CN105345036B - Old-fashioned heavy horizontal lathe NC postprocessing reproducing method - Google Patents
Old-fashioned heavy horizontal lathe NC postprocessing reproducing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105345036B CN105345036B CN201510940843.4A CN201510940843A CN105345036B CN 105345036 B CN105345036 B CN 105345036B CN 201510940843 A CN201510940843 A CN 201510940843A CN 105345036 B CN105345036 B CN 105345036B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B7/00—Automatic or semi-automatic turning-machines with a single working-spindle, e.g. controlled by cams; Equipment therefor; Features common to automatic and semi-automatic turning-machines with one or more working-spindles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B23/00—Tailstocks; Centres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P6/00—Restoring or reconditioning objects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/0009—Energy-transferring means or control lines for movable machine parts; Control panels or boxes; Control parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
- B23Q5/34—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
- B23Q5/34—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission
- B23Q5/38—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously
- B23Q5/40—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously by feed shaft, e.g. lead screw
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Numerical Control (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention is old-fashioned heavy horizontal lathe NC postprocessing reproducing method and control device, this method is: by disintegrating and remanufacturing reparation comprehensively to old lathe, restore the running accuracy and major control function of the mechanical moving element of old lathe, numerically controlled direct current speeder is helped into the generating set upgrading of original machine bed floral disc main shaft drives, realizes that floral disc rotates angle feed-back by installation photoelectric encoder；Increase digital control system newly in lathe power control cabinet；It replaces knife rest and feeds motor, using programmable controller；Increase Chinese Human-machine Control interface.The control device is using digital control system as control core, the direct current generator that original knife rest drives is replaced with X-axis servo motor, Z axis motor, the relay logic circuit that original hardware forms is changed to the relay logic circuit of programmable controller controls, increases numerically-controlled machine tool Chinese Human-machine Control interface newly.The present invention uses Numeric Control Technology, and the working ability, precision and efficiency of lathe can be improved, reduce cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to common heavy horizontal lathe is passed through the side of remanufacturing in machine industry and iron and steel metallurgy industry
Method upgrading updates, and so that original backward equipment is become technologically advanced numerical control device, belongs to machine tool and remanufacture field.
Background technique
In industrialization of the country process, once had purchased a large amount of import lathes, as time goes by with the progress of technology,
Many equipment enter aged phase and date of retirement, these old machine tool resources how to be allowed to be recycled benefit again by remanufacturing
With being the national set state basic policy advocated energetically at present, we are by carrying out innovation redesign, again to old import heavy machine tool equipment
It manufactures, reassemble, the old machine tool that will be scrapped is made to upgrade to numerically controlled lathe, realize save the cost 50%, energy conservation
60%, material 70% is saved, disposal of pollutants 80% is reduced, by the welcome of user, the policy support of country is obtained, there is biggish hair
Exhibition prospect.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: provide a kind of old-fashioned heavy horizontal lathe NC postprocessing reproducing method with
Control device makes old lathe realize NC automatic processing function to restore the mechanical movement precision of old lathe.
The present invention solves its technical problem, and the following technical solution is employed:
Old-fashioned heavy horizontal lathe NC postprocessing reproducing method provided by the invention, specifically: by old lathe into
Row disintegrates comprehensively and remanufactures reparation, restores the running accuracy and main control function of the mechanical moving element of old lathe again
Can, numerically controlled direct current speeder is helped into the generating set upgrading of original machine bed floral disc main shaft drives, to improve main shaft electricity
The speed adjustable range and control precision of machine, and realize that floral disc rotates angle feed-back by installation photoelectric encoder, make floral disc positioning accurate
Degree is able to satisfy the simple automatic indexing Xiyanping injection needs of roll；Increase 828DSL digital control system, more tool changing newly in lathe power control cabinet
Frame feeds motor, using programmable controller, realizes accurate track location control to lathe tool or milling cutter feeding；Increase Chinese
Roll automatic numerical control machining is realized at Human-machine Control interface.
Disintegrate and remanufacture in repair process carrying out analysis comprehensively to old lathe, first to the serious machine tool of abrasion
Three guide pass of body and relevant center rest, the kinematic pair of tailstock, cutter holder assembly and cutter holder assembly lower part carries out repair, extensive
The precision of walking and the cooperation of these multiple components；X-axis ball-screw is replaced again, improves the feed accuracy of X-axis；Then lathe is replaced
Bearing in spindle box and related control block hydraulic unit with, restore again lathe floral disc mechanical running accuracy and four kinds of the speed of mainshaft
Hydraulic gear-shifting function.
After the present invention is repaired using cold-welding technique and re-started machining, guide pass is made to restore precision again.
The present invention repairs tailstock using following methods: mechanical, the hydraulic and electrical component of old tailstock damage is replaced,
Keep movement and the positioning function of tailstock normal, restores the top geometry of machinery precision of barrel of tail stock, meet roll centre hole and hold out against
Processing request.
