CN105296858A - High-performance engine inlet valve and preparing method thereof - Google Patents
High-performance engine inlet valve and preparing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105296858A CN105296858A CN201510777709.7A CN201510777709A CN105296858A CN 105296858 A CN105296858 A CN 105296858A CN 201510777709 A CN201510777709 A CN 201510777709A CN 105296858 A CN105296858 A CN 105296858A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an engine inlet valve and a preparing method thereof. The inlet valve is prepared from, by weight percentage, 0.32% to 0.40% of C, 0.17% to 0.37% of Si, 2.5% to 3.5% of Mo, 0.50% to 0.80% of Mn, 0.80% to 1.10% of Cr, 0.50% to 1.0% of W, smaller than or equal to 0.013% of Ni, smaller than or equal to 0.015% of P, smaller than or equal to 0.015% of S, smaller than or equal to 0.010% of Cu and the balance Fe. The inlet valve is manufactured through the processes including surface nanocrystallization, low-temperature nitriding, tungsten and zirconium alloy bead welding and the like. The inlet valve is large in surface strength, high in hardness, good in abrasion resistance and long in service life.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of new, particularly relate to a kind of inlet valve and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Engine is the core component of locomotive, and valve is one of vital part of engine.Valve is used to the direct part opening or closing inlet and outlet road, its work under bad environment, high to the performance requriements of material.Valve is divided into inlet valve and blast gate, air is entered in engine cylinder by inlet valve and burns with fuel mix, burning after produce waste gas discharge cylinder by blast gate, thus realize fresh air enter cylinder combustion produce vehicle travel power and scavenge.Among this process, the thermal energy of fuel combustion is mechanical energy.Head portion that temperature is very high, but also bears the pressure of gas, the reactive force of valve spring and transmission component mass force, and its lubrication, cooling conditions are poor, require that valve must have some strength, rigidity, heat-resisting and wear resisting property.Inlet valve generally adopts steel alloy (chromium steel, steel nickel chrome), and blast gate adopts refractory alloy (silicon chrome steel).Sometimes in order to economize refractory alloy, then both are welded by blast gate head refractory alloy, and bar portion chromium steel.Current engine is generally provided with multiple valve.Commonly each cylinder arrangement has 4 valves, and the engine one of 4 cylinders has 16 valves.This many air valve structures easily form compact type combustion chamber, oil nozzle in central authorities, can make air-fuel mixture gas firing more rapidly like this evenly, weight and the aperture of each valve suitably reduce, make valve opening or closed speed faster.But, so also just require that the material property of valve is higher.
The work characteristics of engine requires that inlet valve will possess the feature such as abrasion-resistant, high temperature resistant, antifatigue, high tenacity, and the performance of valve material directly has influence on the performance of engine.High commercial due to this technology is worth and trade secret highly, and the relevant report in valve material and complete processing thereof is few.Valve material domestic at present have 40Cr, 4Cr9Si2,4Cr10Si2Mo, 21-4N and 23-8N etc. a few.But the current service life of China is still not as good as 1/3rd of Foreign Advanced Lerel.
Patent of invention CN104895638A provides a kind of inlet valve of automobile engine, take melting and casting, forging head, Tempering and Quenching, machining, carbonitriding thermal treatment, conical surface grinding is processed, conical surface built-up welding, surface finish, the processing steps such as applying coating, and hardness and the intensity that carbonitriding thermal treatment improves inlet valve is carried out to valve, avoid occurring hot spot.
Patent of invention CN103256085A proposes a kind of valve of burning heavy oil ship engine, comprise valve matrix and the valve retainer conical surface, the material of valve matrix adopts 23-8N Valve Steel, the valve retainer conical surface is provided with strengthening layer, strengthening layer adopts nickel-bass alloy material, and concrete each constituent mass per-cent is: the chromium of the nickel of 77-82%, the iron of 2.2-3.4%, 9.5-12.5%, the carbon of 0.1-0.5%, the silicon of 3.5-4.2%, the boron of 2.0-2.5%.To improve its life-span.
Patent of invention CN102493853A proposes and adopts TiAl base intermetallic compound as valve material.This material can be greatly improved in high temperature resistant, but its toughness does not still reach the standard of industrial application, and there is expensive problem.
