CN105337429A - Hybrid excitation-type stator partition-type hybrid permanent magnet flux switching memory motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a hybrid excitation-type stator partition-type hybrid permanent magnet flux switching memory motor, which comprises an outer stator, an inner partition stator and a middle rotor, wherein the inner partition stator has a structure of an inner layer and an outer layer closely attached together, the outer layer is formed by an inner stator iron core and NdFeB permanent magnets, the NdFeB permanent magnets are uniformly embedded in the inner stator iron core along the circumferential direction, the NdFeB permanent magnets are magnetized tangentially, and the magnetizing directions of two adjacent NdFeB permanent magnets are opposite; and the inner layer is formed by pulse magnetizing windings and AlNiCo permanent magnets capable of being magnetized and demagnetized in an online mode, the AlNiCo permanent magnets are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, an inner stator groove is arranged between adjacent two AlNiCo permanent magnets, and the pulse magnetizing windings serially connected from beginning to end in sequence are placed in the inner stator grooves and are wound on the AlNiCo permanent magnets. Thus, under the same motor size, the amount of permanent magnets and the amount of armature windings can be increased to enhance torque density, the magnetic strength of the AlNiCo permanent magnets can be adjusted in an online mode, and a wide speed regulation range is provided.

Description

A kind of hybrid excitation type stator partition type hybrid permanent magnet magnetic flux switches memory electrical machine

Technical field

The invention belongs to field of motor manufacturing, relate to permanent magnet flux switching motor and memory electrical machine, for driving hybrid vehicle, electric automobile.

Background technology

As the automobile drive motor of one of the crucial execution unit of hybrid vehicle, electric automobile, the quality of its driveability directly affects the vehicle performance of hybrid vehicle, electric automobile.In automobile drive motor field, being most widely used is permagnetic synchronous motor, is that the permagnetic synchronous motor of excitation material has the advantage such as high efficiency, high power density with neodymium iron boron.Compared with traditional rotor permanent magnet type permagnetic synchronous motor, on stator permanent magnetic type electric rotor both without permanent magnet also without winding, there is Stability Analysis of Structures, install simple, heat radiation is convenient, moment of inertia is little, be applicable to the advantage of high-speed cruising.The wherein flux switch permanent magnet motor of stator permanent magnetic type, by its special poly-magnetic effect make the torque of motor and power density comparatively double salient-pole electric machine and magnetic flux reverse motor can accomplish higher, be more suitable for the electric automobile field that strict limiting motor size needs again compared with high output simultaneously.But, it is no matter traditional permagnetic synchronous motor or flux switch permanent magnet motor is owing to adopting permanent magnetic steel as single excitation source, air-gap field is constant, when needs weak magnetic speed-up runs, often can only adopt the mode of vector control, weaken air-gap field, by restrictions such as armature size of current, inverter capacity by the weak magnetoelectricity flow component of d-axis applying the armature supply continued, thus electric machine speed regulation scope is very limited, and the efficiency in weak magnetic speed-up interval is lower.

For widening the speed adjustable range of magneto, more feasible scheme adopts composite excitation technology, China Patent No. is the hybrid exciting synchronous motor proposed in the patent documentation of ZL200720035049.6, China Patent No. is the double salient pole, mixed excitation brushless that proposes in the patent documentation of ZL200410064871.6 and China Patent No. is that the mixed excited magnetic pass switch motor proposed in the patent documentation of ZL200810023819.4 all introduces electric excitation winding on the basis of magneto, the adjustment in motor gas-gap magnetic field is realized by the size and Orientation of electric exciting current, there are adjustable magnetic means simple, the advantages such as convenience, but due to the existence of electric excitation winding, motor is when carrying out weak magnetic and increasing magnetic speed regulating control, need to apply electric exciting current always, there is extra excitation loss, have impact on the operational efficiency of motor.

