CN105296698A - Method for manufacturing iron by smelting reduction through gas and semicoke - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing iron by smelting reduction through gas and semicoke Download PDFInfo
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- CN105296698A CN105296698A CN201410369195.7A CN201410369195A CN105296698A CN 105296698 A CN105296698 A CN 105296698A CN 201410369195 A CN201410369195 A CN 201410369195A CN 105296698 A CN105296698 A CN 105296698A
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Abstract
A method for manufacturing iron by smelting reduction through gas and semicoke is characterized in that 0 to 60mm lump coal is subjected to pyrolysis and dry distillation under the temperature of 500 to 700 DEG C to generate dry distillation gas and semicoke; the dry distillation gas is mixed with reducing gas which is generated by a melting gasifier and is at the temperature of 1000 to 1100 DEG C; after the temperature is adjusted to be 800 to 850 DEG C, the mixture enters a heat cyclone dust collector; after being subjected to gas collection, the reducing gas enters a reduction shaft furnace and then is subjected to backward reduction reaction with ore, coke, a fusing agent and the like fed from the top part of the reduction shaft furnace; the direct reduced iron generated by the reaction enters the melting gasifier, and the semicoke subjected to dry distillation is fed into the melting gasifier at the same time and reacts with the direct reduced iron to obtain qualified molten iron and slag. According to the method, low metamorphic lump coal is utilized and subjected to low-temperature dry distillation to generate the semicoke and the reducing gas; the reducing gas is directly fed into the shaft furnace, and the semicoke replacing the lump coal is directly fed into the gasifier, so that the gas permeability and liquid permeability of the gasifier can be ensured; little coke is utilized, and thus the production cost can be decreased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pyrolysis of coal and produce reducing gas and semicoke and ironmaking technique of fusion and reduction preparation field, be specifically related to a kind of method for melting reduction iron making utilizing coal gas and semicoke.
Background technology
Constantly strict due to environmental requirement, smelting reduction technology is subject to extensive concern because not needing coking and sintering two procedures.Smelting reduction process is current unique industrialized fused reduction iron-smelting novel process, and it directly can use lump coal, but requires harsher according to the requirement of VAI to the property indices of lump coal.The lump coal that can use in China only has 2-3 kind, this considerably increases the risk of melting and reducing coal, coal risk is used in order to reduce, reduce production cost, be necessary the alternative materials researching and developing lump coal, simultaneously in the process of smelting, the ventilative liquid permeability that melting gasification furnace requires, the direct motion of such guarantee vapourizing furnace administration measure, avoid damping down and tuyere damage etc., not only consumption is very large to use lump coal, and due to the decline limited space of lump coal in vapourizing furnace, be difficult to have ventilative liquid permeability preferably as coke, thus need to consume a large amount of coke, with melting and reducing design original intention less with or fail to agree without coke, thus cost is remained high, competitive power is not strong, can find and a kind ofly replace the material of lump coal or change production technique, thus both ensure that the ventilative liquid permeability of vapourizing furnace, again reduce coke to use, reduce production cost.
China has abundant coal resource, utilizes in process at the energy, larger to the dependency proportion of coal.Very many-sided work has been carried out to the processing and utilization coal worker of coal.Wherein the widest utilization ways is produced for blast furnace ironmaking for utilizing coal to carry out high temperature carbonization production coke (as Chinese patent CN1171807A, CN1465656A).
