CN1053256C - Apparatus for underground extraction - Google Patents
Apparatus for underground extraction Download PDFInfo
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- CN1053256C CN1053256C CN94115723A CN94115723A CN1053256C CN 1053256 C CN1053256 C CN 1053256C CN 94115723 A CN94115723 A CN 94115723A CN 94115723 A CN94115723 A CN 94115723A CN 1053256 C CN1053256 C CN 1053256C
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- described mining
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N adamantane Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC3CC1CC2C3 ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001573 adamantine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
- E21D23/0052—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor with advancing shifting devices connected therewith
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C27/00—Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam
- E21C27/20—Mineral freed by means not involving slitting
- E21C27/32—Mineral freed by means not involving slitting by adjustable or non-adjustable planing means with or without loading arrangements
- E21C27/34—Machine propelled along the working face by cable or chain
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
- E21D9/126—Loading devices or installations
- E21D9/128—Loader-conveyors with gathering arms
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F13/00—Transport specially adapted to underground conditions
- E21F13/06—Transport of mined material at or adjacent to the working face
- E21F13/063—Loading devices for use in mining
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Framework For Endless Conveyors (AREA)
Abstract
The mining apparatus according to the invention, which is preferably intended for use at the longwall face, uses winning devices (14) which are arranged on the self-advancing supports (2) situated in a row side by side and each comprise a front plane (20) which covers the entire height of the working face (9) in a continuous arc cut and is mounted in a pivot bearing (19) on the underside of the roof timber (8), projecting towards the working face, of the self-advancing support. The front plane (20) is preferably constructed in the manner of a planing shovel, so that it also has a loading function at the same time.
Description
The present invention relates to the especially mining equipment of coal wall exploitation usefulness of underground mining, it has that some be arranged in parallel side by side can be along the hydraulic pressure joint formula that the actual mining direction of propulsion the moves support of taking a step, and there is one to be located at before the work plane movably conveyer, wherein, the joint formula that the back timber that protracts by them the is crossed conveyer support of taking a step, be equipped with exploitation to be in the digger in the work plane district of their fronts, in order to carry out the digging cutting, digger is bearing in the floating bearing pivotally and is provided with device for revolving and driving, and floating bearing is located at the joint formula and takes a step in the other plane perpendicular to bedding of set cap.
The known mining equipment that is used for the work plane operation that various different types are arranged, they are furnished with the digger of oneself for each joint formula support of taking a step, (DE-PS 855388 so can exploit with higher labor productivity simultaneously along entire working surface length when mining, DE-AS 2412996, and DE-PS 2552817).In a kind of mining equipment of known this type (DE-PS 2806767), digger can but also can be formed the tool rack of their formation mining tools along the radial type reversing frame that direction of extraction moves along revolution highly by being bearing on the shield support back timber not only.These mining tools for example are contained on the radial type reversing frame by some, can vertically move along work plane, be equipped with the jet pipe slide unit of water under high pressure jet pipe to form, or form by driven cutting-cylinder, cutting-cylinder is by a row universal drive shaft, be linked to be a cutting-cylinder chain, or oneself a drum drive is respectively arranged with common driver device.The floating bearing of radial type reversing frame is located on the back timber of shield support column supporting, be in higher position, so, have only revolution and ahead running to combine with the radial type reversing frame, that is to say, when arc feed repeatedly, pass the radial type reversing frame step by step, could relate to and exploit the whole seam thickness of work plane by mining tool.
The mining equipment of the above-mentioned type fails to use in the practice of mining industry in fact so far, although compare with coalcutter with traditional shearing, it can reach much higher mining labor productivity, because it joins oneself a digger for each shield support, thereby can be simultaneously along whole length exploitation work plane.
Purpose of the present invention mainly is the such mining equipment of design, it can be under the situation that does not have excessive equipment expenditure, with the high productivity ratio working seam or the mineral deposit of stratiform, coal seam for example, also can exploit other mineral deposits, for example salt deposit or phosphate deposit etc. are preferably used in the exploitation coal wall, but also can be used for the shortwall exploitation as required.
For reaching this purpose, is to make digger respectively comprise a front planing tool that carries out the cutting of continuous arc along the whole height of drift face by the present invention, and the front planing tool is bearing in the joint formula and takes a step in the floating bearing of the back timber downside that support stretches out towards the work plane direction.