Teaching by German motor scholar Ao Situoweiqi (Ostovic) memory electrical machine proposed in calendar year 2001 is a kind of magnetic flux controllable type motor truly, it adopts the Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet material of high-remanence low-coercivity, by the magnetic field that stator winding or DC pulse winding produce, the magnetized state of permanent magnet can be changed instantaneously, and its level of magnetization can be remembered, thus the adjustment realized air-gap field, avoid armature loss, achieve online efficient adjustable magnetic.In addition, two kinds of quadrature-axis reluctance enhanced memory electrical machines of appearance, realize larger magnetic flux adjustable range by appropriate design leakage path.But because permanent magnet is on rotor in conventional memory motor, armature winding needs the ability possessing power conversion and flux control, and the quadrature axis component of armature supply and motor-field interact simultaneously, export electromagnetic torque, bear the effect of energy converting between mechanical; Its direct-axis current component is mainly used in regulating motor-field.How to ensure dynamic, the on-line control that realize the magnetic field of motor in motor even running process, propose harsh requirement to the vector control performance of motor, therefore online adjustable magnetic difficulty is larger; Secondly, owing to use only single Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet as excitation source, the maximum air gap magnetic flux density of motor is difficult to the level reaching Nd-Fe-B permanent-magnet motor, and motor energy index is not high; Meanwhile, increasing magnetic and degaussing magnetic flux apply direct-axis current pulse by armature winding to be provided, and increases in magnetic loop or degaussing loop and all there is the larger air gap of magnetic resistance, and this just causes required adjustable magnetic pulsed magnetic kinetic potential comparatively large, adds electric current and the number of turn of armature winding.

Although China Patent No. is the permanent magnetism type motor of wide speed-adjusting magnetic flux memory type stator that proposes in the patent documentation of ZL200810023409.X and China Patent No. is effective adjustment that the E type stator core Magneticflux-switching type hybrid permanent magnet memory electrical machine proposed in the patent documentation of ZL201410756127.6 can realize air-gap field, but permanent magnet and winding are all positioned on stator, permanent magnet and armature winding consumption limit mutually, limit the torque density of motor.

Visible, in prior art, the such as motor such as " mixed excitation electric machine " and " permanent magnetism memory electrical machine ", reach effectively to widen in electric machine speed regulation scope etc. while realizing effective regulating and control in motor gas-gap magnetic field, guarantee motor energy index and be difficult to take into account, this also becomes one of technological difficulties with general character that magneto technical field exists.

Summary of the invention

The present invention seeks to: be difficult to regulate to solve conventional permanent magnet motor air-gap field, speed adjustable range narrow, high speed time power output and inefficient problem, there is provided a kind of rotor structure simple, adopt hybrid permanent magnet material, have high efficiency, high torque density, wide range speed control range of operation hybrid excitation type stator partition type hybrid permanent magnet magnetic flux switch memory electrical machine.

For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: comprise external stator, interior subregion stator and center roller, external stator is by external stator tooth, external stator groove and external stator yoke composition, external stator tooth is along the circumferential direction uniformly distributed and outside stator tooth is wound with threephase armature winding, described interior subregion stator is the inside and outside double-layer structure fitted tightly together, skin is made up of internal stator iron core and Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet along the circumferential direction evenly embeds in internal stator iron core, align with the external stator tooth center of external stator in the center of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet cutting orientation magnetizing, the magnetizing direction of two adjacent two Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets is contrary, internal layer is made up of impulse magnetization winding and the Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet that can fill degaussing online, Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet is along the circumferential direction evenly arranged, align with the center of external stator groove in center, pilot trench decided at the higher level but not officially announced is had between adjacent two Al-Ni-Co permanent magnets, align with the external stator tooth center of external stator in the center of pilot trench decided at the higher level but not officially announced, the impulse magnetization winding of head and the tail series connection to be successively placed in each pilot trench decided at the higher level but not officially announced and around on Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet.

The advantage that the present invention has after adopting technique scheme is:

1, the present invention adopts the inside and outside double-stator structure of internal stator subregion, make full use of motor internal space, solve the problem that traditional flux switch motor permanent magnet and armature winding consumption limit mutually, make permanent magnet consumption and armature winding consumption under same motor volume can increase to promote torque density, also for such motor adopts dissimilar permanent magnetic material to provide enough spaces as excitation source and the consumption that increases non-rare earth permanent-magnetic material, for promoting few terres rares magneto power density and torque density provides possibility.

2, because motor of the present invention have employed stator permanent magnetic type structure, Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet and impulse magnetization winding are all placed on interior subregion stator, and armature winding is placed on external stator, achieves being separated of armature winding and permanent magnet, be easier to the heat radiation of motor, cooling.

3, the center roller structure that adopts of motor of the present invention is simple, both without permanent magnetic material, also without winding, is only alternately made up of magnetic conductive iron and non-magnet material, is specially adapted to high-speed cruising.

4, the armature winding that motor of the present invention is used and impulse magnetization winding all adopt centralized winding, reduce winding overhang length, thus effectively reduce copper wastage, improve motor operational efficiency.Magnetic field on-line control means are simple, direct simultaneously.Due to magnetizing current duration shorter (<1s), motor is made to realize, more while wide speed regulating range, higher operational efficiency being kept.