Blue charcoal is as the current new industry of China, and its production capacity rapid development, 2010 annual capacity scales are about 4,500 ten thousand tons, have begun to take shape an industry cluster and metastable market system.Blue charcoal also claims semicoke, and structure is block, and color is light/dark balance.Blue charcoal is formed by the low-temperature pyrolysis of quality fine coal block, as a kind of novel carbon material, with its fixed carbon high (>82%), ratio resistance is high, chemically reactive is high, low containing ash, aluminium is low, sulphur is low, phosphorus is low characteristic, part replaces the production that metallurgical coke is widely used in iron and steel and iron alloy, and its Application Areas is also in continuous expansion.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for melting reduction iron making utilizing coal gas and semicoke, the scarcity of melting and reducing coal is used in for the harshness of melting and reducing coal and China, and use the melting and reducing vapourizing furnace that causes of lump coal to breathe freely liquid permeability difference, roll up coke to use, the higher situation of cost, the low-temperature pyrolysis of low metamorphic grade lump coal is utilized to produce blue charcoal and reducing gas, reducing gas directly passes into shaft furnace, blue charcoal substitutes lump coal and directly adds vapourizing furnace, thus ensure the ventilative liquid permeability of vapourizing furnace, use coke less, reduce production cost.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of method for melting reduction iron making utilizing coal gas and semicoke, it is characterized in that, the lump coal of 0 ~ 60mm is produced dry distillation gas and semicoke under 500 ~ 700 DEG C of temperature condition after pyrogenation and carbonization, dry distillation gas and the reducing gas of 1000 ~ 1100 DEG C from melting gasification furnace are after mixing, temperature enters hot tornado dust collector after being adjusted to 800 ~ 850 DEG C, reducing gas after dedusting enters reduction shaft furnace and the ore added from reduction shaft furnace top, the reverse generation reduction reaction such as coke and flux, reacted direct-reduced iron enters melting gasification furnace, semicoke after destructive distillation is also added melting gasification furnace simultaneously, qualified molten iron and slag is obtained after reaction.
Further, the fugitive constituent V of the lump coal of use
dbetween 28 ~ 35%, ash content A
dbetween 10 ~ 14%.
Again, the granularity of the blue charcoal of generation between 8 ~ 40mm, the V of blue charcoal
d<10%, FC
d>76%.
In addition, the reduction pressure of melting gasification furnace is between 0.3 ~ 0.35MPa, and the logical pure oxygen amount of vapourizing furnace is 520 ~ 550NM
3/ tHM, enters the H in the reducing gas of reduction shaft furnace
2+ CO content is greater than 80%.
In present invention process:
The fugitive constituent V of the lump coal used
dbetween 28-35%, ash content A
dbetween 10-14%.The granularity of blue charcoal produced between 8-40mm, the V of blue charcoal
d<10%, FC
d>76%.The reduction pressure of vapourizing furnace is between 0.3-0.35MPa, and the logical pure oxygen amount of vapourizing furnace is 520-550NM
3/ tHM, enters the H in the reducing gas of shaft furnace
2+ CO content is greater than 80%.The reduction reaction occurred in shaft furnace is mainly:
Fe
2O
3+3H
2＝2FeO+H
2O，
Fe
2O
3+3CO＝2FeO+CO
2
FeO+CO＝Fe+CO
2，
FeO+H
2＝Fe+H
2O
The main reduction reaction occurred in melting gasification furnace is:
Sprayed into by pure oxygen in the melting gasification furnace with one or more air port, before air port, form convolution combustion zone, the combustion reactions of blue charcoal and coke is:
C+O
2＝CO
2
Along with spreading to the periphery, then there is following reaction again:
CO
2+C＝2CO
H
2O+C＝H
2+CO
In addition, in melting gasification furnace, also there is desulfurization and slag making reaction, and the reduction reaction of low price iron, final production goes out qualified molten iron.
The present invention utilizes lump coal destructive distillation to generate coal gas and semicoke is produced for fused reduction iron-smelting, thus decrease the materials such as the lump coal tar that directly pyrolysis produces in melting gasification furnace, thus the possibility reduced gas passage blocking, semicoke directly adds melting gasification furnace thus can increase the ventilative liquid permeability of melting gasification furnace half coke bed, decrease the cracking efflorescence of lump coal in melting gasification furnace, semicoke can substitute lump coal and better play skeleton function, because semicoke adds the ventilative liquid permeability of melting gasification furnace half coke bed, thus the coke usage quantity that can reduce in reduction process, thus reach the object reducing production cost, and can administration measure be kept, reduce vapourizing furnace damping down number of times.
Current have some patents such as Chinese patent CN1109911, CN1109510 etc. to be all utilize coal generating gas shaft furnace production direct-reduced iron, different from the present invention.The present invention utilizes the low-temperature pyrolysis of lump coal coal to produce blue charcoal, the coal gas of generation is used for melting and reducing reduction shaft furnace, and the blue charcoal produced adds melting gasification furnace as lump coal equivalent material, so just take full advantage of lump coal reactor product, and solve melting gasification furnace and to breathe freely liquid permeability and melting and reducing production cost problem, produce qualified molten iron.