In the mining equipment of this structure, attach troops to a unit and be designed in the take a step digger of support or shield support of each hydraulic pressure joint formula, make it under the fixing situation of the axis of rotation of planing tool in front, can be in the arc feed of one-time continuous, by predetermined depth of cut, the whole height between the whole thickness of work plane or floor level and the top board level is exploited.Therefore can obtain higher labor productivity.This front planing tool has formed simple equipment aspect mechanical technique, so, the digger of joining for bracket component, its structural expenditure is not very big, with accessible mining labor productivity compare even can be described as very little, in addition, as the device for revolving and driving of front planing tool, can adopt simple rotary cylinder, it can carry out work by the support hydraulic system that needs anyway.Simultaneously, can also simplify the control device of digger, it can have advantage ground to combine with the electrohydraulic prop control device.Take a step support or shield support of the joint formula of hydraulic pressure stretching between top board and base plate, for the front planing tool has constituted a kind of firm pillar, its allows, and effect has high shovel to dig power in the arc cutting when mining operations.
The floating bearing of front planing tool preferably be located at least between floor level and the top board level 1/2nd height near.Therefore, it is on the conveyer, and conveyer and joint formula are taken a step in the horizontal plane between the back timber that support protracts.This that is to say with regard to digging with regard to the technology to favourable cutting section carries out operation with one with regard to making the front planing tool, especially makes the coal breakage operation become easier when mine pressure is higher and carry out.In addition, the digger with front planing tool preferably is located in the end region of back timber drift face one side of protracting, that is near the stope, and preferably makes the floating bearing of front planing tool, and its operating position is before the removable conveyer of work plane one side.Do to make the digger compact conformation like this, and the digging thing under being convenient to digger exploited is loaded in the conveyer on work plane.
The floating bearing of front planing tool is preferably adjustable on its height and position, so each digger can adapt to the seam thickness that changes fluctuation within the specific limits, and adapt to the different seam thickness that also may exist along the work plane direction, at least the fluctuation of seam thickness change to be to cause that by top board or by the variation of base plate direction this point is unimportant.
According to another important design feature of the present invention, the front planing tool is designed to drive so like this and by device for revolving and driving, promptly, it carries out operation by a kind of arc digging cutting of walking to the top board horizontal direction from floor level, can be although say in principle also along opposite operator to carrying out the arc cutting, that is carry out operation towards top, end horizontal direction from the top board level.In addition, from the arc cutting of floor level to the top board level, can also cut base plate quite smooth by means of the front planing tool, not have step, this also be favourable for moving conveyor and support.Simultaneously, this operating type also helps the digging thing is loaded in the conveyer.
The front planing tool is provided with along the joint formula of the attaching troops to a unit continuous planing tool blade of support width of taking a step.The planing tool blade is located at and the floating bearing of the front planing tool constant distance place that is separated by, and preferably is equipped with the coal plough planing tool or is made of it, and this coal plough planing tool preferably is contained on the knife rest replaceably, just as common in traditional coal plough.
Another improves design characteristic by the present invention, front planing tool be designed to the to shear form of bucket.Therefore, the front planing tool also has the function of charging, carries out work so it can be used as positive charging planing tool.The structure preferred design becomes like this, promptly, the planing tool bucket that constitutes the front planing tool has a bucket back that is connected with floating bearing, with floating bearing a constant distance place is arranged, it has a sensing drift face direction, angled and constitute the digging arm of planing tool blade with it, and it is the most much smaller that the length of digging arm cans be compared to the length of bucket back most.Digging arm and bucket back approximately meet at right angles mutually, and the digging arm preferably arrives bucket back through a bucket arc transition.This moulding of front planing tool, the digging thing of avalanche is collected in the planing tool bucket in the time of can be with the arc feed, and can be discharged into the conveyer from bucket again.Therefore, its structure should be designed to make bucket back to become marker board, is contained in the digging thing in the bucket when arc cuts, to cross the free margins of bucket back, in falling into the conveyer scope.May drop on the preceding digging thing of drift face one side conveyer, in the conveyer of can when conveyer moves, packing into.This charging process can be finished by establish the shovel flitch in work plane one side of conveyer.Also has such possibility, promptly planing tool or in the bucket back that constitutes the front planing tool is in front established charging plate or similar item, in front during planing tool commutation motion, charging plate moves towards conveyor direction along base plate, and thereby the digging thing of conveyer leading face one side on base plate is pushed in the conveyer.
