Use the laser automobile fog light optical system that diffraction optical element and laser instrument combine
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical field, particularly relate to a kind of laser automobile fog light optical system using diffraction optical element and laser instrument to combine.
Background technology
In modern technologies, along with automobile market, auto parts machinery product and corresponding optoelectronic device, systematic difference develops, the application of auto parts machinery application market to photovoltaic is more and more extensive, also more and more higher to the technical requirement of photovoltaic, wherein designed by embody rule demand special pattern Laser fog lamp illumination light field application market fast development, as the fog lamp product of remote oblique illumination, special pattern automobile fog light product, the fog lamp product etc. penetrated outside wide-angle bottom car, the development of these field products, complexity is proposed to active illumination light field, harsh requirement, its optical system of traditional lamp optical system is complicated, size is very large, cost is very high, and regulate complicated, need the movement of multi-disc lens, uniting and adjustment, and light field control mode is simple, optical field distribution complicated and changeable can not be realized, cannot meet the demand of application, based on the development of diffraction optics and laser technology, provide technical foundation for realizing special lighting laser light field, diffraction optical element is novel optical element just ripe gradually in the recent period, its design principle and traditional refractive optics possess essential distinction, carry out light field modulation design based on the Wave-front phase characteristic of light field, belong to other nanometer micro-optical device of wavelength level, in the light field region of 1 mm size, the light field control unit of hundreds of millions magnitudes can be realized, input light field is enriched, regulate flexibly, almost can realize the requirement of the output light field of any complexity, its size is little, powerful, light intensity utilization ratio is high, it is the important application technology in future automobile fog lamp field.
The optical design of traditional automobile fog light light field, the feature for illuminating source (as Halogen lamp LED, LED etc.), by using refraction optical element, as lens, speculum, microlens array, camera lens, scattering sheet, realize the secondary modulation to luminous light field, realize the output of required light field.This traditional design mode be by reflecting, blocking, the method for imaging, incident field is modulated, the optical element of method for designing is complicated, quantity is more, light utilization ratio is very low, and function singleness, cannot realize complicated illumination light field, such as, for the application such as large angle of inclination automobile fog light, the asymmetric rectification of light distribution, more than 100 meters remote fog lamps of brand-new application, traditional design all cannot realize.Traditional lighting light field design simultaneously, its optics size is large, cost is very high, very high to application environmental requirement, the fine dust of surface optical device all can cause the major defect of special-shaped light field, above-mentioned factor is that the use of this product causes a lot of disadvantageous factor, the serious market application limiting product.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve the defect and deficiency that exist in above-mentioned prior art, provide one and can adapt to complicated and diversified applied environment, realize that the high light utilization ratio of light field, low cost, optical texture simplicity of design, size are little, high accuracy angle of divergence regulating system completely, the laser automobile fog light optical system that the function of great improving optical system and applicability use diffraction optical element and laser instrument to combine.
Technical scheme of the present invention: a kind of laser automobile fog light optical system using diffraction optical element and laser instrument to combine, comprises a laser radiation source and a diffraction optical element, described laser radiation source is divergent light source or collimation source of parallel light; Described diffraction optical element is carry out for the parameter of laser radiation source the diffraction optical element that designs, and it is for realizing the optical field distribution needed for optical system.
Preferably, described laser radiation source is collimation source of parallel light, and its laser light field wavefront is plane wave or almost plane ripple.
Preferably, described laser radiation source is divergent light source, and its laser light field wavefront is spherical wave.
Preferably, described diffraction optical element possesses the function X of incident field and the Y-direction angle of divergence being adjusted to respectively to process, the angle of divergence of incident field is carried out Homogenization Treatments, realize the design optimization of the special-shaped light field of required automobile fog light pattern, after light source irradiation diffraction optical element, form the light field possessing the specific angle of divergence that overall optical system needs.
Preferably, described diffraction optical element possesses the function X of incident field and the luminous size of Y-direction being adjusted to respectively to process, the luminous size of incident field is carried out Homogenization Treatments, realize the design optimization of the special-shaped light field of required automobile fog light pattern, after light source irradiation diffraction optical element, form the light field possessing the specific luminous size that overall optical system needs.
Preferably, the described diffraction optical element wavefront properties possessed for incident field carries out the design of phase-modulation, is carried out being adjusted to process by the Wave-front phase of incident field, realizes the design optimization of the special-shaped light field of required automobile fog light pattern.
Preferably, described laser radiation source and diffraction optical element realize the design of the special-shaped light field of required automobile fog light pattern, after light source irradiation diffraction optical element, form the light field of the certain light intensity distribution possessing overall optical system and need, the specific angle of divergence.
