CN105343859A - 一种治疗眩晕症的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗眩晕症的药物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗眩晕症的药物及其制备方法,其主要是由半夏,白术,泽泻,代赭石,茯苓,陈皮,钩藤,当归,川芎,黄芩,丹参,白僵蚕等按一定重量配比制备而成,本发明药物具有宁心安神、熄风定惊、清热燥湿的功能,用于治疗眩晕症见效快,疗效好,无副作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗眩晕症的药物及其制备方法,属中药领域。
背景技术
眩晕是因机体对空间定位障碍而产生的一种动性或位置性错觉,它涉及多个学科。绝大多数人一生中均经历此症。眩晕是由眼、本体觉或前庭***疾病引起的,有明显的外物或自身旋转感。心血管疾病、脑血管疾病、贫血、***、药物中毒、内分泌疾病及神经官能症等几乎都有轻重不等的头晕症状,患者感觉“飘飘荡荡”,没有明确转动感。由于西药无法有效快速治疗眩晕症,因此人们对有效治疗眩晕症的中药药物存在极大的需求,至今为止,还没有发现关于本发明的有关报道。
发明内容
本发明人经过反复的研究和临床试验的反复验证,终于找到了有效治疗眩晕症的药物,从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种有效的治疗眩晕症的中药组合药物。
本发明的另一目的就是提供了该中药组合药物的制备方法。
本发明药物是选择半夏,白术,泽泻,代赭石,茯苓,陈皮,钩藤,当归,川芎,黄芩,丹参,白僵蚕,竹茹,白芍,牡丹皮,全蝎,甘草,夏枯草,川牛膝,野菊花,生地黄,枸杞子,山药,菟丝子,肉苁蓉,山萸肉,杜仲,石决明,柴胡,远志,干姜,大枣进行组合制备的,将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用,从而能够有效治疗眩晕症。其中,选用半夏是因为其性味辛,温,有毒,入脾、胃经,有燥湿化痰,降逆止呕,消痞散结的功能,治湿痰冷饮,呕吐,反胃,咳喘痰多,胸膈胀满,痰厥头痛,头晕不眠,外消痈肿。选用白术是因为其性味苦甘,温,入脾、胃经,有补脾,益胃,燥湿,和中的功能,治脾胃气弱,不思饮食,倦怠少气,虚胀,泄泻,痰饮,水肿,黄疸,湿痹,小便不利,头晕,自汗,胎气不安。选用泽泻是因为其性味甘,寒,入膀胱经,有利水,渗湿,泄热的功能,治小便不利,水肿肛满,呕吐,泻痢,痰饮,脚气,淋病,尿血。选用代赭石是因为其性味苦甘,平,入肝、胃、心胞经,有平肝镇逆,凉血止血的功能,治噫气呕逆,噎膈反胃,哮喘,惊癎,吐血,鼻衄,肠风,痔痿,崩漏带下。选用茯苓是因为其性味甘淡,平,入心、脾、肺经,有渗湿利水,益脾和胃,宁心安神的功能,治小便不利水肿胀痛,痰饮咳逆,呕哕,泄泻,遗精,淋浊,惊悸,健忘。选用陈皮是因为其性味苦、辛,温,归肺、脾经,有理气健脾,燥湿化痰的功能,治胸脘胀满,食少吐泻,咳嗽痰多。选用钩藤是因为其性味苦,凉,入肝、心经,有清热平肝,熄风定惊的功能,治小儿惊癎瘈瘲,大人血压偏高,头晕、目眩,妇人子癎。选用当归是因为其性味甘辛,温,入心、肝、脾经,有补血和血,调经止痛,润燥滑肠的功能,治***,经闭腹痛,癥瘕结聚,崩漏,血虚头痛,眩晕,痿痹,肠燥难便,赤痢后重,痈疽疮疡,金疮,跌扑损伤。选用川芎是因为其性味辛,温,入肝、胆经,有行气开郁,祛风燥湿,活血止痛的功能,治风冷头痛旋晕,胁痛腹疼,寒痹筋挛,经闭,难产,产后瘀阻块痛,痈疽疮疡。选用黄芩是因为其性味苦寒,入心肺、胆、大肠经,有泻实火,除湿热,止血安胎的功能,治壮热烦渴,肺热咳嗽。选用丹参是因为其性味苦,微温,入心、肝经,有活血去瘀,安神宁心,排脓,止痛的功能,治心绞痛,***,痛经,以闭,血崩带下,癥瘕,积聚,瘀血腹痛,骨节疼痛,惊悸不眠,恶疮肿毒。选用白僵蚕是因为其性味辛咸,平,入肝、肺、胃经,有祛风解痉,化痰散结的功能,治中风失音,惊癎,头风,喉风,喉痹,瘰疬结核,风疮瘾疹,丹毒,乳腺炎。