The present invention is repaired and is remanufactured using the mechanical drive train of the knife rest feeding in following methods cutter setting frame component:
Driving motor and speed reducer and ball screw are replaced, is allowed to meet the requirement of numerical control processing.
The relevant center rest includes head frame side center rest and tailstock side center rest, using following methods pair
It is repaired: mechanical, the hydraulic and electrical component of replacement center rest damage, the movement for making center rest and positioning function are just
Often, restore the geometry of machinery precision of support watt.
The present invention during restoring the running accuracy and major control function of mechanical moving element of old lathe, into
To bearing, Hydraulic Elements and electrical and feeding motor replacement, the reparation of hydraulic control system and the redesign of electric-control system,
Old lathe is set to be turned into easy to operate, safe and reliable numerically controlled lathe.
The control device that old-fashioned heavy horizontal lathe NC postprocessing provided by the invention remanufactures, the control device be with
828DSL digital control system is control core, and the direct current generator that original knife rest drives is replaced with X-axis servo motor, Z axis motor, will
The relay logic circuit of hardware composition originally is changed to the relay logic circuit of programmable controller controls, increases numerical control machine newly
Bed Chinese Human-machine Control interface makes the machine tooling personnel for being ignorant of numerical control programming pass through Chinese Human-machine Control interface and carries out program choosing
It selects and parameter setting, realizes the NC automatic processing of roll.
The Chinese Human-machine Control interface, using PPU host.
In the control device use process, maintenance personal passes through the alert interface at Chinese Human-machine Control interface, understands lathe
The reason of disorderly closedown, to reduce the machine upkeep time.
The present invention compared with the prior art, mainly has the advantage that
Lathe overhauling reform is carried out with the method remanufactured, is not the simple mechanical movement precision for restoring lathe and original
Control function, but advanced Numeric Control Technology is used, according to the needs of client, machine tooling ability is improved comprehensively, such as: originally
Lathe be unable to processing curve, numerically-controlled machine tool can easily process various curved surface parts；Using advanced digital control system, can will answer
Miscellaneous machine tooling program is write by professional in advance there are in host, and machine tooling personnel only need to carry out journey in processing
Sequence selection, and according to different workpieces situation, modifying relevant parameter can be achieved with the automatic processing of workpiece, improve the processing of lathe
Precision and efficiency；Original mechanical, electrical, the liquid accessory of lathe, by upgrading, be substituted in the market be easy buying accessory, one
Supplement can be purchased in time after denier damage, greatly reduce lathe operating cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is lathe main structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the left side view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the A-A side view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the B-B side view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the electrical structure block diagram of numerical control device.
Fig. 6 is the main loop circuit figure of numerical control device.
Fig. 7 is turnery processing program chart.
Fig. 8 is Milling Process program chart.
Fig. 9 is Z axis machine driving schematic diagram.
Figure 10 is X-axis machine driving schematic diagram.
In figure: 1. spindle motors；1-1. magneto speed measure feedback motor；1-2. main shaft blower；1-3. principal axis lubrication motor；
1-4. main shaft speed change solenoid valve；2. spindle index motor；3. floral disc rotary encoder；4. headstock；5. floral disc；6. in frame side
Heart bracket；6-1. frame lateral bracket mobile motors；6-2. frame lateral bracket hydraulic locking motors；6-3. frame side support watt lubrication electricity
Machine；6-4. frame lateral bracket control stations；7. roll；8. knife rest；8-1. milling head motor；8-2. milling head control station；9. Machine-Tool Control
It stands；9-1.PPU host；9-2.MCP control panel；9-3.MINI handheld unit；10. tailstock side center rest；10-1. tailstock
Lateral bracket mobile motor；10-2. tailstock lateral bracket hydraulic locking motor；Hold in the palm watt lubrication motor in 10-3. tailstock side；10-4. tailstock
Side center rest control station；11. barrel of tail stock；11-1. sleeve mobile motor；12. tailstock；12-1. tailstock mobile motor； 12-
2. tailstock oil pressure motor；12-3. tailstock lubrication motor；12-4. tailstock control station；13. tailstock handwheel；14. cable tank chain；
15. upper slitter stand；16.X axis servo motor；16-1.X shaft encoder；17. cutting stand；18.Z axis servo motor； 18-1.Z
Shaft encoder；18-2. knife rest lubrication motor；19. lathe bed；19-1. bed ways；19-2. bed ways；19-3. bed ways；
20. power control cabinet；20-1. input and output I/O module；20-2. direct current speeder；20-3. servo power supply module；20-4.X axis
Servo-driven module；20-5.Z axis servo-driven module；20-6. direct current 24V power supply；20-7. bang-bang circuit；20-8. is compiled
Code device module；21. spindle box back blind patch；22. knife rest mobile rack；23. knife rest cover board；24. centre frame and tailstock are mobile
Rack gear.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: old-fashioned heavy horizontal lathe NC postprocessing reproducing method
The present invention, which is realized, carries out innovation transformation to old lathe, recycles used equipment resources circulation, energy conservation and environmental protection, maximum
Excavate to limit the potential value of used equipment.Below with the production of certain KARATS company of 1970s import Japan of steel mill
For LR-17 heavy machine tool, specific implementation measure of the invention is introduced:
The lathe bed of the LR-17 heavy machine tool of Japanese KARATS company production is 11800 millimeters long, and lathe bed is 2300 millimeters wide, leads to
1700 millimeters of diameter of knife rest maximum workpieces processing are crossed, was once main force's equipment of hot rolling mill Roller Machining, due to mechanical wear, electricity
Gas system aging lacks replacement spare part, and original machinery copying and positioning Milling Function are lost, and is unable to satisfy normal production
It needs, it is necessary to carry out remanufacturing upgrading, mainly the innovative part during remanufacturing is described below below, other parts
With reference to original equipment specification.
