CN105301852B - Light control device and its manufacturing method and transparent display with the equipment - Google Patents

Light control device and its manufacturing method and transparent display with the equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105301852B
CN105301852B CN201510363238.5A CN201510363238A CN105301852B CN 105301852 B CN105301852 B CN 105301852B CN 201510363238 A CN201510363238 A CN 201510363238A CN 105301852 B CN105301852 B CN 105301852B
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liquid crystal
electrode
layer
substrate
refractive index
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CN105301852A (en
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金纪汉
安智煐
李纹宣
金溥凛
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LG Display Co Ltd
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LG Display Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13725—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on guest-host interaction

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of light control device and its manufacturing method and with the transparent display of the equipment, wherein, light can be transmitted or cover using polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC) layer and guest-host type liquid crystal (GHLC) layer, guest-host type liquid crystal layer contains dichroic dye.Light control device includes: first and second substrates opposing one another；First electrode on first substrate；Polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC) layer and guest-host type liquid crystal (GHLC) layer between second electrode and first electrode and second electrode in the second substrate, wherein PDLC layer includes the drop with the first liquid crystal, and GHLC layers include the second liquid crystal and dichroic dye.

Description

Light control device and its manufacturing method and transparent display with the equipment
Cross reference to related applications
This application claims South Korea patent application No.10-2014-0079462, in June, 2014 filed on June 27th, 2014 South Korea patent application No.10-2014-0079800 filed in 27 days, South Korea patent application filed on June 30th, 2014 South Korea patent application No.10-2015-0083127's is preferential filed on June 12nd, No.10-2014-0080859 and 2015 Power, herein for all purposes by reference contents of these applications, as completely illustrating herein.
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of light control device, more particularly, to a kind of achievable transparent mode and shading pattern Light control device and its manufacturing method, and the transparent display with the light control device.
Background technique
Recently, with the development of information age, for handling and showing that the display device of bulk information has been sent out rapidly Exhibition.Especially, a variety of different display devices have entered the visual field of people and have caused to pay high attention to.
The specific example of display device includes liquid crystal display (LCD) device, plasma display panel (PDP) device, field Transmitting display (FED) device, electroluminance display (ELD) device and ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENCE DISPLAYS (OLED) device.These are aobvious Showing device usually has slim body, light-weight and low in energy consumption excellent properties, therefore its application field constantly expands.It is specific and Speech, in most of electronic devices or mobile device, display device has been used as a kind of user interface.
Equally, the research of transparent display is also actively being carried out, user can see position by transparent display In the object or image of apparent surface.
Transparent display can have many advantages, such as more preferably space utilization and better interior design, and can have each Kind application field.Transparent display may be implemented what information identification, information processing and information were shown as transparent electronic device Function, to eliminate time and the space limitation of electronic device.Such transparent display can be used for smart window, that is, intelligence The window in energy house or intelligent automobile.
In transparent display, the transparent display based on LCD may be implemented using edge shape backlight.But it adopts It is had a problem that with the transparent display of LCD technology, transparency can deteriorate due to the polarization plates for realizing black.This Outside, there are also problems for visibility aspect outdoors for the transparent display based on LCD.
The power consumption of transparent display based on OLED is higher than the transparent display based on LCD, and in display ater It has difficulties on this point.In addition, although there is no problem for the contrast of the transparent display based on OLED in a dark environment, But there are problems that contrast deterioration in conventional environment.
Therefore, in order to realize transparent mode and shading pattern, it has been suggested that single polymer layer dispersed LCD will be based on (PDLC) light control device of the equipment as the transparent display based on OLED.By mixing monomer with liquid crystal, and lead to Cross it is UV cured monomer is become into polymer, so that the liquid crystal in polymer is in droplet form, single polymer layer point can be formed Dispersion liquid crystalline substance (PDLC).
If applying electric field to polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC), the arrangement for being distributed liquid crystal in the polymer can become Change.Therefore, polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC) layer can be scattered or be transmitted from external incident light.That is, even if not having Polarization plates, since the equipment based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC) layer can scatter or transmitted light, the equipment can also be used for The light control device of obvious showing device.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of light control device and its manufacturing method and with the saturating of the light control device Obvious showing device can substantially eliminate one or more problems because of caused by the limitation of the prior art and defect.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of light control device and its manufacturing method and there is the light control device Transparent display, wherein be used only single polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC) layer the case where compared with, using with PDLC Multiple liquid crystal layers of layer and guest-host type liquid crystal (GHLC) layer, the transmissivity under transparent mode increase, and under shading pattern Shading rate is also very high.
It is a further object to provide a kind of light control devices, can reduce the dichroic dye in GHLC layers Amount, thus the transmissivity under increasing transparent mode.
It is a further object to provide a kind of light control devices, wherein on multiple dams of GHLC layers of wall portions (dam) on, first orientation film is bonded each other with second orientation film.
It is a further object to provide a kind of light control devices, and specific face can be shown according to dichroic dye Color, so that not seeing the background at rear under shading pattern.
It is a further object to provide a kind of light control device based on multiple liquid crystal layers, the liquid crystal layer has PDLC layer and GHLC layers, simplify manufacturing process, to reduce costs.
It is a further object to provide a kind of transparent displays, wherein multiple dam positions of GHLC layers of wall portion In the light emitting region of transparent display panel.
It will be partly illustrated in the following description about attendant advantages and feature of the invention, and partly One of ordinary skill in the art will become obvious After specification is read, or can obtain from the practice of the present invention Know.These of the invention can be realized and obtained by the structure specifically noted in printed instructions and claims and attached drawing And further advantage.
In order to realize these and other advantage, and intention according to the present invention, such as embodies herein and generalization is retouched It states, light control device according to embodiment of the present invention includes: first substrate and the second substrate relative to each other；? First electrode on the first substrate；Second electrode in the second substrate；And in the first electrode and second electrode Between polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC) layer and guest-host type liquid crystal (GHLC) layer, wherein the PDLC layer include have the first liquid Brilliant drop, the GHLC layers includes the second liquid crystal and dichroic dye.
In one or more embodiments, the GHLC layers further includes the wall portion with multiple dams, and between the dam With multiple liquid crystal regions comprising the second liquid crystal and dichroic dye.
In one or more embodiments, the ratio of the second liquid crystal and dichroic dye between the multiple liquid crystal region The difference of example is in 1%.
In one or more embodiments, the light control device further include: the first orientation film in the wall portion is used In the second liquid crystal of arrangement and dichroic dye；And the second orientation film between the first orientation film and second electrode, In, the first orientation film and second orientation film are bonded each other on the dam.
In one or more embodiments, the light control device further include: the first orientation film in the wall portion is used In the second liquid crystal of arrangement and dichroic dye；And the second orientation film between the first orientation film and PDLC layer, wherein The first orientation film and second orientation film are bonded each other on the dam.
In one or more embodiments, the light control device further include: the first orientation film on the PDLC layer, For arranging the second liquid crystal and dichroic dye；And the second orientation film between the first orientation film and second electrode, Wherein, which is adhered to the first orientation film and second orientation film.
In one or more embodiments, when not applying voltage to the first electrode and second electrode, or apply To the first electrode first voltage and be applied to the second electrode second voltage difference less than the first reference voltage when, it is described PDLC layer and the GHLC layers of transparent mode realized for transmiting incident light.
In one or more embodiments, when not applying voltage to the first electrode and second electrode, or apply To the first electrode first voltage and be applied to the second electrode second voltage difference less than the first reference voltage when, with hang down Histogram is to the first liquid crystal of arrangement, the second liquid crystal and dichroic dye.
In one or more embodiments, in the first voltage for being applied to the first electrode and it is applied to the second electrode The difference of second voltage when being greater than the second reference voltage, the PDLC layer and the GHLC layers of photomask realized for covering incident light Formula.
In one or more embodiments, in the first voltage for being applied to the first electrode and it is applied to the second electrode The difference of second voltage when being greater than the second reference voltage, the first liquid crystal, the second liquid crystal and dichroic dye are arranged with horizontal direction.
In one or more embodiments, the light control device further include: positioned at the first substrate have this First refractive index matching layer on the apparent surface on one surface of one electrode, at the refractive index of the first refractive index matching layer Between the refractive index of the first substrate and the refractive index of air；And one with the second electrode positioned at the second substrate The second refractive index matching layers on the apparent surface on a surface, the refractive index of second refractive index matching layers are in second base Between the refractive index of plate and the refractive index of air.
In one or more embodiments, the light control device further include: be located at the first substrate and the first electricity First refractive index matching layer between pole, the refractive index of the first refractive index matching layer be in the first substrate refractive index and Between the refractive index of the first electrode；And the second refractive index matching layers between the second substrate and second electrode, The refractive index of second refractive index matching layers is between the refractive index of the second substrate and the refractive index of the second electrode.
In one or more embodiments, the light control device further include: be located at the first electrode and PDLC layer Between first refractive index matching layer, the refractive index of the first refractive index matching layer be in the first electrode refractive index and should Between the refractive index of PDLC layer；And the second refractive index matching layers between the second electrode and GHLC layers, described The refractive index of two refractive index matching layers is between the refractive index of the second electrode and the GHLC layers of refractive index.
On the other hand, a kind of transparent display includes: the transparence display face with transmission region and light emitting region Plate, the light emitting region have pixel for displaying images；And the light on a surface of the transparent display panel Control equipment, wherein the light control device includes: first substrate and the second substrate relative to each other；On the first substrate First electrode；Second electrode in the second substrate；And multiple liquid between the first electrode and second electrode Crystal layer, the liquid crystal layer includes polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC) layer and guest-host type liquid crystal (GHLC) layer, wherein not applying electricity When pressure, the multiple liquid crystal layer realizes the transparent mode for transmiting incident light；When applying voltage, the multiple liquid crystal layer is real The current shading pattern in masking incident light, and under the display pattern that the pixel shows image, the multiple liquid crystal layer Realize the shading pattern for covering incident light；Under the non-displayed mode that the pixel does not show image, the multiple liquid crystal Layer realizes the shading pattern for transmiting the transparent mode of incident light or for covering incident light.
In one or more embodiments, which further includes the drop with the first liquid crystal；And the GHLC layers It further include the second liquid crystal and dichroic dye.
In one or more embodiments, in no applied voltage, the first liquid crystal, the second liquid crystal are arranged with vertical direction And dichroic dye；When applying voltage, the first liquid crystal, the second liquid crystal and dichroic dye are arranged with horizontal direction.
In one or more embodiments, the GHLC layers further includes the wall portion with multiple dams；And the dam it Between have multiple liquid crystal regions comprising the second liquid crystal and dichroic dye.
In one or more embodiments, the dam of the wall portion is located in the light emitting region.
In one or more embodiments, the ratio of the second liquid crystal and dichroic dye between the multiple liquid crystal region The difference of example is in 1%.
In yet another aspect, a kind of transparent display includes: the transparent display panel with lower substrate and upper substrate；With And light control device, on the lower section of the lower substrate of the transparent display panel or the upper substrate of the transparent display panel, wherein The light control device includes: the first electrode on first substrate；Second electrode on the lower substrate or upper substrate；And Multiple liquid crystal layers between the first electrode and second electrode, the liquid crystal layer include polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC) layer and Guest-host type liquid crystal (GHLC) layer, wherein the multiple liquid crystal layer is realized for transmiting the transparent of incident light in no applied voltage Mode；When applying voltage, the multiple liquid crystal layer realizes the shading pattern for covering incident light, and aobvious in the pixel Under the display pattern of diagram picture, the multiple liquid crystal layer realizes the shading pattern for covering incident light；It is not shown in the pixel Under the non-displayed mode of diagram picture, the multiple liquid crystal layer is realized for transmiting the transparent mode of incident light or for covering incidence The shading pattern of light.
It is appreciated that being generally described before of the invention and following specific descriptions be all exemplary with it is explanatory , it is intended to further explanation is provided to the claimed invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The attached drawing for being used to provide further understanding of the present invention and being incorporated herein a part of middle composition the application shows Embodiments of the present invention are gone out, and have been used to explain the principle of the present invention together with specification.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the perspective view for showing light control device according to embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the sectional view for showing the detailed example of light control device of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the sectional view for showing the light control device under transparent mode；
Fig. 4 is the sectional view for showing the light control device under shading pattern；
Fig. 5 A and 5B are the sectional view for showing other specific examples of light control device；
Fig. 6 A to 6D is the sectional view for showing other specific examples of light control device of Fig. 1；
Fig. 7 is the flow chart for showing light control device manufacturing method according to one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 A to 8D is the sectional view for showing light control device manufacturing process according to one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is another sectional view for showing light control device manufacturing process according to one embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the flow chart for showing the light control device manufacturing method of another embodiment according to the present invention；
Figure 11 A to 11C is the sectional view for showing the light control device manufacturing process of another embodiment according to the present invention；
Figure 12 is the flow chart for showing the light control device manufacturing method of another embodiment according to the present invention；
Figure 13 A and 13B are the sectional view for showing the light control device manufacturing process of another embodiment according to the present invention；
Figure 14 is the perspective view for showing transparent display according to one embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 15 A is the exemplary sectional view of lower substrate for the transparent display panel for showing Figure 14；
Figure 15 B is the exemplary another sectional view of another lower substrate for the transparent display panel for showing Figure 14；
Figure 16 is the perspective view for showing the transparent display of another embodiment according to the present invention；
Figure 17 is the sectional view for showing the transparent display of another embodiment according to the present invention；And
Figure 18 is the sectional view for showing the transparent display of another embodiment according to the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Now with detailed reference to exemplary embodiments of the present invention, multiple examples therein illustrate in the accompanying drawings.Whole It will make to be referred to identical reference the same or similar component in a attached drawing.