选用竹茹是因为其性味甘,凉,入胃、胆经,有清热,凉血,化痰,止吐的功能,治烦热呕吐、呃逆,痰热咳喘,吐血,衄血,崩漏,恶阻,胎动,惊癎。选用白芍是因为其性味苦酸,凉,入肝、脾经,有养血柔肝,缓中止痛,敛阴收汗的功能,治胸腹胁肋疼痛,泻痢腹痛,自汗盗汗,阴虚发热,***,崩漏,带下。选用牡丹皮是因为其性味辛苦,凉,入心、肝、肾经,有清热,凉血,和血,消瘀的功能,治热入血分,发斑,惊癎,吐、衄、便血,骨蒸劳热,经闭,癥瘕,痈疡,扑损。选用全蝎是因为其性味咸辛,平,有毒,入足厥阴经,有祛风,止痉,通络,解毒的功能,治惊风抽搐,癫癎,中风、半身不遂、口眼喎斜,偏头痛,风湿痹痛,破伤风,***结核,风疹疮肿。选用甘草是因为其性味甘平,归脾、胃肺经,有润肺,解毒的功能,炙用治脾胃虚弱,食少,腹痛,便溏,劳倦发热,肺痿咳嗽。选用夏枯草是因为其性味苦辛,寒,入肝、胆经,有清肝,散结的功能,治瘰疬,瘿瘤,乳痈,乳癌,目珠夜痛,羞明流泪,头目眩晕,口眼歪斜,筋骨疼痛,肺结核,急性黄疸型传染性肝炎,血崩,带下。选用川牛膝是因为其性味平,味苦微苦,无毒,入肝、肾二经,有祛风,利湿,通经,活血的功能,治风湿腰膝疼痛,脚痿筋挛,血淋,尿血,妇女经闭,癥瘕。选用野菊花是因为其性味苦辛,凉,入肺、肝经,有疏风清热,消肿解毒的功能,治风热感冒,肺炎,白喉,胃肠炎,高血压,疔,痈,口疮,丹毒,湿疹,天泡疮。选用生地黄是因为其性味甘,寒,归心、肝、肾经,有清热凉血,养阴,生津的功能,治热病烦渴,阴虚内热,骨蒸劳热,内热消渴,吐血,衄血,发斑发疹。选用枸杞子是因为其性味甘,平,有滋肾,润肺,补肝,明目的功能,治肝肾阴亏,腰膝酸软,头晕目眩,目昏多泪,虚劳咳嗽,消渴,遗精。选用山药是因为其性味甘,平,入肺、脾、肾经,有健脾,补肺,固肾,益精的功能,治脾虚泄泻,久痢,虚劳咳嗽,消渴,遗精、带下,小便频数。选用菟丝子是因为其性味辛甘,平,入肝、肾经,有补肝肾,益精髓,明目的功能,治腰膝酸痛,遗精,消渴,尿有余沥,目暗。选用肉苁蓉是因为其性味甘酸咸,温,入肾、大肠经,有补肾,益精,润燥,清肠的功能,治男子阳痿,女子***,带下,血崩,腰膝冷痛,血枯便秘。选用山萸肉是因为其性味酸,微温,有补肝肾,涩精气的功能,治阳萎,遗精,肝虚寒热,心摇脉散。选用杜仲是因为其性味甘微辛,温,入肝、肾经,有补肝肾,强筋骨,安胎的功能,治腰脊酸疼,足膝痿弱,小便余沥,阴下湿痒,胎漏欲堕,高血压。选用石决明是因为其性味咸,平,入肝、肾经,有平肝潜阳,除热,明目的功能,治风阳上扰,头痛眩晕,惊搐,骨蒸劳热,青盲内障。选用柴胡是因为其性味苦,凉,入肝、胆经,有和解表里,疏肝,升阳的功能,治寒热往来,胸满胁痛,口苦耳聋,头痛目眩,疟疾,下利脱肛,***,子宫下垂。选用远志是因为其性味苦辛,温,入心、肾经,有安神益智,祛痰,解郁的功能,治惊悸,健忘,梦遗,失眠,咳嗽多痰,痈疽疮肿。选用干姜是因为其性味辛,温,入肺、胃、脾经,有发表,散寒,止呕,开痰的功能,治感冒风寒,呕吐,痰饮,喘咳,胀满,泄泻,解半夏、天南星及鱼蟹、鸟兽肉毒。选用大枣是因为其性味甘,温,入脾、胃经,有补脾和胃,益气生津,调营卫,解药毒的功能,治胃虚食少,脾弱便溏,气血津液不足,营卫不和,心悸怔忡,妇人脏躁。胆星性味苦凉,有清心化痰,镇惊定痛的功能,治中风痰速,头风眩晕。
具体实施方式
本发明组分的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的,各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好的疗效:
半夏8-16克,白术10-20克,泽泻10-20克,代赭石10-20克,茯苓8-12克,陈皮10-15克、钩藤10-15克、当归10-15克、川芎10-15克,黄芩10-15克,丹参10-15克,白僵蚕10-15克,竹茹8-12克,白芍8-12克,牡丹皮8-12克,全蝎4-6克,甘草4-6克,夏枯草8-12克,川牛膝8-12克,野菊花8-12克,生地黄8-12克,枸杞子8-12克,山药8-10克,菟丝子8-12克,肉苁蓉8-12克,山萸肉10-15克,杜仲10-15克,石决明15-20克,柴胡5-8克,远志5-8克,干姜5-8克,大枣3-15克,胆星5-10克。
