CN105279310A - Optimization design method for module distribution structure in concentrated solar photovoltaic system - Google Patents
Optimization design method for module distribution structure in concentrated solar photovoltaic system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optimization design method for a module distribution structure in a concentrated solar photovoltaic system. The method comprises: firstly, establishing an effective analysis model of a concentrated photovoltaic module by comprehensively considering a direct solar radiation spectrum of a system installation place, a light-gathering optical processing effect and a physical mechanism of a concentrated solar cell; and secondly, analyzing a generation mechanism of a thermal runaway phenomenon of the concentrated solar cell, and performing optimization design on a spacing between every two adjacent modules and a module distribution structure in the concentrated solar photovoltaic system by taking a prevention requirement of the thermal runaway phenomenon of the concentrated solar cell as a standard. According to the method, the optimization design of the module distribution structure of the concentrated photovoltaic system can be realized, so that the generated power output and system occupied area performance of the concentrated photovoltaic system can be comprehensively improved; and meanwhile, effective introduction of a temperature parameter in a system model can realize comprehensive analysis and effective control of the thermal runaway phenomenon of the concentrated solar cell.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solar photovoltaic technology field, relate to the Optimization Design of module distributed architecture in a kind of concentrating solar photovoltaic system, particularly relate to a kind of module distribution Optimization Design of the concentrating solar power generation system based on GaInP/GaInAs/Ge three-joint solar cell.
Background technology
The generating output of solar photovoltaic generation system and floor area weigh two important indicators of system performance.For concentrating solar photovoltaic generating system, owing to adopting tracking control technology and III-V race's many knots concentrating solar battery, direct sunlight can be caught to greatest extent, make systems generate electricity usefulness far above fixed flat planar crystal silicon photovoltaic electricity generation system.In order to make the generating yield maximization of concentrating solar photovoltaic system, require that the time of the system keeps track sun will certainly be long, following the tracks of angle also can be larger, and under the condition ensureing not shading between module, the floor area of system also can be larger.If reduce system footprint area, certainly will shorten adjacent module pitch, thus cause the shading phenomenon that occurs in system keeps track sun process between module, this can reduce systems generate electricity output again.In addition, single condensation photovoltaic module is generally all made up of multiple light focusing unit, the corresponding GaInP/GaAs/Ge three-joint solar cell of each light focusing unit.For the requirement of the external output voltage of concentration photovoltaic system and electric current, adopt between different solar cell in single module and be connected in series mode, parallel way is then adopted to connect between different module, can cause when module shading is serious occurring larger difference between different module output voltage, the module that output voltage is less has filling electric current and injects from outside, thus causes the thermal runaway phenomenon of module internal light-focusing solar battery.
Therefore, the generating output of undue pursuit concentrating solar photovoltaic system or floor area are all unfavorable for effective lifting of overall system performance, must seek both optimal balance points.Current country does one's utmost to promote distributed photovoltaic, and has put into effect a series of policy favourable.And all there is the limited situation of area in a lot of application scenarios (such as building roof) of distributed photovoltaic, maximum electricity is sent in order to utilize limited area, design must be optimized for the module distributed architecture in concentrating solar photovoltaic system, both effective land area utilization rate of system had been improved, effectively can avoid again the solar cell thermal runaway phenomenon that in system, between module, shading causes, thus overall system performance is optimized.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to provide a kind of Optimization Design for module distributed architecture in concentrating solar photovoltaic system, by to the mechanism of production of concentrating solar battery thermal runaway phenomenon and take precautions against requirement and carry out multianalysis, realize the optimization to concentrating solar photovoltaic overall system performance.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the Optimization Design of module distributed architecture in a kind of concentrating solar photovoltaic system, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step 1: utilize atmospheric radiation transmission, in conjunction with geography and the meteorologic parameter of concentrating solar photovoltaic system infield, obtains the direct light modal data inciding concentrating solar photovoltaic system;