The present invention is exactly harshness for the service requirements of melting and reducing lump coal, and the reaction times of melting and reducing lump coal in melting gasification furnace is too short, well can not ensure the ventilative liquid permeability of melting gasification furnace, increase melting and reducing coke to use and production cost, invent one coal and produce blue charcoal, the gas produced is used for reduction shaft furnace, blue charcoal replaces lump coal to be used for vapourizing furnace production, ensure the ventilative liquid permeability of melting gasification furnace, reduce the new ironmaking technique of fusion and reduction method that melting and reducing coke uses, reduce melting and reducing production cost.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, China has abundant coal resources, thus can have sufficient blue charcoal production capacity, can meet the production of novel process in where district in office.
2, lump coal produces reducing gas and semicoke under low temperature pyrogenation condition in gas retort, thus it is short to decrease lump coal reaction times in melting gasification furnace, produces a large amount of tar, the possibility of easy blocking pipe after the bonding coal dust of tar.
3, the semicoke that semicoke is relative and cracking generates in melting gasification furnace of low temperature pyrogenation generation, because sufficient reacting has better thermal characteristics, thus can lump coal be substituted after adding melting gasification furnace, increase the ventilative liquid permeability of vapourizing furnace, ensure the stable smooth operation that melting gasification furnace is produced.
4, semicoke substitutes lump coal and directly adds in melting gasification furnace, owing to adding the ventilative liquid permeability of half coke bed, thus can reduce the usage quantity of coke, reduces production cost, better plays the characteristic that fused reduction iron-smelting is produced.
5, the coal gas that production technique lump coal destructive distillation of the present invention produces adds shaft furnace, and semicoke adds melting gasification furnace, to breathe freely liquid permeability owing to adding half coke bed, and pass into pure oxygen in air port, thus the damping down situation brought because of lump coal cracking can be reduced, reduce air port breakage, reduce production cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
See Fig. 1, the present invention utilizes the method for melting reduction iron making of coal gas and semicoke, by the lump coal of granularity between 0-60mm, and its fugitive constituent V
dbe 28%, ash content A
dbe 12% add in gas retort (destructive distillation device 1), low-temperature pyrolysis is carried out at pyrolysis temperature is 500 DEG C, the coal gas produced after destructive distillation mixes with the reducing gas 1000 DEG C from melting gasification furnace 2, through the cyclone dust removal of hot tornado dust collector 3, and the H after testing of the coal gas after dedusting
2+ CO content is 82%, is passed into by this reducing gas in reduction shaft furnace 4 and carries out reduction reaction with the raw material such as the ore to add from reduction shaft furnace 4 top, the granularity of the semicoke produced after destructive distillation between 10-35mm, the fugitive constituent V of semicoke
dbe 6%, fixed carbon FC
dbe 79%, semicoke added in melting gasification furnace 2, pass into 530NM simultaneously
3the pure oxygen of/tHM, the production pressure controlling melting gasification furnace 2 is 0.3MPa, and produce molten iron product, its index is as shown in table 1.The reacted coal gas of reduction shaft furnace 4 exports after the cyclone dust removal of hot tornado dust collector 5.