More particularly, attach troops to a unit and be preferably designed as in the take a step digger of support of joint formula, the front planing tool is bearing in the floating bearing on the planing tool support, planing tool support itself is then by means of servo drive, preferably by means of at least one fluid pressure type level control jack, can swingingly be bearing in the joint formula support of taking a step in short transverse and protract in the other Pivoting bearing of back timber, therefore, the height and position of floating bearing can be adjusted, to adapt to various seam thicknesses.Be used to turn round the rotary cylinder of front planing tool or also can be a pair of rotary cylinder, therefore can be bearing in the knuckle joint of planing tool support.The planing tool support preferably is bearing in the Pivoting bearing with a kind of pattern of double-arm lever, the floating bearing of front planing tool is located on the lever arm that points to drift face, the knuckle joint of the knuckle joint of one or more rotary cylinders and/or one or more level control jack then is located on the lever arm of planing tool support of directed in opposite side (filling side).In addition, recommend the pattern of the radial type reversing frame that planing tool support Design one-tenth is unlimited, therefore, when planing tool was done the digging cutting of arc in front, the bucket back of front planing tool can pass its revolution.
For its joint formula of being furnished with digger support of taking a step preferably is made up of the shield support of hydraulic pressure, lemniscate shield support especially, its back timber downside that stretches out conveyer has the supporting extension arms that is used for digger or other similar items towards the base plate direction.The joint formula is taken a step support or shield support can be as commonly used, is connected movably on the conveyer by its stepping mechanism.
The front planing tool can be according to the pattern of chain haulage exploitation planing tool commonly used in mining industry, planing ground exploitation drift face.Especially, for the higher drift face of hardness, the cutter of front planing tool, or the part of front planing tool cutter, also can be designed to driven boring by percussion bore bit, preferred design becomes hydraulic operated boring by percussion bore bit, and is known in coal plough as them.The front planing tool also can be designed to the form of hydraulic operated jump bit, or is equipped with impulse drive means.
Other advantageous design features of the present invention, and using by advantageous exploitation method under the situation of mining equipment of the present invention, be illustrated in the description in front, and represented in conjunction with the accompanying drawings below embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail.
By the present invention, the front planing tool is made a movably element of construction in its joint formula support (shield support) of taking a step with attaching troops to a unit, wherein, the front planing tool is designed to, it is had the ability along the width of frame, only by single disposable continuous arc feed, just at whole height exploitation drift face.By many this frames that respectively is provided with a front planing tool arranged side by side, can be under situation with higher mining labor productivity, the drift face of exploitation random length.This bracket component that is provided with the front planing tool.Therefore can be used as standard block, in coal wall exploitation and shortwall exploitation, use, be particularly useful for the coal wall supporting, in addition, also can be used for pillar recovery, be used for building acclivitous tunnel or downward-sloping tunnel, or also be used in and tunnel entry in the mineral deposit in the mineral deposit.Once mentioned as the front,, can use the hydraulic jack drive unit for all actuation movement and maneuvering motion.Whole exploitation work can also be handled under the situation that does not have the expense expenditure aspect the excessive manipulation automatically.What have outstanding advantage is that by mining equipment of the present invention, the scope that can be used for working seam thickness is approximately from 1.5 meters to 3 meters.By mining equipment of the present invention, can in the mineral deposit of ore bed or stratiform, be used for exploitation, for example in the coal seam, exploit, but method that also can be same is used for exploitation in other mineral deposit, for example be used to exploit phosphate ore, or be used for producing potassium salt mine.It also can be used for slicing having under the situation of outstanding advantage.
Below in conjunction with the represented embodiment of accompanying drawing, describe the present invention in detail.
Wherein:
Fig. 1 is at a kind of mining operations, for example in the cross section of coal wall operation, expression is by a single hydraulic pressure joint formula of the present invention support of taking a step, and attach troops to a unit in its digger, wherein, the joint formula support of taking a step is positioned at after the conveyer, the home position that the front planing tool is in it before implementing arc cutting;
Fig. 2 is illustrated in as the analysing and observe in the state of Fig. 1, and frame moves, so the front planing tool penetrates in the drift face along floor level;
Fig. 3 is illustrated in as the analysing and observe in the state of Fig. 1 and 2, and the front planing tool in the arc cutting at the end is in its high rotary position.
In the exploitation work plane 1 of down-hole, by tradition the joint formula of the parallel hydraulic pressure arranged side by side of the one row support 2 of taking a step is arranged, with before it, the flat conveyer 4 that crouches on base plate 3 of drift face one side, conveyer 4 is usually designed to chain scraper conveyer, and extends longitudinally by stope.The joint formula support 2 of taking a step is connected conveyer 4 filling sides by its stepping mechanism 5, so conveyer 4 can move along mining direction A by means of stepping mechanism substoping ground, simultaneously, it also can be single or in groups along mining direction A traction with take a step support 2 of joint formula by means of stepping mechanism.