Old-fashioned heavy horizontal lathe NC postprocessing reproducing method provided in this embodiment, including old lathe is carried out comprehensive
Analysis and disintegration, the reparation of lathe bed 19, the reparation of head frame side center rest 6, tailstock side center rest 10, the reparation of tailstock 12,
The reparation of cutter holder assembly, the reparation step of the electric control system of the reparation and lathe of lathe headstock are specific as follows:
1. a pair old lathe is analyzed and is disintegrated comprehensively:
After LR-17 heavy machine tool use, what is needed repairing includes: to three guide pass for wearing serious bed piece 19
(19-1,19-2,19-3) and relevant head frame side center rest 6, tailstock side center rest 10, tailstock 12 and cut stand 17
Kinematic pair carry out repair；Restore the walking precision of head frame side center rest 6, tailstock side center rest 10 and tailstock 12.
2. the reparation of lathe bed 19:
In the long-term use, three bed ways 19-1,19-2,19-3 are by different damages for the lathe bed 19
Bad, some places have pulled out deep trouth by iron filings, after being repaired by using cold-welding technique and re-start machining, make to lead
Rail restores precision again.
The cold-welding technique specifically: utilize high-frequency spark discharge principle, the guide rail position of damage is carried out without heat
Built-up welding, to repair the defect and abrasion on bed ways surface, when electric spark overlaying, is protected using argon gas, guarantees that repair welding position will not
Oxidation is turned blue, and selected wlding ensure that the fastness with the metallurgical bonding of guide rail matrix welding.
3. the reparation of frame side center rest 6, tailstock side center rest 10:
Mechanical, the hydraulic and electrical component of the old bracket damage of more switching center9, the movement for making center rest and positioning function are just
Often, restore the geometry of machinery precision of support watt.The head frame side center rest 6, tailstock side center rest 10 are separately mounted to
It on bed ways 19-1 and lathe bed 19-2, is made of the identical unit of two structures, one is placed on floral disc 5 and nearby shows in figure
Head frame side center rest 6, one is placed in tailstock side i.e. figure and shows tailstock side center rest 10, be mainly used to lift roll 7 into
(or milling) processing is cut in driving.The head frame side center rest 6 is moved by head frame lateral bracket mobile motor 6-1, head frame side
Watt lubrication motor 6-3 is held in the palm in bracket hydraulic locking motor 6-2 and head frame side.
By repairing and restoring following function (by taking tailstock side center rest 10 as an example): tailstock side is housed on the center rest
Bracket mobile motor 10-1 is responsible for providing power when bracket movement, transmission gear occlusion centre frame and tailstock tooth after deceleration
Item 24 enables center rest to move along bed ways 19-1 and bed ways 19-2；When the center rest moves, tailstock lateral bracket
Hydraulic locking motor 10-2 is initially powered up rotation, provides hydraulic power to unclamp bracket locking device, stops in the center rest
When mobile, bracket locking device is locked the bracket by disk spring, prevents the bracket mobile；It is mounted on the center rest
Tailstock side hold in the palm watt lubrication motor 10-3, for reduce roll and support watt between friction of motion resistance oil lubrication is provided；It adopts
With tailstock lateral bracket control station 10-4 is mounted on, center rest back-and-forth motion can be operated.