Step 2: utilize the external quantum efficiency EQE data of GaInP/GaInAs/Ge tri-junction battery each knot battery and the temperature correlated characteristic E of each knot cell band gap energy under the room temperature of actual measurement
gi(T) obtain the EQE data of each knot battery under condition of different temperatures, wherein i=1,2,3, i is three junction battery PN junction sequence numbers;
Step 3: determine that the initial installing space of adjacent module is d
x0and d
y0, ensure that the actual floor area of system is 50% of fixed flat planar crystal silicon photovoltaic system footprint area in the case; Wherein d
x0for North and South direction data and d
y0for east-west direction data;
Step 4: due to each module equidistant distributing installation and synchronous sun tracking on north and south and east-west direction, determine module limiting case in actual tracing process, and will occur that the module of limiting case is as specific module; Wherein limiting case is shading-area and sun direct projection irradiance product maximum moment and system inflection point;
Step 5: the limiting case determined in integrating step 4, set up the light-gathering optics disposal system model of specific module, direct light modal data step 1 obtained is as this light-gathering optics disposal system model of input data importing, take into account ray tracing effect and ray tracing time, the amount of light of solar source is set, is obtained spectroscopic data and the light distribution on each battery receptacle surface in module by ray tracing;
Step 6: set up equivalent-circuit model for GaInP/GaInAs/Ge tri-junction battery; In the module obtained in the EQE data of each knot battery obtained in integrating step 2 again under condition of different temperatures and step 5, the spectroscopic data on each battery receptacle surface and light distribution calculate the short-circuit current I of each knot battery
sci, and it can be used as input data to substitute into the equivalent-circuit model of three junction batteries;
Step 7: assuming that each three junction battery temperature in same module are identical, in conjunction with each three junction battery in specific module be connected in series and the situation of being connected in parallel between different module calculates specific module at initial temperature T
ni-V family curve under condition; Determine the operating voltage of specific module, and the Injection Current of this module under calculating this operating voltage condition; Determine the temperature variation of this module according to injected value of current, and adjust the band-gap energy E of each knot battery material of its three junction battery according to the temperature correlated characteristic of the new work temperature+Δ T of this module and semiconductor material band-gap energy
gi(T+ Δ T) and dark recombination current I
0ni, I
1ni; Wherein i=1,2,3, i is three junction battery PN junction sequence numbers;
Step 8: repeat step 7, iterate, if obtain T
n+1=T
n, I
0, n+1, i=I
0ni, I
1, n+1, i=I
1ni, then represent shading three junction battery and do not occur thermal runaway phenomenon, can not battery be damaged, now obtain the installing space d of adjacent module
xand d
y; Sharply rise if there is certain moment temperature value, then illustrate that the appearance of shading situation causes three junction batteries to occur thermal runaway, then suitably increase adjacent module installing space, and then the step 4 described in revolution execution.
As preferably, the light-gathering optics disposal system model setting up specific module described in step 5 is the light-gathering optics disposal system model setting up specific module based on Zemax optical simulation software.
As preferably, setting up equivalent-circuit model described in step 6 for GaInP/GaInAs/Ge tri-junction battery, is set up equivalent-circuit model based on PSPICE circuit simulating software for GaInP/GaInAs/Ge tri-junction battery.
According to the method for the invention, the optimal design of concentration photovoltaic system module distributed architecture can be realized, this will contribute to the comprehensive lifting of concentration photovoltaic system generating output and system footprint area performance, meanwhile, in system model, effective introducing of temperature parameter can realize the multianalysis of concentrating solar battery thermal runaway phenomenon and effectively control.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: the schematic flow sheet being the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2: the system utilizing SMARTS2 the to calculate installation ground direct sunlight spectrogram being the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3: be the external quantum efficiency curve map under the GaInP/GaInAs/Ge three-joint solar cell condition of different temperatures of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4: be the light-collecting optical structure of the embodiment of the present invention and output spectrum data thereof and the surface of intensity distribution.