The joint formula take a step support 2 by the shield support of belt supporting frame base 6, be bearing in the bracket base 6 upper bed-plate hinges in illustrated embodiment be two along work plane hydraulic prop 7 vertically arranged side by side, cross outside the conveyer 4 and be bearing in back timber 8 in the pillar 7 capital hinges and the caving shield or the filling backplate 10 of shield support formed towards the direction of drift face 9, the latter is connected in the connection hinge 11 of back timber 8 filling side ends, and its underpart links to each other with bracket base 6 with 12 by lemniscate connecting rod 12.In illustrated embodiment, between the caving shield 10 and back timber 8 of shield support, also be plugged with a hydraulic support balance jack 13, this is existing as shield support.
Each joint formula of stope 1 support 2 of taking a step has oneself a digger 14, and digger is by the take a step width exploitation drift face 9 of support of joint formula.Be installed in to digger 14 suspension types the downside of the back timber 8 that protracts of holding top board 15.
At each joint formula protract downside of back timber 8 of support 2 of taking a step, fixedly mounted a connection cantilever 16 or a similar device that stretches out towards base plate 3, connect cantilever and can be designed to two jaws of shape again that vertically separate each other and be provided with along work plane, in its lower end, planing tool support 17 is bearing in the Pivoting bearing 18, and can be around along work plane hinge axis swing longitudinally.In the floating bearing 19 of planing tool support 17 drift faces one side, be supported with front planing tool 20, the hinge axis of floating bearing 19 is parallel to the hinge axis of Pivoting bearing 18, front planing tool 20 can be by means of upwards revolution of slewing gear, slewing gear is made up of the Hydraulic rotary cylinders 21 of one or more double-acting types, and at least two exsertile flexible levels are preferably arranged.As seen from the figure, planing tool support 17 is that the pattern by double-arm lever is bearing in the Pivoting bearing 18, wherein, the floating bearing 19 of front planing tool 20 is contained on the lever arm of the planing tool support 17 that points to drift face 9, and the knuckle joint 22 of rotary cylinder 21 then is installed on the lever arm of planing tool support 17 opposite sides.Between that lever arm that connects cantilever 16 and planing tool support 17 sensing filling directions, at least be provided with a hydraulic levels control jack 23, it is hinged in the hinge 24 that connects cantilever 16 on the one hand, be connected in the hinge 25 on the planing tool support 17 by piston rod on the other hand, therefore, under its effect, planing tool support 17 can be swung in Pivoting bearing 18.
As can be seen, the floating bearing 19 of front planing tool 20, be in the horizontal plane that is roughly at least between floor level 3 and the top board level 15 on 1/2nd height, the conveyer 4, and with respect to conveyer 4 towards position that the direction of drift face 9 moves, by means of one or more level control jack 23,, can adjust the height and position of floating bearing 19 by swing planing tool support 17, adapting to the variation of seam thickness, or adapt to the height change of drift face 9.
The front planing tool is designed to the form of bucket.It has long bucket back 26, bucket back 26 and floating bearing 19 distance of being separated by, through bottom circle 27, carry out the transition to the digging arm 28 that points to drift face 9 with respect to the bucket back angledly, its brachium is much smaller than the length of the arm that constitutes bucket back 26.Digging arm 28 and bucket back 26 meet at right angles mutually substantially.Floating bearing 19 is at the back side of bucket back 26, and bucket back leaves the floating bearing linkage and extends upward with its that end away from digging arm 27.At the back side of bucket back 26, below the floating bearing 19, be fixed with and connect cantilever 29, in illustrated embodiment, rotary cylinder 21 is connected in the hinge 30 by its piston rod.The free margins of digging arm 28 forms sword face or planing tool blade 31, and it preferably is made of a series of coal plough planing tools, and they are fixed on the knife rest of digging arm 28 replaceably.
Be preferably in drift face one side on the conveyer 4 and establish shovel flitch 32, at conveyer 4 when mining direction A passes, with this shovel flitch 32 will be in the coal plough road conveyer of packing into of the digging thing on the drift face 9 front base plates.In addition, the back side of planing tool 20 in front, that is in the illustrated embodiment in bottom figure 27 locations, if charging plate 33, when gyration that front planing tool 20 is done to return, charging plate 33 moves along base plate 3 in the bottom zone of drift face, therefore, it can push away the direction of past conveyer 4 with the digging thing that retains on the base plate herein along base plate.
