CN105334519A - Laser radar system for simultaneously detecting multiple atmospheric parameters at high precision on the basis of three-channel F-P etalon - Google Patents
Laser radar system for simultaneously detecting multiple atmospheric parameters at high precision on the basis of three-channel F-P etalon Download PDFInfo
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- CN105334519A CN105334519A CN201510592942.8A CN201510592942A CN105334519A CN 105334519 A CN105334519 A CN 105334519A CN 201510592942 A CN201510592942 A CN 201510592942A CN 105334519 A CN105334519 A CN 105334519A
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- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
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Abstract
The invention relates to a laser radar system for simultaneously detecting multiple atmospheric parameters at high precision on the basis of a three-channel F-P etalon. The laser radar system is characterized in that the channel I, the channel II, and the channel III of the three-channel F-P etalon are designed for signal separation, wind speed detection, and temperature detection respectively; atmospheric back-scattered light enters the channel I of the etalon via a branch of a third 1*2 optical fiber coupler and the a-to-b path of a first optical circulator so as to be separated; a Mie signal transmits and enters the channel II of the etalon; transmission and reflection signals of the channel II are simultaneously received by using a second optical circulator; a Rayleigh signal is reflected and enters the combining end of a fifth 1*2 optical fiber coupler via the b-to-c path of the first optical circulator and most signals enter the channel III of the etalon via a branch of the fifth 1*2 optical fiber coupler. The laser radar system has advantages of simultaneously detecting atmospheric parameters, such as the atmospheric wind field, the temperature, and the aerosol optical characteristics of the troposphere at high precision, and overcoming defects of large inversion errors or low detection precision of conventional single-parameter detection technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of many atmospheric parameters detected with high accuracy laser radar system simultaneously, particularly a kind of many atmospheric parameters based on triple channel F-P etalon detected with high accuracy laser radar system simultaneously.
Background technology
At present, Mie scattering lidar, polarization lidar and high spectral resolution lidar are mainly contained to aerocolloidal detection.Mie scattering lidar, owing to comprising the information of scattering coefficient and extinction coefficient two atmospheric parameters in laser echo signal, just must do some hypothesis to atmospheric condition at that time in refutation process, as hypothesis Lidar Ratios etc.And the value of these hypothesis and true value often exist larger deviation, thus inversion result is caused to occur relatively large deviation.Polarization lidar, when by radar equation inverting Aerosol Extinction, still needs to do the hypothesis same with when processing Mie scattering radar equation.High spectral resolution aerosol LIDAR utilizes aerosol scattering spectrum width to be different from other scattering spectras, by using high-resolution interferometer, atom or molecule absorption light filter, is separated by Mie scattering from atmospheric scattering with Rayleigh scattering signal.Like this, the state supposing air can not be needed, directly derive extinction coefficient, improve the accuracy of parametric inversion.But, finding by analysing in depth, when exact inversion, still needing to know that atmospheric temperature is to deduct Rayleigh scattering signal.The method of laser radar detection atmospheric temperature mainly contains: differential absorption method, Rayleigh scattering integral method, Rayleigh scattering light Zymography and rotational Raman scattering method etc.Differential absorption method requires very high to the monochromaticity of optical maser wavelength, and the precision of radiation wavelength and spectral line width directly have influence on thermometric precision, need stable gas concentration to be measured simultaneously, and reality is generally difficult to reach.Therefore measuring accuracy is not high, and requires at least two detection wavelength, and make system become complicated, cost is also high.Rayleigh scattering integral method direct detection atmospheric density, then obtain atmospheric temperature distribution by the equation of gas state, the method is applicable to the middle atmosphere measuring more than 30km.Rayleigh scattering light Zymography utilizes the funtcional relationship of Rayleigh scattering live width and temperature to measure atmospheric temperature.The method needs to detect spectral information by high performance optical splitter, realizes measuring.But can produce very strong signal disturbing owing to there is a large amount of gasoloids in lower atmosphere, therefore there is the very not enough defect of measuring accuracy in lower atmosphere temperature sensing.Although by the wide realization of halfline of measuring air Rayleigh-Brillouin spectrum to the method for lower atmosphere thermometric can reduce on frequency domain Mie scattering interference, improve measuring accuracy, but the halfline due to scattering spectra is wide is only approximation relation in theory with