The following embodiments described by referring to accompanying drawing are illustrated into advantages and features of the invention and its implementation. However, the present invention can be implemented in different forms, embodiment listed here should not be construed as limited by.And it is to provide this A little embodiments are and the scope of the present invention fully to be passed to fields technology to keep this specification full and complete Personnel.In addition, the present invention is only limited by the range of claims.
In order to describe embodiments of the present invention and disclosed shape, size, ratio, angle and quantity is only in the accompanying drawings It is example, thus the present invention is not limited to the details of diagram.Similar reference marker indicates similar element in the whole text.It is retouched in following In stating, when determination can unnecessarily make emphasis of the invention smudgy the detailed description of relevant known function or construction When, the detailed description will be omitted.
In the case where using " comprising ", " having " and "comprising" in the present specification, other component can be added, unless using " only ".
When explaining an element, although not being expressly recited, which is interpreted comprising error range.
When describing embodiments of the present invention, when structure (such as electrode, line, wiring or contact) is described as being formed in When the upper/lower of another structure or another structure up/down, this explanation should be interpreted the feelings contacted with each other comprising structure Condition and the case where be provided with third structure between them.
When describing time relationship, for example, when time sequencing is described as " ... after ", " subsequent ", " following " " ... before " when, it may include discontinuous situation, unless having used " just " or " direct ".
It will be understood that although term " first ", " second " etc. herein can be used to describe various elements, these elements It should not be limited by these terms.These terms are intended merely to the element that is distinguished from each other.For example, not departing from the scope of the present invention In the case of, first element is properly termed as second element, and similarly, second element is properly termed as first element.
" X-direction ", " Y direction " and " Z-direction " should not be only interpreted as stringent orthogonal geometrical relationship, and It is can have wider array of directionality in the range of its function can be performed in each element of the invention.
Term "at least one" should be read to include any of one or more associated listed items and all combination.Example Such as, " at least one first item, Section 2 and Section 3 " means two or more in first item, Section 2 and Section 3 All combinations and first item extracted in a, Section 2 or Section 3.
One of ordinary skill in the art can fully understand that the feature of each embodiment of the present invention can each other partially or entirely In conjunction with or combination, and can technically carry out various interoperability and driving each other.Embodiments of the present invention can be real independently of one another It applies, or with complementary relationship common implementing.
Below in reference to attached drawing detailed description of the present invention embodiment.
For multiple liquid crystal layers in the light control device of transparent display according to alignment films by liquid crystal with vertical direction It is arranged, transmits incident light as it is, to realize transparent mode, and apply voltage to arrange according to horizontal direction Liquid crystal and guest materials (guest material) scatter and absorb incident light, to realize shading pattern.
Here, the present inventor is developed by many experiments with new structural light control device, wherein can Transparent mode and shading pattern are realized using multiple liquid crystal layers.The new structural photocontrol will be described in embodiment hereafter Equipment.
[light control device]
Although by the way that transparent mode and shading pattern may be implemented by the liquid crystal layer that constitutes of single layer without dyestuff, by Light is scattered under shading pattern can be presented white shading pattern.But inventors have recognized that arrive, from contrast or can From the perspective of degree of opinion, the light control device of transparent display should realize black shading pattern and non-white shading pattern.
Therefore, the present inventor has been carried out many experiments to improve the shading status of multiple liquid crystal layers.The present invention Inventor tested the guest-host type liquid crystal (GHLC) containing dichroic dye, to realize black shading pattern, and really Black shading pattern can be realized by the light absorption of dyestuff by recognizing the guest-host type liquid crystal (GHLC) containing dichroic dye.But guest Principal mode liquid crystal (GHLC) due to without polymer and have difficulties when scattering incident light, the shading rate under shading pattern compared with It is low.Therefore, although in order to increase the amount that shading rate has increased dichroic dye, due to the light absorption of dichroic dye, Transmissivity declines if realizing transparent mode, therefore the present inventors have realized that has difficulties when realizing transparent mode.
Here, inventors have recognized that the above problem, and invented a kind of new structural photocontrol Equipment can increase transmissivity by minimizing the light absorption of dichroic dye under transparent mode, and under shading pattern The black shading pattern with higher shading rate may be implemented.
The light control device according to embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to Fig. 1 to 4,5A, 5B and 6A to 6D.
Fig. 1 is the perspective view for showing the light control device according to one embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 2 is the light for showing Fig. 1 Control the sectional view of the detailed example of equipment.Referring to Fig.1 with 2, wrapped according to the light control device 100 of one embodiment of the present invention Include first substrate 110, first electrode 120, multiple liquid crystal layers 130, second electrode 140 and the second substrate 150.
Each of first substrate 110 and the second substrate 150 can be transparent glass substrate or plastic film.For example, the Each of one substrate 110 and the second substrate 150 can be (but are not limited to) plate or film, contain celluosic resin (such as TAC (triacetyl cellulose) or DAC (diacetyl cellulose)), COP (cyclic olefin polymer) (such as norbornene derivative), Ya Ke Power resin (such as COC (cyclic olefine copolymer) and PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), polyolefin (such as PC (polycarbonate), PE (polyethylene) or PP (polypropylene)), polyester (such as PVA (polyvinyl alcohol), PES (polyether sulfone), PEEK (polyether-ether-ketone), PEI (polyetherimide), PEN (polyethylene naphthalate) and PET (polyethylene terephthalate)), (polyamides is sub- by PI Amine), PSF (polysulfones)) or fluoride resin.
First electrode 120 is located on first substrate 110, and second electrode 140 is located in the second substrate 150.First and second Each of electrode 120 and 140 is transparent electrode.For example, each of the first and second electrodes 120 and 140 can be (but Be not limited to) silver oxide (AgO or Ag2O or Ag2O3), aluminum oxide (such as Al2O3), tungsten oxide (such as WO2 or WO3 or W2O3), magnesium oxide (such as MgO), molybdenum oxide (such as MoO3), zinc oxide (such as ZnO), tin-oxide (such as SnO2), indium oxide (such as In2O3), chromated oxide (such as CrO3 or Cr2O3), sb oxide (such as Sb2O3 or Sb2O5), titanium oxide (such as TiO2), nickel oxide (such as NiO), Cu oxide (such as CuO or Cu2O), barium oxide (such as V2O3 or V2O5), cobalt/cobalt oxide (such as CoO), ferriferous oxide (such as Fe2O3 or Fe3O4), niobium oxide (such as Nb2O5), indium tin oxide (ITO), indium-zinc oxide (IZO), the zinc oxide (ZAO) of adulterated al, aluminium tin-oxide (TAO), Or antimony tin oxide (ATO).
As shown in Figure 1, multiple liquid crystal layers 130 between first substrate 110 and the second substrate 150 may include polymer dispersion Liquid crystal layer 131 (hereinafter referred to " PDLC layer ") and guest-host type liquid crystal layer 132 (hereinafter referred to " GHLC layers ").Although Fig. 1 is aobvious Having shown multiple liquid crystal layers 130 only includes PDLC layer 131 and GHLC layer 132, but multiple liquid crystal layers 130 are not limited to the example of Fig. 1.? That is other than PDLC layer 131 and GHLC layer 132, multiple liquid crystal layers 130 can also include at least one PDLC layer or GHLC layers.In addition, PDLC layer 131 can be replaced with polymer network liquid crystal (PNLC) layer.But in this case, polymer Network Liquid Crystal layer may include spacer portion or wall portion.
This PDLC layer is described below with reference to Fig. 2.
As shown in Fig. 2, GHLC layer 132 is located on PDLC layer 131.PDLC layer 131 includes polymer 131a and drop 131b. Each of multiple drop 131b may include multiple first liquid crystal 131c.That is, the first liquid crystal 131c can pass through polymer 131a is spread in multiple drop 131b.First liquid crystal 131c can be (but are not limited to) nematic liquid crystal, arrange because of the first He The vertical electric field (y-axis direction) of second electrode 120 and 140 and change.Other than drop 131b, PDLC layer 131 is in other portions Divide and is in solid-state because of polymer 131a.Therefore, PDLC layer 131 can also keep single even if in the case where no spacer portion or wall portion First gap.
In order to realize black shading pattern, GHLC layer 132 includes the second liquid crystal 132a and dichroic dye 132b.Second liquid Brilliant 132a can be material of main part, and dichroic dye 132b can be guest materials.At this point, passing through the light of dichroic dye 132b Absorb the black state that shading pattern may be implemented.Therefore, exterior light is scattered when passing through PDLC layer 131, outer after scattering The light absorption of portion's light and the dichroic dye 132b by GHLC layer 132, is achieved in shading status.In addition, because passing through The light scattered when PDLC layer 131 passes through GHLC layer 132 with longer light path, therefore shading rate can be improved.
Second liquid crystal 132a and dichroic dye 132b can be (but are not limited to) nematic liquid crystal, arrange because of vertical electric field (y-axis direction) and change.Dichroic dye 132b can be light absorbing dyestuff.For example, dichroic dye 132b can be suction The black dyes of every kind of light in visible wavelength range is received, or is absorbed in addition to specific color (such as red) wavelength Other light and reflect specific color (such as red) wavelength light dyestuff.In embodiments of the present invention, dichroic dye 132b preferably can be (but being not limited to) black dyes, for increasing the shading rate of masking light.For example, dichroic dye 132b can To be the dyestuff with any one of red, green, blue and yellow, it is also possible to the dye with the secondary colour of red, green, blue and yellow Material.If the dichroic dye 132b of GHLC layer 132 is with red dyestuff, the light from PDLC layer 131 is being passed through It takes on a red color after GHLC layer 132.Therefore, if no applied voltage, the light from PDLC layer 131 is when passing through GHLC layer 132, light Control equipment 100 can show the color for the dichroic dye 132b being arranged on GHLC layer 132.Therefore, under shading pattern Light control device 100 background at its rear can be shielded when showing other various colorss in addition to black primary colours.For this purpose, light-operated Control equipment 100 can provide multiple color during shading, to provide the user with aesthetic effect.For example, if by photocontrol Equipment 100 be applied to can in public in use and need transparent mode and shading pattern smart window or bulletin window when, light Control equipment 100 can cover light while showing various colors according to time or place.
In addition, PDLC layer 131 can contain dichroic dye.But in this case, two colors contained in PDLC layer 131 Property dyestuff amount be preferably in make under transparent mode across PDLC layer 131 light transmissivity will not decline in the range of.
Dichroic dye 132b can be (but are not limited to) the material containing aluminium zinc oxide (AZO).When liquid crystal layer 130 Cell gap be 5 μm to 15 μm when, content range of the dichroic dye 132b in liquid crystal layer 130 be 0.5wt% extremely 1.5wt%.But if the shading rate under shading pattern improves, content of the dichroic dye 132b in liquid crystal layer 130 can be with Lower than 0.5wt%.Therefore, if the shading rate under shading pattern improves, the content of dichroic dye 132b can be down to 0.1wt%.Optionally, if the cell gap of liquid crystal layer 130 becomes smaller, dichroic dye 132b is in liquid crystal layer 130 Content should be greater than 1.5wt% to improve shading rate.Therefore, if cell gap is less than 5 μm, dichroic dye 132b is in liquid crystal Content in layer 130 may be up to 3wt%.Meanwhile dichroic dye 132b has scheduled refractive index, but in liquid crystal layer 130 Content very little.Further, since dichroic dye 132b absorbs incident light, so dichroic dye 132b is hardly refracted into Penetrate light.
In addition, if light control device increases content of the dichroic dye 132b in liquid crystal layer 130 to increase photomask Shading rate under formula, then transmissivity can decline.Therefore, content of the dichroic dye 132b in liquid crystal layer 130 is preferably considering It is adjusted on the basis of the transmissivity under shading rate and transparent mode under shading pattern.
In addition, can easily make dichroic dye 132b change colour using ultraviolet light (hereinafter referred to " UV ").Specifically For, polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC) layer containing dichroic dye 132b or polymer network liquid crystal (PNLC) layer are substantial Need to carry out UV processing with hardening polymer.In this case, can generate that dichroic dye 132b may change colour by UV asks Topic.For example, blue dichroic dye 132b can become pink colour by UV.In this case, since dichroic dye 132b is absorbed Optical wavelength range changed, therefore will appear the problem of shading is carried out to the color different from original expected color.This Outside, dichroic dye 132b can be destroyed by UV, so as to reduce the absorptivity of dichroic dye 132b.Therefore, Ying Zengjia bis- The amount of color dyestuff 132b is to prevent the shading rate under shading pattern from reducing, and thus cost just rises.Therefore, it may include and contain There is the liquid crystal layer 130 of dichroic dye 132b not need to carry out UV processing.GHLC layer 132, which has, is different from PDLC layer 131 Liquid.Therefore, solid-state PDLC layer 131 is not easy to damage because of external pressure, and even if the no spacer portion or wall portion the case where Under can still keep cell gap between first substrate 110 and the second substrate 150, and GHLC layer 132 then need spacer portion or Wall portion because of external pressure to avoid damaging and holding unit gap.
