to a kind of hydro-thermal method mud dewatering method and device, this method be by two-stage hydro-thermal reaction to preheating after
Wet mud be dehydrated, one-level hydrothermal temperature be 220-280 DEG C, reaction time 5-15 min, second order reaction 160-200
DEG C, the reaction time is 20-60 min, and moisture percentage in sewage sludge is between 50%-60%, the advantages of the invention device after hydro-thermal reaction
In two-stage hydrothermal reaction process, heat caused by the cooling of use realizes reusing of energy source to sludge preheating, but due to temperature
Height, pressure is big, safety and the hidden danger of atmosphere pollution be present, in addition temperature more than 200 DEG C when be also easy to produce Mei Lade phenomenons, influence dirt
The dewatering of mud, therefore have much room for improvement.
Chinese patent CN103964662A discloses a kind of continous way mud dewatering method based on hydro-thermal process, this method
It is that temperature is heated into more than 150 DEG C to carry out hydro-thermal reaction, the sludge after hydro-thermal process is introduced into continous way extrusion dehydration
Device realizes the continuous dehydration of sludge, and the filtrate after dehydration enters efficient anaerobic processing unit anaerobic digestion production biogas, biogas slurry
Land use is carried out after purification, what this method introduced is how to realize the continuous operation of sludge dehydration process, to sludge water
Process of thermal treatment does not have excessive introduction, and also without specific case study on implementation introduction, therefore how the emphasis of the patent is
Realize the continuous operation of sludge dewatering, rather than hydrothermal modification dehydration.
Chinese patent CN102381820A discloses a kind of sludge treatment technique based on hydrothermal modification technology, and the technique is
Sludge after mechanical dehydration is entered into slurrying device, the sludge after pulp into hydrothermal reactor be heated to 180 DEG C carry out hydro-thermals it is anti-
Should, sludge enters vacuum flashing in flash vessel after hydro-thermal, and autoclave diaphragm filter press is entered after cooler is cooled to 35-45 DEG C
Filter-press dehydration is carried out, dehydration filtrate enters anaeration in normal temperature reactor and carries out anaerobic reaction, and dehydrated sludge cake is fabricated to biomass dyestuff
Rod, steam is provided for hydrothermal reactor into boiler, the technique has high treating effect, volume reduction positive effect, innoxious degree
High, the advantages that methane recovery utilization benefit is good, the technique is that water separation capability and the anaerobic digestion of sludge are improved by hydrothermal modification
Ability.
Flocculation conditioning dehydration of the prior art is to use conventional flocculant molysite, calcium salt and polyacrylamide flocculant
Deng flocculating effect is bad, is dehydrated with reference to conventional mechanical, and dehydration rate is typically up to 80% or so, and dehydration rate is relatively low, seldom with reference to hydro-thermal
Reaction carries out flocculation conditioning.
The content of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that it is to carry out hydro-thermal reaction at relatively high temperatures, sludge is also easy to produce a kind of slightly solubility
Material, influence dewatering performance of sludge.
The technical scheme is that, there is provided a kind of technique of deeply dehydrating sludge, adjusted successively including hydro-thermal reaction, flocculation
Reason and mechanical dehydration, it is characterised in that the hydro-thermal reaction comprises the following steps：By adding surfactant in dewatered sludge per ton
5-13kg, surfactant and sludge are added in hydrothermal reaction kettle；Sludge is set in temperature to be 120-160 DEG C, relative pressure
To carry out hydro-thermal reaction under conditions of 0.5-1.2MPa.
Further, the surfactant is cationic surfactant.
Further, the cationic surfactant is free benzyltrimethylammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl
Ammonium chloride or dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride.
Further, the flocculation conditioning comprises the following steps：After the completion of hydro-thermal reaction, reaction temperature drops to 60-70 DEG C
When, flocculant 10-50kg is added by dewatered sludge per ton, flocculant is added into hydrothermal reaction kettle, is stirred, flocculation conditioning time is
30-60 min。
Further, the flocculant is made up of organic flocculant and inorganic flocculating agent, and organic flocculant is selected from Wheat Straw
Stalk, maize straw, sugarcane stalk and/or wood chip, inorganic flocculating agent are selected from iron hydroxide and/or aluminium hydroxide, organic flocculant
Mass ratio with inorganic flocculating agent is 1:2-1:5.
Further, the particle diameter of the flocculant is 100-200 μm.
Further, the flocculant is first deployed into the suspension that mass fraction is 20-30%, adds hydro-thermal reaction
In kettle.
Further, the mechanical dehydration is belt press filtration.
Further, the hydro-thermal reaction low whipping speed is carried out under conditions of being 150-250r/min.