temperature, so its precision recorded is not high, be about 5K.In addition, the Raman lidar with high precision measuring temperature ability may be used for detection 0 ~ 11km lower atmosphere temperature, its precision is less than 2K, but the intensity of Raman scattering signal wants little 3 ~ 4 magnitudes relative to rice and Rayleigh scattering, therefore measure for realizing the optical splitter needing larger laser energy, receiving telescope and high-accuracy high-efficiency rate accurately, cause the method testing cost high, usable range is very limited.Mainly Doppler lidar is adopted to the detection of atmospheric wind.Different according to Detecting System, the frequency discrimination technology adopted has coherent detection technology and incoherent technique.Coherent detection system has very high detection sensitivity, but it requires narrow linewidth pulsed laser technique simultaneously and has the optical receiver of diffraction limit, and because atmospheric turbulence is to the destruction of laser coherence, effective detection range is restricted.Due to the limitation of Detection Techniques, this type systematic is only applicable to have the wind field observation under certain aerosol density environment, and in the region that the aerosol densities such as off-lying sea sea are very low, they are by helpless.Comparatively speaking, the spectrum requirement of direct detection systems for optical system and laser instrument obviously reduces, and effective detection range is not substantially by the impact of atmospheric turbulence.And incoherent technique both can utilize gasoloid, can utilize molecular detection wind speed again, be the current technology measured Middle and upper atmosphere wind field in the world and generally adopt.Incoherent technique can be further divided into edge detecting technique and fringe technique.Wherein the technology that current degree of ripeness the most generally adopts better, in the world based on F-P etalon marginal technology.But it is when Wind Speed Inversion, if single edges technology, atmospheric temperature and Back-scattering ratio need be supposed; If two-sided matching, atmospheric temperature need be supposed.Like this owing to supposing that the uncertainty of parameter causes larger wind speed retrieval error.In addition, existing system does not make full use of the discriminability of F-P etalon reflected signal.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is: provide a kind of many atmospheric parameters based on triple channel F-P etalon detected with high accuracy laser radar system simultaneously, can with the atmospheric parameter such as high-acruracy survey troposphere atmospheric wind, temperature and aerosol optical characteristics simultaneously of the laser radar based on triple channel F-P etalon.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: as shown in Figure 1, three passages of F-P etalon are designed to Signal separator passage I, wind speed detection channels II and temperature sensing passage III to measuring wind speed principle of the present invention respectively.In measuring process, the signal elder generation that telescope receives is through signalling channel I by rice and Rayleigh beacon Signal separator, and isolated Mie scattering signal is again through passage II measuring wind, and isolated Rayleigh scattering signal measures atmospheric temperature through passage III again.For realizing effective, efficient separation and the aerosol optical characteristics detection of signal, passage I adopts high spectral resolution etalon; For improving wind speed detection sensitivity and signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), carry out measuring wind speed by receiving the transmittance and reflectance signal of etalon passage II simultaneously, as shown in Figure 2; For improving temperature sensing sensitivity and signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), passage III utilizes the both wings of the adjacent two-stage spectrum of etalon to Rayleigh scattering spectrum to measure simultaneously, as shown in Figure 3.Employing triple channel integral type F-P etalon not only can ensure the relative stability between each channel frequency spectrum, and effectively can be separated and make full use of rice and Rayleigh backward signal.Therefore, the laser radar system based on this technology can simultaneously detected with high accuracy troposphere atmospheric wind, temperature and aerosol optical characteristics.In order to system architecture is compact and stable, the optical circulator of multimode polarization insensitive is adopted to realize Signal separator.By investigation, the operation wavelength of the optical circulator of the multimode polarization insensitive that can provide in the market mainly contains 850nm, 1310nm and 1550nm (DKPhotonicsTechnologyCo.Limited; OF-LinkCommunicationsCo., Ltd).Because 1.3 powers of Mie scattering intensity and wavelength are approximated to inverse ratio, 4 powers of Rayleigh intensity and wavelength are inversely proportional to; Single photon counting APD detecting module reaches 45% (U.S. Perkinelmer) in the quantum efficiency of 850nm, therefore adopting 850nm as operation wavelength to obtain strong detectable signal, laser instrument then selects frequency stabilization narrow linewidth semiconductor laser (U.S. SpectraDiodeLabs; Canada Teraxion; Germany TopticaPhotonics).