Wall portion 132c can be formed as concaveconvex shape, and may include dam CA1.It is provided between the dam CA1 of wall portion 132c more A liquid crystal region LCA.The second liquid crystal 132a and two colors are provided on multiple liquid crystal region LCA between the dam CA1 of wall portion 132c Property dyestuff 132b.The the second liquid crystal 132a and dichroic dye 132b provided on any one liquid crystal region LCA can be with another liquid The the second liquid crystal 132a and dichroic dye 132b provided on the LCA of crystalline region domain is separated by dam CA1.Therefore, because dichroism contaminates It is mobile restricted to expect 132b's, therefore light control device can equably realize shading pattern.Also, according to embodiment of the present invention Wall portion 132c can keep the cell gap between first substrate 110 and the second substrate 150, and for multiple in light control device The region each of liquid crystal region LCA can keep the ratio of the second liquid crystal 132a and dichroic dye 132b almost phase each other Seemingly.For example, the difference of the ratio of the second liquid crystal 132a and dichroic dye 132b between multiple liquid crystal region LCA can be 1% In the range of.If the difference model of the ratio of the second liquid crystal 132a and dichroic dye 132b between multiple liquid crystal region LCA It encloses and is greater than 1%, then the shading rate under the transmissivity and shading pattern under the transparent mode between multiple liquid crystal region LCA can mutually not It is identical.
Wall portion 132c can be (but are not limited to) the photoresist, photocured polymer and poly dimethyl silicon of transparent material Any one of oxygen alkane.
First orientation film 133 is provided on wall portion 132c, second orientation film 134 is set in second electrode 140.It can pass through First and second alignment films 133 and 134 arrange the second liquid crystal 132a and dichroic dye 132b with assigned direction.For example, such as Fig. 2 It is shown, vertically (y-axis direction) it can arrange the second liquid crystal 132a and dichroic dye 132b.
In addition, in order to make light control device have flexibility, the first and second substrates 110 and 150 can be plastic foil.Herein Under situation, the first and second substrates 110 and 150 may be damaged because of high-temperature process.Therefore, it is possible to use 200 can be lower than The vertically oriented material formed in a low temperature of DEG C is executed forms the first and second orientations on the first and second substrates 110 and 150 The processing of film 133 and 134.
At this point, the second orientation film 134 containing jointing material can fit to the first orientation on the dam CA1 of wall portion 132c Film 133.If the area of the dam CA1 of wall portion 132c becomes larger, the contact between first orientation film 133 and second orientation film 134 Area becomes larger, therefore the bonding force between first orientation film 133 and second orientation film 134 will increase.Therefore, GHLC layer 132 is easy The problem of being damaged by external pressure is resolved, to can provide a kind of with light control device flexible.In addition, if first It is plastic foil with the second substrate 110 and 150, then is difficult to using separation bonding (separate adhesive) by first and second Substrate 110 and 150 is bonded each other.Thereby it is preferred that increasing the contact surface between first orientation film 133 and second orientation film 134 Product is to increase the bonding force between first orientation film 133 and second orientation film 134.But if the area of dam CA1 becomes larger, The area of liquid crystal region LCA can narrow.At this point, since the area for providing the second liquid crystal 132a and dichroic dye 132b narrows, So being likely to occur shading defects under shading pattern.Therefore, the area of the dam CA1 of wall portion 132c preferably consider shading rate and It is adjusted on the basis of bonding force.
In addition, GHLC layer 132 may include polymer network.At this point, GHLC layer 132 can increase incidence because of polymer network The scattering efficiency of light.
According to the light control device 100 of embodiment of the present invention 120 He of the first and second electrodes can be applied to by control The voltage of each of 140 realizes the shading pattern of masking light and the transparent mode of transmitted light.Below in reference to Fig. 3 and 4 explanations The transparent mode and shading pattern of light control device.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view for showing the light control device of transparent mode, and Fig. 4 is the light control device for showing shading pattern Sectional view.
As shown in Figures 3 and 4, light control device 100 can further comprise to each of the first and second electrodes 120 and 140 The power supply unit 160 of a supply predetermined voltage.Light control device 100 can be according to the voltage and application for being applied to first electrode 120 To the voltage of second electrode 140, the arrangement of the liquid crystal and dichroic dye in multiple liquid crystal layers 130 is controlled, to realize masking The shading pattern of incident light and the transparent mode of transmission incident light.
As shown in figure 3, if no applied voltage, it can be by the first and second alignment films 133 and 134 with vertical direction (y Axis direction) arrangement PDLC layer 131 the first liquid crystal 131c and GHLC layer 132 the second liquid crystal 132a and dichroic dye 132b.More specifically, if not applying voltage to the first and second electrodes 120 and 140, or it is applied to first electrode 120 First voltage and be applied to second electrode 140 second voltage between voltage difference less than the first reference voltage, can be passed through One and second orientation film 133 and 134 with vertical direction (y-axis direction) arrangement PDLC layer 131 the first liquid crystal 131c and GHLC The the second liquid crystal 132a and dichroic dye 132b of layer 132.
In this case, the first liquid crystal 131c is arranged with the incident direction of light, makes the polymer 131a and the of PDLC layer 131 Refractive index between one liquid crystal 131c minimizes, and thus makes the scattering for the light being incident on PDLC layer 131 minimized.In addition, by In also arranging the second liquid crystal 132a and dichroic dye 132b with the incidence side of light, therefore make the light being incident on GHLC layer 132 Absorption it is minimized.Therefore, the most of light being incident on light control device 100 can pass through multiple liquid crystal layers 130.
As described with respect to figure 3, one of embodiments of the present invention is the advantage is that realize that transparent mode does not need to consume Electricity, because can realize transparent mode when not applying voltage.
As shown in figure 4, (x-axis or z-axis direction) can arrange PDLC layer 131 in the horizontal direction if being applied with voltage The the second liquid crystal 132a and dichroic dye 132b of first liquid crystal 131c and GHLC layer 132.More specifically, if be applied to Voltage difference between the first voltage of first electrode 120 and the second voltage for being applied to second electrode 140 is greater than second with reference to electricity Pressure, then can in the horizontal direction (x-axis or z-axis direction) arrangement PDLC layer 131 the first liquid crystal 131c and GHLC layer 132 second Liquid crystal 132a and dichroic dye 132b.At this point, the second reference voltage can be greater than or equal to the first reference voltage.
At this point, the difference of the refractive index between the polymer 131a of PDLC layer 131 and the first liquid crystal 131c is maximum, thus enter The light being mapped on PDLC layer 131 is scattered by the first liquid crystal 131c.The light scattered by the first liquid crystal 131c is by the second of GHLC layer 132 Liquid crystal 132a scattering, or absorbed by dichroic dye 132b.Therefore, light control device can cover incidence under shading pattern Light.For example, light control device 100 can be black by showing under shading pattern if dichroic dye 132b is black dyes Color and cover incident light.That is, in embodiments of the present invention, specific color is shown according to dichroic dye 132b, So as to not show the background at light control device rear.
In embodiments of the present invention, it is assumed that the transmissivity that shading pattern represents light control device 100 is saturating less than a% The transmissivity that bright mode represents light control device 100 is greater than b%.The transmissivity of light control device 100 represents output light and incidence The ratio of light on to light control device 100.It can be (but not for example, a% can be (but are not limited to) 10% to 50%, b% It is limited to) 60% to 90%.In this case, it if not applying voltage to the first and second electrodes 120 and 140, or is applied to Voltage difference between the first voltage V1 of first electrode 120 and the second voltage V2 for being applied to second electrode 140 is less than the first ginseng Voltage is examined, then light control device 100 realizes shading pattern, and wherein transmissivity is less than a%.If being applied to first electrode 120 Voltage difference between first voltage V1 and the second voltage V2 for being applied to second electrode 140 is greater than the second reference voltage, then light-operated Control equipment 100 realizes transparent mode, and wherein transmissivity is greater than b%.If being applied to the first voltage V1 of first electrode 120 and applying The voltage difference being added between the second voltage V2 in second electrode 140 is greater than the first reference voltage but is lower than the second reference voltage, Then the transmissivity of light control device 100 had both been not less than a% or had been not more than b%, thus be both unsatisfactory for transparent mode of the invention or It is unsatisfactory for shading pattern of the invention.
Meanwhile although the second reference voltage can be greater than the first reference voltage, the second reference voltage substantially can also be with Equal to the first reference voltage.In this case, the reference transmissivity under shading pattern and the reference transmissivity under transparent mode can To be equal to c%.For example, if being applied to the first voltage V1 of first electrode 120 and being applied to the second electricity of second electrode 140 The voltage difference between V2 is pressed to be less than reference voltage, light control device 100 realizes shading pattern, and wherein transmissivity is less than c%.If Be applied to the first voltage V1 of first electrode 120 and be applied to second electrode 140 second voltage V2 between voltage difference be greater than Reference voltage, then light control device 100 realizes transparent mode, and wherein transmissivity is equal to or more than c%.For example, c% can be with It is 10% to 50%.
As referring to described in Fig. 3 and 4, in embodiments of the present invention, there is the PDLC layer 131 of the first liquid crystal 131c The transmitted light under transparent mode scatters light under shading pattern, while having the second liquid crystal 132a's and dichroic dye 132b The transmitted light under transparent mode of GHLC layer 132, scatters light under shading pattern, it is possible thereby to the transmitted light under transparent mode, and Light is covered under shading pattern.
Meanwhile if light control device includes the single liquid crystal layer containing dichroic dye, for example, if single liquid Crystal layer is GHLC layers, then because being difficult to realize scatter without polymer.Therefore, it may appear that the shading rate decline under shading pattern The problem of.At this point, in order to increase shading rate, in single liquid crystal layer (such as GHLC layers) should containing more dichroic dyes with Absorb light.But if containing more dichroic dyes in single liquid crystal layer, it will appear light control device 100 in transparent mould The problem of transmissivity under formula reduces because of the light absorption of dichroic dye.
In the situation according to the light control device 100 of embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 4, entering under shading pattern The light being mapped on PDLC layer 131 is scattered by the first liquid crystal 131c, to keep light path elongated.According to embodiment of the present invention In the situation of light control device 100, since the path for the light being incident on GHLC layer 132 is elongated, it is incident on GHLC layer 132 On light be likely to be scattered or absorbed by dichroic dye 132b by the second liquid crystal 132a.That is, if light control device 100 include multiple liquid crystal layers, such as PDLC layer 131 and GHLC layer 132, then dichroic dye 132b can enhance light absorption, thus Increase shading rate.
Simultaneously as the dichroic dye 132b of GHLC layer 132 absorbs light, therefore two colors of preferred reduction under transparent mode The amount of property dyestuff 132b is to increase transmissivity.Therefore, when light control device includes PDLC layer 131 and GHLC layer 132 rather than list When GHLC layers a, the amount of dichroic dye 132b can be reduced, and shading rate can increase.Therefore, dichroic dye 132 is in transparent mould Light absorption under formula is minimized, so that transmissivity can increase.In embodiments of the present invention, since light control device includes PDLC layer 131 and GHLC layer 132, therefore the screening compared with light control device includes single GHLC layers of situation, under shading pattern Light rate can be bigger, while the transmissivity under transparent mode also can be bigger.
Fig. 5 A is the sectional view for showing another detailed example of light control device of Fig. 1.As shown in Figure 5A, according to this hair The light control device 200 of bright embodiment include first substrate 210, first electrode 220, PDLC layer 231, GHLC layer 232, second Electrode 240 and the second substrate 250.
First substrate 210 in Fig. 5 A, first electrode 220, PDLC layer 231,250 base of second electrode 240 and the second substrate In sheet with referring to Fig.1 with 2 described in first substrate 110, first electrode 120, PDLC layer 131, second electrode 140 and the second base Plate 150 is identical.Therefore, it will omit to the first substrate 210 in Fig. 5 A, first electrode 220, PDLC layer 231, second electrode 240 With the detailed description of the second substrate 250.
GHLC layer 232 is provided in second electrode 240.GHLC layer 232 includes the second liquid crystal 232a and dichroic dye 232b.The second liquid crystal 232a and dichroic dye 232b in Fig. 5 A substantially with the second liquid crystal 132a referring to Fig.1 with 2 descriptions It is identical with dichroic dye 132b.Therefore by omit in Fig. 5 A the second liquid crystal 232a and dichroic dye 232b in detail retouch It states.
GHLC layer 232 has the liquid different from PDLC layer 231.Therefore, GHLC layer 232 needs spacer portion or wall portion to protect Hold cell gap.
