CN105319583A - Vibroseis aliasing data imaging method on the basis of frequency division dynamic coding - Google Patents
Vibroseis aliasing data imaging method on the basis of frequency division dynamic coding Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a vibroseis aliasing data imaging method on the basis of frequency division dynamic coding. The vibroseis aliasing data imaging method provided by the invention comprises: the step 1, inputting earthquake source and gun records; the step 2, reconstructing an earthquake source wave field and a reception wave field prior to coding after wave field prolongation of the earthquake source and gun records is performed through the wave fields; the step 3, inputting a frequency division coding matrix; the step 4, coding the earthquake source wave field and the reception wave field through adoption of the coding matrix; the step 5, imaging the earthquake source wave field and the reception wave field after coding; and the step 6, outputting an imaging result. The vibroseis aliasing data imaging method provided by the invention may reduce crosstalk noise generated in the aliasing data offset, decrease the calculation amount of the offset and improve the efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seism processing field, particularly relate to a kind of vibroseis aliased data formation method based on frequency division dynamic coding.
Background technology
International market is moved towards gradually along with petroleum prospecting, vibroseis technique also goes in the exploration being applied to reality widely, particularly vibroseis highly effective gathering mode, as slip scan collection, V1 gather, substantially increase exploration efficiency, reduce the cost of Seismic Exploration with Vibrator.Therefore, the aspect such as principle of work, shooting parameter, disposal skill of vibroseis is studied, improve the ability gathering, process vibroseis data and the development trend adapting to domestic seismic prospecting is very important.
Under the prerequisite ensureing collecting efficiency and acquisition quality, develop a series of highly efficient collecting method, as alternate sweep, slip scan, independent synchronization scanning (ISS), remote synchronous scanning (DSSS).Can the aliased data of broad sense also claims channel set, is to adopt many source patterns to excite obtained mixing seismic wave field, carry out the key that effective imaging is latter earthquake data interpretation to aliased data.For the problem of shooting on group and aliased data imaging, become the important research direction of domestic and international experts and scholars.We have invented a kind of vibroseis aliased data formation method based on frequency division dynamic coding newly for this reason, solve above technical matters.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the aliased data imaging technique of a kind of exploitation based on efficient acquisition techniques such as alternate sweep, slip scan, independent synchronization scanning (ISS), remote synchronous scanning (DSSS), the data gathered for highly effective gathering mode carry out the vibroseis aliased data formation method based on frequency division dynamic coding that follow-up interpretation work is provided as picture basis.
Object of the present invention realizes by following technical measures: based on the vibroseis aliased data formation method of frequency division dynamic coding, should comprise: step 1, input focus and big gun record based on the vibroseis aliased data formation method of frequency division dynamic coding; Step 2, rebuilds source wavefield coding before and receives wave field after carrying out wave field extrapolation by wave field to focus and big gun record; Step 3, input frequency division encoder matrix; Step 4, application encoder matrix is encoded to source wavefield and reception wave field; Step 5, carries out imaging to the source wavefield after coding and reception wave field; And step 6, export imaging results.
Object of the present invention also realizes by following technical measures:
In step 2, the source wavefield of reconstruction with reception wave field is:
Wherein:
represent the source wavefield and reception wave field rebuild after wave field extrapolation being carried out to focus and big gun record by wave field respectively, N
srepresent the sum of big gun record, W
s, W
rrepresent the source wavefield that physics is relevant and receive wave field.
In step 3, E is used
m,npresentation code matrix, m represents row index, i.e. big gun index, and n is column index, number of times of namely encoding, and entry of a matrix element is expressed as following form:
E
m,n＝A
m,nexp(-jφ
m,n)(3)
A represents the amplitude weight of m big gun collection in n-th coding, φ
m,nrepresent the phase shift of m big gun collection in n-th coding, suppose that encoder matrix is a frequency independently encoder matrix, this matrix is three-dimensional, and the third dimension is frequencies omega, and therefore encoder matrix can be write as:
E
m,n(ω)＝A
m,n(ω)exp(-jφ
m,n(ω))(4)
The encoder matrix of frequency division coding is expressed as:
wherein w
ibe i-th frequency.
In step 3, the mode object of frequency division coding makes when i ≠ j
wherein, i, j are the coordinate in length and breadth of encoder matrix respectively,
represent the source wavefield and reception wave field rebuild after wave field extrapolation being carried out to focus and big gun record by wave field respectively; When encoding to a Ge Chaobao road collection, the wave field of frequency field is carried out frequency division, to making each source wavefield use different frequency bands respectively, and the frequency that in a channel set, a focus uses does not have overlap, and corresponding reception wave field frequency allocation situation is identical with source wavefield.
In step 4, Chao Bao road collection is formed to big gun collection coding and to be multiplied with encoder matrix with big gun collection and to represent, the source wavefield so after coding and receive wave field and be:
B
S＝W
SE(5)
B
R＝W
RE(6)
Wherein: B
s, B
rbe respectively the source wavefield after coding and accept wave field, W
s, W
rbe respectively the source wavefield after reconstruction and receive wave field, E is encoder matrix.