Structure of the present invention is made up of four subsystems such as emission coefficient, receiving system, launch and accept optical system and control system.Adopt the frequency stabilization narrow line width regulatable semiconductor laser system of external cavity semiconductor laser and tubaeform diode amplifier composition MOPA structure as emissive source, the laser launching 852nm is used for the parameters such as troposphere atmospheric wind, temperature and aerosol optical characteristics and detects.Emission Lasers after the second optoisolator, then is divided into two bundles by beam splitter.Occupy the reflected light of little energy as the Zhi Duan entering the one 1 × 2 fiber coupler with reference to light, after one section of long bare fibre of about 100m, its rear orientation light is exported by another port of homonymy and enters an input Zhi Duan of the 21 × 2 fiber coupler.Occupy the transmitted light of most energy after the beam expanding lens compression light beam angle of divergence, successively by two catoptrons of 45 degree of catoptrons, two-dimensional scanner, finally enter the tested region of air so that the position angle of presetting is vertical with zenith angle through glass plate.Its atmospheric backscatter light is received by telescope, and the narrow band pass filter being 852nm through centre wavelength successively filters and after the time delay of one section of 200m long bare fibre wire jumper, enters another input Zhi Duan of the 21 × 2 fiber coupler.Closing bundle from the 21 × 2 fiber coupler holds the light signal exported to enter the conjunction Shu Duanhou of the 31 × 2 fiber coupler, and sub-fraction is received by the first avalanche photodide through an output Zhi Duan of the 31 × 2 fiber coupler; After major part exports an end output by another, through a → b path of the first Optical circulator, after being collimated by the first collimating mirror, normal incidence is to the passage I (Signal separator passage) of triple channel FP etalon.Its optical signal transmissive enters the conjunction Shu Duanhou of the 41 × 2 fiber coupler after utilizing the 5th convex lens to converge, sub-fraction is received by the second avalanche photodide through an output Zhi Duan of the 41 × 2 fiber coupler; After major part exports an end output by another, through a → b path of the second Optical circulator, after being collimated by the second collimating mirror, normal incidence is to the passage II (wind speed detection channels) of triple channel FP etalon.Its optical signal transmissive is received by the 3rd avalanche photodide after utilizing the 6th convex lens to converge; And reflected light signal incides the b port of the second Optical circulator after assembling reverses through the second collimating mirror, through b → c path of the second Optical circulator, directly received by the 4th avalanche photodide.The light signal reflected from the passage I of triple channel FP etalon incides the b port of the first Optical circulator after assembling reverses through the first collimating mirror, enter the conjunction Shu Duan of the 51 × 2 fiber coupler through b → c path of the first Optical circulator.Wherein sub-fraction is received by the 5th avalanche photodide through an output Zhi Duan of the 51 × 2 fiber coupler; Major part exports through another output end of the 51 × 2 fiber coupler, then collimates the passage III (temperature sensing passage) of rear normal incidence to triple channel FP etalon by the 3rd collimating mirror.Its optical signal transmissive is received by the 6th avalanche photodide after utilizing the 7th convex lens to converge.The output signal of six avalanche photodiode detectors is first gathered by multichannel collecting card, then carries out data processing, storage, data inversion and result display etc. by industrial computer.The laser instrument, FP etalon, two-dimensional scanner, multichannel collecting card etc. of whole system are all controlled by computing machine by RS232 interface.The present invention is by external cavity semiconductor laser, first convex lens, first optoisolator, second convex lens, 3rd convex lens, tubaeform diode amplifier, second optoisolator, beam splitter, beam expanding lens, 45 degree of catoptrons, two-dimensional scanner, glass plate, Cassegrain telescope, 4th convex lens, narrow band pass filter, the long bare fibre wire jumper of 200m, one 1 × 2 fiber coupler, the long bare fibre of 100m, 21 × 2 fiber coupler, 31 × 2 fiber coupler, first avalanche photodide, first Optical circulator, first collimating mirror, triple channel FP etalon, 5th convex lens, 41 × 2 fiber coupler, second