4. the reparation of tailstock 12:
Older tailstock changes mechanical, the hydraulic and electrical component of damage, keeps the movement of tailstock and positioning function normal, restores tail
The top geometry of machinery precision of cover for seat cylinder, meets roll centre hole and holds out against processing request.The tailstock 12 is mounted on lathe bed and leads
It is the important component of lathe on rail 19-1 and bed ways 19-2, when processing roll 7, it can prevent roll 7 in center rest
Upper vibration；When needing to carry out centre bore positioning process to roll 7, matched by the top of top and floral disc 5 on barrel of tail stock 11
It closes, roll 7 is held out against and is processed, can guarantee the machining accuracy of roll 7.Tailstock 12 is able to achieve following function after passing through overhaul
Can: the stretching motion of barrel of tail stock 11 is determined by the direction of rotation for the sleeve mobile motor 11-1 being mounted on tailstock 12；According to
The length of different rolls 7, tailstock 12 can be moved forward and backward on bed ways, and tailstock mobile motor 12-1 is housed on tailstock, be born
Duty provides power when tailstock movement, is engaged centre frame by reduction gearbox band nutating gear and tailstock rack gear 24 rotates, make tail
Seat 12 is moved forward and backward；When tailstock is mobile, tailstock oil pressure motor 12-2 rotation provides hydraulic coupling, tail to unclamp tailstock unlock oil cylinder
Seat can move freely；When tailstock stops mobile, tailstock oil pressure motor 12-2 stops, and unlock oil cylinder loses hydraulic coupling and makes locking machine
Structure again locks tailstock, can prevent tailstock from moving in process；Tailstock lubrication motor 12-3 is tailstock 12 and tailstock
Sleeve 11 provides oil lubrication when mobile；Tailstock control station 12-4, convenient for operation by machine.Tailstock handwheel 13 is for manual
The auxiliary device of mobile tailstock 12 or barrel of tail stock 11.
5. reparation and the further conversion of cutter holder assembly:
The mechanical drive train of knife rest feeding is repaired and is remanufactured: replacement driving motor and speed reducer and ball screw,
It is allowed to meet the requirement of numerical control processing.The cutter holder assembly, including knife rest 8, upper slitter stand 15, cut stand 17, with cut
The bed ways 19-2 and bed ways 19-3 that stand 17 is used cooperatively are the highest parts of Machine-Tool Control required precision,
It is the part for wearing most serious in the long-term use, by precision of resuming operation after the reparation of transformation property, by the Z axis of former knife rest
It is replaced with AC servo motor with X axis direct current generator, mechanical interface redesigns manufacture, and mechanical drive train will also carry out accordingly
Transformation, is easy to implement numerical control function.
Restore the cooperation precision for cutting stand 17 and bed ways 19-2 and bed ways 19-3 and upper slitter stand 15 under
Cooperation precision between carriage saddle 17 replaces the driving gear and replacement X-axis ball-screw of abrasion, improves the feeding essence of knife rest
Degree.
Under the Z axis walking function of knife rest is by being mounted on bed ways 19-2 and another bed ways 19-3
Carriage saddle 17 realizes that drive mechanism is as shown in Figure 9: Z axis motor 18 (band 1:25 speed reducer) provides power, passes through mechanical reduction
Mechanism drives gear rotation, and the drive of engaged gears knife rest rack gear 22 cuts stand 17 and back and forth transports along 19 direction of bed ways is parallel to
Row.Meanwhile it is excessive in order to reduce the gap accumulation that transmission gear is brought, the mechanical drive train transmitted is transformed as shown in figure 8, driving
Dynamic Z axis servo motor model number is 1FT7086-5AH71-1CG0 (28NM, 4500 revs/min), and the high-precision equipped with 1:25 subtracts
Fast machine, speed reducer model ABR180-25-S1-P1 (Shanghai ripples real estate product), whirlpool item of walking are as follows: M=8, Z=1, rack gear are led
Journey 24mm, total reduction ratio are 2:35, and highest space rate is (4500 × 2/35) × 24=6171.42mm.The Z axis of Z axis is compiled
Code device 18-1 and being made of one of servo motor equipment, reduce fixing link.
The X-axis walking function of knife rest realized by being mounted on the upper slitter stand 15 cut on stand 17, drive mechanism such as Fig. 9 institute
Show: providing power by being mounted on the X-axis servo motor 16 (band 1:25 speed reducer) cut on stand 17, pass through deceleration mechanism and rolling
The precision drives such as ballscrew are mechanical, and upper slitter stand 15 is driven to walk along perpendicular to bed ways X-direction.To prevent iron filings from entering
Guide rail is protected using knife rest cover board 23.Meanwhile it is excessive in order to reduce the accumulation of the bring gap of transmission gear, it will transmit
Mechanical drive train transform structure shown in Fig. 10 as: the X-axis servo motor model number of driving is 1FT7066-5AH71-1CG0
(12NM, 4500 revs/min), and it is furnished with the high-precision speed reducer of 1:25, the speed reducer model ABR115-25-(Shanghai S1-P1
Ripples real estate product), ball screw screw pitch is T=10mm, and highest space rate is (4500/25) X10=1800mm.The X-axis of X-axis is compiled
Code device 16-1 and being made of one of servo motor equipment, reduce fixing link.