Preferably, described diffraction optical element is fresnel diffraction optical element.
Preferably, described diffraction optical element is Fraunhofer diffraction optical element.
Diffraction optical element of the present invention is by the wavefront modification to incident field, realize the intensity Distribution Design of outgoing light field, generation principle and the traditional design of the illumination light field of its arbitrary shape, the angle of divergence have essential distinction, use a slice diffraction optical element can replace the function of the multiple Optical devices in conventional method, optical element is few, size is little, light utilization ratio increases substantially, can more than 90% be reached, optical function is very abundant, can meet the demand of illuminated field of arbitrary shape, light distribution.
Laser coordinates the automobile fog light system of diffraction optical element, designed by the combination of laser light field and diffraction optical element, the fog lamp pattern can realize any complexity, acquiring a special sense, and little based on the angle of divergence of laser, direction of beam propagation is controlled, long-distance communications performance, can realize the automobile fog light effect of overlength distance warning function.
The most important advantage of this laser automobile fog light optical system is the strong scattering of laser under thick fog weather conditions, the characteristic that visibility is strong, and in the weather environment of thick fog, the visibility of traditional fog lamp is very poor, and fog is denseer, and the visual range of traditional fog lamp is shorter; And the direction propagation characteristic of the light beam of diffraction optical element realization is coordinated based on laser, local, the space light intensity of light beam is very strong, after molecule scattering in fog, what formation visibility was high possesses warning function scattered light visual effect, effectively achieve the warning visual process of fog lamp, its visual range under thick fog weather environment reaches more than 10 times of traditional fog lamp.
Diffraction optical element of the present invention possesses the feature that volume is little, installation is simple, cost is low, significantly can reduce the volume of optical system, reduces the cost of optical articles; Simultaneously to possess optical index tolerance larger for diffraction optical element, relative to Traditional optics, fine dust, the dirty impact on special-shaped light field in its territory, transparent zone are very little, lower to the requirement of applied environment, complicated and diversified applied environment can be adapted to, fully achieve that the high light utilization ratio of light field, low cost, optical texture simplicity of design, size are little, high accuracy angle of divergence regulating system, improve function and the applicability of optical system greatly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is optical texture schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the optical texture schematic diagram of laser instrument and diffraction optical element X-direction in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the optical texture schematic diagram of laser instrument and diffraction optical element Y-direction in the present invention.
1. laser instruments, 2. diffraction optical element in Fig. 1,3. Laser fog lamp illumination light field.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation, but be not limiting the scope of the invention.
Diffraction optical element in the present invention, use needs based on automobile fog light system, according to the optical parametric irradiating LASER Light Source, carry out the design of diffraction optical element targetedly, realize the output of specific pattern laser light field, the fog lamp light field that this diffraction optical element and laser instrument realize designs, its light intensity utilization ratio is high, shape, the light distribution of optical field distribution can control flexibly, can according to the needs of the application system of the automobile of different style, realizing complicated fog lamp pattern light field, is the optical system that conventional illumination device cannot realize.The function of diffraction optical element is: incident beam is the laser beam of a parallel or divergent shape, incident beam irradiates diffraction optical element and realizes an outgoing light field, this diffraction optical element is the optical characteristics according to incident field, carry out targeted design, regulate the wavefront of incident field, realize the Fourier transformation of incident field to required outgoing light field.LASER Light Source and diffraction optical element position are fixed, only by the adjustment of a slice diffraction optical element, the design of required complicated light distribution light field can be realized, optical function is powerful, significantly can reduce the size of illuminator simultaneously, reduce the cost of illuminator, extend application and the application mode of laser illumination system.
Embodiment 1
Laser instrument type selecting is diverging light laser instrument (as semiconductor laser), the laser sent, its X-direction angle of divergence θ x and Y-direction angle of divergence θ y has certain difference, the luminous size Lx of laser instrument and Ly also has larger difference, the difference of such as semiconductor laser is very large, and θ x is about 40 degree, and θ y is about 10 degree, Lx is 1um, Ly is 100um.
Laser instrument type selecting is diverging light laser instrument (as semiconductor laser), the laser facula that laser instrument sends, due to the impact of θ x and θ y, X-direction size dx and the Y-direction size dy of its hot spot possess certain difference, dx and the dy difference of such as semiconductor laser is very large, dx=Lx+tan(θ x/2) × 2 × D, dy=Ly+tan(θ y/2) × 2 × D, in formula, D is the distance between laser facula test position and laser instrument luminous position.