Hydro-thermal lysis is reacted（Abbreviation hydro-thermal reaction）Principle be by the way that sludge is heated, promote under certain temperature and pressure
Enter microbial cell in sludge to crack, release intracellular matter destroys sludge flocculation structure into liquid phase, so as to reach, and improves dirty
Mud dewatering purpose.The surfactant of addition significantly improves the hydrophobic performance of sludge, with reference to high efficiency composition flocculant
Flocculation nurse one's health cause sludge be easily dehydrated, the surfactant of addition is cationic surfactant, can greatly improve dirt
The hydrophobic performance of mud.The addition of surfactant causes hydro-thermal lysis reaction temperature to reduce, energy consumption reduces, while hydro-thermal mode is again
So that surfactant easily absorption influences its interfacial property in Sludge Surface, make with reference to the flocculation conditioning of high efficiency composition flocculant
Sludge is obtained easily to be dehydrated；This body structure in wheat stalk in composite flocculation agent, maize straw, sugarcane stalk, wood chip these materials
In have cellulose, poly-pentose, and the acidic materials such as tannin, also have some aldehyde, ketone, alcohol, ester, wherein containing substantial amounts of hydroxyl,
Carboxy moiety free hydroxyl group, free amino acid and free lignin, these functional groups can absorbed portion cationic species
And organic matter；And Fe (OH)3And Al (OH)3Suspension has certain flocculating function, by the strong organic matter of these absorption properties and
The flocculation conditioning that the high efficiency composition flocculant of the strong inorganic matter composition of flocculating function is used for sludge make it that the sludge after dehydration is aqueous
Rate reaches less than 55%, greatly reduces the difficulty that sludge is subsequently disposed, and reduces the follow-up disposal costs of sludge.
The present invention has advantages below and effect compared with prior art：
1）Method provided by the invention is simple, condition easy to control；Surfactant is added, effectively reduces hydro-thermal reaction
Temperature, it is therefore prevented that the generation of Mei Lade phenomenons, improve the follow-up dewatering of sludge.
2）Method provided by the invention because being carried out in the closed environment of autoclave, no pernicious gas and other can be to environment
The material polluted produces, therefore caused secondary pollution is small.
3）High efficiency composition Flocculating Effect of Flocculant provided by the invention is good, cheap and easily-available.
4）Method provided by the invention is modified using hydro-thermal lysis to be taken off with high efficiency composition flocculant synergy sludge deep
Water so that sludge reaches less than 55% in may filter press moisture content, more aqueous than conventional flocculation conditioning+belt type dehydration sludge
Rate declines 30%, greatly reduces the difficulty that sludge is subsequently disposed, reduces the follow-up disposal costs of sludge.
Embodiment
Following examples are intended to further illustrate the present invention, rather than limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
1st, hydro-thermal reaction：The free benzyltrimethylammonium chloride of surfactant and sludge are added into hydrothermal reaction kettle to work as
In, the addition of free benzyltrimethylammonium chloride is the 1.3% of one ton of dewatered sludge, and reactor is closed, starts to heat, temperature
It is set as 120 DEG C, reaction pressure 0.5MPa, after temperature and pressure is stable, opens agitating device, mixing speed 200r/
Min, reaction time 60min, reaction terminate to cool using natural cooling；
2nd, the preparation of high efficiency composition flocculant：Wood chip and iron hydroxide are pressed 1:2 ratio is mixed, ground, sieved,
Particle diameter is set to add water to be configured to 20% suspension in 100-200 microns；
3rd, flocculation conditioning：When the temperature of question response kettle drops to 70 DEG C, reactor is opened, high efficiency composition flocculant is added, adds
Dosage is the 5% of one ton of dewatered sludge, and reactor is closed, and opens agitating device, mixing speed 150r/min, flocculate conditioning time
For 60 min.
4th, continuous dehydration：Flocculation conditioning is dehydrated after terminating using continous way squeezing dehydration device, the sludge after dehydration
Moisture content reaches 52%, and outward transport, the sludge after dehydration takes off filtrate and carries out recycling by anaerobic fermentation methane phase technology.
Embodiment 2
1st, hydro-thermal reaction：Surfactant sodium dodecyl base dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and sludge are added to hydrothermal reaction kettle
Central, the addition of dodecyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride is the 0.5% of one ton of dewatered sludge, and reactor is closed, and starts to add
Temperature, temperature are set as 160 DEG C, reaction pressure 1.2MPa, after temperature and pressure is stable, open agitating device, mixing speed
200r/min, reaction time 30min, reaction terminate to cool using natural cooling；
2nd, the preparation of high efficiency composition flocculant：Stalk and aluminium hydroxide are pressed 1:5 ratio is mixed, ground, mistake
Sieve, particle diameter is set to add water to be configured to 30% suspension in 100-200 microns；
3rd, flocculation conditioning：When the temperature of question response kettle drops to 60 DEG C, reactor is opened, high efficiency composition flocculant is added, adds
Dosage is the 1% of one ton of dewatered sludge, and reactor is closed, and opens agitating device, mixing speed 150r/min, flocculate conditioning time
For 30 min.
4th, continuous dehydration：Flocculation conditioning is dehydrated after terminating using continous way squeezing dehydration device, the sludge after dehydration
Moisture content reaches 55%, and outward transport, the sludge after dehydration takes off filtrate and carries out recycling by anaerobic fermentation methane phase technology.
