CN105304839B

CN105304839B - Battery module with liquid cooling

Info

Publication number: CN105304839B
Application number: CN201510432867.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: A.瓦滕贝格
Original assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Current assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date: 2014-07-23
Filing date: 2015-07-22
Publication date: 2020-06-30
Anticipated expiration: 2035-07-22
Also published as: CN105304839A; DE102014214320A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a battery module (1), in particular for producing a vehicle battery, having a battery module housing (2) in which at least one battery cell (3) is accommodated, and having at least one cooling module (4) by means of which the at least one battery cell (3) can be cooled, wherein the battery module housing (2) has an internal rib structure, from which at least one internal first compartment (5) is formed, into which the at least one battery cell (3) can be inserted. According to the invention, at least one outer lateral groove (6) or at least one inner second compartment (7) is formed by the rib structure, and at least one cooling module (4) can be inserted into the at least one groove (6) or the at least one inner second compartment (7).

Description

Battery module with liquid cooling

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a battery module having a liquid cooling member.

Background

There is an increasing demand for energy storage systems which are widely used not only in stationary applications but also in mobile applications. Emergency power systems (notstrom systems) and temporary storage for electrical energy in wind or photovoltaic installations can be cited as corresponding examples for stationary storage, and the automotive industry, including electric and hybrid vehicles, can be cited as examples for mobile use.

The electrical energy store here comprises, for example, a plurality of rechargeable storage elements which are designed in the form of batteries or battery systems and have storage cells designed as battery cells.

The assembly of the battery system is achieved by electrically connecting a plurality of battery cells or a plurality of battery modules, i.e. by connecting these battery cells or battery modules in series and/or in parallel. The assembly of the battery module is likewise achieved by the electrical connection of a plurality of battery cells connected in series and/or in parallel. The connection of the individual battery cells in series and/or parallel to form a battery module, the connection of a plurality of battery modules to form battery subunits and the connection of a plurality of battery subunits to form a battery pack is carried out according to the voltage and power requirements to be met for the respective application.

In order to achieve the highest possible energy density, the battery cells and the battery modules are arranged as close to one another as possible. For this purpose, they usually have a prismatic or cylindrical battery housing which supports a densely layered, stacked assembly.

However, due to the high packing density achieved in this way, the heat generated during the electrochemical charging and discharging processes is difficult to dissipate. In this case, it is also necessary, for safety and functional reasons, for high-power batteries, in particular for lithium-ion batteries, to ensure that the battery cells are operated in a defined temperature range.

In order to allow the battery cells to operate within an optimum temperature range, high power battery packs are temperature regulated by a thermal management system. For this purpose, according to the current state of the art, the battery cells or modules are mounted, for example, on a plate through which a fluid passes, in order to be cooled. Furthermore, an arrangement is described in US 7, 264, 901B 2, in which the battery cells are cooled laterally.

An increasing challenge in the mechanical design of battery systems is the reduction of weight and the rational assembly and connection techniques. Here, the construction of the battery module is of great importance because the assembly of the battery module requires a long installation time, and the weight of the battery pack depends greatly on the construction of the battery module.

Disclosure of Invention

The aim of the invention is to provide a lightweight battery module which can be mounted with little expenditure of time.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by the following features: at least one outer lateral recess and at least one inner second compartment are formed by the rib structure, into which at least two cooling modules are inserted, respectively. The advantageous embodiments of the invention are as follows: at least one cooling module has a cooling module housing, which can be connected to at least one inner second compartment or at least one outer lateral groove of the battery module housing in a form-fitting manner; the battery module housing is configured in the shape of a right parallelepiped, and at least one battery cell and at least one cooling module are configured in the shape of prisms; at least one internal first compartment and at least one internal second compartment of the battery module housing have an elongated cross section, and the first and second compartments and the lateral grooves are arranged parallel to an outer surface of the battery module housing; the battery module housing has a plurality of second compartments or a plurality of recesses with a plurality of cooling modules inserted, wherein the cooling module housings of the plurality of cooling modules arranged in parallel each have the same housing shape; the battery module housing is configured in the shape of a right parallelepiped, and at least one battery cell is configured in the shape of a cylinder; the battery module housing has a plurality of second compartments or a plurality of grooves with a plurality of inserted cooling modules, which have a partially circular or wavy cross section; the battery module housing has a plurality of second compartments or a plurality of recesses with a plurality of cooling modules inserted, wherein the cooling module housings of all the cooling modules each have the same housing shape; the receptacle formed by the at least one lateral recess is closed on one side by a base or cover part; the cooling module housing of the cooling module is constructed from plastic.