The knife rest 8 (or power milling head) is mounted on carriage saddle 15, can be with X-axis servo motor 16, Z axis motor
18 operation carries out the turnery processing of various curves to roll 7.In order to carry out Milling Process, upper slitter stand 15 to workpiece
On can also install original production producer offer spcific power milling head, pass through milling head control station 8-2, control milling head motor 8-1 rotation
The Milling Process to roll 7 may be implemented.
The knife rest lubrication motor 18-2 provides power mounted in cutting on stand 17 for the intrinsic lubrication station of knife rest,
Lubricating oil is injected on the track 19 for cutting stand 17, to reduce knife rest laterally and longitudinally running resistance, the fortune of lathe is improved
Row precision.
The cable tank chain 14 is connected with stand 17 is cut, and when knife rest is moved back and forth along guide rail 19, can protect
The safety of all electric wire and cables towards knife rest.
6. the reparation of lathe headstock:
The bearing and related control block hydraulic unit in lathe headstock are replaced, restores the mechanical rotation essence of lathe floral disc again
Degree and four kinds of hydraulic gear-shifting functions of the speed of mainshaft, the DC speed regulation by the way that original main shaft generating set to be changed to all-digitized demodulator fill
20-2 is set, to improve the speed adjustable range of spindle motor 1, and real by installation floral disc rotary encoder 3 (photoelectric encoder)
The rotation angle feed-back of existing floral disc 5, substitutes the function of original spindle index motor 2, and it is fixed that floral disc automatic indexing may be implemented
Position, meets Milling Process needs, abandons spindle index motor 2, it is possible to reduce mechanical failure point at one.
The headstock 4 is the core institution of lathe, in During Process of Long-term Operation, main shaft and bearing in spindle box etc.
Transmission parts serious wear, by replacing and repairing, the running accuracy of main shaft reaches former design objective, and main shaft bearing is in maintenance
It is all replaced with new bearing, type selecting is universal models in the market, reduces the trouble and worry of spare part；By repairing the head of a bed
Hydraulic pipeline in case replaces the hydraulic component of damage, has restored the speed Control function of floral disc 5, by controlling main shaft speed change
Solenoid valve 1-4 carries out realizing third gear rotation speed change, and speed of mainshaft shift is as shown in table 1.Principal axis lubrication motor 1-3 is transmission in case
Mechanism provides lubrication and variable speed drives hydraulic power, by maintenance, enables principal axis lubrication motor 1-3 long-term work.
The elemental motion of the lathe is that floral disc 5 drags the rotation of roll 7, carries out turnery processing.The master for driving floral disc 5 to rotate
Still using the direct current generator of original import and cooling main shaft blower 1-2, one magneto of new design installation tests the speed spindle motor 1
Motor 1-1 is fed back as velocity feedback, changes the generating set dragging direct-current driving device of original machine bed producer design into modern west
The 6RA80 direct current speeder 20-2 of door subsidiary production, in this way can 20% or more energy conservation；In order to improve floral disc driven at low speed
Ability and positioning accuracy increase installation floral disc rotary encoder 3, and installation position, which is selected in, can directly display floral disc rotation angle position
It sets, is easy to implement the indexing rotation and Milling Process of roll 7.
The spindle box back blind patch 21, for covering the manhole of spindle box.Spindle box back blind patch 21 is opened,
It can check the Mechanical Running Condition in observation spindle box, installation or replacement floral disc rotary encoder 3.
2 original of spindle index motor installed on the headstock 4 is designed to drive floral disc rotation at a slow speed, due to main shaft
It is able to achieve low speed positioning trip, spindle index motor 2 can be cancelled.
7. the reparation of the electric control system of lathe:
Since Electrical Control of Machinery Tools system transform digital control system as by original common Electromechanical Control, electric cabinet and active station will
It will re-design, " control device " below part be explained in detail, the electrical component that mainly explanation lathe retains here
Repair:
Retain after spindle motor 1 (direct current generator) overhaul in the headstock frame electrical system, and increases installation permanent magnetism
Formula speed measure feedback motor 1-1, convenient for replacing original generator system using advanced digital direct curent control system.Check and
All electric sensors, the shift limit switch in spindle box are repaired, guarantees that the lubricating system of spindle box and speed change system can be just
Often work.
In the lathe tailstock electrical system, retain after all motor overhauls, checks and repair all electrical biographies of tailstock
Sensor, limit switch and low-voltage electrical element guarantee that the lubricating system of tailstock and running gear can work normally.
In the lathe center frame electrical system, retain after all motor overhauls, checks and own in rehabilitation center frame
Electric sensor, limit switch and low-voltage electrical element guarantee that the lubricating system of centre frame and running gear can work normally.
The control device that the old-fashioned heavy horizontal lathe NC postprocessing of embodiment 2. remanufactures
The control device that old-fashioned heavy horizontal lathe NC postprocessing remanufactures described in the present embodiment, including electrical control cabinet
20, on-site control station 9 and the motor being mounted on lathe, sensor, limit switch and low-voltage electrical element.Fig. 5 is numerical control dress
The electrical structure block diagram set, Fig. 6 are the main circuit diagrams of numerical control device.