Embodiment 2
By the lump coal of granularity between 0-60mm, its fugitive constituent V
dbe 30%, ash content A
dbe 14% add in gas retort, at pyrolysis temperature is 600 DEG C, carry out low-temperature pyrolysis, the coal gas produced after destructive distillation mixes with the reducing gas 1030 DEG C from melting gasification furnace, cyclone dust removal, the H after testing of the coal gas after dedusting
2+ CO content is 84%, is passed into by this reducing gas in reduction shaft furnace and carries out reduction reaction with the raw material such as the ore to add from reduction shaft furnace top, the granularity of the semicoke produced after destructive distillation between 8-35mm, the fugitive constituent V of semicoke
dbe 5%, fixed carbon FC
dbe 80%, semicoke added in melting gasification furnace, pass into 540NM simultaneously
3the pure oxygen of/tHM, the production pressure controlling melting gasification furnace is 0.32MPa, and produce molten iron product, its index is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 3
By the lump coal of granularity between 0-60mm, its fugitive constituent V
dbe 35%, ash content A
dbe 10% add in gas retort, at pyrolysis temperature is 700 DEG C, carry out low-temperature pyrolysis, the coal gas produced after destructive distillation mixes with the reducing gas 1100 DEG C from melting gasification furnace, cyclone dust removal, the H after testing of the coal gas after dedusting
2+ CO content is 85%, is passed into by this reducing gas in reduction shaft furnace and carries out reduction reaction with the raw material such as the ore to add from shaft furnace top, the granularity of the semicoke produced after destructive distillation between 10-37mm, the fugitive constituent V of semicoke
dbe 5%, fixed carbon FC
dbe 82%, semicoke added in melting gasification furnace, pass into 550NM simultaneously
3the pure oxygen of/tHM, the production pressure controlling vapourizing furnace is 0.35MPa, and produce molten iron product, its index is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 hot metal composition
| Composition | C | Si | Mn | S | P |
| Embodiment 1 | 4.44 | 0.71 | 0.101 | 0.0163 | 0.085 |
| Embodiment 2 | 4.51 | 0.76 | 0.106 | 0.0233 | 0.1 |
| Embodiment 3 | 4.53 | 0.76 | 0.101 | 0.0165 | 0.098 |
Claims (4)
1. one kind utilizes the method for melting reduction iron making of coal gas and semicoke, it is characterized in that, the lump coal of 0 ~ 60mm is produced dry distillation gas and semicoke under 500 ~ 700 DEG C of temperature condition after pyrogenation and carbonization, dry distillation gas and the reducing gas of 1000 ~ 1100 DEG C from melting gasification furnace are after mixing, temperature enters hot tornado dust collector after being adjusted to 800 ~ 850 DEG C, reducing gas after dedusting enters reduction shaft furnace and the ore added from reduction shaft furnace top, the reverse generation reduction reaction such as coke and flux, reacted direct-reduced iron enters melting gasification furnace, semicoke after destructive distillation is also added melting gasification furnace simultaneously, qualified molten iron and slag is obtained after reaction.
2. utilize the method for melting reduction iron making of coal gas and semicoke as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the fugitive constituent V of the lump coal of use
dbetween 28 ~ 35%, ash content A
dbetween 10 ~ 14%.
3. utilize the method for melting reduction iron making of coal gas and semicoke as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the granularity of the blue charcoal of generation between 8 ~ 40mm, the V of blue charcoal
d<10%, FC
d>76%.
4. utilize the method for melting reduction iron making of coal gas and semicoke as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the reduction pressure of melting gasification furnace is 0.3 ~ 0.35MPa, and the logical pure oxygen amount of vapourizing furnace is 520 ~ 550NM
3/ tHM, enters the H in the reducing gas of reduction shaft furnace
2+ CO content is greater than 80%.
Priority Applications (1)
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410369195.7A CN105296698A (en) | 2014-07-30 | 2014-07-30 | Method for manufacturing iron by smelting reduction through gas and semicoke |
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|---|---|---|---|
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| CN105296698A true CN105296698A (en) | 2016-02-03 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107034331A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-08-11 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | The system and method for preparing sponge iron |
| CN108795457A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-13 | 东北大学 | A kind of device and method being pyrolyzed Gas Production direct reduced iron using low-order coal |
| CN110045082A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-07-23 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of measurement evaluation method of fused reduction iron-smelting medium sized coal high-temperature behavior |
| CN110129500A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-16 | 东北大学 | A kind of preparation method and preparation system of iron coke |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107034331A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-08-11 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | The system and method for preparing sponge iron |
| CN108795457A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-13 | 东北大学 | A kind of device and method being pyrolyzed Gas Production direct reduced iron using low-order coal |
| CN110045082A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-07-23 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of measurement evaluation method of fused reduction iron-smelting medium sized coal high-temperature behavior |
| CN110045082B (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2021-11-09 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method for measuring and evaluating high-temperature performance of lump coal in smelting reduction iron making |
| CN110129500A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-16 | 东北大学 | A kind of preparation method and preparation system of iron coke |
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Application publication date: 20160203 |
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