In illustrated embodiment, digger 14 and front planing tool 20 design like this and are driven, promptly when actual mining, front planing tool 20 finish one continuous from floor level 3 to top board level 15, arc feed corresponding to a circular arc, the mid point of circular arc on the axis of rotation of floating bearing 19, therefore, this front planing tool predetermined excavation depth on the drift face of having exploited or shootd off.After the exploitation cutting of having finished this arc, front planing tool 20 is by means of rotary cylinder 21, back idles up to original position shown in Figure 1 again from the rotary position of Fig. 3, carries out once the exploitation cutting work of new arc there again.
Exploitation method with outstanding advantage can be described in detail as follows:
In the initial state of Fig. 1, whole joint formula take a step support 2 in work plane with respect to conveyer 4 at the mobile step pitch in its back place, the size of a mobile step pitch equals depth of cut one time, front planing tool 20 digs by this and carries out the arc cutting deeply.Front planing tool 20 is in commutation position shown in Figure 1, and under this position, its planing tool blade 31 is placed on the floor level 3, and is in substantially parallel relationship to this floor level.
Then, per second joint formula taken a step support 2 by means of its stepping mechanism 5 in one row's support, preferably with the back timber 8 that still keeps contacting with top board, and utilize conveyer 4 as mobile support saddle, along actual mining direction of propulsion A, move or step pitch of horizontal sliding towards conveyer, support 2 rests on their holding states as shown in Figure 1 and some other joint formula is taken a step.At joint formula even number or odd number the support 2 of taking a step, when position shown in Figure 2 is passed in the position of Fig. 1, drive the take a step digger 14 of support of these joint formulas, the take a step anti-reverse front planing tool 20 that is supporting in moving process of support 2 of these joint formulas, under the effect of the locomotivity that stepping mechanism produces, their planing tool blade 31 is pressed into drift face in floor level 3, so cause front planing tool 20 to penetrate in the drift face, in Fig. 2, can be clear that this situation at the height of floor level.
The joint formula of even number or odd number is taken a step after support 2 moves in above-mentioned support row, stretching between top board and base plate again, and they and digger are started working.This moment is by rotary cylinder 21 plus-pressures load.When rotary cylinder 21 extrudes, insert the front planing tool 20 in the drift face, from rotary position shown in Figure 2, do arc cutting upwards, arrive rotary position shown in Figure 3.Be collected in the planing tool bucket of front planing tool 20 making the digging thing that the arc cutting time comes off, as representing with 33 among Fig. 3.When being turned back to the final position, top, bucket back 26 is downward-sloping, and oblique conveyer 4 directions, so the digging thing 33 in the planing tool bucket, through bucket free edge 26 ' can be downwards flow into conveyer 4 from bucket, a part drops on conveyer 4 fronts of drift face one side.At this moment, front planing tool 20 is to carry out work as front charging planing tool.Drop on the digging thing on the planing tool machine road between drift face 9 and the conveyer 4, when front planing tool 20 returns the gyration of original position shown in Figure 1, by the scraper plate 26 that moves along base plate 3 "; they are passed towards conveyer 4 directions; and the latest can be when conveyer 4 moves along exploitation work direction of propulsion A, they are packed in the conveyer 4 by shovel flitch 32.
After finishing said procedure, in the regional area of per second frame 2, drift face 9 is pressed predetermined depth of cut by digging.Then, those still are in home position shown in Figure 1 and stop the not moving joint formula support 2 of taking a step, stepping mechanism 5 by means of them moves a mobile step pitch towards conveyer 4, so, their front planing tool 20 arrives the operating position now, and behind these frames of stretching again, those of drift face ought be by the mesozone of digging, in the same way depth of cut of digging.In case finished this work, conveyer 4 can move a mobile step pitch along direction of extraction A by means of joint formula stepping mechanism 5, then carries out next working cycles as previously discussed.
Illustrated whole operation process can be controlled automatically.The control device of digger 14 can be combined in the electric-liquid type control device of the support of taking a step.At the intermittence of work, can utilize rotary cylinder 21 as the snubber of front planing tool 20 towards the drift face direction.Exploitation work also can automatically be carried out in unmanned work plane.On each joint formula is taken a step support 2, can adjust the height and position of floating bearing 19 by means of one or more levels control jack 23, adapting to local seam thickness, that is adapt to the variation of the seam thickness that in the stoping operation process, may occur.