The control device that the old-fashioned heavy horizontal lathe NC postprocessing remanufactures is control core with 828DSL digital control system
The heart integrates CNC, PLC, operation interface and axis control function, has good open interface and control function, subtracts significantly
The transformation difficulty of numerical control of machine tools is lacked.In specific design, the direct current generator that original knife rest drives is replaced with X-axis servo motor
16, Z axis motor 18, the relay logic circuit that original hardware is formed are changed to programmable controller (abbreviation PLC) control
The relay logic circuit of system carries out numerical control design and programming Control, newly-increased PPU host 9-1 (numerically-controlled machine tool convenient for designer
Human-machine Control interface), can allow to be ignorant of the machine tooling personnel of numerical control programming by Chinese interface, carry out procedure selection and
Parameter setting realizes 7 NC automatic processing of roll；Maintenance personal can pass through alarm circle at numerically-controlled machine tool Human-machine Control interface
Face understands the reason of machine failure is shut down, and reduces the machine upkeep time.By numerical control device, make original common heavy horizontal-type
Lathe is turned into structurally reasonable, easy to operate, safe and reliable numerically controlled lathe.
The Machine-Tool Control station 9 is fixed on machine tool stand 17, can be moved with the movement of knife rest, convenient for operation
Personnel observe at any time with manipulation, the Machine-Tool Control station is by PPU host 9-1, MCP control panel 9-2, MINI for being connected with data line
Handheld unit 9-3 composition, PPU host 9-1 use Siemens SINUMERIK 828D digital control system, collect CNC, PLC, operation interface
And axis control function is in one, model PPU261.2；MCP control panel 9-2 is application specific standard number matched with PPU host
Panel is controlled, can be carried out programming and the process operation of workpiece turning or milling, MINI handheld unit 9-3 is also mating with PPU host
Special manual operating member, can control respectively manually X, Z axis motor micro corner operation, it is easy to process during manually it is right
Knife and the adjustment amount of feeding.The electric current display instrument of spindle motor is also equipped on the panel at Machine-Tool Control station 9, it may be observed that lathe master
The load state of axis determines depth of cut convenient for operator under safe range, improves processing efficiency.The band key installed on panel
Spoon switch, can prevent other people from operating lathe without card, and the scram button of installation can stop in emergency when lathe breaks down.
The power control cabinet 20 is arranged in the head frame side of lathe, is connected by cable with the electrical equipment of lathe.It is automatically controlled
Ups power, direct current speeder required for Machine-Tool Control, servo drive and matched PLC control are mainly installed in cabinet
Low voltage electrical equipment processed.Ups power is broken down disconnected to protect the data of numerical control device not lose because of unexpected have a power failure
The alarm signal of failure, personnel inspection maintenance easy to repair can be recorded when electric.The type of the direct current 24V power supply 20-6 installed in electric cabinet
Number be 6EP1336-3BA00, provide power supply for all 24V electric components in power control cabinet 20.
In the power control cabinet 20, the major loop of the servo drive of main shaft direct current speeder and knife rest feeding is installed
Circuit.
As shown in Figure 6: direct current speeder 20-2 uses Siemens Company 6RA8085-6DV62 type full digital direct current tune
Speed variator can control spindle motor 1 and carry out four quadrant running, and magneto tachometer generator 1-1 is mounted on the tail portion of spindle motor,
110 voltages can be exported when revolving speed is 2000rpm, the speed feedback control for spindle motor.Floral disc rotary encoder 3 is installed
In spindle box, for detecting the rotation angle and revolving speed of floral disc, order model 6FX2001-2CC50；Coder module
The model SMC30 (order model are as follows: 6SL3055-0AA00-5BA3) of 20-8, it can convert the signal of floral disc encoder 3
PPU host 9-1 is transmitted to by Drive-CLiQ bus afterwards, carries out real-time display, and pass through output end (X252-1, X252-2)
The output for exporting the analog signal control straight 20-2 of direct current speeder, realizes the revolving speed to spindle motor 1 (direct current generator) and side
To control.Air switch QF10 in Fig. 6 provides working power for direct current speeder, when power phase shortage, speed occurs in spindle motor
When the failures such as degree feedback loss or stall, which can issue signal, and contactor KM10 power loss disconnects, and protect this dress
Safety is set, and shows fault code, personnel's trouble shooting easy to repair.