Patent of invention CN103627956A discloses the manufacture method of a kind of engine high-wear resistance inlet valve material and this valve.The alloy component range adopted is:: C:0.32 ~ 0.40%; Si:0.17 ~ 0.27%; Mo:0.5 ~ 1.2%; Mn:0.50 ~ 0.80%; Nb:0.2 ~ 0.5%; Cr:0.80 ~ 1.10%; W:0.50 ~ 1.0%; Ni :≤0.013%; P :≤0.015; S :≤0.015; Cu :≤0.010%; Clout is Fe.This valve forms through processes such as making Nano surface, low temperature nitriding, built-up welding tungsten zirconium alloys.
Patent of invention CN103627961A discloses a kind of inlet valve, and the alloying constituent weight percent that inlet valve adopts is: C:0.32 ~ 0.40%; Si:0.17 ~ 0.37%; Mo:2.5 ~ 3.5%; Mn:0.50 ~ 0.80%; Cr:0.80 ~ 1.10%; W:0.50 ~ 1.0%; Surplus to be purity be 99.8% Fe.This valve forms through processes such as making Nano surface, low temperature nitriding, built-up welding tungsten zirconium alloys.This valve can high temperature long service more than 500 DEG C, but when the performance boost of engine, when requiring the temperature military service of valve more than 550 DEG C, this material is just not competent.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: for solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides the inlet valve and preparation method thereof of this kind of moderate cost, resistance to elevated temperatures is excellent, work-ing life is longer excellent combination property.
Technical scheme: for realizing technique scheme, the invention provides a kind of inlet valve, and the matrix material ingredients of described inlet valve is: C:0.30 ~ 0.40%; Si:0.05 ~ 0.1%; Mo:0.1 ~ 0.2%; Mn:0.50 ~ 0.80%; Cr:0.80 ~ 1.10%; W:0.50 ~ 1.0%; Ce:0.1 ~ 0.2%; Nb:0.05 ~ 0.1%; Cu:0.05 ~ 0.1%.Surplus is the Fe that purity is greater than 99.8%, and to be the impurity weight percent content in the Fe of 99.8% be described purity: Ni :≤0.013%; P :≤0.015; S :≤0.015%.It is characterized in that, the conical surface of valve has molybdenum zirconium alloy coating layer, thickness 30-100 micron, and there is graphene layer on the surface of valve, thickness 50-500 nanometer.
Relative to the material that patent CN103627956A uses, present invention reduces the content of Mo, Si, add Cu, Nb element.Reduce the cost that Mo content can reduce product, increase micro-Nb element, under the prerequisite significantly not increasing cost, effectively can put forward the intensity under heavy alloyed resistance to elevated temperatures and high temperature, increase the Cu element of trace, greatly can improve the welding property of alloy.Thus, molybdenum zirconium alloy can be adopted to replace miramint, reduce material cost, and reduce temperature and the difficulty of weldprocedure, decrease facility investment.
In addition, present invention employs Graphene coating, enhance the high temperature resistance impact capacity of valve, resistance of oxidation, wear resisting property and surface strength.Thus make the life-time service temperature of valve rise to more than 550 DEG C from 500 DEG C.
The manufacture method of above-mentioned inlet valve, comprises following processing step:
(1) prepare batching according to alloy component range, alloy material is mixed;
(2) adopt vacuum induction melting, temperature controls at 1600 ~ 1650 DEG C, melting 2 ~ 2.5 hours;
(3) carry out three forgings at 1100 DEG C, 1050 DEG C, 950 DEG C respectively, controlling distortion ratio is greater than 70%, obtains inlet valve blank;
(4) at 800-850 DEG C, be incubated 1-1.5h, quenching, is then heated to 450-500 DEG C, insulation 2-2.5 hour, last air cooling;
(5) remove surface scale, carry out bright and clean process, then carry out surperficial supersound process, then carry out Nitrizing Treatment at 330 ~ 360 DEG C;
(6) milling machine processing is adopted to carry out surface smoothness process to the conical surface;
(7) at conical surface built-up welding molybdenum zirconium alloy, wherein the content of Mo is 30 ~ 40%, and zirconium is surplus;
(8) carry out surface smoothness process, then adopt chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method to deposit a layer graphene at valve surfaces.Deposition process utilizes that CH4 is carbon source, H2 is carrier gas, and temperature is 900 ~ 1000 DEG C.The speed of cooling is 15 DEG C/s.