If obstacle is for example arranged in the ore bed traveling process and/or horsestone is arranged in work plane, drift face is loosening or avalanche by bursting work, and then front planing tool 20 can play protection screen, and protection is at the working face equipment (conveyer and support) of its back.When running into adamantine coal or firm especially drift face, coal plough planing tool or planing tool blade 31 also can be designed as hydraulically powered impact or rock drilling with bore bit or impact type blade.In this case, whole front planing tool 20 also can be designed to hydraulically powered jump bit, so when doing the arc cutting, obtain impact effect by means of a kind of impact type transmission device.
Utilize by mining equipment of the present invention, can be with very high mining labor productivity in the coal wall, the mineral deposit of working seam, stratiform or other mineral deposit.But also can be used to exploit shortwall in the same way by mining equipment of the present invention.In addition, this equipment also can be used for pillar recovery, wide face drivage entry, digging laneway and similar other purposes up or down in the mineral deposit.When in short drift face, using, when for example the horizontal lane of driving is logical in the mineral deposit, the support 2 but the joint formula that is equipped with digger 14 of the corresponding minimizing of usage quantity is taken a step; Can only adopt a unique joint formula that the is preferably designed as shield support support of taking a step in case of necessity, in this case, it also can have a ratio wide operation width of bracket component structure width by the trough joint length decision of coal wall conveyer in work plane uses.Also can with a plurality of be designed to same-type, each all is equipped with the joint formula of digger 14 to take a step support or shield support as standard block, be connected to each other to a sealing, structural entity movably.The digger that is made of the front planing tool is can be standardized, and it can adapt to the size and the seam thickness of various support patterns.In addition, as can be seen, the structure of the digger of band front planing tool is compact, and the required space of travelling in the structure stroke of support is unrestricted.
Claims (28)
1. underground mining is in particular for the winning equipment of coal wall exploitation, it has some parallel to each other are set up in parallel and can be along the hydraulic pressure joint formula that the actual mining direction of propulsion the is passed support of taking a step, movably conveyer of a place ahead that is located at drift face is arranged, wherein, crossing conveyer with its back timber that protracts is equipped with exploitation to be in the digger in drift face district of their fronts to the joint formula of the protracting support of taking a step, in order to carry out the digging cutting, digger is bearing in the floating bearing pivotally and is provided with device for revolving and driving, in the plane perpendicular to bedding of floating bearing by the joint formula is taken a step set cap, it is characterized by: digger (14) respectively comprises one along the front planing tool (20) of the whole height of drift face (9) by continuous arc feed face preparation antetheca, and front planing tool (20) is bearing in the joint formula and takes a step in the floating bearing (19) of back timber (8) downside that support (2) stretches out towards the drift face direction.
2. according to the described mining equipment of claim 1, it is characterized by: floating bearing (19) is located between floor level and the top board level (3,15).
3. by claim 1 or 2 described mining equipment, it is characterized by: floating bearing (19) can be adjusted its height and position by means of a servo drive (23).
4. according to the described mining equipment of claim 1, it is characterized by: floating bearing (19) is located in the operating position of front planing tool (20) movably conveyer (4) leading face antetheca one side.
5. according to the described mining equipment of claim 1, it is characterized by: front planing tool (20) is designed to drive so like this and by device for revolving and driving (21); That is, front planing tool (20) carries out operation by the digging cutting of an arc that moves to top board level (15) direction from floor level (3).
6. according to the described mining equipment of claim 1, it is characterized by: front planing tool (20) is provided with one to be had a constant distance, extends along the take a step width of support (2) of joint formula with floating bearing (19), and the planing tool blade (31) that preferably is made of row's cutter.
7. according to the described mining equipment of claim 1, it is characterized by: front planing tool (20) is designed to the pattern of planing tool bucket.
8. according to the described mining equipment of claim 7, it is characterized by: the planing tool bucket that constitutes front planing tool (20) has a bucket back (26) that is connected on the floating bearing (19), bucket back have one with floating bearing (19) be separated by a constant distance, with it angled, sensing drift face (9) direction and constitute the digging arm (28) of planing tool blade (31).
9. according to the described mining equipment of claim 8, it is characterized by: the brachium of digging arm (28) is less than the brachium of bucket back (26).
10. according to claim 8 or 9 described mining equipment, it is characterized by: digging arm (28) meets at right angles mutually with bucket back (26).
11. according to the described mining equipment of claim 8, it is characterized by: bucket back (26) deviates from that end of digging arm (28), extends on the floating bearing linkage.
12. according to the described mining equipment of claim 8, it is characterized by: bucket back (26) is designed to a digging thing (33) that excavates during with the feed of planing tool bucket arc, through its edge of back freely (26 '), drop into the marker board in the conveyer zone downwards.