The control device of knife rest servo motor uses Siemens Company SINAMICS S120 alternating-current servo controller, servo
The product type of power module 20-3 is 6SL3130-6AE21-0AB1, and the product type of the servo-driven module 20-4 of X-axis is
6SL3120-1TE21-8AA4, the X-axis servo motor 16 of driving model 1FT7066-5AH71-1CG0 (12NM, 4500
Rev/min), the photoelectric encoder 16-1 component that X-axis servo motor carries thus；The product type of the servo-driven module 20-5 of Z axis
Number be 6SL3120-1TE23-0AA3, the Z axis motor 18 of driving using model 1FT7086-5AH71-1CG0 (28NM, 4500
Rev/min) servo motor, the photoelectric encoder 18-1 included component of Z axis motor thus.The photoelectricity that X-axis and Z axis motor carry is compiled
Code device not only can control X, Z axis motor operation speed, lathe semiclosed loop position control is also able to achieve, due to roll turning precision
Of less demanding, this servo-system is fitted without the grating scale of position-force control.Servo power supply module in Fig. 5 can occur
It is automatically stopped power supply when the failures such as power phase shortage, velocity feedback loss or stall, protection servo-system is not damaged；Once servo
There is short trouble in power module, and air switch QF23 can be disconnected automatically, prevents servo-system from further damaging.
In the power control cabinet 20, equipped with the digital IO I/O module 20- being connected with PPU host 9-1 with data line
1, model PP72/48D 2/2A.Bang-bang circuit 20-7 is also equipped in power control cabinet 20, mainly by air switch, relay
Device, contactor and related low voltage control components composition, the control signal that can receive input and output I/O module 20-1 provide servo dress
It sets the AC power source with direct current speeder and makes to can control signal, control various motor operations；It can control motor in headstock
With electromagnetism valve events, realizes lubrication and automatic gear-shifting, input and output I/O module 20-1 is transported to by collection site signal, it can
To monitor the main shaft oil temperature in headstock, prevent lack of lubrication from causing bearing bush abrasion；Motor and electromagnetism valve events in tailstock are controlled,
Sleeve stretch pressure is monitored, failure defective work piece is prevented；It is simultaneously head frame side center rest control station 6-4, in tailstock side
The heart bracket control station 10-4 and milling head control station 8-2 provide electrical source of power.
The electrical diagram of the electrical digital control system of the lathe is as shown in Figure 5: Fig. 5 is according to SINUMERIK 828DSL
Normal structure block diagram is designed, and the SINUMERIK 828DSL based on panel is a compact digital control system, support vehicle,
Miller skill application, completely self-contained turning and milling application systems software, can preset function as much as possible.PPU master
Machine 9-1 realizes high speed reliable communicating by Drive-CLiQ bus and total word drive SINAMICS S120, drives X-axis, Z axis
Motor presses specified two-axle interlocking program operation, moreover it is possible to high speed reliable communicating is realized with coder module 20-8, by floral disc encoder 3
Signal become corner and show show with speed, and by the rotation speed of output analog control signal control direct current generator with stop
Stop bit is set, and realizes automatic indexing Milling Process.PPU host 9-1 passes through PROFINET bus and MCP control panel 9-2 and input
It exports I/O module 20-1 to be connected, PLC ladder diagram maximum step number is able to achieve complicated relay programming in logic up to 24000 in host
Control can sufficiently meet every control needs of lathe, the on-off of relay and contactor in bang-bang circuit 20-7
It is controlled by input and output I/O module 20-1 output signal, the 380V AC power source of input can be correctly assigned to each hold
Row unit, according to regulation program requirement movement, meanwhile, spot sensor and limit switch signal are sent to input and output I/O mould
The input terminal of block 20-1 enables digital control system Automatic-searching reference point, establishes the coordinate system of lathe, and can according to on-site signal into
Row fault alarm and protection, prevent failure from damaging machine tool component.
Three, applicating example:
The course of work of the invention is simply introduced with two examples below.
1. turnery processing:
The program chart for carrying out turnery processing is shown in Fig. 7, firstly, roll 7 is filled according to method shown in FIG. 1
Card, after roll 7 is installed, carries out aim at tool operation with MINI handheld unit 9-3, then selects to be stored in advance in man-machine interface
Turnery processing program in host, and associated technical parameters are inputted according to the processing request of roll 7, after confirmation is normal, presses and " open
Begin " key, lathe will be according to program, and starting floral disc drives roll 7 to rotate, and X, Z axis motor drive knife according to the curve of procedure stipulation
Frame 8 carries out turnery processing to roll 7, if midway is found the problem, can press " stopping " button, pause is processed, after having handled also
It can continue automatic processing, until program is covered；It, also can interrupt routine stopping processing if problem cannot be handled.
2. Milling Process:
The program chart for carrying out Milling Process is shown in Fig. 8, firstly, changing the cutter on knife rest 8 into original production producer
The special milling head of offer connects milling head control cable connector, operates milling head control station 8-2, whether just to test milling head movement
Often.Roll 7 is loaded according to method shown in FIG. 1, after roll 7 is installed, is carried out with MINI handheld unit 9-3 to knife
Then operation selects the Milling Process program being stored in advance in host in man-machine interface, and according to the processing request of roll 7
Associated technical parameters are inputted, after confirmation is normal, " beginning " key is pressed in starting milling head motor rotation, and lathe will start flower according to program
Disk stops after driving roll 7 to rotate by a certain angle, and X, Z axis motor drive milling cutter to mill roll according to the curve of procedure stipulation
Processing is cut, if midway is found the problem, " stopping " button can be pressed, pause processing can also continue to process automatically after having handled, directly
It is covered to program；It, also can interrupt routine stopping processing if problem cannot be handled.