优选为:
半夏9克,白术15克,泽泻15克,代赭石15克,茯苓12克,陈皮12克、钩藤12克、当归12克、川芎12克,黄芩12克,丹参12克,白僵蚕12克,竹茹9克,白芍9克,牡丹皮9克,全蝎6克,甘草6克,夏枯草10克,川牛膝10克,野菊花10克,生地黄10克、枸杞子10克、山药10克、菟丝子10克、肉苁蓉10克、山萸肉12克、杜仲12克,石决明20克,柴胡6克,远志6克,干姜6克,大枣10克,胆星8克。
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、半夏:拣去杂质,筛去灰屑;
2、白术:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,泡后捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
3、泽泻:拣去杂质,大小分档,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,晒凉,闷润至内外湿度均匀,切片,晒干;
4、代赭石:除去杂质,砸碎,过筛;
5、茯苓:用水浸泡,洗净捞出,闷透后,切片,晒干;
6、陈皮:取原药材,除去杂质及变黑的果皮,抢水洗净,润软,切丝,晒干或低温干燥,筛去灰屑;
7、钩藤:拣去老梗、杂质,洗净,晒干;
8、当归:拣去杂质,洗净,闷润,稍晾,切片晒干;
9、川芎:拣去杂质,分开大、小个,用水浸泡,晒晾,闷润后切片,干燥;
10、黄芩:拣去杂质,除去残茎,用凉水浸润或置开水中稍浸捞出,切片,晒干;
11、丹参:拣净杂质,除去根茎,洗净,捞出,润透后切片,晾干;
12、白僵蚕:拣去丝毛,洗净灰土,晒干;
13、竹茹:除去硬竹签、杂质,抖掉灰屑,揉成小团或切段
14、白芍:拣去杂质,分开大小个,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片,干燥;
15、牡丹皮:拣去杂质,除去木心,洗净,润透,切片,晾干;
16、全蝎:清水漂去盐质,晒干,或微火焙用;
17、甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透,切片,晾干;
18、夏枯草:取原药材,除去枝梗、叶片及杂质,筛去灰屑;
19、川牛膝:拣去杂质,晾干;
20、野菊花:秋季花盛开时采收,晒干;
21、生地黄:取原药材,除去杂质,洗净,稍润,切厚片,干燥,筛去碎屑;
22、枸杞子:簸净杂质,摘去残留的梗和蒂;
23、山药:拣净杂质,用水浸泡至山药中心部软化为度,捞出稍晾,切片晒干或烘干;
24、菟丝子:过箩去净杂质,洗净,晒干;
25、肉苁蓉:拣净杂质,清水浸泡,每天换水1—2次,如系咸苁蓉,泡尽盐分,润透,纵向切片,晒干;
26、山萸肉:洗净,除去果核及杂质,晒干;
27、杜仲:除去粗皮,洗净,润透,切成方块或丝条,晒干;
28、石决明:洗净晾干,敲成碎块;
29、柴胡:拣去杂质,除去残茎,洗净泥沙,捞出,润透后及时切片,晒干;
30远志:拣去杂质,切段,筛去灰屑;
31、干姜:拣去杂质,洗净泥土,用时切片;
32、大枣:拣净杂质,晒干;
33、胆星:拣净杂质,按量提取;
二、制备
1、将所述重量的半夏,白术,泽泻,代赭石,茯苓,陈皮,钩藤,当归,川芎,黄芩,丹参,白僵蚕,竹茹,白芍,牡丹皮,全蝎,甘草,夏枯草,川牛膝,野菊花,生地黄,枸杞子,山药,菟丝子,肉苁蓉,山萸肉,杜仲,石决明,柴胡,远志,干姜,大枣,胆星加水煎煮二次,第一次加水8倍量,浸泡150分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮30分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内。
2、将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,先用武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟过滤,将第二次煎煮液倒入容器内。