Wall portion 232c is formed concaveconvex shape, it may include dam CA1.Multiple liquid are provided between the dam CA1 of wall portion 232c Crystalline region domain LCA.Second liquid crystal 232a and dichroism dye are provided on multiple liquid crystal region LCA between the dam CA1 of wall portion 232c Expect 232b.Therefore, the second liquid crystal 232a and dichroic dye 232b provided on any one liquid crystal region LCA can be with another The the second liquid crystal 232a and dichroic dye 232b provided on liquid crystal region LCA is separated by dam CA1.Therefore, of the invention In embodiment, for the region each of multiple liquid crystal region LCA, the ratio of the second liquid crystal 232a and dichroic dye 232b Example can remain almost similar to each other.That is, in embodiments of the present invention, the second liquid in light control device 200 The ratio of brilliant 232a and dichroic dye 232b can keep uniform.For example, the second liquid crystal 232a between multiple liquid crystal region LCA Range with the difference of the ratio of dichroic dye 232b can be 1%.If the second liquid crystal 232a between multiple liquid crystal region LCA It is greater than 1% with the range of the difference of the ratio of dichroic dye 232b, then the screening between multiple liquid crystal region LCA under shading pattern Light rate and transmissivity under transparent mode can be different.Wall portion 232c can be (but are not limited to) the photic anti-of transparent material Lose any one of agent, photocured polymer and dimethyl silicone polymer.
First orientation film 233 is provided on wall portion 232c, second orientation film 234 is provided on PDLC layer 231.Can be passed through One and second orientation film 233 and 234 with assigned direction arrange the second liquid crystal 232a and dichroic dye 232b.For example, such as Fig. 5 A It is shown, vertically (y-axis direction) it can arrange the second liquid crystal 232a and dichroic dye 232b.In addition, including jointing material Second orientation film 234 can fit to the first orientation film 233 on the dam CA1 of wall portion 232c.At this point, due to first orientation film Contact area between 233 and second orientation film 234 becomes larger, if the area of the dam CA1 of wall portion 232c becomes larger, first orientation film Bonding force between 233 and second orientation film 234 can increase.If the first and second substrates 210 and 250 are plastic foil, difficult The first and second substrates 210 and 250 to be bonded each other using adhesive.Thereby it is preferred that increasing first orientation film 233 and the Contact area between two alignment films 234 is to increase the bonding force between first orientation film 233 and second orientation film 234.But If the area of dam CA1 becomes larger, the area of liquid crystal region LCA can narrow.In this case, due to providing the second liquid crystal 232a Narrow with the area of dichroic dye 232b, so will appear shading defects under shading pattern.Therefore, the dam CA1 of wall portion 232c Area preferably considering that shading rate and bonding force on the basis of are suitably adjusted.
In addition, GHLC layer 232 may include polymer network.At this point, GHLC layer 232 can increase incidence because of polymer network The scattering efficiency of light.
As shown in Figure 5A, first and the can be applied to by control according to the light control device of embodiment of the present invention 200 The voltage of each of two electrodes 220 and 240 realizes the shading pattern of masking light and the transparent mode of transmitted light.Shown in Fig. 5 A The transparent mode and shading pattern of light control device 200 are substantially and referring to those are identical described in Fig. 3 and 4.
Fig. 5 B is the sectional view of another detailed example of the light control device of Fig. 1.
It as shown in Figure 5 B, include first substrate 310, first electrode according to the light control device of embodiment of the present invention 300 320, PDLC layer 331, GHLC layer 332, second electrode 340 and the second substrate 350.
First substrate 310 shown in Fig. 5 B, first electrode 320, PDLC layer 331, second electrode 340 and the second substrate 350 substantially with referring to Fig.1 with 2 described in first substrate 110, first electrode 120, PDLC layer 131, second electrode 140 with And the second substrate 150 is identical.Therefore it will omit to the first substrate 310 in Fig. 5 B, first electrode 320, PDLC layer 331, second The detailed description of electrode 340 and the second substrate 350.
GHLC layer 332 is provided on PDLC layer 331.GHLC layer 332 includes the second liquid crystal 332a and dichroic dye 332b. The the second liquid crystal 332a and dichroic dye 332b of Fig. 5 B substantially with referring to Fig.1 with 2 described in the second liquid crystal 132a and two Color dyestuff 132b is identical.Therefore, the detailed description to the second liquid crystal 332a and dichroic dye 332b will be omitted.
GHLC layer 332 has the liquid different from PDLC layer 331.Therefore, GHLC layer 332 needs spacer portion or wall portion to protect Hold cell gap.Wall portion 332c can be (but are not limited to) the photoresist, photocured polymer and poly- diformazan of transparent material Any one of radical siloxane.
The second liquid crystal 332a and dichroic dye are provided on multiple liquid crystal region LCA between the dam CA1 of wall portion 332c 332b.Therefore, the second liquid crystal 332a and dichroic dye 332b provided on any one liquid crystal region LCA can be with another liquid The the second liquid crystal 332a and dichroic dye 332b provided on the LCA of crystalline region domain is separated by dam CA1.Therefore, in reality of the invention It applies in mode, for the region each of multiple liquid crystal region LCA, the ratio of the second liquid crystal 332a and dichroic dye 332b It can remain almost similar to each other.That is, in embodiments of the present invention, the second liquid crystal in light control device 300 The ratio of 332a and dichroic dye 332b can keep uniform.For example, the second liquid crystal 332a between multiple liquid crystal region LCA and The range of the difference of the ratio of dichroic dye 332b can be 1%.If the second liquid crystal 332a between multiple liquid crystal region LCA and The range of the difference of the ratio of dichroic dye 332b is greater than 1%, then the shading between multiple liquid crystal region LCA under shading pattern Rate and transmissivity under transparent mode can be different.
First orientation film 333 is provided on PDLC layer 331, second orientation film 334 is provided on GHLC layer 332.It can pass through First and second alignment films 333 and 334 arrange the second liquid crystal 332a and dichroic dye 332b with assigned direction.For example, as schemed Shown in 5B, vertically (y-axis direction) the second liquid crystal 332a and dichroic dye 332b can be arranged.In addition, wall portion 332c quilt UV irradiation hardening, then adheres to the first and second alignment films 333 and 334.
As shown in Figure 5 B, first and the can be applied to by control according to the light control device of embodiment of the present invention 200 The voltage of each of two electrodes 320 and 340 realizes the shading pattern of masking light and the transparent mode of transmitted light.Shown in Fig. 5 B The transparent mode and shading pattern of light control device 300 are substantially and referring to those are identical described in Fig. 3 and 4.
Fig. 6 A is the sectional view for showing another detailed example of light control device of Fig. 1.
It as shown in Figure 6A, include first substrate 410 according to the light control device 400 of another embodiment of the present invention, the One electrode 420, multiple liquid crystal layers 430, second electrode 440, the second substrate 450, first refractive index matching layer 460 and the second folding Penetrate rate matching layer 470.
First substrate 410 shown in Fig. 6 A, first electrode 420, multiple liquid crystal layers 430, second electrode 440 and the second base Plate 450 substantially with referring to Fig.1 with 2 described in first substrate 110, first electrode 120, multiple liquid crystal layers 130, second electrode 140 and the second substrate 150 it is identical.Therefore it will omit to the first substrate 410 in Fig. 6 A, first electrode 420, multiple liquid crystal layers 430, the detailed description of second electrode 440 and the second substrate 450.
It can be provided on the apparent surface on a surface (first electrode 420 is provided on a surface) for first substrate 410 First refractive index matching layer 460.It, can be that is, first electrode 420 can be provided on a surface of first substrate 410 First refractive index matching layer 460 is provided on the opposite another surface in the surface of first substrate 410.
Since the refractive index between air and first substrate 410 is different, Fresnel reflection can be generated.For example, if Refractive index between air and first substrate 410 is different, since there are the refringence between air and first substrate 410, institutes It can be reflected with entering the light of first substrate 410 by air.Therefore, the refractive index of first refractive index matching layer 460 can be at Reduce the refringence between air and first substrate 410 between air and first substrate 410.For example, if the folding of air Penetrating rate is 1, and the refractive index of first substrate 410 is 1.6, then the refractive index of first refractive index matching layer 460 can for 1.1 and 1.5 it Between, to reduce the refringence between air and first substrate 410.
It can be provided on the apparent surface on a surface (second electrode 440 is provided on a surface) for the second substrate 450 Second refractive index matching layers 470.It, can be that is, second electrode 440 can be provided on a surface of the second substrate 450 The surface of the second substrate 450 provides the second refractive index matching layers 470 on opposite another surface.
Since the refractive index between air and the second substrate 450 is different, Fresnel reflection can be generated.For example, if Refractive index between air and the second substrate 450 is different, since there are the refringences between air the second substrate 450, so Light into the second substrate 450 can be partially reflected when entering air.Therefore, the refractive index of the second refractive index matching layers 470 It can be between air and the second substrate 450 reducing the refringence between air and the second substrate 450.For example, if empty The refractive index of gas is 1, and the refractive index of the second substrate 450 is 1.6, then the refractive index of the second refractive index matching layers 470 can be 1.1 Hes Between 1.5, to reduce the refringence between air and the second substrate 450.
Each of first and second refractive index matching layers 460 and 470 can be by transparent mucous membrane such as optical cement (OCA), energy Realize that thermmohardening or the organic composite glue etc. of UV hardening are made.
Fig. 6 B is the sectional view for showing another detailed example of light control device of Fig. 1.
It as shown in Figure 6B, include first substrate 510 according to the light control device 500 of another embodiment of the present invention, the One electrode 520, multiple liquid crystal layers 530, second electrode 540, the second substrate 550, first refractive index matching layer 560 and the second folding Penetrate rate matching layer 570.
First substrate 510 shown in Fig. 6 B, first electrode 520, multiple liquid crystal layers 530, second electrode 540 and the second base Plate 550 substantially with referring to Fig.1 with 2 described in first substrate 110, first electrode 120, multiple liquid crystal layers 130, second electrode 140 and the second substrate 150 it is identical.Therefore it will omit to the first substrate 510 in Fig. 6 B, first electrode 520, multiple liquid crystal layers 530, the detailed description of second electrode 540 and the second substrate 550.
It can provide first refractive index matching layer 560 between first substrate 510 and first electrode 520.Due to first substrate Refractive index between 510 and first electrode 520 is different, can generate Fresnel reflection.For example, if first substrate 510 and first Refractive index between electrode 520 is different, since there are the refringences between first substrate 510 and first electrode 520, so wearing The light for crossing first substrate 510 can be partially reflected when entering first electrode 520.Therefore, the folding of first refractive index matching layer 560 The rate of penetrating can be between first substrate 510 and first electrode 520 reducing the folding between first substrate 510 and first electrode 520 It is poor to penetrate rate.For example, the refractive index of first electrode 520 is 2, then first refractive index if the refractive index of first substrate 510 is 1.6 The refractive index of matching layer 560 can be between 1.7 and 1.9, to reduce the refractive index between first substrate 510 and first electrode 520 Difference.
It can provide the second refractive index matching layers 570 between the second substrate 550 and second electrode 540.Due to the second substrate Refractive index between 550 and second electrode 540 is different, can generate Fresnel reflection.For example, if the second substrate 550 and second Refractive index between electrode 540 is different, since there are the refringences between the second substrate 550 and second electrode 540, so wearing The light for crossing second electrode 540 can be partially reflected when entering the second substrate 550.Therefore, the folding of the second refractive index matching layers 570 The rate of penetrating can be between the second substrate 550 and second electrode 540 reducing the folding between the second substrate 550 and second electrode 540 It is poor to penetrate rate.For example, the refractive index of second electrode 540 is 2, then the second refractive index if the refractive index of the second substrate 550 is 1.6 The refractive index of matching layer 570 can be between 1.7 and 1.9, to reduce the refractive index between the second substrate 550 and second electrode 540 Difference.
Each of first and second refractive index matching layers 560 and 570 can be by transparent mucous membrane such as optical cement (OCA), energy Realize that thermmohardening or the organic composite glue etc. of UV hardening are made.
Fig. 6 C is the sectional view for showing another detailed example of light control device of Fig. 1.
It as shown in Figure 6 C, include first substrate 610 according to the light control device 600 of another embodiment of the present invention, the One electrode 620, multiple liquid crystal layers 630, second electrode 640, the second substrate 650, first refractive index matching layer 660 and the second folding Penetrate rate matching layer 670.
First substrate 610 shown in Fig. 6 C, first electrode 620, multiple liquid crystal layers 630, second electrode 640 and the second base Plate 650 substantially with referring to Fig.1 with 2 described in first substrate 110, first electrode 120, multiple liquid crystal layers 130, second electrode 140 and the second substrate 150 it is identical.Therefore it will omit to the first substrate 610 in Fig. 6 C, first electrode 620, multiple liquid crystal layers 630, the detailed description of second electrode 640 and the second substrate 650.