According to the invention, a battery module, in particular for producing a vehicle battery, is provided, having a battery module housing, in which at least one battery cell is accommodated, and having at least one cooling module, by means of which at least one battery cell can be cooled, wherein the battery module housing has an internal rib structure, from which at least one internal first compartment is formed, into which at least one battery cell can be inserted. Stipulating: the outer lateral grooves or the inner second compartment are formed by a rib structure, and at least one cooling module can be inserted into the grooves or the inner second compartment. The outer lateral recess can also be referred to as an outer lateral guide or an outer lateral grid.

Such a battery module offers the advantage of a very short installation time, since in general a plurality of battery cells can be inserted prefabricated into the respective inner first compartment and, expediently, a plurality of cooling modules can be inserted prefabricated into the respective inner second compartment or the outer lateral recess. Here, both the battery cells and the cooling module can be prefabricated separately from the mounting process of the battery module. Advantageously, the costly mounting of the battery module on the cooling plate can be eliminated.

The cooling module can be inserted into the rail-like recess, for example, from two directions, for example, above or below, the cooling module can be protected against falling out by a positive connection of the cooling module housing to the inner second compartment or the receptacle formed by the lateral recess.

Advantageously, the battery module housing is substantially rectangular parallelepiped-shaped, and the at least one battery cell and the at least one cooling module are substantially prismatic. This configuration enables stacking and stacking of the modules and thus efficient use of space without forming a gap or space between the battery cells and the cooling module.

The battery module housing is advantageously designed such that the at least one inner first compartment and the at least one inner second compartment of the battery module housing have an elongated cross section and the inner compartments and the lateral grooves are arranged parallel to the outer surface of the battery module housing. This design has the advantage that space can be used efficiently.

Furthermore, the battery module housing advantageously has a plurality of second compartments or a plurality of recesses with a plurality of cooling modules inserted, wherein the cooling module housings of a plurality of cooling modules arranged in parallel each have the same housing shape. Identically shaped cooling module housings provide a rationalization advantage, since a plurality of identical cooling modules can be installed in one battery module.

In a further embodiment, the battery module housing is substantially rectangular parallelepiped-shaped and the at least one battery cell is cylindrical. The cooling of the cylindrical battery cells can be carried out according to the same principle, wherein, for example, the shape of the cooling module is adapted to the shape of one or more cylindrical battery cells arranged next to one another.

In this way, the battery module housing advantageously has a plurality of second compartments or a plurality of recesses with a plurality of inserted cooling modules, which have a partially slightly rounded or wavy cross section. In the case of a dense, for example, half-diameter-staggered arrangement of cylindrical battery cells, the cooling modules arranged between the battery cells can, for example, have a narrow, corrugated cross section, so that the cooling modules partially close the battery cells with each turn of the corrugations (schlink).

Advantageously, the battery module housing has a plurality of second compartments or a plurality of recesses with a plurality of cooling modules inserted, wherein the cooling module housings of all cooling modules have the same housing shape. This embodiment offers the advantage of a high degree of rationality in the production process, since only the dimensions of the cooling module are required, which can be used independently of the positioning in the inner second compartment or in the lateral receptacle formed by the recess.

Furthermore, the receptacle formed by the at least one lateral recess is advantageously closed on one side by a base or cover, so that the cooling module, which is connected to the battery module housing, for example by press-fitting (Presssitz), is additionally protected against falling out.

Advantageously, the cooling module housing of the cooling module is constructed from plastic. A cooling module housing constructed from plastic offers the advantages of light weight and simple manufacturability.

Drawings

The invention is further explained below with the aid of preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 illustrates one embodiment of a battery module according to the present invention;

fig. 2 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a battery module housing of a battery module according to the invention for laterally accommodating a cooling module;

fig. 3 shows a second embodiment of a battery module housing of a second battery module according to the invention for laterally and internally accommodating a cooling module;

fig. 4 shows a third exemplary embodiment of a battery module housing of a third battery module according to the invention for accommodating cooling modules of the same size laterally and internally.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a battery module 1 with a battery module housing 2, into which six battery cells 3 are inserted. The six battery cells 3 can be cooled by two laterally arranged cooling modules 4. The battery module housing 2 has an internal rib structure, by means of which six internal first compartments 5 are formed as shown in fig. 2. One battery cell 3 can be inserted in each of the six compartments 5. Furthermore, two outer, lateral grooves 6 are formed by the rib structure, as part of the left-hand and right-hand rails, into which one cooling module 4 can be inserted in each case. As can be seen from fig. 1, the battery cell 3 is connected to the first inner compartment 5 in a form-fitting manner. Likewise, the cooling module 4 is positively connected to the outer, lateral recess 6 and is thus prevented from falling out. The battery module housing 2 is substantially rectangular parallelepiped-shaped. The projection of the battery module 1 on its bottom side differs only slightly from the rectangular shape. The cooling module 4, the battery cells 3 and the battery module housing 2 are closed off flush with one another in height and are only exceeded by the inlet and outlet connections 9 and the battery poles 10 of the cooling module 4. The inlet and outlet connections 9 serve for the supply and discharge of a cooling fluid, preferably water. The cooling module housing of the cooling module 4 is constructed from plastic. The rectangular hexahedral shape of the battery module 1 allows it to be efficiently assembled and bundled into, for example, battery subunits.