13., it is characterized by according to the described mining equipment of claim 1: the device for revolving and driving (21) of front planing tool (20), to form by the Hydraulic rotary cylinders of a double-acting type at least, it preferably has at least two to shift out level.
14. according to the described mining equipment of claim 3, it is characterized by: front planing tool (20) is bearing in the floating bearing (19) on the planing tool support (17), planing tool support (17) itself is then by means of servo drive (23), by means of at least one fluid pressure type level control jack, can take a step in the other Pivoting bearing (18) of back timber (8) that support (2) protracts along highly swingingly being bearing in the joint formula.
15. according to the described mining equipment of claim 14, it is characterized by: the rotary cylinder of one or more device for revolving and driving (21) is bearing in the knuckle joint (22) on the planing tool support (17).
16. according to claim 14 or 15 described mining equipment, it is characterized by: planing tool support (17) is bearing in the Pivoting bearing (18) with a kind of pattern of double-arm lever, the floating bearing (19) of front planing tool (20) is located on the lever arm that points to drift face (9), the knuckle joint of the knuckle joint of rotary cylinder (21) and/or level control jack (23) is located on the lever arm of planing tool support (17) of directed in opposite side.
17. according to the described mining equipment of claim 14, it is characterized by: planing tool support (17) is designed to radial type reversing frame or other similar patterns of opening, and when digging was cut, the bucket back (26) of front planing tool (20) can pass its revolution.
18. according to the described mining equipment of claim 1, it is characterized by: charging plate (33) is established at planing tool (20) back side in front, when planing tool (20) is done back gyration in front, and the direction motion of charging plate (33) along base plate (3) towards conveyer (4).
19. according to the described mining equipment of claim 1, it is characterized by: the joint formula support (2) of taking a step is made up of the shield support of hydraulic pressure, the back timber that stretches out conveyer (8) downside at it has towards the supporting extension arms that is used for digger (14) (16) of base plate (3) direction.
20., it is characterized by according to the described mining equipment of claim 1: take a step support (2) or constitute its shield support of joint formula, by it hydraulic walking mechanism (5) but be connected on the conveyer (4) of horizontal sliding.
21. according to the described mining equipment of claim 1, it is characterized by: the planing tool blade (31) of front planing tool (20), or the part of front planing tool (20) cutter of formation planing tool blade are designed to hydraulically powered impact type member or boring by percussion bore bit.
22. according to the described mining equipment of claim 1, it is characterized by: front planing tool (20) is designed to hydraulic operated jump bit pattern, or is provided with impulse drive means.
23., it is characterized by: be provided with front planing tool (20) and the take a step electrofluidic control device of support (2) of the joint formula that matches with it according to the described mining equipment of claim 1.
24. according to the described mining equipment of claim 1, it is characterized by: front planing tool (20) can be used as towards the snubber of drift face (9) direction.
25. according to the described mining equipment of claim 1, it is characterized by: conveyer (4) has a shovel flitch (32) in drift face one side.
26. the exploitation method when using by the described mining equipment of claim 1, it is characterized by: from the take a step home position of supporting immediately of support (2) of joint formula, at first, the joint formula of even number or odd number take a step support along the exploitation work direction of propulsion (A) move forwardly into the exploitation position, this moment, the joint formula of odd number or even number took a step that to stay the home position of the state of transferring motionless for support, afterwards, the take a step front planing tool (20) of support (2) of reach and the joint formula transferred, in their scope with depth of cut of drift face digging, then, the joint formula of odd number or even number take a step support from home position move forwardly into the exploitation position, so that in these joint formulas are taken a step the support scope, by means of front planing tool (20) getting working face antetheca.
27. according to the described method of claim 26, it is characterized by: the joint formula supporting band of taking a step the front planing tool (20) that remains on steering position and is moved forward together, in the reach process, front planing tool (20) penetrates in the drift face along floor level (3) with its planing tool blade (31).