Wherein, surperficial supersound process described in step (5) be at room temperature, frequency control carries out under the condition of 3-3.5 ten thousand hertz; In step (7), the processing parameter of conical surface built-up welding molybdenum zirconium alloy is: preheating at 450 DEG C, and weldingvoltage is 300V, electric current 900A; In step (7), after casting, the speed of cooling is greater than 500 DEG C/sec.
Beneficial effect: use valve of the present invention, because it has excellent high-temperature behavior (intensity, oxidation-resistance, wear resistance and fatigue lifetime etc.), can improve the working temperature of engine, thus promote heat output and the utilising efficiency of fuel.Obvious economic benefit can be produced.The present invention adopts making Nano surface technology, while improving the strength of materials, also improve the friction and wear behavior of material, improve the shock resistance of material surface, improve material monolithic performance, the aspects such as the toughness of material, intensity, hardness and solidity to corrosion are also beneficial to meanwhile.On the other hand, alloy adopts built-up welding molybdenum zirconium alloy, while the resistance to elevated temperatures, hardness and wear resistance of the guarantee valve material conical surface, reduces cost.By deposited graphite alkene layer, ensure that resistance to elevated temperatures and the wear resisting property of valve surfaces.Thus make the life-time service temperature of valve rise to more than 550 DEG C from 500 DEG C.
Embodiment
The purity used in each embodiment is below the weight percent content of impurity in the Fe of 99.8%: Ni :≤0.013%; P :≤0.015; S :≤0.015.
embodiment 1
(1) batching is prepared according to alloy component range, C:0.30%; Si:0.1%; Mo:0.17%; Mn:0.5%; Cr:1.04%; W:0.93%; Ce:0.11%; Nb:0.06%; Cu:0.08%.Alloy material is mixed;
(2) adopt vacuum induction melting, temperature controls at 1650 DEG C, melting 2.5 hours;
(3) carry out three forgings at 1100 DEG C, 1050 DEG C, 950 DEG C respectively, controlling distortion ratio is 70%, obtains inlet valve blank;
(4) at 820 DEG C, be incubated 1.5h, quenching, is then heated to 450 DEG C, is incubated 2 hours, last air cooling;
(5) remove surface scale, carry out bright and clean process, then carry out surperficial supersound process, supersound process at room temperature, frequency control carries out under the condition of 30,000 hertz, then carries out Nitrizing Treatment at 350 DEG C;
(6) milling machine processing is adopted to carry out surface smoothness process to the conical surface;
(7) at conical surface built-up welding molybdenum zirconium alloy, wherein the content of Mo is 30%, and zirconium is surplus; Thickness 30 microns, processing parameter is: preheating at 450 DEG C, and weldingvoltage is 300V, electric current 900A;
(8) carry out surface smoothness process, then adopt chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method to deposit a layer graphene at valve surfaces.Deposition process utilizes that CH4 is carbon source, H2 is carrier gas, and temperature is 970 DEG C.The speed of cooling is 15 DEG C/s.Thickness 318 nanometer.
embodiment 2
(1) batching is prepared according to alloy component range, C:0.35%; Si:0.05%; Mo:0.14%; Mn:0.75%; Cr:0.87%; W:1.0%; Ce:0.1%; Nb:0.1%; Cu:0.05%.Alloy material is mixed;
(2) adopt vacuum induction melting, temperature controls at 1650 DEG C, melting 2 hours;
(3) carry out three forgings at 1100 DEG C, 1050 DEG C, 950 DEG C respectively, controlling distortion ratio is 72%, obtains inlet valve blank;
(4) at 800 DEG C, be incubated 1.5h, quenching, is then heated to 500 DEG C, is incubated 2 hours, last air cooling;
(5) remove surface scale, carry out bright and clean process, then carry out surperficial supersound process, supersound process at room temperature, frequency control carries out under the condition of 30,000 hertz, then carries out Nitrizing Treatment at 330 DEG C;
(6) milling machine processing is adopted to carry out surface smoothness process to the conical surface;
(7) at conical surface built-up welding molybdenum zirconium alloy, wherein the content of Mo is 40%, and zirconium is surplus; Thickness 60 microns, processing parameter is: preheating at 450 DEG C, and weldingvoltage is 300V, electric current 900A;
(8) carry out surface smoothness process, then adopt chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method to deposit a layer graphene at valve surfaces.Deposition process utilizes that CH4 is carbon source, H2 is carrier gas, and temperature is 950 DEG C.The speed of cooling is 15 DEG C/s.Thickness 50 nanometer.