avalanche photodide, second Optical circulator, second collimating mirror, 6th convex lens, first optical patchcord, 3rd avalanche photodide, 4th avalanche photodide, 51 × 2 fiber coupler, 5th avalanche photodide, 3rd collimating mirror, 7th convex lens, second optical patchcord, 6th avalanche photodide, multichannel collecting card, seed laser driving power, amplifier driving power, trigger circuit, FP etalon controller, two-dimensional scanner controller and industrial computer composition, it is characterized in that: external cavity semiconductor laser respectively with seed laser driving power, trigger circuit are connected, through the first convex lens after the seed laser that external cavity semiconductor laser sends is first, first optoisolator, second convex lens, 3rd convex lens, tubaeform diode amplifier, two bundles are divided into by beam splitter after second optoisolator, after transmitted light beam is expanded by beam expanding lens, after degree catoptron of 45 in Cassegrain telescope, along in the optical axis direction directive two-dimensional scanner of Cassegrain telescope, after two-dimensional scanner leaded light, vertically enter atmospheric exploration region through glass plate, first piece of catoptron of two-dimensional scanner and the optical axis of Cassegrain telescope are 45 degree of angles, second piece of catoptron of glass plate and two-dimensional scanner is 45 degree of angles, two-dimensional scanner is connected with two-dimensional scanner controller by Data Control line, atmospheric backscatter signal is collected via Cassegrain telescope, through the 4th convex lens, after narrow band pass filter, be coupled into one end of the long bare fibre wire jumper of 200m, the other end of the long bare fibre wire jumper of 200m is connected with a branch end of the 21 × 2 fiber coupler, the conjunction Shu Duan of the 21 × 2 fiber coupler is connected with the conjunction bundle end of the 31 × 2 fiber coupler, the folded light beam of beam splitter is coupled into a branch end of the one 1 × 2 fiber coupler, the conjunction Shu Duan of the one 1 × 2 fiber coupler and another branch end long bare fibre with 100m respectively, 21 × 2 another branch end of fiber coupler is connected, two branch end respectively with the first avalanche photodides of the 31 × 2 fiber coupler, the a end of the first Optical circulator is connected, the b end of the first Optical circulator and the first collimating mirror, the passage I of triple channel FP etalon, 5th convex lens, the conjunction Shu Duancheng light path of the 41 × 2 fiber coupler communicates, and the first Optical circulator b brings out luminous point in the focus in object space of the first collimating mirror, two branch end respectively with the second avalanche photodides of the 41 × 2 fiber coupler, the a end of the second Optical circulator is connected, the b end of the second Optical circulator and the second collimating mirror, the passage II of triple channel FP etalon, 6th convex lens, one end of first optical patchcord is that light path communicates, the other end of the first optical patchcord is connected with the 3rd avalanche photodide, second Optical circulator b brings out luminous point in the focus in object space of the second collimating mirror, the c end optical fiber of the second Optical circulator is connected with the 4th avalanche photodide, the c end of the first Optical circulator is connected with the conjunction bundle end of the 51 × 2 fiber coupler, a branch end of the 51 × 2 fiber coupler is connected with the 5th avalanche photodide, another branch end of 51 × 2 fiber coupler goes out luminous point in the focus in object space of the 3rd collimating mirror, and and the 3rd collimating mirror, the passage III of triple channel FP etalon, 7th convex lens, one end of second optical patchcord is that light path communicates, and the other end of the second optical patchcord is connected with the 6th avalanche photodide, the first avalanche photodide, second avalanche photodide, 3rd avalanche photodide, 4th avalanche photodide, 5th avalanche photodide, 6th avalanche photodide is connected with multichannel collecting card respectively, multichannel collecting card is connected with trigger circuit, amplifier driving power is connected with tubaeform diode amplifier, FP etalon controller is connected with triple channel FP etalon, two-dimensional scanner controller is connected with two-dimensional scanner, seed laser driving power, amplifier driving power, trigger circuit, FP etalon controller, two-dimensional scanner controller is connected with industrial computer, controls by industrial computer is unified.