For realizing good automobile fog light illuminating effect, the feature for above-mentioned semiconductor laser is needed to carry out design of diffractive optical element targetedly.
The function 1 of the diffraction optical element in the present embodiment: due to the impact of θ x and θ y and Lx and Ly, the real spherical wave of X and Y-direction converges focus and is not positioned in laser instrument light-emitting area, but along the intersection point of spherical wave backpropagation, the focus point of its X-direction and Y-direction is fx and fy to the distance of diffraction optical element respectively as shown in the figure.The X-direction of diffraction optical element inside possesses to be compressed (being similar to a focal length is the lens combination of fx) θ x angle, the y direction of diffraction optical element inside possesses to be compressed (being similar to a focal length is the lens combination of fy) θ y angle, the light beam of diverging light laser instrument forms the beam divergence angle homogenising of X, Y-direction after the modulation of this diffraction optical element, θ ox and θ oy ratio are about 1:1, for realizing follow-up fog lamp light field process needs.
The function 2 of the diffraction optical element in the present embodiment: design has incorporated and designed for the Homogenization Treatments of dx and dy simultaneously, suppose that dx is less than dy, the X-direction of diffraction optical element inside possesses carries out size process (being similar to the lens that is of a size of dx) to dx, the y direction of diffraction optical element inside possesses carries out size process (being similar to the lens that is of a size of dy) to dy, the light beam of laser instrument forms X after the modulation of this diffraction optical element, the beam sizes homogenising of Y-direction, the use of such as semiconductor laser, before diffraction optical element process, the ratio situation of semiconductor laser light emitting size X and Y-direction: dx:dy=100:1, through the good design of diffraction optical element parameter, dx:dy=4:1, significantly improve the ratio of spot size, for realizing follow-up fog lamp light field needs.
The function 3 of the diffraction optical element in the present embodiment: on the basis of function 1 and function 2, diffraction optical element carries out phase-modulation again to light beam, based on the optimization process result of laser and the needs of required fog lamp light field of function 1 and function 2, the wavefront of diverging light is spherical wave mode, the diffraction optical element of patent of the present invention carries out the iterative analysis of optical Fourier propagation for the Wave-front phase distribution of spherical wave, by modulating the phase place of light field, the fog lamp effect required for the diffraction of outgoing light field, interference effect realize.
Embodiment 2
Laser instrument type selecting is collimation directional light laser instrument, the laser sent, its X-direction angle of divergence θ x and Y-direction angle of divergence θ y angle very little, be all very little be similar to 0 angle, laser beam presents the circulation way of directional light, and its wavefront is plane wave.
Laser instrument type selecting is collimation directional light laser instrument, and the laser that laser instrument sends, its X-direction size dx and Y-direction size dy possesses certain difference, such as, possess difference, dx:dy=1:5 through dx and dy of the semiconductor laser of non-spherical lens angle of divergence compression.
For realizing good automobile fog light illuminating effect, the feature for above-mentioned semiconductor laser is needed to carry out design of diffractive optical element targetedly.
The function 1 of the diffraction optical element in the present embodiment: design the design that incorporated for plane wave, θ x and θ y be all very little be similar to 0 angle, diffraction optical element carries out the X plane wave Phase Processing identical with Y-direction according to this feature.
The function 2 of the diffraction optical element in the present embodiment: design has incorporated and designed for the Homogenization Treatments of dx and dy simultaneously, the X-direction of diffraction optical element inside possesses carries out size process (being similar to the lens that is of a size of dx) to dx, the y direction of diffraction optical element inside possesses carries out size process (being similar to the lens that is of a size of dy) to dy, the light beam of laser instrument forms X after the modulation of this diffraction optical element, the beam sizes homogenising of Y-direction, such as through the 650nm semiconductor laser of non-spherical lens angle of divergence compression, before diffraction optical element process, the ratio situation of semiconductor laser light emitting size X and Y-direction: dx:dy=1:5, after diffraction optical element process, dx:dy=1:1 can be realized at 10mm distance hot spot, significantly improve the ratio of spot size, for realizing follow-up fog lamp light field needs.
The function 3 of the diffraction optical element in the present embodiment: on the basis of function 1 and function 2, diffraction optical element carries out phase-modulation again to light beam, based on the optimization process result of laser and the needs of required fog lamp light field of function 1 and function 2, the wavefront ground roll mode of collimation directional light, the diffraction optical element of patent of the present invention carries out the iterative analysis of optical Fourier propagation for the Wave-front phase distribution of plane wave, by modulating the phase place of light field, the fog lamp effect required for the diffraction of outgoing light field, interference effect realize.