It can provide first refractive index matching layer 660 between first electrode 620 and PDLC layer 631.Due to first electrode 620 Refractive index between PDLC layer 631 is different, can generate Fresnel reflection.For example, if first electrode 620 and PDLC layer 631 Between refractive index it is different, since there are the refringences between first electrode 620 and PDLC layer 631, so passing through the first electricity The light of pole 620 can be partially reflected when entering PDLC layer 631.Therefore, the refractive index of first refractive index matching layer 660 can be at Reduce the refringence between first electrode 620 and PDLC layer 631 between first electrode 620 and PDLC layer 631.For example, the The refractive index of one electrode 620 can be between 1.6 and 1.8, and the refractive index of PDLC layer 631 can be between 1.3 and 1.6.In this respect Under, the refractive index of first refractive index matching layer 660 can for 1.3 and 1.8 between first electrode 620 and PDLC layer 631 it Between.
It can provide the second refractive index matching layers 670 between second electrode 640 and GHLC layer 632.Due to second electrode 640 Refractive index between GHLC layer 632 is different, can generate Fresnel reflection.For example, if second electrode 640 and GHLC layer 632 Between refractive index it is different, since there are the refringences between second electrode 640 and GHLC layer 632, so it is electric to pass through second The light of pole 640 can be partially reflected when entering GHLC layer 632.Therefore, the refractive index of the second refractive index matching layers 670 can be at Reduce the refringence between second electrode 640 and GHLC layer 632 between second electrode 640 and GHLC layer 632.For example, the The refractive index of two electrodes 640 can be between 1.6 and 1.8, and the refractive index of GHLC layer 632 can be between 1.3 and 1.6.In this respect Under, the refractive index of first refractive index matching layer 660 can for 1.3 and 1.8 between second electrode 640 and GHLC layer 632 it Between.
Each of first and second refractive index matching layers 660 and 670 can be by transparent mucous membrane such as optical cement (OCA), energy Realize that thermmohardening or the organic composite glue etc. of UV hardening are made.
Fig. 6 D is the sectional view for showing another detailed example of light control device of Fig. 1.
It as shown in Figure 6 D, include first substrate 710 according to the light control device 700 of another embodiment of the present invention, the One electrode 720, multiple liquid crystal layers 730, second electrode 740, the second substrate 750 and refractive index matching layers 760.
First substrate 710 shown in Fig. 6 D, first electrode 720, multiple liquid crystal layers 730, second electrode 740 and the second base Plate 750 substantially with referring to Fig.1 with 2 described in first substrate 110, first electrode 120, multiple liquid crystal layers 130, second electrode 140 and the second substrate 150 it is identical.Therefore it will omit to the first substrate 710 in Fig. 6 D, first electrode 720, multiple liquid crystal layers 730, the detailed description of second electrode 740 and the second substrate 750.
It can provide first refractive index matching layer 760 between multiple liquid crystal layers 730.That is, in 731 He of PDLC layer It can provide first refractive index matching layer 760 between GHLC layer 732.The refractive index of first refractive index matching layer 760 can be at PDLC Between 731 and GHLC of layer layer 732, there is Fresnel to avoid because the refractive index between PDLC layer 731 and GHLC layer 732 is different Reflection.
Refractive index matching layers 760 can by transparent mucous membrane such as optical cement (OCA), be able to achieve thermmohardening or UV hardening it is organic Compound adhesive etc. is made.
As referring to described in Fig. 6 A-6D, if there is no refractive index matching layers in light control device, enter for example, working as light When light control device, will because the refractive index between first electrode and PDLC layer is different and second electrode and GHLC layers between Refractive index is different and Fresnel reflection occurs.That is, when light control device realizes transparent mode, since there are refractive index Difference has significant component of light court when entering PDLC layer across the light of first electrode while entering light control device The outside of PDLC layer reflected.Then, when passing through PDLC layer and GHLC layers of light again passes through second electrode, due to second Refractive index between electrode and GHLC layers is different, therefore has significant component of light towards GHLC layer of inside by again instead It penetrates.Therefore, when light control device realizes transparent mode, significant component of light can be reflected without to be set up across light-operated It is standby, so that transparency be made to deteriorate.
On the other hand, as described in reference Fig. 6 A-6D, due to providing refractive index in light control device of the invention Matching layer, therefore when light passes through light control device, hardly there is Fresnel reflection.Therefore, first electrode and PDLC layer Between refringence and second electrode and GHLC layers between refringence can be refracted rate matching layer and balance out, to keep away The loss of external incident light is exempted from, therefore light can pass through light control device.Therefore, when light control device realizes transparent mode When, the transparency more improved can be provided a user.
In addition, as described above, since refractive index matching layers can be able to achieve heat by transparent mucous membrane such as optical cement (OCA) The organic composite glue etc. of hardening or UV hardening is made, therefore can prevent occurring short circuit in light control device.For example, if to light Control equipment physically applies pressure, and first electrode and second electrode are in contact with each other, thus can occur in light control device Short circuit.In addition, during the manufacturing process of light control device, PDLC layer and GHLC layers can be mixed with particle.Particle is used as conductor To make the presence of electrical connection between the first electrode and second electrode in PDLC layer and GHLC layers, to go out in light control device Existing short circuit.But since refractive index matching layers of the invention are refractive index matching layers made of material by mentioned earlier It can be used as insulator.Therefore, refractive index matching layers can prevent occurring short circuit in light control device, so that photocontrol can be improved The reliability of equipment.It is logical according to the light control device 400,500,600 and 700 of embodiment of the present invention as shown in Fig. 6 A to 6D The voltage of each that control is applied to first electrode and second electrode is crossed, the shading pattern and transmission of masking light may be implemented The transparent mode of light.The shading pattern and transparent mode of each light control device 400,500,600 and 700 shown in Fig. 6 A to 6D Substantially and referring to those are identical described in Fig. 3 and 4.
[manufacturing method of light control device]
Below with reference to Fig. 7,8A-8D, 9,10,11A-11C, 12 and 13A and 13B is real according to the present invention to be described in detail Apply the manufacturing method of the light control device of mode.
Fig. 7 is the flow chart for showing the light control device manufacturing method according to one embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 8 A to 8D For the sectional view for showing the light control device manufacturing process according to one embodiment of the present invention.Below in reference to Fig. 7 and 8A-8D The manufacturing method of the light control device according to one embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
Firstly, as shown in Figure 8 A, forming first electrode 120 on first substrate 110, the is formed in the second substrate 150 Two electrodes 140.First substrate 110 and the second substrate 150 can be glass substrate or plastic foil.First and second electrodes, 120 He 140 can be transparent electrode (the step S101 of Fig. 7).
Second, as shown in Figure 8 B, the first liquid crystal material for being used to form PDLC layer 131 is coated or is formed in first electrode On 120, to form PDLC layer 131.
At this point, the first liquid crystal material is coated or is formed in first electrode 120 and is hardened using UV, so as to form PDLC Layer 131.First liquid crystal material includes multiple monomers, the first liquid crystal 131c and photoinitiator.At this point, multiple monomers and the first liquid The mixed proportion of brilliant 131c can be in the range of 30wt%:70wt% to 50wt%:50wt%.If more in the first liquid crystal material The ratio of a monomer is less than or equal to 30wt%, then the shading rate of the first liquid crystal material can decline.In addition, if the first liquid crystal material In the ratios of multiple monomers be equal to 50wt% greatly, then the transmissivity of the first liquid crystal material can decline.Therefore, multiple monomers and first The mixed proportion of liquid crystal 131c is preferably adjusted on the basis of considering shading rate or transmissivity within the above range.
Multiple monomers may include the mutually different different materials of surface energy, thus when hardening to form PDLC layer by UV When 131, vertically (y-axis direction) the first liquid crystal 131c in PDLC layer 131 can be arranged.In mutually different multiple monomers In, during UV hardening, the relatively low monomer of surface energy becomes polymer 131a, subsequently becomes the surface element of drop 131b Point, therefore the surface energy of drop 131b reduces.Therefore, surface energy reduce drop 131b can make the first liquid crystal 131c with Vertical direction (y-axis direction) is arranged.During UV hardening, the wave-length coverage of UV can be 10nm to 400nm, preferably 320nm to 380nm.UV irradiation time may depend on multiple monomers and change.For example, UV irradiation time can be 10s (10 seconds) To 100s (100 seconds).In this case, UV intensity can be in the range of 10mW/cm2 to 50mW/cm2, preferably in 10mW/ In the range of cm2 to 20mW/cm2.
Optionally, the drop 131b in the first liquid crystal material with the first liquid crystal 131c should be comprised in solvent, from And when forming PDLC layer 131 under conditions of not carrying out UV hardening, vertically (y-axis direction) it can arrange PDLC layer 131 First liquid crystal 131c.At this point, by being coated in first electrode 120 and drying the first liquid crystal material for the first liquid crystal material, it can To form PDLC layer 131.When the first liquid crystal material is dry, solvent evaporation, and drop 131b is deformed into ellipse by spherical shape.Cause This, with the first liquid crystal 131c (the step S102 of Fig. 7) in the drop 131b of vertical direction (y-axis direction) arrangement PDLC layer 131.
Third forms wall portion 132c as shown in Figure 8 C on PDLC layer 131, and first orientation film is formed on wall portion 132c The second liquid crystal material is injected in 133, the liquid crystal region LCA between the dam CA1 of wall portion 132c.Stamped method or photoetching process can be used Form wall portion 132c.It, can be by making to be formed the material of wall portion 132c coated on PDLC if forming wall portion 132c with stamped method Wall portion 132c then is formed with the mode that mold is suppressed on layer 131, wherein mold is made of silicon, quartz or polymer material.? The pattern of wall portion 132c is formed in mold, this pattern is designed with thickness, height and width of dam CA1 of wall portion 132c etc..If Form wall portion 132c with photoetching process, then it can be by making to be formed the material of wall portion 132c coated on PDLC layer 131 and then through photoetching The mode of technique exposure forms wall portion (or blocking portion) 132c.It is hard that wall portion 132c can be (but are not limited to) photoresist, light Fluidized polymer and dimethyl silicone polymer it is any.
Second liquid crystal material may include the second liquid crystal 132a and dichroic dye 132b.It in this case, can be by by The liquid crystal region LCA between the dam CA1 of wall portion 132c is arranged in form GHLC layer 132 in the injection of two liquid crystal materials.Dichroism dye Expect that content range of the 132b in the second liquid crystal material can be 0.5wt% to 5wt%.In order to utilize dichroism under shading pattern Dyestuff 132b obtains shading rate, and content range of the dichroic dye 132b in the second liquid crystal material may be greater than being equal to 0.5wt%.Further, since even if dichroic dye 132b still absorbs light, therefore two colors to a certain extent under transparent mode The amount of property dyestuff 132b is preferably regulated as deteriorating transmissivity, thus the transmissivity under obtaining transparent mode.Therefore dichroism Content range of the dyestuff 132b in the second liquid crystal material may be less than being equal to 5wt% (the step S103 in Fig. 7).
4th, as in fig. 8d, second orientation film 134 is formed in second electrode 140.At this point, second orientation film 134 can Including jointing material to be adhered to the first orientation film 133 on the dam CA1 of wall portion 132c.Therefore, the dam CA1 of wall portion 132c On first orientation film 133 can be adhered to second orientation film 134.Therefore, first substrate 110 and the second substrate 150 can glue each other It closes.
Bonding if the area of the dam CA1 of wall portion 132c becomes larger between first orientation film 133 and second orientation film 134 Region becomes larger, therefore the bonding force between first orientation film 133 and second orientation film 134 increases.Therefore, GHLC layer 132 vulnerable to The problem of external pressure is damaged is addressed, and then can provide with light control device flexible.In addition, if first and Two substrates 110 and 150 are plastic foil, using separation bond difficult so that the first and second substrates 110 and 150 are bonded each other.Therefore, It is preferred that increasing the contact area between first orientation film 133 and second orientation film 134, to increase first orientation film 133 and second Bonding force between alignment films 134.But if the area of dam CA1 becomes larger, the area of liquid crystal region LCA can narrow.Herein Under situation, the area due to providing the second liquid crystal 132a and dichroic dye 132b narrows, and will appear shading under shading pattern and lacks It falls into.Therefore, the area of the dam CA1 of wall portion 132c is preferably suitably adjusted on the basis of considering shading rate and bonding force.For example, position The range of bonding force between the first orientation film 133 and second orientation film 134 on the dam CA1 of wall portion 132c can be 0.05N/ Cm2 to 0.3N/cm2.Herein, N/cm2 indicates to be applied to first orientation film when the light control device 100 that width is 1cm is bent Power (the step S104 of Fig. 7) on adhesion area between 133 and second orientation film 134.
Optionally, first electrode 120 and PDLCD layer 131 can be formed on first substrate 110, it can be in the second substrate Second electrode 140 is formed on 150, and wall portion 132c can be formed in second electrode 140.Also, is formed on wall portion 132c One alignment films 133, and will be in the liquid crystal region LCA between the dam CA1 of the second liquid crystal material injection wall portion 132c.In addition, Wall portion 132c is arranged on PDLCD layer 131, then makes its hardening, to make wall portion 132c that can be adhered to PDLC layer 131.In this feelings Under shape, wall portion 132c can be made to be crosslinked with PDLC layer 131 by thermmohardening, to support GHLC layer 132.
Meanwhile the step S102 to S104 of Fig. 7 can also be held according to roll-to-roll shown in Fig. 9 (roll toroll) mode Row.