Fig. 5: be the electrical connection diagram in the inner schematic equivalent circuit of optically focused three-joint solar cell of the embodiment of the present invention and module between each three junction batteries.
Fig. 6: be each module I-V measurement result in the concentrating solar photovoltaic system of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7: the concentration photovoltaic system each module installation distributed architecture schematic diagram being the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Understand for the ease of those of ordinary skill in the art and implement the present invention, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail, should be appreciated that exemplifying embodiment described herein is only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Ask for an interview Fig. 1, the Optimization Design of module distributed architecture in a kind of concentrating solar photovoltaic system provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: utilize atmospheric radiation transmission, in conjunction with geography and the meteorologic parameter of concentrating solar photovoltaic system infield, obtains the direct light modal data inciding concentrating solar photovoltaic system;
The present embodiment is the sun direct projection good fortune brightness value utilizing SMARTS2 to obtain corresponding actual concentrating solar photovoltaic system infield atmospheric conditions.Wherein in SMARTS2, input variable condition is: 1. local atmospheric pressure is 100.125kpa; 2. sea level elevation is 0.023km; 3. ground relative humidity 78%; 4. gas concentration lwevel is 370ppmv; 5. the column abundance that ozonosphere is total is 0.158atm-cm; 6. troposphere is except being carbonoxide, and outside the column abundance that ozonosphere is total, the column volume concentrations of other gas gets standard value; 7. aerosols from major cities pattern is selected; 8. the aerosol optical depth at 500nm place is 0.16; 9. solar constant is 1367W/m2, and ignores calculating illuminance, Photosynthetic Efficiency, and photosynthetically active radiation and special ultraviolet broadband calculate; 10. sun angle of circumference is defaulted as 180 °, after inputting above data, can obtain the sun direct projection degree illumination data of infield, as shown in Figure 2.
Step 2: utilize the external quantum efficiency EQE data of GaInP/GaInAs/Ge tri-junction battery each knot battery and the temperature correlated characteristic E of each knot cell band gap energy under the room temperature of actual measurement
gi(T) obtain the EQE data of each knot battery under condition of different temperatures, wherein i=1,2,3, i is three junction battery PN junction sequence numbers;
The present embodiment utilizes the external quantum efficiency EQE data (see Fig. 3 (a)) of GaInP/GaInAs/Ge tri-junction battery each knot battery and the temperature correlated characteristic E of each knot cell band gap energy under the room temperature of actual measurement (298K)
gi(T), and rationally introduce linear interpolation method, finally obtain the EQE data of each knot battery under condition of different temperatures.In the present embodiment, 9 modules of concentration photovoltaic system are finally operated in 294K, 303K and 306K tri-temperature values respectively, and Fig. 3 (b)-(d) sets forth the EQE data of GaInP/GaInAs/Ge tri-junction battery these three temperature values corresponding.
Step 3: determine that the initial installing space of adjacent module is d
x0and d
y0, ensure that the actual floor area of system is 50% of fixed flat planar crystal silicon photovoltaic system footprint area in the case; Wherein d
x0for North and South direction data and d
y0for east-west direction data;
Step 4: due to each module equidistant distributing installation and synchronous sun tracking on north and south and east-west direction, determine module limiting case in actual tracing process, and will occur that the module of limiting case is as specific module; Wherein limiting case is shading-area and sun direct projection irradiance product maximum moment and system inflection point;
Step 5: the limiting case determined in integrating step 4, and the light-gathering optics disposal system model of specific module is set up based on Zemax optical simulation software, direct light modal data step 1 obtained is as this light-gathering optics disposal system model of input data importing, take into account ray tracing effect and ray tracing time, the amount of light of solar source is rationally set, is obtained spectroscopic data and the light distribution on each battery receptacle surface in module by ray tracing;
The single light focusing unit structure of the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 4 (a), is tied stacked solar cell assembly 5 and the battery passive type hot cell 6 that falls apart by clear glass 1, SOG Fresnel Lenses 2, high reflectance parabolic mirror 3, secondary optics unit 4, three and is formed.Result step 1 obtained is as this optical model of input data importing, the amount of light of solar source is rationally set, is obtained spectroscopic data (see Fig. 4 (b)) and the light distribution (see Fig. 4 (c)) on each battery receptacle surface in module by ray tracing.