Owing to adopting technique scheme, the advantage that the present invention has with good effect is: compared with existing laser radar system: 1, achieve separate unit radar high-acruracy survey troposphere atmospheric wind, temperature and aerosol optical characteristics simultaneously; 2, Wind field measurement be have employed based on two-stage FP etalon and utilize the dual edge Mie scattering atmospheric wind Detection Techniques of rear class FP etalon transmission reflectance spectrum.Adopt the filtering of prime FP etalon most Rayleigh scattering signal and background signal, improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of the Mie scattering signal inciding rear class etalon; The transmission signal of rear class FP etalon and reflected signal are detected simultaneously, takes full advantage of the discriminability of reflected signal, while improve detection signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), wind speed detection sensitivity is doubled; 3, temperature survey be have employed based on two-stage FP etalon and utilize the Rayleigh scattering atmospheric temperature detecting technology of the adjacent two-stage transmission spectrum of rear class FP etalon.Adopt the filtering of prime FP etalon most Mie scattering signal and part background signal, improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of the Rayleigh scattering signal inciding rear class etalon, greatly reduce Mie scattering signal to thermometric impact; Utilize the adjacent two-stage transmission spectrum of rear class FP etalon to detect Rayleigh scattering spectrum both wings simultaneously, while improve detection signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), temperature sensing sensitivity is doubled.In addition, by increasing the part signal measured from the reflection of prime FP etalon, the absolute measurement to atmospheric temperature is achieved.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is multiparameter of the present invention high-acruracy survey schematic diagram simultaneously.
Fig. 2 of the present inventionly utilizes the Rayleigh scattering atmospheric temperature measurement schematic diagram of the adjacent two-stage transmission spectrum of rear class FP etalon based on two-stage FP etalon.
Fig. 3 of the present inventionly utilizes the dual edge Mie scattering atmospheric wind measuring principle figure of rear class FP etalon transmission reflectance spectrum based on two-stage FP etalon.
Fig. 4 is structured flowchart of the present invention.
1. external cavity semiconductor lasers in figure, 2. the first convex lens, 3, first optoisolator, 4. the second convex lens, 5. the 3rd convex lens, 6. tubaeform diode amplifier, 7. the second optoisolator, 8. beam splitter, 9. beam expanding lens, 10.45 degree catoptron, 11. two-dimensional scanners, 12. glass plates, 13. Cassegrain telescopes, 14. the 4th convex lens, 15. narrow band pass filters, 16.200m long bare fibre wire jumper, 17. the one 1 × 2 fiber couplers, 18.100m long bare fibre, 19. the 21 × 2 fiber couplers, 20. the 31 × 2 fiber couplers, 21. first avalanche photodides, 22. first Optical circulators, 23. first collimating mirrors, 24. triple channel FP etalon, 25. the 5th convex lens, 26. the 41 × 2 fiber couplers, 27. second avalanche photodides, 28. second Optical circulators, 29. second collimating mirrors, 30. the 6th convex lens, 31. first optical patchcords, 32. the 3rd avalanche photodide, 33. the 4th avalanche photodide, 34. the 51 × 2 fiber couplers, 35. the 5th avalanche photodide, 36. the 3rd collimating mirror, 37. the 7th convex lens, 38. second optical patchcords, 39. the 6th avalanche photodide, 40. multichannel collecting cards, 41. seed laser driving powers, 42. amplifier driving powers, 43. trigger circuit, 44.FP etalon controller, 45. two-dimensional scanner controllers, 46. industrial computers.