Fig. 9 is the sectional view for showing another manufacturing process of the light control device according to one embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in figure 9, firstly, mobile using the first substrate 110 that roller R will be provided with first electrode 120, and the first liquid crystal First liquid crystal material LM1 is coated in first electrode 120 by Material injection device LD1.First UV irradiation unit UVD1 is to coating UV is irradiated in the first liquid crystal material LM1 in first electrode 120, to form PDLC layer 131.It is used to form PDLC layer 131 UV irradiation energy is identical as the situation referring to described in Fig. 8 B.
Second, it is using roller R that the first substrate 110 for being provided with PDLC layer 131 is mobile, wall portion is formed on PDLC layer 131 132c forms first orientation film 133 on wall portion 132c, and the second liquid crystal material injection device LD2 is by the second liquid crystal material LM2 It is injected on the PDLC layer 131 in the liquid crystal region LCA between the dam CA1 that wall portion 132c is set, to form GHLC layers 132。
Third, it is using roller R that the first substrate 110 for being provided with PDLC layer 131 and GHLC layer 132 is mobile.Therefore, the first base Plate 110 can be bonded with the second substrate 150 for being provided with second orientation film 134 in second electrode 140 as shown in Figure 9.
4th, the first and second substrates 110 and 150 being bonded each other can be cut, to can be made into light control device 100。
As described above, shown in 8A-8D and 9, can be completed according to the manufacturing method of one embodiment of the present invention such as Fig. 7 Light control device shown in Fig. 2.In addition, such as Fig. 7, shown in 8A-8D and 9, according to the manufacturing method of one embodiment of the present invention The light control device 400,500,600 and 700 according to other embodiments shown in Fig. 6 A to 6D can also be manufactured.
Figure 10 is the flow chart for showing the light control device manufacturing method according to another embodiment of the present invention.Figure 11 A It is the sectional view for showing other light control device manufacturing process according to another embodiment of the present invention to 11C.It hereafter will ginseng According to Figure 10 and Figure 11 A to 11C description according to the manufacturing method of the light control device of another embodiment of the present invention.
Step S201 and S202 in light control device manufacturing method shown in Fig. 10 substantially with referring to Fig. 7 and 8A and Step S101 and S102 described in 8B is identical.Therefore, it will omit to the step in light control device manufacturing method shown in Fig. 10 The detailed description of rapid S201 and S202.
As shown in Figure 11 A, wall portion 232c is formed in second electrode 240, and first orientation film is formed on wall portion 232c 233。
Wall portion 232c can be formed with stamped method or photoetching process.It, can be by making if forming wall portion 232c with stamped method Then the material for forming wall portion 232c, which is coated in second electrode 240, forms wall portion 232c with the mode that mold is suppressed, wherein mould Tool is made of silicon, quartz or polymer material.The pattern of wall portion 232c is formed, in a mold with the thickness of the dam CA1 of wall portion 232c Degree, height and width etc. design this pattern.If forming wall portion 232c with photoetching process, the material of wall portion 232c can be formed by making Material be coated on second electrode 240 on then by optical technology partial exposure will be arranged the region of liquid crystal region LCA in the way of Form wall portion 232c.Wall portion 232c can be (but are not limited to) photoresist, photocured polymer and dimethyl silicone polymer Any (the step S203 in Figure 10).
As shown in Figure 11 B, the second liquid crystal material is injected in the liquid crystal region LCA between the dam CA1 of wall portion 232c.Second Liquid crystal material may include the second liquid crystal 232a and dichroic dye 232b.It in this case, can be by the way that the second liquid crystal material be infused Enter to be arranged in the liquid crystal region LCA between the dam CA1 of wall portion 232c to form GHLC layer 232.Dichroic dye 232b is second Content range in liquid crystal material can be 0.5wt% to 5wt%.In order to utilize dichroic dye 232b to obtain under shading pattern Shading rate, content range of the dichroic dye 232b in the second liquid crystal material may be greater than being equal to 0.5wt%.Further, since Even if dichroic dye 232b still absorbs light to a certain extent under transparent mode, therefore the amount of dichroic dye 232b is preferred It is adjusted to deteriorate light transmission, thus the transmissivity under obtaining transparent mode.Therefore dichroic dye 232b is in the second liquid Content range in brilliant material may be less than being equal to 5wt% (the step S204 in Figure 10).
As shown in Figure 11 C, by lamination treatment, second orientation film 234 is adhered on the dam CA1 that wall portion 232c is arranged in First orientation film 233.Second orientation film 234 may include jointing material.Meanwhile if the area of the dam CA1 of wall portion 232c becomes larger, Then the adhesion area between first orientation film 233 and second orientation film 234 becomes larger, therefore first orientation film 233 and second orientation Bonding force between film 234 increases.Therefore, GHLC layer 232 is addressed vulnerable to the problem of damage, and then can provide tool Flexible light control device.In addition, if the first and second substrates 210 and 250 be plastic foil, using separation bond difficult so that First and second substrates 210 and 250 are bonded each other.It is therefore preferable that increasing between first orientation film 233 and second orientation film 234 Contact area, to increase the bonding force between first orientation film 233 and second orientation film 234.But the if face of dam CA1 Product becomes larger, then the area of liquid crystal region LCA can narrow.In this case, due to providing the second liquid crystal 232a and dichroic dye The area of 232b narrows, and will appear shading defects under shading pattern.Therefore, the area of the dam CA1 of wall portion 232c is preferably considering It is adjusted on the basis of shading rate and bonding force.For example, the first orientation film 233 and second on the dam CA1 of wall portion 232c takes It can be 0.05N/cm2 to 0.3N/cm2 to the range of the bonding force between film 234.Herein, N/cm2 indicates that when width be 1cm's Light control device 200 is applied to the power (figure on the adhesion area between first orientation film 233 and second orientation film 234 when being bent 10 step S205).
Optionally, first electrode 220 and PDLCD layer 231 can be formed on first substrate 210, it can be in the second substrate Second electrode 240 is formed on 250, and wall portion 232c can be formed in second electrode 240.Also, is formed on wall portion 232c One alignment films 233, and in the liquid crystal region LCA that the injection of the second liquid crystal material is arranged between the dam CA1 of wall portion 232c.This Outside, wall portion 232c is arranged on PDLCD layer 231, then makes its hardening, to make wall portion 232c that can be adhered to PDLC layer 231.? Under this situation, wall portion 232c can be made to be crosslinked with PDLC layer 231 by thermmohardening, to support GHLC layer 232.
In addition, step S202 to S205 shown in Figure 10 and 11A to 11C can also be according to referring to the institute of Fig. 8 A-8D and 10 The roll-to-roll mode of description executes.
It, can be with according to the manufacturing method of another embodiment of the present invention as described above, as shown in Figure 10 and 11A to 11C Complete light control device 200 shown in Fig. 5 A.
Figure 12 is the flow chart for showing the light control device manufacturing method according to another embodiment of the present invention.Figure 13 A and 13B is the sectional view for showing another light control device manufacturing process according to another embodiment of the present invention.Below in reference to figure 12 and 13A and 13B describes the manufacturing method of the light control device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Step S301 and S302 in light control device manufacturing method shown in Figure 12 is substantially and referring to Fig. 8 A-8D and figure Step S101 and S102 described in 9 is identical.Therefore, it will omit to the step in light control device manufacturing method shown in Figure 12 The detailed description of S301 and S302.
As shown in FIG. 13A, first orientation film 333 is formed on PDLC layer 331, coats the second liquid in first orientation film 333 Brilliant material LC2, and the second substrate 340 is arranged on the second liquid crystal material LC2.
Second liquid crystal material LC2 may include the second liquid crystal 332a, dichroic dye 332b and photocured polymer.Dichroism Content range of the dyestuff 332b in the second liquid crystal material can be 0.5wt% to 5wt%.In order to utilize two colors under shading pattern Property dyestuff 332b obtain shading rate, content range of the dichroic dye 332b in the second liquid crystal material may be greater than being equal to 0.5wt%.Meanwhile if UV is irradiated to dichroic dye 332b, dichroic dye 332b can absorb UV, so that partial monosomy is not Polymer can be hardened to.If increasing the amount of dichroic dye 332b, since the UV of dichroic dye 332b absorbs, GHLC layers Remaining amount of monomer will increase in 332.Therefore, it may appear that under transparent mode the problem of the decrease in transmission of GHLC layer 332.Cause This, content range of the dichroic dye 332b in the second liquid crystal material may be less than being equal to 5wt% (the step S303 of Figure 12).
As shown in Figure 13 B, mask M of the arrangement with open area O and barrier zones B, the second liquid in the second substrate 350 Photocured polymer in brilliant material LC2 by UV irradiation and harden to form wall portion 332c.More specifically, by covering Photocured polymer on the region of the open area O irradiation UV of mould M is hardened, while not irradiating the photo-hardening on the region of UV Polymer is moved to the higher position of polymer concentration.Therefore, the photocured polymer in the second liquid crystal material is concentrated on and is covered The open area O that UV is irradiated in mould M opposite region.Wall portion 332c is consequently formed.Specifically, wall portion 332c adheres to One and second orientation film 333 and 334, so that the first and second substrates 310 and 350 be made to be bonded (the step S304 of Figure 12) each other.
As described above, as shown in Figure 12 and 13A and 13B, in the manufacturing method according to another embodiment of the present invention, Liquid crystal material is not injected between first substrate and the second substrate, but is coated on substrate and is hardened using UV.Therefore, simplify Manufacturing process completes light control device 300 so as to lower cost.
[transparent display]
Below with reference to the detailed description of Figure 14 to 18 according to the transparent display of embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 14 is the perspective view for showing the transparent display according to embodiment of the present invention.Referring to Fig.1 4, transparence display Device includes light control device 1000, transparent display panel 1100 and adhesive layer 1200.
The described any light control device 100 according to embodiment of the present invention of reference Fig. 2,5A and 5B and 6A-6D, 200,300,400,500,600 and 700 can be achieved light control device 1000.Therefore, light control device 1000 can be in shading Incident light is covered under mode, and transmits incident light under transparent mode.In addition, light control device 1000 can be according to dichroic dye Show specific color, to allow not show the background at its rear, thus light control device 1000 can also be in addition to shade function User provides aesthetic effect.
Figure 15 A is the sectional view for showing the detailed example of the lower substrate of transparent display panel of Figure 14.Figure 15 B is to show figure The sectional view of another detailed example of the lower substrate of 14 transparent display panel.
As shown in figs. 15a and 15b, transparent display panel 1100 includes transmission region TA and hair in a subpixel area Light region EA, light emitting region EA indicate the region of display real image, and transmission region TA indicates that outer light transmissive is shown to transparent Show the region of panel.Therefore, when not driving transparent display panel, user can see the background of transparent display panel, also It is that the object on rear side of transparent display panel or the background at rear are seen by transmission region TA.Optionally, transparent show is being driven When showing panel, user can see the real image of light emitting region EA simultaneously and see background by transmission region TA.Sub-pixel area The area ratio of light emitting region EA and transmission region TA can changeably be adjusted based on transmissivity and visibility in domain.
Pixel P for displaying images is provided on the EA of light emitting region.As shown in figs. 15a and 15b, each pixel P With transistor unit T, anode A ND, organic layer EL and cathode CAT.
Transistor unit T includes the active layer ACT on lower substrate 1101, the first insulation on active layer ACT Film I1, the grid G E on the first insulating film I1, the second insulating film I2 on grid G E, and it is located at the second insulating film I2 is upper and passes through source electrode and drain electrode SE and DE that the first and second contact hole CNT1 and CNT2 are connected with active layer ACT.Although figure Transistor unit T is formed as top grid type in 15A and 15b, but the grid of transistor unit T is not by the limit of top grid type System, can also be formed as bottom gate type.
Anode A ND is connected by third contact hole CNT3 with the drain D E of transistor unit T, and third contact hole CNT3 is passed through Interlayer dielectric ILD on source electrode and drain electrode SE and DE.Wall portion is provided between anode A ND adjacent to each other, to make each other Adjacent anode A ND is electrically insulated to each other.
Organic layer EL is provided on anode A ND.Organic layer EL includes hole transmission layer, and organic luminous layer and electronics pass Defeated layer.
Cathode CAT is provided on organic layer EL and wall portion W.If applying voltage, hole to anode A ND and cathode CAT Organic luminous layer is moved to by hole transmission layer and electrode transport layer with electronics, and is combined with each other in organic luminous layer to send out Penetrate light.
In Figure 15 A, transparent display panel 1100 is formed as bottom emission type.If transparent display panel 1100 is formed as Bottom emission type, then light emits towards lower substrate 1101.Therefore, light control device 1000 may be arranged on upper substrate.
In bottom emission type, since organic layer EL shines towards lower substrate 1101, transistor T can be located at wall portion W Lower section to reduce because of transistor T caused by brightness deterioration.In addition, transparent metal material example can be used in bottom emission type As ITO and IZO form anode A ND, and available metal material such as aluminium with compared with high reflectivity or contain constructed of aluminium and ITO shape At cathode CAT.Also, in order to improve transmissivity, cathode CAT can be formed by only patterning in light emitting region.