In steps of 5, to the expression formula that the source wavefield after coding and reception wave field carry out imaging be:
Wherein, R
efor the source wavefield after coding and the imaging results receiving wave field, B
sfor the source wavefield after coding,
it is the conjugate transpose receiving wave field after coding.
The vibroseis aliased data formation method based on frequency division dynamic coding in the present invention, the mode of coding is adopted to offset by processing the wave field of each shot point to aliased data, the impact of coherent term in the process of migration imaging is made to reach minimum, and then elimination cross-talk noise, while raising counting yield, improve imaging precision.The present invention is directed to this feature of vibroseis propose based on coding aliased data direct imaging technology, can reduce aliased data skew in produce crosstalk noise and reduce skew calculated amount raise the efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of a specific embodiment of the vibroseis aliased data formation method based on frequency division dynamic coding of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an encoder matrix;
Fig. 3 is the least squares approximation results that 0-60HZ carries out frequency division dynamic coding;
Fig. 4 is the least squares approximation results that 5-55HZ carries out frequency division dynamic coding;
Fig. 5 is the least squares approximation results that 10-50HZ carries out frequency division dynamic coding;
Fig. 6 is the least squares approximation results that 15-45HZ carries out frequency division dynamic coding;
Fig. 7 is the least squares approximation results that 20-40HZ carries out frequency division dynamic coding;
Fig. 8 is the least squares approximation results that 25-35HZ carries out frequency division dynamic coding;
Fig. 9 is frequency division frequency band length-curve consuming time.
Embodiment
For making above and other object of the present invention, feature and advantage can become apparent, cited below particularly go out preferred embodiment, and coordinate shown in accompanying drawing, be described in detail below.
As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the vibroseis aliased data formation method based on frequency division dynamic coding of the present invention.
In step 101, input focus and big gun record.
In step 102, rebuild the source wavefield before coding and receive wave field after wave field extrapolation being carried out to focus and big gun record by wave field;
Wherein:
represent the source wavefield and reception wave field rebuild after wave field extrapolation being carried out to focus and big gun record by wave field respectively, N
srepresent the sum of big gun record, W
s, W
rrepresent the source wavefield that physics is relevant and receive wave field.
In step 103, input frequency division encoder matrix.
Encoder matrix E is N
s× N
ematrix, line number N
sthe number of big gun record, columns N
ethe number of times of coding, as shown in Figure 2.Each row in encoder matrix are corresponding once to the coding of individual big gun collection, how to be assembled altogether by each big gun before determining skew; Its every a line represents each source wavefield or the weighting receiving wave field.We use E
m,npresentation code matrix, m represents row index (big gun index), and n is column index (coding number of times).We can be expressed as following form entry of a matrix element:
E
m,n＝A
m,nexp(-jφ
m,n)(3)
A represents the amplitude weight of m big gun collection in n-th coding, φ
m,nrepresent the phase shift of m big gun collection in n-th coding.Element in encoder matrix can be positive number or negative, real number or plural number, and its form is relevant with its physical significance.Such as, real part in element represents the weight of corresponding big gun collection in whole wave field (optical amplitude encoding), if plural number represents the phase shift (phase encoding) will carried out this big gun collection, the reversion to amplitudes egales is represented when real part is negative value, coding can be carry out amplitude or phase place merely, also can be carry out amplitude and phase place simultaneously.
We also can suppose a frequency independently encoder matrix, and therefore this matrix can be three-dimensional, and the third dimension is frequency, and therefore encoder matrix can be write as:
E
m,n(ω)＝A
m,n(ω)exp(-jφ
m,n(ω))(4)
The encoder matrix of frequency division coding can be expressed as:
Wherein w
ibe i-th frequency.
Also the mode object that can be understood as frequency division coding makes when i ≠ j
wherein, i, j are the coordinate in length and breadth of encoder matrix respectively,
represent the source wavefield and reception wave field rebuild after wave field extrapolation being carried out to focus and big gun record by wave field respectively.In order to reach this object when encoding to a Ge Chaobao road collection, the wave field of frequency field is carried out frequency division, to making each source wavefield use different frequency bands respectively, and the frequency that in a channel set, a focus uses does not have overlap, corresponding reception wave field frequency allocation situation is identical with source wavefield.
In step 104, application encoder matrix is encoded to source wavefield and reception wave field.
Form Chao Bao road collection to big gun collection coding to be multiplied with encoder matrix with big gun collection and to represent, the source wavefield so after coding and receive wave field and be:
B
S＝W
SE(5)
B
R＝W
RE(6)
Wherein: B
s, B
rbe respectively the source wavefield after coding and accept wave field, W
s, W
rbe respectively the source wavefield after reconstruction and receive wave field, E is encoder matrix.
In step 105, imaging is carried out to the source wavefield after coding and reception wave field;
Wherein, R
efor the source wavefield after coding and the imaging results receiving wave field, B
sfor the source wavefield after coding,
it is the conjugate transpose receiving wave field after coding.
In step 106, export imaging results.Flow process terminates.