3、将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀即得,分成4剂服用。
组方中半夏降逆止呕,消痞散结,治痰厥头痛,头晕不眠为君药;茯苓渗湿利水,益脾和胃,宁心安神,钩藤清热平肝,熄风定惊,治头晕、目眩二者为臣药,三味药共同发挥清热平肝宁心安神、清热定惊的作用;且以宁心安神,熄风定惊为主可治本;川芎行气开郁,祛风燥湿为佐药;白术有补脾,益胃,燥湿,和中的功能,与下余诸药是治标。
本发明药物具有宁心安神、熄风定惊、清热燥湿的功能,用于治疗眩晕症,疗程短、见效快、治愈后不复发、无毒副作用。
具体实施方式:
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果,这些试验例包括本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床疗效观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告:
取家兔30只,雌雄兼用,体重2.0—2.5kg,分两组,每组15只,其中一组为超剂量试验组,另一组为正常量试验组。服用混合液超常量组为20ml/kg,正常量为10ml/kg,给药方式为灌胃法给药,每天两次,连服7天,每天观察给药反应,结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常,药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物的临床疗效观察
1、一般资料
收治眩晕症门诊患者共42例。
2、诊断标准
眩晕是多个***发生病变时所引起的主观感觉障碍,眩是目眩,即眼花或眼前发黑,视物模糊;晕是头晕,即感觉自身或外界景物旋转,站立不稳,二者并发,常伴以客观的平衡障碍,如姿势不稳或躯体向一侧倾斜。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂,给患者服用,每次服用1剂,每天早、晚各服1次,7天为一个疗程,连续服用2个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准
显效:眩晕症症状消失,痊愈;
好转:头晕减轻,视力逐步恢复正常,眩晕症症状明显好转;
无效:达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果(见下表)
在上述治疗中,用本发明药物治疗眩晕症患者42例,结果显效38例,显效率为90.48%,好转3例,好转率为7.14%,无效1例,总有效率为97.62%。
Claims (3)
1.一种治疗眩晕症的药物,其特征在于:它是由下列用量范围内的原料药制成:半夏8-16克,白术10-20克,泽泻10-20克,代赭石10-20克,茯苓8-12克,陈皮10-15克、钩藤10-15克、当归10-15克、川芎10-15克,黄芩10-15克,丹参10-15克,白僵蚕10-15克,竹茹8-12克,白芍8-12克,牡丹皮8-12克,全蝎4-6克,甘草4-6克,夏枯草8-12克,川牛膝8-12克,野菊花8-12克,生地黄8-12克,枸杞子8-12克,山药8-10克,菟丝子8-12克,肉苁蓉8-12克,山萸肉10-15克,杜仲10-15克,石决明15-20克,柴胡5-8克,远志5-8克,干姜5-8克,大枣3-15克,胆星5-10克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物,其中各原料药的用量为:
半夏9克,白术15克,泽泻15克,代赭石15克,茯苓12克,陈皮12克、钩藤12克、当归12克、川芎12克,黄芩12克,丹参12克,白僵蚕12克,竹茹9克,白芍9克,牡丹皮9克,全蝎6克,甘草6克,夏枯草10克,川牛膝10克,野菊花10克,生地黄10克、枸杞子10克、山药10克、菟丝子10克、肉苁蓉10克、山萸肉12克、杜仲12克,石决明20克,柴胡6克,远志6克,干姜6克,大枣10克,胆星8克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法,它包括下列步骤:
(一)备料
(1)半夏:拣去杂质,筛去灰屑;
(2)白术:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,泡后捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
(3)泽泻:拣去杂质,大小分档,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,晒凉,闷润至内外湿度均匀,切片,晒干;
(4)代赭石:除去杂质,砸碎,过筛;
(5)茯苓:用水浸泡,洗净捞出,闷透后,切片,晒干;
(6)陈皮:取原药材,除去杂质及变黑的果皮,抢水洗净,润软,切丝,晒干或低温干燥,筛去灰屑;
(7)钩藤:拣去老梗、杂质,洗净,晒干;
(8)当归:拣去杂质,洗净,闷润,稍晾,切片晒干;
(9)川芎:拣去杂质,分开大、小个,用水浸泡,晒晾,闷润后切片,干燥;
(10)黄芩:拣去杂质,除去残茎,用凉水浸润或置开水中稍浸捞出,切片,晒干;
(11)丹参:拣净杂质,除去根茎,洗净,捞出,润透后切片,晾干;
(12)白僵蚕:拣去丝毛,洗净灰土,晒干;
(13)竹茹:除去硬竹签、杂质,抖掉灰屑,揉成小团或切段
(14)白芍:拣去杂质,分开大小个,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片,干燥;
(15)牡丹皮:拣去杂质,除去木心,洗净,润透,切片,晾干;
(16)全蝎:清水漂去盐质,晒干,或微火焙用;
(17)甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透,切片,晾干;
(18)夏枯草:取原药材,除去枝梗、叶片及杂质,筛去灰屑;
(19)川牛膝:拣去杂质,晾干;
(20)野菊花:秋季花盛开时采收,晒干;
(21)生地黄:取原药材,除去杂质,洗净,稍润,切厚片,干燥,筛去碎屑;
(22)枸杞子:簸净杂质,摘去残留的梗和蒂;
(23)山药:拣净杂质,用水浸泡至山药中心部软化为度,捞出稍晾,切片晒干或烘干;
(24)菟丝子:过箩去净杂质,洗净,晒干;
(25)肉苁蓉:拣净杂质,清水浸泡,每天换水1—2次,如系咸苁蓉,泡尽盐分,润透,纵向切片,晒干;
(26)山萸肉:洗净,除去果核及杂质,晒干;
(27)杜仲:除去粗皮,洗净,润透,切成方块或丝条,晒干;
(28)石决明:洗净晾干,敲成碎块;
(29)柴胡:拣去杂质,除去残茎,洗净泥沙,捞出,润透后及时切片,晒干;
(30)远志:拣去杂质,切段,筛去灰屑;
(31)干姜:拣去杂质,洗净泥土,用时切片;
(32)大枣:拣净杂质,晒干;
(33)胆星:拣净杂质,按量提取;
(二)制备
(1)将所述重量的半夏,白术,泽泻,代赭石,茯苓,陈皮,钩藤,当归,川芎,黄芩,丹参,白僵蚕,竹茹,白芍,牡丹皮,全蝎,甘草,夏枯草,川牛膝,野菊花,生地黄,枸杞子,山药,菟丝子,肉苁蓉,山萸肉,杜仲,石决明,柴胡,远志,干姜,大枣,胆星加水煎煮二次,第一次加水8倍量,浸泡150分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮30分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
(2)将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,先用武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟过滤,将第二次煎煮液倒入容器内;
(3)将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀即得,分成4剂服用。
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