In Figure 15 B, transparent display panel 1100 is formed as top emission type, if transparent display panel 1100 is formed as Top emission type, then light emits towards upper substrate.Therefore, light control device 1000 may be arranged on lower substrate 1101.
In top emission type, due to organic layer EL towards upper substrate shine, transistor T can be located at wall portion W and In wider range below anode A ND.Therefore, top emission type has the design section of transistor T more than bottom emission type Wide advantage.In addition, in top emission type, can with compared with high reflectivity metal material such as aluminium or containing constructed of aluminium with And ITO forms anode A ND, and available transparent metal material such as ITO and IZO form cathode CAT.
It can be implemented as bidirectional luminescence type according to the transparent display panel of embodiment of the present invention.In bidirectional luminescence type, Light emits towards upper substrate and lower substrate.
Light control device 100 and transparent display panel 1100 are bonded together by adhesive layer 1200.Adhesive layer 1200 can be with It is the transparent mucous membrane of optical cement (OCA) etc or the transparent adhesive of optical resin (OCR) etc.
If light control device 1000 to be labelled to the light emission direction of transparent display panel 1100, transparence display should not be blocked The light emitting region EA of panel 1100, and the transmission region TA of transparent display panel 1100 should be blocked.Therefore, light control device 1000 Lightproof area can be formed by patterning, to only block the transmission region TA of transparent display panel 1100.In this respect Under, lightproof area should be aligned with the transmission region TA of transparent display panel 1100.
As described above, if light control device 1000 to be labelled to the light emission direction of transparent display panel 1100, photocontrol The lightproof area of equipment 1000 should be patterned and should be aligned with the transmission region TA of transparent display panel 1100, thus photocontrol Equipment 1000 is preferably labelled to the opposite direction of the light emission direction of transparent display panel 1100.For example, the top shown in Figure 15 B In the situation of light emitting-type, a surface of adhesive layer 1200 can be bonded to 1101 lower section of lower substrate of transparent display panel 1100 Surface, and another surface of adhesive layer 1200 can be bonded to light control device 1000.The feelings of the bottom emission type shown in Figure 15 A In shape, a surface of adhesive layer 1200 can be bonded to the surface above the upper substrate of transparent display panel 1100, and adhesive layer 1200 another surface can be bonded to light control device 1000.If adhesive layer 1200 by OCA etc transparent mucous membrane or OCR it The transparent adhesive of class forms, then the refractive index of adhesive layer 1200 can be between 1.4 and 1.9.
In addition, the dichroic dye with splendid dichroic ratio (DR) can be used to realize ater for transparent display. DR represents the ratio between long axis absorptivity and short axle absorptivity of dichroic dye.Due to dichroic dye under transparent mode with Vertical direction (y-axis direction) is arranged and is then arranged under shading pattern with horizontal direction, therefore dichroic dye Short axle absorptivity can be absorptivity of the dichroic dye under transparent mode, and the long axis absorptivity of dichroic dye It can be absorptivity of the dichroic dye under shading pattern.It is big using DR in order to realize the transparent display of ater Dichroic dye in 7 can be more effective.
In addition, the lower substrate 1101 or upper substrate of transparent display panel 1100 can be the second base of light control device 1000 Plate.In this case, light control device 1000 can be provided on the lower substrate 1101 or upper substrate of transparent display panel 1100 Second electrode 140.
Transparent display panel 1100 can realize display pattern, wherein pixel P shows image, can also realize non-displayed mode, Wherein pixel does not show image.If transparent display panel 1100 is accomplished that pixel shows the display pattern of image, light-operated Control equipment 1000 can realize shading pattern, cover to the light of the rear surface incidence by transparent display panel 1100, to increase Strong picture quality.
In the non-displayed mode that pixel P does not show image, light control device 1000 can realize shading pattern or transparent mould Formula.In the non-displayed mode that pixel P does not show image, if light control device 1000 realizes shading pattern, user sees Transparent display be in black.In the non-displayed mode that pixel P does not show image, if light control device 1000 is realized Bright mode, then transparent display is embodied as transparent, and thus user can see that transparence display is filled by transparent display The rear background set.
In addition, no matter light control device 1000 is in shading pattern or transparent mode, the hair of transparent display panel 1100 Light region EA covers light, therefore the dam CA1 of the wall portion 132c of GHLC layer 132 is preferably placed in the EA of light emitting region.If wall portion The area of the dam CA1 of 132c becomes larger, and the contact area between first orientation film 233 and second orientation film 234 becomes larger, therefore at this In the embodiment of invention, the dam CA1 of the wall portion 132c of GHLC layer 132 has area as big as possible in the EA of light emitting region, So as to increase the bonding force between first orientation film 233 and second orientation film 234.
Figure 16 is the perspective view for showing the transparent display according to another embodiment of the present invention.Referring to Fig.1 6, it is transparent Display device includes the first light control device 1000a, and the second light control device 1000b, transparent display panel 1100, first bonds Layer 1200, the second adhesive layer 1300.
Referring to Fig.1, the described any light control device 100 according to embodiment of the present invention of 2,5A, 5B and 6A-6D, 200,300,400,500,600 and 700 can be achieved each of the first and second light control device 1000a and 1000b.Cause This, the first and second light control device 1000a and 1000b can cover incident light under shading pattern, and under transparent mode Transmit incident light.Each of first and second light control device 1000a and 1000b is in addition to providing shading based on dichroic dye Aesthetic effect can be also provided a user outside function.
Transparent display panel 1100 substantially with those are identical described in referring to Fig.1 4 and 15A, 15B.Therefore, it will omit To the detailed description of transparent display panel 1100 shown in Figure 16.
First light control device 1000a and transparent display panel 1100 are bonded together by the first adhesive layer 1200.First Adhesive layer 1200 can be transparent mucous membrane, such as optical cement (OCA).One surface of the first adhesive layer 1200 can be bonded to transparent The surface of 1101 lower section of lower substrate of display panel 1100, or be bonded on upper substrate, and the first adhesive layer 1200 is another A surface can be bonded to the first light control device 1000a.If the first adhesive layer 1200 is formed by transparent mucous membrane such as OCA, The refractive index of first adhesive layer 1200 can be between 1.4 and 1.9.
Second light control device 1000b and transparent display panel 1100 are bonded together by the second adhesive layer 1300.Second Adhesive layer 1300 can be transparent mucous membrane, such as optical cement (OCA).One surface of the second adhesive layer 1300 can be bonded to transparent The surface of 1101 lower section of lower substrate of display panel 1100, or be bonded on upper substrate, and the second adhesive layer 1300 is another A surface can be bonded to the second light control device 1000b.If the second adhesive layer 1300 is formed by transparent mucous membrane such as OCA, The refractive index of second adhesive layer 1300 can be between 1.4 and 1.9.
Transparent display panel 1100 can realize display pattern, and wherein pixel P shows image, can also be achieved non-displayed mode, Wherein pixel P does not show image.Assuming that user sees image by the second light control device 1000b.In this case, if thoroughly Bright display panel 1100 realizes that pixel P shows the display pattern of image, then the first light control device 1000a can realize photomask Formula covers the light of the rear surface incidence by transparent display panel 1100, to enhance picture quality, and the second photocontrol Equipment 1000b is preferably realised as transparent mode.
In the non-displayed mode that pixel P does not show image, the first and second light control device 1000a and 1000b can be real Existing shading pattern or transparent mode.In the non-displayed mode that pixel P does not show image, if the first and second light control devices 1000a and 1000b realizes shading pattern, then the transparent display that user sees is in black.The non-of image is not shown in pixel P In display pattern, if the first and second light control device 1000a and 1000b realize that transparent mode, transparent display are real Now to be transparent, thus user can see the rear background of transparent display by transparent display.
Meanwhile transparent display panel 1100 can be the two-way transparent display panel of bi-directional display image.Two-way transparent Under the display pattern of display panel bi-directional display image, if the first and second light control device 1000a and 1000b realization is transparent Mode, user can viewed in two directions images.In addition, under the display pattern of two-way transparent display panel bi-directional display image, if Either one or two of first and second light control device 1000a and 1000b realize shading pattern, then corresponding light control device can prevent User watches image from any one direction of both direction.
Figure 17 is the sectional view for showing the transparent display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.Referring to Fig.1 7, it is transparent Display device includes light control device 1000 and transparent display panel 1100.
Although the part of transparent display panel 1100 is substantially and shown in bottom emission type shown in Figure 15 A or Figure 15 B Top emission type is identical, but for purposes of illustration only, Figure 17 shows lower substrate 1101 and upper substrate 1102.If transparent display panel 1100 are formed as top emission type shown in Figure 15 B, then transparent display panel 1100 shines towards upper substrate 1102, therefore light-operated Control equipment 1000 may be arranged at the lower section of lower substrate 1101 shown in Figure 17.In addition, if transparent display panel 1100 is formed as Bottom emission type shown in Figure 15 A, then transparent display panel 1100 shines towards lower substrate 1101, therefore light control device 1000 It may be arranged on upper substrate 1102.
If transparent display panel 1100 is formed as top emission type shown in Figure 15 B, in addition in transparent display panel Formed other than second electrode 140 on 1100 lower substrate 1101 rather than in the second substrate, substantially can according to it is shown in Fig. 2 The identical mode of light control device realizes light control device 1000 shown in Figure 17.In addition, if 1100 shape of transparent display panel As bottom emission type shown in Figure 15 A, in addition on the upper substrate 1102 of transparent display panel 1100 rather than in the second substrate It is formed other than second electrode 140, can substantially be realized shown in Figure 17 according to mode identical with light control device shown in Fig. 2 Light control device 1000.
In addition, refractive index matching layers can be provided between second electrode 140 and lower substrate 1101 to reduce second electrode Refringence between 140 and lower substrate 1101.It may, furthermore, provide passivating film, with surround PDLC layer 131 side or The side and lower surface of PDLCD layer 131.The lower surface of PDLCD layer 131 indicates contacting with first electrode 120 for PDLC layer 131 One surface.In addition, passivating film can be used for being passivated first electrode 120 and PDLC layer 131.Passivating film can be by with specific intensity And the transparent inorganic material of transmissive exterior light is made simultaneously.Passivating film can be carried out heat by polymer, OCA (optical cement) The polymerization organic composite material of hardening or UV hardening, SiOx, SiNx and any of polyimides are made, but not limited to this, In, SiOx, SiNx and polyimides are transparent inorganic materials.In addition, if depending on the use environment of transparent display needs Want higher-strength, then passivating film is also possible to transparent plastic or transparent substrate, such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate) or PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate).In addition, the refractive index of passivating film can be 1.3 to 1.9, for realizing index matching.
Adhesive layer can also be provided between light control device 1000 and transparent display panel 1100 to be attached.Bonding Layer is disposed between the second electrode 140 of light control device 1000 and the lower substrate 1101 of transparent display panel 1100.For example, Adhesive layer can be the mucous membrane of one of optical clear binding, such as OCA (optical cement) etc.In this case, viscous Close layer be labelled to the second electrode 140 of light control device 1000 or the lower substrate 1101 of transparent display panel 1100 rear surface it Afterwards, light control device 1000 and transparent display panel 1100 can laminated technique be connected to each other.The refraction of OCA as adhesive layer Rate can be between 1.4 and 1.9.
As described above, in embodiments of the present invention, the lower substrate 1101 or upper substrate of transparent display panel 1100 1102 used also as light control device 1000 substrate.That is, transparent display panel 1100 and light control device 1000 are total Use substrate.Therefore, in embodiments of the present invention, due to reducing substrate, the thickness of transparent display panel is reduced, To enhance transparency.
Figure 18 is the sectional view for showing the transparent display according to another embodiment of the present invention.Referring to Fig.1 8, it is transparent Display device includes light control device 1000 ' and transparent display panel 1100.
Although the part of transparent display panel 1100 is substantially and shown in bottom emission type shown in Figure 15 A or Figure 15 B Top emission type is identical, but for purposes of illustration only, Figure 18 shows lower substrate 1101 and upper substrate 1102.If transparent display panel 1100 are formed as top emission type shown in Figure 15 B, then transparent display panel 1100 shines towards upper substrate 1102, therefore light-operated Control equipment 1000 ' may be arranged at the lower section of lower substrate 1101 shown in Figure 18.In addition, if transparent display panel 1100 is formed as Bottom emission type shown in Figure 15 A, then transparent display panel 1100 shines towards lower substrate 1101, therefore light control device 1000 ' may be arranged on upper substrate 1102.
As shown in figure 18, light control device 1000 ' may include first substrate 110, first electrode 120, PDLC layer 131 and Two electrodes 140.That is, Figure 18 illustratively shows that light control device 1000 ' includes single liquid crystal layer.Although Figure 18 shows Show that single liquid crystal layer is PDLC layer 131 to example property, but polymer network liquid crystal layer or cholesteric liquid crystal also are used as individually Liquid crystal layer, without the exemplary limitation by Figure 18.
In addition on the lower substrate 1101 of transparent display panel 1100 rather than in the second substrate formed second electrode 140 with Outside, the first substrate 110 of light control device 1000 ' shown in Figure 18, first electrode 120, PDLC layer 131 and second electrode 140 Substantially and referring to those are identical described in Fig. 2.In addition, if transparent display panel 1100 is formed as bottom shown in Figure 15 A Portion's light emitting-type can form on the upper substrate 1102 of transparent display panel 1100 rather than in the second substrate light control device 1000 ' second electrode 140.