5, motor of the present invention adopts the main excitation source of permanent magnetic material as motor of rare earth permanent magnet neodymium iron boron and non-rare earth Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet two type, two kinds of permanent magnetism can retrain according to the requirement of the overload capacity of motor and speed adjustable range and limit the relation between the consumption (width and thickness) of two kinds of permanent magnetic materials, by controlling the size and Orientation magnetizing winding current in short-term, the magnetization of energy on-line control Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet and working point, the weak magnetics detect of motor can be realized on the one hand, make motor have broad speed adjustable range; Can also increasing magnetic control be carried out, meet the requirement of the large torque needed for electric automobile Fast starting, climbing and brake hard.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the radial section structural representation that a kind of hybrid excitation type of the present invention stator partition type hybrid permanent magnet magnetic flux switches memory electrical machine, and wherein the direction of arrow represents permanent magnet magnetizing direction;

Fig. 2 is the structure enlarged diagram of interior subregion stator in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the structure enlarged diagram of center roller in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 are center rollers of the present invention under diverse location and under Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet fills degaussing different situations, permanent magnetic circuit and magnetic direction schematic diagram;

Fig. 7 is the equivalent magnetic circuit figure of motor of the present invention;

Fig. 8 be in Fig. 2 Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet under the limit fills degaussing situation, the unloaded counter potential waveform figure of armature winding.

In figure: 1. external stator; 1-1. armature winding; 2. subregion stator in; 2-1. Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet; 2-2. Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet; 2-3. impulse magnetization winding; 2-4. internal stator iron core; 2-4-1. boss; 2-5. magnetic conduction bridge; 3. center roller; 3-1. magnetic inductive block; Non-magnetic piece of 3-2..

Embodiment

For 6 grooves/rotor 5 poles/internal stator 6 pole motor see Fig. 1, Fig. 1.Motor of the present invention comprises external stator 1, interior subregion stator 2 and center roller 3.External stator 1, center roller 3 and interior subregion stator 2 are coaxially arranged from outside to inside.All there is between external stator 1 and center roller 3 radial outer air gap, there is between interior subregion stator 2 and center roller 3 radial interior air gap.

External stator 1 is made up of external stator tooth, external stator groove, external stator yoke, and external stator groove number is N _s, external stator tooth is along the circumferential direction uniformly distributed, and outside stator tooth is wound with threephase armature winding 1-1, and this armature winding 1-1 is centralized three-phase windings.As Fig. 1,6 external stator teeth are wound with threephase armature winding 1-1.

See Fig. 2, interior subregion stator 2 is inside and outside two-layer radially layered structure, inside and outsidely two-layerly to fit tightly together.Skin is made up of internal stator iron core 2-4 and multiple rare-earth Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 2-1; Internal layer is made up of multiple Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2 and impulse magnetization winding 2-3 that can fill degaussing online.The quantity of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 2-1 is P, and P Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 2-1 along the circumferential direction evenly embeds in internal stator iron core 2-4, and aligns with the external stator tooth center of external stator 1 in the center of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 2-1, and both are diametrically same.The inside and outside footpath of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 2-1 equal respectively internal stator iron core 2-4 inside and outside footpath.P Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 2-1 is all cutting orientation magnetizings, and the magnetizing direction of two adjacent two Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 2-1 is contrary.

The quantity of Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2 is Q, Q Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2 is along the circumferential direction evenly arranged, Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2 is all radial magnetizings, and align with the center of the external stator groove of external stator 1 in the center of Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2, both are diametrically same.Wherein, P=Q=N _s.Having pilot trench decided at the higher level but not officially announced between adjacent two Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2, aligns, diametrically same with the external stator tooth center of external stator 1 in the center of pilot trench decided at the higher level but not officially announced.Impulse magnetization winding 2-3 is placed in each pilot trench decided at the higher level but not officially announced, and around on Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2, impulse magnetization winding 2-3 is concentratred winding, head and the tail series connection forms monophasic pulses if winding successively, pulse winding applies short-time pulse electric current, and pulse current direction is formed and is alternately distributed, with the level of magnetization changing Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2 even the direction of magnetization to regulate the air-gap field of motor.

Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2 is made up of Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet material, and Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet material has the low feature of coercive force, adopts cast moulding manufacturing process, temperature stability is high, and can be filled by short-time pulse electric current, degaussing, and " memory " live the close level of its magnetic, realize the close flexible of motor gas-gap magnetic.