embodiment 3
(1) batching is prepared according to alloy component range, C:0.40%; Si:0.065%; Mo:0.2%; Mn:0.80%; Cr:0.80%; W:0.9%; Ce:0.2%; Nb:0.05%; Cu:0.1%.Alloy material is mixed;
(2) adopt vacuum induction melting, temperature controls at 1620 DEG C, melting 2 hours;
(3) carry out three forgings at 1100 DEG C, 1050 DEG C, 950 DEG C respectively, controlling distortion ratio is 73%, obtains inlet valve blank;
(4) at 850 DEG C, be incubated 1h, quenching, is then heated to 500 DEG C, is incubated 2.5 hours, last air cooling;
(5) remove surface scale, carry out bright and clean process, then carry out surperficial supersound process, supersound process at room temperature, frequency control carries out under the condition of 3.5 ten thousand hertz, then carries out Nitrizing Treatment at 360 DEG C;
(6) milling machine processing is adopted to carry out surface smoothness process to the conical surface;
(7) at conical surface built-up welding molybdenum zirconium alloy, wherein the content of Mo is 36%, and zirconium is surplus; Thickness 100 microns, processing parameter is: preheating at 450 DEG C, and weldingvoltage is 300V, electric current 900A;
(8) carry out surface smoothness process, then adopt chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method to deposit a layer graphene at valve surfaces.Deposition process utilizes that CH4 is carbon source, H2 is carrier gas, and temperature is 1000 DEG C.The speed of cooling is 15 DEG C/s.Thickness 485 nanometer.
embodiment 4
(1) batching is prepared according to alloy component range, C:0.38%; Si:0.09%; Mo:0.1%; Mn:0.56%; Cr:0.80%; W:0.50%; Ce:0.17%; Nb:0.09%; Cu:0.086%.Alloy material is mixed;
(2) adopt vacuum induction melting, temperature controls at 1600 DEG C, melting 2.5 hours;
(3) carry out three forgings at 1100 DEG C, 1050 DEG C, 950 DEG C respectively, controlling distortion ratio is 71%, obtains inlet valve blank;
(4) at 800 DEG C, be incubated 1h, quenching, is then heated to 480 DEG C, is incubated 2 hours, last air cooling;
(5) remove surface scale, carry out bright and clean process, then carry out surperficial supersound process, supersound process at room temperature, frequency control carries out under the condition of 30,000 hertz, then carries out Nitrizing Treatment at 360 DEG C;
(6) milling machine processing is adopted to carry out surface smoothness process to the conical surface;
(7) at conical surface built-up welding molybdenum zirconium alloy, wherein the content of Mo is 40%, and zirconium is surplus; Thickness 70 microns, processing parameter is: preheating at 450 DEG C, and weldingvoltage is 300V, electric current 900A;
(8) carry out surface smoothness process, then adopt chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method to deposit a layer graphene at valve surfaces.Deposition process utilizes that CH4 is carbon source, H2 is carrier gas, and temperature is 900 DEG C.The speed of cooling is 15 DEG C/s.Thickness 150 nanometer.
Test the surface hardness of the inlet valve of above embodiment gained and comparative example (the 40Cr alloy material of modulation treatment), wear rate, fatigue strength, dynamometer life (data are in table 1), can see, hardness of the present invention is large, polishing machine is excellent, and fatigue property is high, and the life-span is long.