Embodiment
In fig. 2, external cavity semiconductor laser (1) respectively with seed laser driving power (41), trigger circuit (43) are connected, through the first convex lens (2) after the seed laser that external cavity semiconductor laser (1) sends is first, first optoisolator (3), second convex lens (4), 3rd convex lens (5), tubaeform diode amplifier (6), two bundles are divided into by beam splitter (8) after second optoisolator (7), after transmitted light beam is expanded by beam expanding lens (9), after 45 degree of catoptrons (10) in Cassegrain telescope (13), along in the optical axis direction directive two-dimensional scanner (11) of Cassegrain telescope (13), after two-dimensional scanner (11) leaded light, vertically enter atmospheric exploration region through glass plate (12), first piece of catoptron of two-dimensional scanner (11) and the optical axis of Cassegrain telescope (13) are 45 degree of angles, second piece of catoptron of glass plate (12) and two-dimensional scanner (11) is 45 degree of angles, two-dimensional scanner (11) is connected with two-dimensional scanner controller (45) by Data Control line, atmospheric backscatter signal is collected via Cassegrain telescope (13), through the 4th convex lens (14), after narrow band pass filter (15), be coupled into one end of the long bare fibre wire jumper (16) of 200m, the other end of the long bare fibre wire jumper (16) of 200m is connected with a branch end of the 21 × 2 fiber coupler (19), the conjunction Shu Duan of the 21 × 2 fiber coupler (19) is connected with the conjunction bundle end of the 31 × 2 fiber coupler (20), the folded light beam of beam splitter (8) is coupled into a branch end of the one 1 × 2 fiber coupler (17), the conjunction Shu Duan of the one 1 × 2 fiber coupler (17) and another branch end long bare fibre (18) with 100m respectively, 21 × 2 fiber coupler (19) another branch end is connected, two branch end respectively with the first avalanche photodides (21) of the 31 × 2 fiber coupler (20), the a end of the first Optical circulator (22) is connected, the b end of the first Optical circulator (22) and the first collimating mirror (23), the passage I of triple channel FP etalon (24), 5th convex lens (25), the conjunction Shu Duancheng light path of the 41 × 2 fiber coupler (26) communicates, first Optical circulator (22) b brings out luminous point in the focus in object space of the first collimating mirror (23), two branch end respectively with the second avalanche photodides (27) of the 41 × 2 fiber coupler (26), the a end of the second Optical circulator (28) is connected, the b end of the second Optical circulator (28) and the second collimating mirror (29), the passage II of triple channel FP etalon (24), 6th convex lens (30), one end of first optical patchcord (31) is that light path communicates, the other end of the first optical patchcord (31) is connected with the 3rd avalanche photodide (32), second Optical circulator (28) b brings out luminous point in the focus in object space of the second collimating mirror (29), the c end optical fiber of the second Optical circulator (28) is connected with the 4th avalanche photodide (33), the c end of the first Optical circulator (22) is connected with the conjunction bundle end of the 51 × 2 fiber coupler (34), a branch end of the 51 × 2 fiber coupler (34) is connected with the 5th avalanche photodide (35), another branch end of 51 × 2 fiber coupler (34) goes out luminous point in the focus in object space of the 3rd collimating mirror (36), and and the 3rd collimating mirror (36), the passage III of triple channel FP etalon (24), 7th convex lens (37), one end of second optical patchcord (38) is that light path communicates, the other end of the second optical patchcord (38) is connected with the 6th avalanche photodide (39), first avalanche photodide (21), second avalanche photodide (27), 3rd avalanche photodide (32), 4th avalanche photodide (33), 5th avalanche photodide (35), 6th avalanche photodide (39) is connected with multichannel collecting card (40) respectively, multichannel collecting card (40) is connected with trigger circuit (43), amplifier driving power (42) is connected with tubaeform diode amplifier (6), FP etalon controller (44) is connected with triple channel FP etalon (24), two-dimensional scanner controller (45) is connected with two-dimensional scanner (11), seed laser driving power (41), amplifier driving power (42), trigger circuit (43), FP etalon controller (44), two-dimensional scanner controller (45) is connected with industrial computer (46), control by industrial computer (46) is unified.