Fig. 2 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a battery module housing 2 of a battery module 1 according to the invention for laterally accommodating a cooling module 4. Fig. 2 shows six inner first compartments 5, into which prismatic battery cells 3 can be inserted. The compartments 5 have an elongated cross section and are arranged parallel to the outer surface of the battery module housing 2, as are the lateral grooves 6. The end faces of the compartments 5 are closed flush with one another. This achieves that the inner compartment 5 is aligned at right angles and that the receptacles formed by the recesses 6 for laterally receiving the cooling modules 4 are arranged lying along its end faces. This achieves cooling of the end faces of the battery cells 3. Furthermore, the receptacle formed by the lateral recess 6 on the longitudinal side of the battery module 1 is closed off to one side by a base 8 or a cover, which is visible in fig. 2, in order to additionally protect the cooling module 4 against falling out.

Fig. 3 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a battery module housing 2 of a second battery module 1 according to the invention. The battery module housing 2 has both a first compartment 5 for receiving the interior of the battery cells 3 and a second compartment 7 for receiving the interior of the cooling module 4. The first internal compartment 5 and the second internal compartment 7 of the battery module housing 2 have an elongated cross section. Furthermore, the first inner compartment 5 and the second inner compartment 7 are also long, so that their end faces are flush-closed as in the first exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 4 shows a third exemplary embodiment of a battery module housing 2 of a third battery module 1 according to the invention for accommodating cooling modules 4 of the same size laterally and internally. This arrangement corresponds to the arrangement of fig. 3, with the difference from fig. 3 being that the longitudinal sides of the battery module housing 2 have a plurality of recesses 6, by means of which a plurality of, in this case two, receptacles for receiving the cooling modules 4 are formed. Fig. 4 shows a battery module housing 2, wherein a plurality of second compartments 7 and a plurality of recesses 6 allow the insertion of a plurality of cooling modules 4, wherein the cooling module housings of all cooling modules 4 each have the same housing shape.

Claims

1. A battery module (1) having a battery module housing (2), in which at least one battery cell (3) is accommodated, and at least two cooling modules (4), by means of which at least one battery cell (3) can be cooled, wherein the battery module housing (2) has an internal rib structure, from which at least one internal first compartment (5) is formed, into which at least one battery cell (3) is inserted, characterized in that,

at least one outer lateral groove (6) and at least one inner second compartment (7) are formed by the rib structure, and at least two cooling modules (4) are inserted into the at least one groove (6) and the at least one inner second compartment (7), respectively.

2. The battery module (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one cooling module (4) has a cooling module housing which can be connected in a form-fitting manner to at least one inner second compartment (7) or to at least one outer lateral recess (6) of the battery module housing (2).

3. The battery module (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery module housing (2) is configured as a rectangular parallelepiped and at least one battery cell (3) and at least one cooling module (4) are configured as a prism.

4. The battery module (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one internal first grid (5) and at least one internal second grid (7) of the battery module housing (2) have an elongated cross section, and the first and second grids (5, 7) and the lateral grooves (6) are arranged parallel to the outer surface of the battery module housing (2).

5. The battery module (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the battery module housing (2) has a plurality of second compartments (7) or a plurality of recesses (6) with a plurality of inserted cooling modules (4), wherein the cooling module housings of a plurality of cooling modules (4) arranged in parallel each have the same housing shape.

6. The battery module (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery module housing (2) is configured as a right-angled hexahedron and at least one battery cell (3) is configured as a cylinder.

7. The battery module (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the battery module housing (2) has a plurality of second lattices (7) or a plurality of grooves (6) with a plurality of inserted cooling modules (4) with a partially circular or undulating cross section.

8. The battery module (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the battery module housing (2) has a plurality of second compartments (7) or a plurality of recesses (6) with a plurality of inserted cooling modules (4), wherein the cooling module housings of all cooling modules (4) each have the same housing shape.

9. The battery module (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the receptacle formed by the at least one lateral groove (6) is closed on one side by a base (8) or a cover.

10. The battery module (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cooling module housing of the cooling module (4) is constructed of plastic.

11. The battery module (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery module (1) is used for constructing a vehicle battery.