The surface hardness of table 1 material, wear rate, fatigue strength, dynamometer life
Claims (5)
1. inlet valve and preparation method thereof, the matrix material ingredients of described inlet valve is: C:0.30 ~ 0.40%; Si:0.05 ~ 0.1%; Mo:0.1 ~ 0.2%; Mn:0.50 ~ 0.80%; Cr:0.80 ~ 1.10%; W:0.50 ~ 1.0%; Ce:0.1 ~ 0.2%; Nb:0.05 ~ 0.1%; Cu:0.05 ~ 0.1%; Surplus is the Fe that purity is greater than 99.8%, and to be the impurity weight percent content in the Fe of 99.8% be described purity: Ni :≤0.013%; P :≤0.015; S :≤0.015; Cu :≤0.010%; The conical surface of valve has molybdenum zirconium alloy coating layer, thickness 30-100 micron, and there is graphene layer on the surface of valve; Its preparation method comprises following processing step:
(1) prepare batching according to alloy component range, alloy material is mixed;
(2) adopt vacuum induction melting, temperature controls at 1600 ~ 1650 DEG C, melting 2 ~ 2.5 hours;
(3) carry out three forgings at 1100 DEG C, 1050 DEG C, 950 DEG C respectively, controlling distortion ratio is greater than 70%, obtains inlet valve blank;
(4) at 800-850 DEG C, be incubated 1-1.5h, quenching, is then heated to 450-500 DEG C, insulation 2-2.5 hour, last air cooling;
(5) remove surface scale, carry out bright and clean process, then carry out surperficial supersound process, then carry out Nitrizing Treatment at 330 ~ 360 DEG C;
(6) milling machine processing is adopted to carry out surface smoothness process to the conical surface;
(7) at conical surface built-up welding molybdenum zirconium alloy, wherein the content of Mo is 30 ~ 40%, and zirconium is surplus;
(8) carry out surface smoothness process, then adopt chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method to deposit a layer graphene at valve surfaces, deposition process utilizes that CH4 is carbon source, H2 is carrier gas, and temperature is 900 ~ 1000 DEG C; The speed of cooling is 15 DEG C/s.
2. the preparation method of inlet valve according to claim 1, is characterized in that, surperficial supersound process described in step (5) be at room temperature, frequency control carries out under the condition of 3-3.5 ten thousand hertz.
3. the preparation method of inlet valve according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (7), the processing parameter of conical surface built-up welding molybdenum zirconium alloy is: preheating at 450 DEG C, weldingvoltage is 300V, electric current 900A.
4. the preparation method of inlet valve according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (7), after casting, the speed of cooling is greater than 500 DEG C/sec.
5. the preparation method of inlet valve according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (8), the gauge control of the Graphene of deposition is at 50-500nm.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107012402A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-08-04 | 成都亨通兆业精密机械有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of inlet valve |
| CN107060934A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-08-18 | 崔旺林 | A kind of automobile engine inlet valve |
| CN107780991A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-03-09 | 江苏金山动力科技有限公司 | A kind of internal combustion engine air outlet valve and its preparation technology |
| CN107794462A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-03-13 | 江苏金山动力科技有限公司 | A kind of internal combustion engine inlet valve and its preparation technology |
| CN112301286A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-02-02 | 安福锦湖(湖南)气门有限公司 | Automobile engine exhaust valve material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112318077A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-02-05 | 安福锦湖(湖南)气门有限公司 | Manufacturing method of intake valve for automobile engine |
| CN112442639A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-03-05 | 安福锦湖(湖南)气门有限公司 | Rocker arm for automobile engine intake valve and manufacturing process |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107012402A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-08-04 | 成都亨通兆业精密机械有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of inlet valve |
| CN107060934A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-08-18 | 崔旺林 | A kind of automobile engine inlet valve |
| CN107780991A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-03-09 | 江苏金山动力科技有限公司 | A kind of internal combustion engine air outlet valve and its preparation technology |
| CN107794462A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-03-13 | 江苏金山动力科技有限公司 | A kind of internal combustion engine inlet valve and its preparation technology |
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| CN112301286A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-02-02 | 安福锦湖(湖南)气门有限公司 | Automobile engine exhaust valve material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112318077A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-02-05 | 安福锦湖(湖南)气门有限公司 | Manufacturing method of intake valve for automobile engine |
| CN112442639A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-03-05 | 安福锦湖(湖南)气门有限公司 | Rocker arm for automobile engine intake valve and manufacturing process |
| CN113217603A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-06 | 四川固锐德科技有限公司 | Cylindrical wheel for heavy-load vehicle main reducing system and preparation method thereof |
| CN113217603B (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2023-02-24 | 四川固锐德科技有限公司 | Cylindrical wheel for heavy-load vehicle main reducing system and preparation method thereof |
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