Principle of work of the present invention is: Emission Lasers reflects sub-fraction by beam splitter (8), the long bare fibre of 100m (18) back scattering broadening is utilized to become quasi-continuous light as reference light, through passage I and II of triple channel FP etalon (24), utilize the ratio of the second avalanche photodide (27) and the first avalanche photodide (21) Received signal strength, 3rd avalanche photodide (32) and the second avalanche photodide (27) Received signal strength ratio witness mark light frequency also lock it in the left waist halfwidth place of passage II etalon transmitance, near the peak of i.e. passage I etalon transmitance, as shown in Figure 1.After major part Emission Lasers is transmitted through beam splitter (8), expanded by beam expanding lens (9) and enter Cassegrain telescope (13), after two-dimensional scanner (11) leaded light, enter atmospheric exploration region with the direction of specifying.In the course of work, in a detect cycle, two-dimensional scanner (11) adopts the working method of three beam scannings, and a branch of is Vertical Launch, and another two bundle launching elevations are all 60 °, each sensing due east and due south.When light beam is Vertical Launch, because vertical velocity is very little, Doppler shift can be ignored, rear orientation light is after the passage I of triple channel FP etalon (24), and the Rayleigh scattering signal transmission of most Mie scattering signal and minute quantity enters the conjunction Shu Duan of the 41 × 2 fiber coupler (26); The Mie scattering signal reflex of overwhelming majority Rayleigh scattering signal and minute quantity also enters the passage III of triple channel FP etalon (24) after being collimated by the 3rd collimating mirror (36).By the ratio of the second avalanche photodide (27) Received signal strength and the 5th avalanche photodide (35) Received signal strength, and the first Received signal strength correction of avalanche photodide (21), gasoloid Back-scattering ratio can be measured.Meanwhile, by design triple channel FP etalon (24) freely compose spacing, make the adjacent two-stage transmission spectrum of passage III be distributed in Rayleigh scattering compose both wings.Because Rayleigh scattering spectrum spectrum width is directly proportional to the square root of atmospheric temperature, the change of temperature will cause Rayleigh scattering to compose spectrum width change, thus cause Rayleigh scattering signal through the change of the passage III transmitance of triple channel FP etalon (24), by the ratio of the 6th avalanche photodide (39) Received signal strength and the 5th avalanche photodide (35) Received signal strength, and first avalanche photodide (21) Received signal strength demarcate, atmospheric temperature can be measured, as shown in Figure 2.When launching elevation is 60 °, when pointing to due east and due south respectively, due to wind speed effect, there is Doppler shift in rear orientation light.Rear orientation light is after the passage I of triple channel FP etalon (24), major part Mie scattering signal and a small amount of Rayleigh scattering signal transmission enter the conjunction Shu Duan of the 41 × 2 fiber coupler (26), then enter the passage II of triple channel FP etalon (24) after being collimated by the second collimating mirror (29).Because Doppler shift can cause Mie scattering Signature penetrating rate and the reflectivity change of signal admission passage II, the atmospheric temperature obtained when utilizing beam orthogonal to launch and gasoloid Back-scattering ratio, by the second avalanche photodide (27), 3rd avalanche photodide (32), the a small amount of Rayleigh scattering signal deduction comprised in the signal that 4th avalanche photodide (33) receives, pass through the ratio of the 3rd avalanche photodide (32) Received signal strength after deduction and the second avalanche photodide (27) Received signal strength again, the ratio of the 4th avalanche photodide (33) Received signal strength and the second avalanche photodide (27) Received signal strength, wind speed can be measured, as shown in Figure 3.