Step 6: optically focused three junction battery that the present embodiment adopts is of a size of 5.5mm × 5.5mm, as can be seen from Fig. 4 (c), the energy distribution on battery is comparatively even, and two-dimentional lump type equivalent-circuit model therefore can be adopted to analyze battery behavior.
Equivalent-circuit model is set up for GaInP/GaInAs/Ge tri-junction battery based on PSPICE circuit simulating software; In the module obtained in the EQE data of each knot battery obtained in integrating step 2 again under condition of different temperatures and step 5, the spectroscopic data on each battery receptacle surface and light distribution calculate the short-circuit current I of each knot battery
sci, and it can be used as input data to substitute into the equivalent-circuit model of three junction batteries;
Whole concentrating solar photovoltaic generating system in the present embodiment is made up of 9 identical power generation module group, and each power generation module group is in series on electrically by 35 three-joint solar cells again, and different power generation module group is connected in parallel on electrically.Each three junction battery parameters used in supposing the system are completely the same, then can obtain the equivalent-circuit model of module and system according to the series/parallel connection of each battery in system.Fig. 5 gives the electrical connection schematic diagram in the duodiode equivalent-circuit model of single three junction batteries and module, system between each three junction batteries.
Step 7: assuming that each three junction battery temperature in same module are identical, in conjunction with each three junction battery in specific module be connected in series and the situation of being connected in parallel between different module calculates specific module at initial temperature T
ni-V family curve under condition, as shown in Figure 6; Determine the operating voltage of specific module, and the Injection Current of this module under calculating this operating voltage condition; Determine the temperature variation of this module according to injected value of current, and adjust the band-gap energy E of each knot battery material of its three junction battery according to the temperature correlated characteristic of the new work temperature+Δ T of this module and semiconductor material band-gap energy
gi(T+ Δ T) and dark recombination current I
0ni, I
1ni; Wherein i=1,2,3, i is three junction battery PN junction sequence numbers;
Step 8: repeat step 7, iterate, if obtain T
n+1=T
n, I
0, n+1, i=I
0ni, I
1, n+1, i=I
1ni, then represent shading three junction battery and do not occur thermal runaway phenomenon, can not battery be damaged, now obtain the installing space d of adjacent module
xand d
y; Sharply rise if there is certain moment temperature value, then illustrate that the appearance of shading situation causes three junction batteries to occur thermal runaway, then suitably increase adjacent module installing space, and then the step 4 described in revolution execution.
As shown in Figure 7, for reducing concentration photovoltaic system floor area in the present embodiment, tracker adopts pole axis structure, and polar angle is 30 °, and module north-south and East and West direction maximum rotation angle are respectively 30 ° and 45 °, can comprehensive tracking solar azimuth to greatest extent.As can be seen from Figure 6, the maximum shading size between the module adjacent with East and West direction of north-south is respectively 44mm and 120mm, after above-mentioned steps optimization, obtain d
x=790mm and d
y=1250mm.
Should be understood that, the part that this instructions does not elaborate all belongs to prior art.