In addition, in embodiments of the present invention, passivating film 135 can also be provided, with surround PDLC layer 131 side or The side and lower surface of PDLC layer 131.The lower surface of PDLC layer 131 indicates one contacted with first electrode 120 of PDLC layer 131 A surface.In addition, passivating film 135 can be used for being passivated first electrode 120 and PDLC layer 131.Passivating film 135 can be specific by having The intensity and transparent inorganic material of transmissive exterior light is made simultaneously.Passivating film 135 can be by polymer, OCA (optical cement), energy The polymerization organic composite material of thermmohardening or UV hardening is carried out, SiOx, SiNx and any of polyimides are made, but are not limited to This, wherein SiOx, SiNx and polyimides are transparent inorganic materials.In addition, if using ring depending on transparent display Border needs higher-strength, then passivating film 135 is also possible to transparent plastic or transparent substrate, such as PET (poly terephthalic acid second two Alcohol ester) or PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate).
In addition, the refractive index of passivating film 135 can be 1.3 to 1.8, to avoid because between first electrode 120 and PDLC layer 131 Refringence and generate Fresnel reflection.For example, due to first electrode 120 refractive index can between 1.6 and 1.8, and The refractive index of PDLC layer 131 can be between 1.3 and 1.6, if the refractive index of passivating film 135 is in first electrode 120 and PDLC Layer 131 refractive index between 1.3 and 1.8 between, then can be to avoid because of the refraction between first electrode 120 and PDLC layer 131 Rate is poor and generates Fresnel reflection.
In addition, if light control device 1000 ' includes passivating film 135, can prevent from being likely to occur in light control device Short circuit.For example, if physically applying pressure to light control device 1000 ', first electrode 120 and second electrode 140 that This contact, thus can occur short circuit in light control device 1000 '.In addition, in the manufacturing process phase of light control device 1000 ' Between, particle can be mixed on PDLC layer 131.Particle is used as conductor to make the first electrode 120 and the second electricity in PDLC layer 131 There is electrical connection between pole 140, to occur short circuit in light control device 1000 '.But due to passivating film of the invention 135 are made of material by mentioned earlier, therefore passivating film 135 can be used as insulator.Therefore, passivating film 135 can prevent Occurs short circuit in light control device 1000 ', to improve the reliability of light control device.
In addition it is also possible to refractive index matching layers be provided between second electrode 140 and lower substrate 1101, to reduce the second electricity Refringence between pole 140 and lower substrate 1101.Refractive index can also be provided between second electrode 140 and PDLC layer 131 Matching layer, to reduce the refringence between second electrode 140 and PDLC layer 131.
In addition, adhesive layer can also be provided between light control device 1000 ' and transparent display panel 1100 for carrying out Connection.Adhesive layer is disposed in the second electrode 140 of light control device 1000 ' and the lower substrate 1101 of transparent display panel 1100 Between.For example, adhesive layer can be the mucous membrane of one of optical clear binding, such as OCA (optical cement) etc.It is bonding Layer is labelled to after the second electrode 140 of light control device 1000 ' or the rear surface of the lower substrate 1101 of transparent display panel 1100, Light control device 1000 ' and transparent display panel 1100, which laminated can be handled, to be connected to each other.As described above, in implementation of the invention In mode, the substrate of the lower substrate 1101 or upper substrate 1102 of transparent display panel 1100 used also as light control device 1000 '. That is, 1000 ' common substrate of transparent display panel 1100 and light control device.Therefore, in embodiments of the present invention, Due to reducing substrate, the thickness of transparent display panel is reduced, to enhance transparency.
As described above, it is proposed, according to the invention, can advantage is obtained that.
For example, since multiple liquid crystal layers of use include PDLC layer and GHLC layers, with the feelings using single liquid crystal layer Shape is compared, and can be increased the transmissivity under transparent mode and be increased the shading rate under shading pattern.In addition, in the present invention, by Include PDLC layer and GHLC layers in multiple liquid crystal layers of use, therefore reduce the amount of dichroic dye, to increase transparent Transmissivity under mode.
Further, since the multiple liquid crystal layers used include PDLC layer and GHLC layers, therefore the optical path scattered under shading pattern Diameter is elongated.Therefore, the light absorption of dichroic dye is enhanced, thus the shading rate under increasing shading pattern.
Further, since can show specific color according to GHLC layers of dichroic dye, therefore seen not under shading pattern The rear background of light control device is seen, so that aesthetic effect can also be provided a user other than shade function.
Further, since transparent mode can be presented in the case where not applying voltage, thus exist for transparent mode and Not the advantages of speech does not need independent power consumption.
Further, since first orientation film and second orientation film are bonded each other, therefore GHLC on the dam of GHLC layers of wall portion Layer is also addressed vulnerable to the problem of external pressure damage.
Further, since injecting liquid crystal material not between first substrate and the second substrate, but utilize UV by liquid crystal material It coats or is formed on substrate, therefore simplify manufacturing process, to reduce manufacturing cost.
In addition, if light control device is in the saturating of display pattern (wherein the pixel of transparent display panel shows image) The shading pattern that masking light is realized in the rear surface of bright display panel, then can be improved the image matter that transparent display panel is shown Amount.
Further, since the dam of GHLC layers of wall portion is located at the light emitting region of transparent display panel, therefore their area can To increase to maximum magnitude as much as possible, to enhance the bonding force between first orientation film and second orientation film.
In addition, the lower substrate or upper substrate of transparent display panel are used as the substrate of light control device.That is, transparent Display panel and light control device common substrate.Therefore, in embodiments of the present invention, due to reducing substrate, subtract The small thickness of transparent display panel, to enhance transmissivity.
For one of ordinary skill in the art it is readily apparent that in the premise for not departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention Under, many variations and modifications can be made to the present invention.Therefore, the invention is intended to cover fall in claims range and its In equivalency range to all modifications of the invention and deformation.

Claims (16)

1. a kind of light control device, comprising:
First substrate and the second substrate relative to each other；
First electrode on the first substrate；
Second electrode in the second substrate；
Polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC) layer and guest-host type liquid crystal between the first electrode and the second electrode (GHLC) layer, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer include the drop with the first liquid crystal, and the guest-host type liquid crystal layer includes second Liquid crystal, dichroic dye and the wall portion with multiple dams, and have between the multiple dam and include second liquid crystal and institute State multiple liquid crystal regions of dichroic dye；
First orientation film in the wall portion；And
Second orientation film including jointing material,
Wherein, the first orientation film and the second orientation film are bonded each other on the top surface on the multiple dam, so that institute It states the second liquid crystal and the dichroic dye is arranged with assigned direction, and
Wherein, the area of the top surface on the multiple dam takes in consideration shading rate and the first orientation film with described second It is adjusted on the basis of to the bonding force between film.
2. light control device according to claim 1, wherein the second liquid crystal and two colors between the multiple liquid crystal region The difference of the ratio of property dyestuff is in 1%.
3. light control device according to claim 1, wherein the second orientation film is located at the first orientation film and institute It states between second electrode.
4. light control device according to claim 1, wherein the second orientation film is located at the first orientation film and institute It states between polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer.
5. light control device according to claim 1, wherein do not applying to the first electrode and the second electrode When voltage, or it is applied to the first voltage of the first electrode and is applied to the difference of the second voltage of the second electrode less than the first ginseng When examining voltage, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer and the guest-host type liquid crystal layer realize the transparent mode for transmiting incident light.
6. light control device according to claim 1, wherein do not applying to the first electrode and the second electrode When voltage, or it is applied to the first voltage of the first electrode and is applied to the difference of the second voltage of the second electrode less than the first ginseng When examining voltage, first liquid crystal, second liquid crystal and the dichroic dye are arranged with vertical direction.
7. light control device according to claim 1, wherein the first voltage for being applied to the first electrode be applied to When the difference of the second voltage of the second electrode is greater than the second reference voltage, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer and the guest-host type liquid Crystal layer realizes the shading pattern for covering incident light.
8. light control device according to claim 1, wherein the first voltage for being applied to the first electrode be applied to When the difference of the second voltage of the second electrode is greater than the second reference voltage, first liquid crystal, described the are arranged with horizontal direction Two liquid crystal and the dichroic dye.
9. light control device according to claim 1, further includes:
First refractive index matching layer on the apparent surface on the first electrode a surface for the first substrate, institute The refractive index for stating first refractive index matching layer is between the refractive index of the first substrate and the refractive index of air；And
The second refractive index matching layers on the apparent surface on the second electrode a surface for the second substrate, institute The refractive index for stating the second refractive index matching layers is between the refractive index of the second substrate and the refractive index of air.
10. light control device according to claim 1, further includes:
First refractive index matching layer between the first substrate and the first electrode, the first refractive index matching layer Refractive index be between the refractive index of the first substrate and the refractive index of the first electrode；And
The second refractive index matching layers between the second substrate and the second electrode, second refractive index matching layers Refractive index be between the refractive index of the second substrate and the refractive index of the second electrode.
11. light control device according to claim 1, further includes:
First refractive index matching layer between the first electrode and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer, the first refractive The refractive index of rate matching layer is between the refractive index of the first electrode and the refractive index of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer；And
The second refractive index matching layers between the second electrode and the guest-host type liquid crystal layer, second refractive index Refractive index with layer is between the refractive index of the second electrode and the refractive index of the guest-host type liquid crystal layer.
12. a kind of transparent display, comprising:
Transparent display panel with transmission region and light emitting region, the light emitting region have pixel for displaying images； And
Light control device on a surface of the transparent display panel,
Wherein, the light control device includes:
First substrate and the second substrate relative to each other；
First electrode on the first substrate；
Second electrode in the second substrate；
Multiple liquid crystal layers between the first electrode and the second electrode, the liquid crystal layer includes polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC) layer and guest-host type liquid crystal (GHLC) layer, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer includes the drop with the first liquid crystal, described Guest-host type liquid crystal layer includes the second liquid crystal, dichroic dye and the wall portion with multiple dams, and is had between the multiple dam Multiple liquid crystal regions comprising second liquid crystal and the dichroic dye, in no applied voltage, the multiple liquid crystal layer Realize the transparent mode for transmiting incident light；When applying voltage, the multiple liquid crystal layer is realized for covering incident light Shading pattern；
First orientation film in the wall portion；And
Second orientation film including jointing material,
Wherein, the first orientation film and the second orientation film are bonded each other on the top surface on the multiple dam, so that institute It states the second liquid crystal and the dichroic dye is arranged with assigned direction, and
Wherein, the area of the top surface on the multiple dam takes in consideration shading rate and the first orientation film with described second It is adjusted on the basis of to the bonding force between film,
Under the display pattern that the pixel shows image, the multiple liquid crystal layer realizes the photomask for covering incident light Formula；Under the non-displayed mode that the pixel does not show image, the multiple liquid crystal layer is realized for transmiting the transparent of incident light Mode or shading pattern for covering incident light.
13. transparent display according to claim 12, wherein in no applied voltage, arrange institute with vertical direction State the first liquid crystal, second liquid crystal and the dichroic dye；When applying voltage, first liquid is arranged with horizontal direction Brilliant, described second liquid crystal and the dichroic dye.
14. the multiple dam of transparent display according to claim 12, the wall portion is located in the light emitting region.
15. transparent display according to claim 12, wherein second liquid between the multiple liquid crystal region The difference of brilliant and the dichroic dye ratio is in 1%.
16. a kind of transparent display, comprising:
Transparent display panel with lower substrate and upper substrate；And
Light control device, on the lower section of the lower substrate of the transparent display panel or the upper substrate of the transparent display panel,
Wherein, the light control device includes:
First electrode on first substrate；
Second electrode on the lower substrate or upper substrate；
Multiple liquid crystal layers between the first electrode and second electrode, the liquid crystal layer include polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC) layer and guest-host type liquid crystal (GHLC) layer, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer includes the drop with the first liquid crystal, described Guest-host type liquid crystal layer includes the second liquid crystal, dichroic dye and the wall portion with multiple dams, and is had between the multiple dam Multiple liquid crystal regions comprising second liquid crystal and the dichroic dye；
First orientation film in the wall portion；And
Second orientation film including jointing material,
Wherein, the first orientation film and the second orientation film are bonded each other on the top surface on the multiple dam, so that institute It states the second liquid crystal and the dichroic dye is arranged with assigned direction, and
Wherein, the area of the top surface on the multiple dam takes in consideration shading rate and the first orientation film with described second It is adjusted on the basis of to the bonding force between film,
In no applied voltage, the multiple liquid crystal layer realizes the transparent mode for transmiting incident light；When applying voltage, institute It states multiple liquid crystal layers and realizes shading pattern for covering incident light, and
In the case where the pixel of the transparent display panel shows the display pattern of image, the multiple liquid crystal layer realize for cover into Penetrate the shading pattern of light；Under the non-displayed mode that the pixel does not show image, the multiple liquid crystal layer is realized for transmiting The transparent mode of incident light or shading pattern for covering incident light.
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