The inner ring of all Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2 is fixed a magnetic conduction bridge 2-5.External stator iron core has a boss 2-4-1, this boss 2-4-1 stretches out in pilot trench decided at the higher level but not officially announced, be convenient to fixing Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2, make inside and outside two-layer formation entirety that is fixed together of interior subregion stator 2, the outer surface of Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2 and the inner surface of internal stator iron core 2-4 fit tightly.

See Fig. 3, center roller 3 along the circumferential direction by polylith magnetic inductive block 3-1 and polylith non-magnetic piece of 3-2 is combined and form in interval, and the side of magnetic inductive block 3-1 and non-magnetic piece of 3-2 fits tightly.The wherein number N of magnetic inductive block 3-1 _rbe the number of pole-pairs of center roller 3, and meet N _r=kN _s± 1, (k=1,2,3 ... .).Center roller 3 in Fig. 3 is made up of 5 pieces of magnetic inductive block 3-1 and 5 pieces of non-magnetic piece of 3-2.

See Fig. 4, magnetic flux switching principle is followed in the operation of motor of the present invention, presents cascaded structure by external stator 1, center roller 3 and interior subregion stator 2 on magnetic circuit, the common main magnetic circuit forming motor.When center roller 3 moves in the position shown in Fig. 4, the magnetic flux that permanent magnet produces enters external stator tooth, and for open circuit threephase armature winding 1-1, its two ends can induce certain back electromotive force; And when center roller 3 moves to the position of Fig. 5, permanent magnet flux quantitatively remain unchanged but the direction walked concerning just the opposite winding, for passing external stator tooth, obviously, the back electromotive force now responded in winding is compared with upper a kind of situation, and numerical value is identical but polarity is contrary.Just based on this principle, after center roller 3 rotates, in winding, the permanent magnet flux of linkage will constantly change between positive and negative maximum, and correspond, winding two ends can produce the back-emf of amplitude and phase place alternation.See Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, utilize magnetic circuit principle, research Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2 fills the impact of degaussing on motor-field, Fig. 5) be depicted as the Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2 that can fill degaussing identical with the flow direction that rare-earth Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 2-1 produces time magnetic flux path figure, the path order of magnetic loop that now Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2 produces is: first Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2, magnetic conduction bridge 2-5, second Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2, internal stator iron core 2-4, interior air gap, magnetic inductive block 3-1, outer air gap, external stator 1, outer air gap, magnetic inductive block 3-1, interior air gap, internal stator iron core 2-4, first Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2.The path order of the magnetic loop that Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 2-1 produces is Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 2-1, internal stator iron core 2-4, interior air gap, magnetic inductive block 3-1, outer air gap, external stator 1, outer air gap, magnetic inductive block 3-1, interior air gap, internal stator iron core 2-4, Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 2-1.By changing the size of magnetic field impulse electric current, flexibly changing can fill the level of magnetization of the Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2 of degaussing, can change the power in hybrid permanent magnet magnetic field, thus can carry out increasing magnetic to motor and rise square or weak magnetic speedup.Magnetic flux path shown in Fig. 6 be Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2 contrary with the flow direction of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 2-1 time, namely the degaussing of the Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2 limit is to oppositely magnetizing, Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 2-1 will by a large amount of short circuit of Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2, the path order of this short circuit magnetic loop is: first Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2, magnetic conduction bridge 2-5, second Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2, internal stator iron core 2-4, Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 2-1, internal stator iron core 2-4, first Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2, this makes air-gap field magnetic flux density reduce further, thus realize the object of widening electric machine speed regulation scope.

See Fig. 7, when the aluminium nickel cobalt magnetizing direction of Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 2-2 is consistent with the neodymium iron boron magnetizing direction of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 2-1, namely the unloaded equivalent magnetic circuit under this motor normal operation, for eliminating the cross-couplings phenomenon between Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic and Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet as much as possible, the equivalent magnetic kinetic potential of two kinds of permanent magnets should be roughly equal, that is:

$F_{Cnfb}-\frac{{\mathrm{\&Phi;}}_{nfb}}{{\mathrm{\&Lambda;}}_{nfb}}=F_{Canc}-\frac{{\mathrm{\&Phi;}}_{anc}}{{\mathrm{\&Lambda;}}_{anc}}---\left(1\right)$

Wherein, F _canc, F _cnfbbe respectively the calculating magnetomotive force of aluminium nickel cobalt and Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, Λ _anc, Λ _nfbbe respectively the interior magnetic conductance of aluminium nickel cobalt and Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, Φ _anc, Φ _nfbbe respectively every pole magnetic flux that aluminium nickel cobalt and Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet provide.So, in design, Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet direction of magnetization length l _ancwith Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet direction of magnetization length l _nfbneed constraint formulations be met:

$\frac{l_{nfb}}{l_{anc}}=\frac{H_{Canc}-\frac{B_{anc}}{k_{anc}}}{H_{Cnfb}-\frac{B_{nfb}}{k_{nfb}}}---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, H _canc, H _cnfbbe respectively the coercive force of aluminium nickel cobalt and Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, k _anc, k _nfbbe respectively the recoil line slope of aluminium nickel cobalt and Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, the mixed weak magnetic COEFFICIENT K of permanent magnetism of definition:

$K=\frac{{\mathrm{\&Phi;}}_{nfb}+{\mathrm{\&Phi;}}_{anc}}{{\mathrm{\&Phi;}}_{nfb}}=\frac{B_{nfb}{A}_{nfb}+B_{anc}{A}_{anc}}{B_{nfb}{A}_{nfb}}---\left(3\right)$

Wherein, k _anc, k _nfbbe respectively the sectional area of every pole magnetic flux that aluminium nickel cobalt and Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet provide.

From formula (2) and (3), when the magnetic flux size that known neodymium iron boron provides to external magnetic circuit and size and weak magnetic coefficient, the size of aluminium nickel cobalt roughly can be extrapolated.

See Fig. 8, utilize Finite Element Simulation Analysis, armature winding counter potential waveform figure when the complete magnetic reversal of aluminium nickel cobalt and complete normal magnetization under no-load condition can be obtained, its back-emf effective value rises to 65.8V by 6.2V, amplitude of variation is up to 1000%, and the Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet that can online fill degaussing of known motor of the present invention owing to adopting, based on the principle of memory electrical machine, make the weak magnetic energy power of this motor stronger, adjustable magnetic is wider.

Claims (6)

1. a hybrid excitation type stator partition type hybrid permanent magnet magnetic flux switches memory electrical machine, comprise external stator (1), interior subregion stator (2) and center roller (3), external stator (1) is by external stator tooth, external stator groove and external stator yoke composition, external stator tooth is along the circumferential direction uniformly distributed and outside stator tooth is wound with threephase armature winding (1-1), it is characterized in that: described interior subregion stator (2) is the inside and outside double-layer structure fitted tightly together, skin is made up of internal stator iron core (2-4) and Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet (2-1), Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet (2-1) along the circumferential direction evenly embeds in internal stator iron core (2-4), align with the external stator tooth center of external stator (1) in the center of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet (2-1), Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet (2-1) cutting orientation magnetizing, the magnetizing direction of two adjacent two Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets (2-1) is contrary, internal layer is made up of impulse magnetization winding (2-3) and the Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet (2-2) that can fill degaussing online, Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet (2-2) is along the circumferential direction evenly arranged, align with the center of external stator groove in center, pilot trench decided at the higher level but not officially announced is had between adjacent two Al-Ni-Co permanent magnets (2-2), align with the external stator tooth center of external stator (1) in the center of pilot trench decided at the higher level but not officially announced, the impulse magnetization winding (2-3) of head and the tail series connection to be successively placed in each pilot trench decided at the higher level but not officially announced and around on Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet (2-2).

2. hybrid excitation type stator partition type hybrid permanent magnet magnetic flux switches memory electrical machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: center roller (3) along the circumferential direction by multiple magnetic inductive block (3-1) and non-magnetic piece (3-2) is combined and forms in interval, the number N of magnetic inductive block (3-1) _rfor the number of pole-pairs of center roller (3), and N _r=kN _s± 1, N _sexternal stator groove number, k=1,2,3 .....

3. hybrid excitation type stator partition type hybrid permanent magnet magnetic flux switches memory electrical machine according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that: the quantity of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet (2-1) is P, the quantity of Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet (2-2) is Q, P=Q=N _s, N _sit is external stator groove number.

4. hybrid excitation type stator partition type hybrid permanent magnet magnetic flux switches memory electrical machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the sense of current of impulse magnetization winding (2-3) is alternately distributed.

5. hybrid excitation type stator partition type hybrid permanent magnet magnetic flux switches memory electrical machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the inner ring of all Al-Ni-Co permanent magnets (2-2) is fixed with a magnetic conduction bridge (2-5).

6. hybrid excitation type stator partition type hybrid permanent magnet magnetic flux switches memory electrical machine according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that: external stator iron core has a boss, described boss stretches out in pilot trench decided at the higher level but not officially announced with fixing Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet (2-2).