In order to study the relation of division range and imaging results, we carry out frequency division encoding ratio comparatively to different frequency scope respectively.The dominant frequency of focus is 30 hertz, and around this dominant frequency, we carry out frequency division encoded test to 0-60hz, 5-55hz, 10-50hz, 15-45hz, 20-40hz and 25-35hz six frequency ranges respectively, analyzes division range influence on RT.Fig. 3 to Fig. 8 is the result of different frequency bands being carried out to frequency division coded imaging, from figure, we can find out diminishing along with frequency range, the quality of imaging results is being deteriorated gradually, but not obvious when the scope that frequency range diminishes is little, and diminishing of frequency range can reduce calculated amount thus reduce computing time.Fig. 9 is the relation of the consuming time and frequency band range that different frequency bands carries out testing, and is also shortening gradually computing time as seen along with frequency band length narrows.Therefore, we can under the prerequisite ensureing image quality, and shorten division range, it is helpful for improving counting yield to us.
Vibroseis highly effective gathering mode, as slip scan collection, V1 gather, substantially increases exploration efficiency, reduces the cost of Seismic Exploration with Vibrator.Therefore, the aspect such as principle of work, shooting parameter, disposal skill of vibroseis is studied, improve the ability gathering, process vibroseis data and the development trend adapting to domestic seismic prospecting is very important.The invention provides a kind of frequency division dynamic coding aliased data imaging technique for this reason, develop the aliased data imaging technique based on alternate sweep, slip scan, independent synchronization scanning (ISS), efficient acquisition technique such as remote synchronous scanning (DSSS) etc., the data gathered for highly effective gathering mode are carried out follow-up interpretation work and are provided as picture basis.
Technique scheme is one embodiment of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, on the basis that the invention discloses application process and principle, be easy to make various types of improvement or distortion, and the method be not limited only to described by the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, should this previously described mode be preferred, and not there is restrictive meaning.
Claims (6)
1. based on the vibroseis aliased data formation method of frequency division dynamic coding, it is characterized in that, should comprise based on the vibroseis aliased data formation method of frequency division dynamic coding:
Step 1, input focus and big gun record;
Step 2, rebuilds source wavefield coding before and receives wave field after carrying out wave field extrapolation by wave field to focus and big gun record;
Step 3, input frequency division encoder matrix;
Step 4, application encoder matrix is encoded to source wavefield and reception wave field;
Step 5, carries out imaging to the source wavefield after coding and reception wave field; And
Step 6, exports imaging results.
2. the vibroseis aliased data formation method based on frequency division dynamic coding according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 2, source wavefield and the reception wave field of reconstruction are:
Wherein:
represent the source wavefield and reception wave field rebuild after wave field extrapolation being carried out to focus and big gun record by wave field respectively, N
srepresent the sum of big gun record, W
s, W
rrepresent the source wavefield that physics is relevant and receive wave field.
3. the vibroseis aliased data formation method based on frequency division dynamic coding according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 3, uses E
m,npresentation code matrix, m represents row index, i.e. big gun index, and n is column index, number of times of namely encoding, and entry of a matrix element is expressed as following form:
E
m,n＝A
m,nexp(-jφ
m,n)(3)
A represents the amplitude weight of m big gun collection in n-th coding, φ
m,nrepresent the phase shift of m big gun collection in n-th coding, suppose that encoder matrix is a frequency independently encoder matrix, this matrix is three-dimensional, and the third dimension is frequencies omega, and therefore encoder matrix can be write as:
E
m,n(ω)＝A
m,n(ω)exp(-jφ
m,n(ω))(4)
The encoder matrix of frequency division coding is expressed as:
wherein w
ibe i-th frequency.
4. the vibroseis aliased data formation method based on frequency division dynamic coding according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in step 3, the mode object of frequency division coding makes when i ≠ j
wherein, i, j are the coordinate in length and breadth of encoder matrix respectively,
represent the source wavefield and reception wave field rebuild after wave field extrapolation being carried out to focus and big gun record by wave field respectively; When encoding to a Ge Chaobao road collection, the wave field of frequency field is carried out frequency division, to making each source wavefield use different frequency bands respectively, and the frequency that in a channel set, a focus uses does not have overlap, and corresponding reception wave field frequency allocation situation is identical with source wavefield.
5. the vibroseis aliased data formation method based on frequency division dynamic coding according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 4, Chao Bao road collection is formed to big gun collection coding and to be multiplied with encoder matrix with big gun collection and to represent, the source wavefield so after coding and receive wave field and be:
B
S＝W
SE(5)
B
R＝W
RE(6)
Wherein: B
s, B
rbe respectively the source wavefield after coding and accept wave field, W
s, W
rbe respectively the source wavefield after reconstruction and receive wave field, E is encoder matrix.
6. the vibroseis aliased data formation method based on frequency division dynamic coding according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in steps of 5, the expression formula of the source wavefield after coding and reception wave field being carried out to imaging is:
Wherein, R
efor the source wavefield after coding and the imaging results receiving wave field, B
sfor the source wavefield after coding,
it is the conjugate transpose receiving wave field after coding.
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