Should be understood that; the above-mentioned description for preferred embodiment is comparatively detailed; therefore the restriction to scope of patent protection of the present invention can not be thought; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; do not departing under the ambit that the claims in the present invention protect; can also make and replacing or distortion, all fall within protection scope of the present invention, request protection domain of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (3)
1. the Optimization Design of module distributed architecture in concentrating solar photovoltaic system, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step 1: utilize atmospheric radiation transmission, in conjunction with geography and the meteorologic parameter of concentrating solar photovoltaic system infield, obtains the direct light modal data inciding concentrating solar photovoltaic system;
Step 2: utilize the external quantum efficiency EQE data of GaInP/GaInAs/Ge tri-junction battery each knot battery and the temperature correlated characteristic E of each knot cell band gap energy under the room temperature of actual measurement
gi(T) obtain the EQE data of each knot battery under condition of different temperatures, wherein i=1,2,3, i is three junction battery PN junction sequence numbers;
Step 3: determine that the initial installing space of adjacent module is d
x0and d
y0, ensure that the actual floor area of system is 50% of fixed flat planar crystal silicon photovoltaic system footprint area in the case; Wherein d
x0for North and South direction data and d
y0for east-west direction data;
Step 4: due to each module equidistant distributing installation and synchronous sun tracking on north and south and east-west direction, determine module limiting case in actual tracing process, and will occur that the module of limiting case is as specific module; Wherein limiting case is shading-area and sun direct projection irradiance product maximum moment and system inflection point;
Step 5: the limiting case determined in integrating step 4, set up the light-gathering optics disposal system model of specific module, direct light modal data step 1 obtained is as this light-gathering optics disposal system model of input data importing, take into account ray tracing effect and ray tracing time, the amount of light of solar source is set, is obtained spectroscopic data and the light distribution on each battery receptacle surface in module by ray tracing;
Step 6: set up equivalent-circuit model for GaInP/GaInAs/Ge tri-junction battery; In the module obtained in the EQE data of each knot battery obtained in integrating step 2 again under condition of different temperatures and step 5, the spectroscopic data on each battery receptacle surface and light distribution calculate the short-circuit current I of each knot battery
sci, and it can be used as input data to substitute into the equivalent-circuit model of three junction batteries;
Step 7: assuming that each three junction battery temperature in same module are identical, in conjunction with each three junction battery in specific module be connected in series and the situation of being connected in parallel between different module calculates specific module at initial temperature T
ni-V family curve under condition; Determine the operating voltage of specific module, and the Injection Current of this module under calculating this operating voltage condition; Determine the temperature variation of this module according to injected value of current, and adjust the band-gap energy E of each knot battery material of its three junction battery according to the temperature correlated characteristic of the new work temperature+Δ T of this module and semiconductor material band-gap energy
gi(T+ Δ T) and dark recombination current I
0ni, I
1ni; Wherein i=1,2,3, i is three junction battery PN junction sequence numbers;
Step 8: repeat step 7, iterate, if obtain T
n+1=T
n, I
0, n+1, i=I
0ni, I
1, n+1, i=I
1ni, then represent shading three junction battery and do not occur thermal runaway phenomenon, can not battery be damaged, now obtain the installing space d of adjacent module
xand d
y; Sharply rise if there is certain moment temperature value, then illustrate that the appearance of shading situation causes three junction batteries to occur thermal runaway, then suitably increase adjacent module installing space, and then the step 4 described in revolution execution.
2. the Optimization Design of module distributed architecture in concentrating solar photovoltaic system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the light-gathering optics disposal system model setting up specific module described in step 5, is the light-gathering optics disposal system model setting up specific module based on Zemax optical simulation software.
3. the Optimization Design of module distributed architecture in concentrating solar photovoltaic system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: set up equivalent-circuit model for GaInP/GaInAs/Ge tri-junction battery described in step 6, is set up equivalent-circuit model based on PSPICE circuit simulating software for GaInP/GaInAs/Ge tri-junction battery.
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| CN113343410A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-09-03 | 武汉凹伟能源科技有限公司 | Optimal parameter solving method of photovoltaic cell model |
| CN114186390A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-03-15 | 南京大学 | Method for rapidly optimizing two-end laminated solar cell in real environment |
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