Electromagnetic valve coil and limit switch state table when 1 spindle speed of table converts
Claims (2)
1. a kind of old-fashioned heavy horizontal lathe NC postprocessing reproducing method, it is characterized in that by being disintegrated to old lathe comprehensively
It is repaired with remanufacturing, restores the running accuracy and control function of the mechanical moving element of old lathe again, by original machine bed floral disc
Numerically controlled direct current speeder is helped in the generating set upgrading of main shaft drives, to improve speed adjustable range and the control of spindle motor
Precision processed, and realize that floral disc rotates angle feed-back by installation photoelectric encoder, so that floral disc positioning accuracy is able to satisfy roll simple
Automatic indexing Xiyanping injection needs；Increase 828DSL digital control system newly in lathe power control cabinet, replacement knife rest feeds motor, using can
Sequence controller is programmed, accurate track location control is realized to lathe tool or milling cutter feeding；Increase Chinese Human-machine Control interface, realizes
Roll automatic numerical control machining；
Disintegrate and remanufacture in repair process carrying out analysis comprehensively to old lathe, includes head frame side center support to center rest
Frame and tailstock side center rest, repair it using following methods: replacement center rest damages mechanical, hydraulic and electrical
Element keeps the movement of center rest and positioning function normal, restores the geometry of machinery precision of support watt；
During restoring the running accuracy and control function of mechanical moving element of old lathe, to feeding bearing, hydraulic member
Part and electrical and feeding motor replacement, the reparation of hydraulic control system and the redesign of electric-control system, become old lathe
As easy to operate, safe and reliable numerically controlled lathe；
Disintegrate and remanufacture in repair process carrying out analysis comprehensively to old lathe, first to the serious bed piece of abrasion
The kinematic pair of three guide pass and the center rest that is corresponding to it, tailstock, cutter holder assembly and cutter holder assembly lower part carries out repair, restores
The precision of walking and the cooperation of these components；X-axis ball-screw is replaced again, improves the feed accuracy of X-axis；Then lathe master is replaced
Bearing and control block hydraulic unit in axle box restore the mechanical running accuracy of lathe floral disc again and four kinds of the speed of mainshaft hydraulic are changed
Keep off function；
After being repaired using cold-welding technique and re-start machining, guide pass is made to restore precision, the cold welding again
Technology specifically: utilize high-frequency spark discharge principle, the guide rail position of damage weld without thermal reactor, to repair bed ways
The defect and abrasion in face are protected using argon gas when electric spark overlaying, are guaranteed that repair welding position will not aoxidize and are turned blue, selected wlding guarantees
The fastness that metallurgical bonding with guide rail matrix is welded；
Tailstock is repaired using following methods: replacing mechanical, the hydraulic and electrical component of old tailstock damage, makes the shifting of tailstock
Dynamic and positioning function is normal, restores the top geometry of machinery precision of barrel of tail stock, meets roll centre hole and hold out against processing request.
2. old-fashioned heavy horizontal lathe NC postprocessing reproducing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that using with lower section
The mechanical drive train of knife rest feeding in method cutter setting frame component is repaired and is remanufactured: replacement driving motor and speed reducer and rolling
The Z axis of former knife rest and X-axis direct current generator are replaced with AC servo motor, speed reducer model ABR115-by ballscrew
25-S1-P1, ball screw screw pitch are T=10mm, are allowed to meet the requirement of numerical control processing.
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| CN106166626B (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-11-06 | 蚌埠液力机械有限公司 | Horizontal milling machine automatic machining device for manufacturing guide sleeve spanner slot |
| CN107065766A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-08-18 | 冶金自动化研究设计院 | A kind of electric control gear and method for diameter-adjustable Centreless lathe closed loop toolsetting |
| CN108044132A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-05-18 | 凤城市时代龙增压器制造有限公司 | A kind of Machining of Shaft-type Parts special purpose lathe |
| CN108873816A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-11-23 | 南通理工学院 | Machine tool transformation system |
| CN110814364A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-02-21 | 太仓金钢重机轧辊有限公司 | Lathe for machining roller |
| CN110802240A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-02-18 | 太仓金钢重机轧辊有限公司 | Numerical control lathe with automatic clamping function |
| CN111644641A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-09-11 | 青岛杰出精密机械有限公司 | Novel double-power-feed numerical control heavy horizontal lathe |
| CN112405065A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-02-26 | 马鞍山绿准数控科技有限公司 | Feeding system of numerical control machine tool |
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