Claims (1)
1. based on many atmospheric parameters detected with high accuracy laser radar system simultaneously of triple channel F-P etalon, by external cavity semiconductor laser, first convex lens, first optoisolator, second convex lens, 3rd convex lens, tubaeform diode amplifier, second optoisolator, beam splitter, beam expanding lens, 45 degree of catoptrons, two-dimensional scanner, glass plate, Cassegrain telescope, 4th convex lens, narrow band pass filter, the long bare fibre wire jumper of 200m, one 1 × 2 fiber coupler, the long bare fibre of 100m, 21 × 2 fiber coupler, 31 × 2 fiber coupler, first avalanche photodide, first Optical circulator, first collimating mirror, triple channel FP etalon, 5th convex lens, 41 × 2 fiber coupler, second avalanche photodide, second Optical circulator, second collimating mirror, 6th convex lens, first optical patchcord, 3rd avalanche photodide, 4th avalanche photodide, 51 × 2 fiber coupler, 5th avalanche photodide, 3rd collimating mirror, 7th convex lens, second optical patchcord, 6th avalanche photodide, multichannel collecting card, seed laser driving power, amplifier driving power, trigger circuit, FP etalon controller, two-dimensional scanner controller and industrial computer composition, it is characterized in that: external cavity semiconductor laser (1) respectively with seed laser driving power (41), trigger circuit (43) are connected, through the first convex lens (2) after the seed laser that external cavity semiconductor laser (1) sends is first, first optoisolator (3), second convex lens (4), 3rd convex lens (5), tubaeform diode amplifier (6), two bundles are divided into by beam splitter (8) after second optoisolator (7), after transmitted light beam is expanded by beam expanding lens (9), after 45 degree of catoptrons (10) in Cassegrain telescope (13), along in the optical axis direction directive two-dimensional scanner (11) of Cassegrain telescope (13), after two-dimensional scanner (11) leaded light, vertically enter atmospheric exploration region through glass plate (12), first piece of catoptron of two-dimensional scanner (11) and the optical axis of Cassegrain telescope (13) are 45 degree of angles, second piece of catoptron of glass plate (12) and two-dimensional scanner (11) is 45 degree of angles, two-dimensional scanner (11) is connected with two-dimensional scanner controller (45) by Data Control line, atmospheric backscatter signal is collected via Cassegrain telescope (13), through the 4th convex lens (14), after narrow band pass filter (15), be coupled into one end of the long bare fibre wire jumper (16) of 200m, the other end of the long bare fibre wire jumper (16) of 200m is connected with a branch end of the 21 × 2 fiber coupler (19), the conjunction Shu Duan of the 21 × 2 fiber coupler (19) is connected with the conjunction bundle end of the 31 × 2 fiber coupler (20), the folded light beam of beam splitter (8) is coupled into a branch end of the one 1 × 2 fiber coupler (17), the conjunction Shu Duan of the one 1 × 2 fiber coupler (17) and another branch end long bare fibre (18) with 100m respectively, 21 × 2 fiber coupler (19) another branch end is connected, two branch end respectively with the first avalanche photodides (21) of the 31 × 2 fiber coupler (20), the a end of the first Optical circulator (22) is connected, the b end of the first Optical circulator (22) and the first collimating mirror (23), the passage I of triple channel FP etalon (24), 5th convex lens (25), the conjunction Shu Duancheng light path of the 41 × 2 fiber coupler (26) communicates, first Optical circulator (22) b brings out luminous point in the focus in object space of the first collimating mirror (23), two branch end respectively with the second avalanche photodides (27) of the 41 × 2 fiber coupler (26), the a end of the second Optical circulator (28) is connected, the b end of the second Optical circulator (28) and the second collimating mirror (29), the passage II of triple channel FP etalon (24), 6th convex lens (30), one end of first optical patchcord (31) is that light path communicates, the other end of the first optical patchcord (31) is connected with the 3rd avalanche photodide (32), second Optical circulator (28) b brings out luminous point in the focus in object space of the second collimating mirror (29), the c end optical fiber of the second Optical circulator (28) is connected with the 4th avalanche photodide (33), the c end of the first Optical circulator (22) is connected with the conjunction bundle end of the 51 × 2 fiber coupler (34), a branch end of the 51 × 2 fiber coupler (34) is connected with the 5th avalanche photodide (35), another branch end of 51 × 2 fiber coupler (34) goes out luminous point in the focus in object space of the 3rd collimating mirror (36), and and the 3rd collimating mirror (36), the passage III of triple channel FP etalon (24), 7th convex lens (37), one end of second optical patchcord (38) is that light path communicates, and the other end of the second optical patchcord (38) is connected with the 6th avalanche photodide (39), the first avalanche photodide (21), second avalanche photodide (27), 3rd avalanche photodide (32), 4th avalanche photodide (33), 5th avalanche photodide (35), 6th avalanche photodide (39) is connected with multichannel collecting card (40) respectively, multichannel collecting card (40) is connected with trigger circuit (43), amplifier driving power (42) is connected with tubaeform diode amplifier (6), FP etalon controller (44) is connected with triple channel FP etalon (24), two-dimensional scanner controller (45) is connected with two-dimensional scanner (11), seed laser driving power (41), amplifier driving power (42), trigger circuit (43), FP etalon controller (44), two-dimensional scanner controller (45) is connected with industrial computer (46), controls by industrial computer (46) is unified.
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