Embodiment 3
1st, hydro-thermal reaction：Surfactant dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and sludge are added into hydrothermal reaction kettle to work as
In, the addition of dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride is the 1% of one ton of dewatered sludge, and reactor is closed, starts to heat, temperature
It is set as 140 DEG C, reaction pressure 1MPa, after temperature and pressure is stable, unlatching agitating device, mixing speed 200r/min,
Reaction time is 40min, and reaction terminates to cool using natural cooling；
2nd, the preparation of high efficiency composition flocculant：Wood chip and aluminium hydroxide are pressed 1:2 ratio is mixed, ground, sieved,
Particle diameter is set to add water to be configured to 20% suspension in 100-200 microns；
3rd, flocculation conditioning：When the temperature of question response kettle drops to 70 DEG C, reactor is opened, high efficiency composition flocculant is added, adds
Dosage is the 2% of one ton of dewatered sludge, and reactor is closed, and opens agitating device, mixing speed 150r/min, flocculate conditioning time
For 40 min.
4th, continuous dehydration：Flocculation conditioning is dehydrated after terminating using continous way squeezing dehydration device, the sludge after dehydration
Moisture content reaches 55%, and outward transport, the sludge after dehydration takes off filtrate and carries out recycling by anaerobic fermentation methane phase technology.
Embodiment 4
1st, hydro-thermal reaction：Surfactant sodium dodecyl base dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and sludge are added to hydrothermal reaction kettle
Central, the addition of dodecyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride is the 0.8% of one ton of dewatered sludge, and reactor is closed, and starts to add
Temperature, temperature are set as 160 DEG C, reaction pressure 1.2MPa, after temperature and pressure is stable, open agitating device, mixing speed
200r/min, reaction time 30min, reaction terminate to cool using natural cooling；
2nd, the preparation of high efficiency composition flocculant：Stalk and iron hydroxide are pressed 1:5 ratio is mixed, ground, sieved,
Particle diameter is set to add water to be configured to 20% suspension in 100-200 microns；
3rd, flocculation conditioning：When the temperature of question response kettle drops to 60 DEG C, reactor is opened, high efficiency composition flocculant is added, adds
Dosage is the 3% of one ton of dewatered sludge, and reactor is closed, and opens agitating device, mixing speed 150r/min, flocculate conditioning time
For 30 min.
4th, continuous dehydration：Flocculation conditioning is dehydrated after terminating using continous way squeezing dehydration device, the sludge after dehydration
Moisture content reaches 53%, and outward transport, the sludge after dehydration takes off filtrate and carries out recycling by anaerobic fermentation methane phase technology.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. technique of deeply dehydrating sludge, successively including hydro-thermal reaction, flocculation conditioning and mechanical dehydration, it is characterised in that The hydro-thermal reaction comprises the following steps：By surfactant 5-13kg is added in dewatered sludge per ton, by surfactant and dirt Mud is added in hydrothermal reaction kettle；Sludge is set to be carried out under conditions of temperature is 120-160 DEG C, relative pressure is 0.5-1.2MPa Hydro-thermal reaction；The surfactant is cationic surfactant；The cationic surfactant is free benzyl front three Ammonium chloride, dodecyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride or dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride.
- 2. technique as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the flocculation conditioning comprises the following steps：Hydro-thermal reaction is completed Afterwards, when reaction temperature drops to 60-70 DEG C, flocculant 10-50kg is added by dewatered sludge per ton, flocculation is added into hydrothermal reaction kettle Agent, stirring, flocculation conditioning time is 30-60 min.
- 3. technique as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the flocculant is by organic flocculant and inorganic flocculating agent group Into organic flocculant is selected from wheat stalk, maize straw, sugarcane stalk and/or wood chip, and inorganic flocculating agent is selected from iron hydroxide And/or aluminium hydroxide, the mass ratio of organic flocculant and inorganic flocculating agent is 1:2-1:5.
- 4. technique as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the particle diameter of the flocculant is 100-200 μm.
- 5. technique as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that it is 20-30%'s that the flocculant first is deployed into mass fraction Suspension, add in hydrothermal reaction kettle.
- 6. technique as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the mechanical dehydration is belt press filtration.
- 7. technique as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the hydro-thermal reaction low whipping speed is 150-250r/min's Under the conditions of carry out.
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| CN108623119B (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2021-05-04 | 上海利泽环保科技有限公司 | Method for improving sludge pyrohydrolysis efficiency |
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| CN109574465B (en) * | 2019-01-20 | 2022-12-23 | 重庆大学 | Method for supplementing carbon source of sewage treatment plant based on low-temperature hydrothermal carbonization |
| CN111606536B (en) | 2020-04-20 | 2021-04-09 | 同济大学 | Method for sludge dewatering by synergistic reinforcement of anaerobic biological acidification of excess sludge and low-temperature hydrothermal coupling of kitchen waste |
| CN112209586A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2021-01-12 | 浙江湖州金洁水务股份有限公司 | Method for extracting COD from excess sludge |
| CN113354252B (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2022-02-22 | 浙江桃花源环保科技有限公司 | Sludge drying conditioner and preparation method thereof |
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