28. use according to the joint formula of band front planing tool one digger (14) of the described outfit of claim 1 take a step support or shield support (2), be used to exploit shortwall, be particularly useful for along a layer drifting gallery, tunnel up or down inclined shaft etc.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19934328863 DE4328863C2 (en) | 1993-08-27 | 1993-08-27 | Mining facility for underground mining |
| DEP4328863.4 | 1993-08-27 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1103926A CN1103926A (en) | 1995-06-21 |
| CN1053256C true CN1053256C (en) | 2000-06-07 |
Family
ID=6496179
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94115723A Expired - Lifetime CN1053256C (en) | 1993-08-27 | 1994-08-26 | Apparatus for underground extraction |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1053256C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4328863C2 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL174360B1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2138646C1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19737936B4 (en) * | 1997-08-30 | 2007-01-25 | Dbt Gmbh | Dredging device for underground mining, especially for coal mining in longwall mining |
| DE20320161U1 (en) * | 2003-12-29 | 2004-03-04 | Dbt Gmbh | Chisel holder for a planer chisel of a coal or mining plane and planer chisel |
| WO2009103307A1 (en) * | 2008-02-19 | 2009-08-27 | Rag Aktiengesellschaft | Method for automatically creating a defined face opening in longwall coal mining operations |
| CN101839138B (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2012-11-21 | 芬雷选煤工程技术(北京)有限公司 | Development machine |
| EP2397650A1 (en) * | 2010-05-05 | 2011-12-21 | Gulan, Jan Zaklad Slusarsko-Mechaniczny Gulmech | Manipulator, in particular for road driving machine |
| AT510433B1 (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2012-04-15 | Sandvik Mining And Construction Gmbh | Mining machine |
| RU2459076C1 (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2012-08-20 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Санкт-Петербургский государственный горный институт имени Г.В. Плеханова (технический университет)" | Mining module |
| CN102589514B (en) * | 2011-01-15 | 2014-05-07 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Heading machine pose parameter measuring device and method thereof |
| DE102011120760B4 (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2013-11-21 | Zeppelin Baumaschinen Gmbh | Jib device for a construction machine and construction machine with such a jib device |
| CN102536292B (en) * | 2012-02-23 | 2015-07-29 | 卡特彼勒（郑州）有限公司 | Automatic coal falling type hydraulic support |
| CN102877840B (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2016-01-06 | 中国煤炭进出口公司 | A kind of coal excavation apparatus |
| CN103485795B (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2015-07-01 | 河南理工大学 | Method for quickly tunneling mine roadway and consecutively timbering mine roadway |
| CN103485813B (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2016-04-27 | 北京诚田恒业煤矿设备有限公司 | A kind of coal mining shield support scraping device |
| CN105019912B (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2017-04-19 | 王燏斌 | Shield tunneling method and shield tunneling machine |
| CN105065052B (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2019-05-07 | 长治市永华机械有限公司 | Hydraulic support one continuous line mechanization transition system |
| CN105109564B (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2018-11-23 | 长治市永华机械有限公司 | Crawler type transports unwheeling |
| CN107795275A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-03-13 | 王世美 | A kind of mining machine |
| CN109403968A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-01 | 贵州大学 | A kind of coal mine with illumination functions is with adopting plane device |
| CN109505605A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-03-22 | 天地科技股份有限公司上海分公司 | The hard continuous winning apparatus of mineral aggregate down-hole mechanicalization |
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| SU1239356A1 (en) * | 1984-05-22 | 1986-06-23 | Makarov Yanvar | Excavating unit for steep beds |
| DE2806767C2 (en) * | 1978-02-17 | 1987-04-23 | Gewerkschaft Eisenhütte Westfalia GmbH, 4670 Lünen | Mining equipment for long or short front mining |
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| SU1469171A1 (en) * | 1987-07-07 | 1989-03-30 | Тульский Политехнический Институт | Power support unit canopy |
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- 1993-08-27 DE DE19934328863 patent/DE4328863C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-08-25 PL PL94304798A patent/PL174360B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-08-26 RU RU94030482A patent/RU2138646C1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-08-26 CN CN94115723A patent/CN1053256C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2806767C2 (en) * | 1978-02-17 | 1987-04-23 | Gewerkschaft Eisenhütte Westfalia GmbH, 4670 Lünen | Mining equipment for long or short front mining |
| SU1239356A1 (en) * | 1984-05-22 | 1986-06-23 | Makarov Yanvar | Excavating unit for steep beds |
| SU1461987A1 (en) * | 1987-04-01 | 1989-02-28 | Сибирский Государственный Проектно-Конструкторский И Экспериментальный Институт Горного Машиностроения "Сибгипрогормаш" | Face support canopy |
| SU1469171A1 (en) * | 1987-07-07 | 1989-03-30 | Тульский Политехнический Институт | Power support unit canopy |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2138646C1 (en) | 1999-09-27 |
| RU94030482A (en) | 1996-06-20 |
| DE4328863A1 (en) | 1995-03-02 |
| PL174360B1 (en) | 1998-07-31 |
| PL304798A1 (en) | 1995-03-06 |
| CN1103926A (en) | 1995-06-21 |
| DE4328863C2 (en) | 2001-09-27 |
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