CN105277518A - Water quality chromaticity measuring method and apparatus - Google Patents
Water quality chromaticity measuring method and apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN105277518A CN105277518A CN201510740140.7A CN201510740140A CN105277518A CN 105277518 A CN105277518 A CN 105277518A CN 201510740140 A CN201510740140 A CN 201510740140A CN 105277518 A CN105277518 A CN 105277518A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of water quality detection, particularly to a water quality chromaticity measuring method and apparatus. The method comprises the following steps: illuminating a sample to be detected by adopting parallel light; receiving: respectively receiving measured light intensity of transmission light and scattered light in the parallel light transmission direction and on a preset position perpendicular to the parallel light transmission direction; calculating an attenuation coefficient of the sample to be detected for the light according to the measured light intensity of the transmission light in the parallel light transmission direction; according to the attenuation coefficient and the measured light intensity of the scattered light perpendicular to the parallel light transmission direction, calculating compensation light intensity, and obtaining turbidity of the sample to be detected by virtue of the compensation light intensity; and on the basis of the attenuation coefficient and turbidity, calculating the chromaticity of the sample to be detected. The apparatus comprises a body, and light source, at least two light detectors and a blender, which are arranged on the body. By adopting the water quality chromaticity measuring method and apparatus, the measuring precision and reliability are improved, and the nonlinear problem caused by the high turbidity of the water sample during the water quality chromaticity measurement can be overcome.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of water quality detection, particularly relate to measuring method and the device of water quality colourity.
Background technology
The colourity of water quality is the important parameter in the water-quality guideline specified in drinking water standard GB5749-2006, is the key index ensureing water body health and masses' drinking water safety.The detection of water quality colourity has very great meaning, and the validity of various detection method and the concrete comfort level implemented, be also the key of water quality detection undoubtedly.
According to GB GB11903-89, the optical property of the definitions of color of water for a change visible light transmissive spectrum; The apparent colour of water is defined as the color produced by dissolved substance and indissolubility suspension, measures with the primary sample of filtered or centrifuging; And the true colors of water is defined as the color only produced by dissolved substance, with the sample determination through 0.45 micron membrane filter metre filter; Standard unit's degree of being of colourity, for the color produced when containing 2mg cobalt chloride hexahydrate (II) and 1mg platinum (form with chlordene platinum (IV) acid) in often liter of solution is 1 degree.
At present, the measurement of water quality colourity, defines the assay method of two kinds of water quality colourities according to GB GB11903-89, one is platinum-cobalt method, and one is extension rate method.The water that the former is applicable to clean water, slight pollution yellowish are adjusted, the cleaner day water, underground water and potable water etc.; The latter is applicable to pollute the more serious day water and industrial waste water.Two kinds of methods independently use, and generally do not have comparability, and inapplicable when the shade of color of sample and standard solution is inconsistent.Platinum-cobalt method adopts potassium chloroplatinate and cobalt chloride preparation color standard solutions, carries out visual comparison, with the color intensity of working sample and colourity with sample.And extension rate method is by sample optics pure water dilution, until with visual relatively after, extension rate when just cannot see color compared with optical voidness water is as the intensity expressing color.In the various document about water quality colour measurement, except the method based on above-mentioned two kinds of standard tests, spectrometer is utilized to carry out optical transmission method for measuring in addition.
But platinum-cobalt method needs to use expensive reagent to the measurement of colourity, and the reagent holding time is short, and cost is high; In addition Measuring Time is long, and complicated operation is inconvenient, and visual colorimetric determination exists the problem of larger subjective error.Extension rate method is to the measurement of colourity without the need to using expensive reagent, and cost is low, but it is long to there is Measuring Time equally, and complicated operation is inconvenient, the visual problem that more also there is larger subjective error.Spectrophotometer method avoids subjective error, but cost needs expensive heavy instrument.In addition, said method all needs to clarify water sample, and the high concentrtion caused to prevent suspension affects colorimetric and judges, does not reach the requirement of real-time.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, be necessary the problem for how solving the non-linear effects that water sample high concentrtion causes, a kind of measuring method of easy to operate, high precision, real-time water quality colourity is provided.
Also be necessary the problem for how solving the non-linear effects that water sample high concentrtion causes, a kind of measurement mechanism of easy to operate, high precision, real-time water quality colourity is provided.
A measuring method for water quality colourity, comprises the steps:
Directional light is adopted to irradiate determinand sample;
Receiving step: at the predeterminated position of parallel light propagation direction and vertical parallel optical propagation direction, receives the actual measurement light intensity of transmitted light and scattered light respectively;
Determinand sample is calculated to the attenuation coefficient of light according to the actual measurement light intensity of the transmitted light in parallel light propagation direction;
According to the actual measurement light intensity of the scattered light of attenuation coefficient and vertical parallel optical propagation direction, calculate compensation light intensity, and calculate by compensating light intensity the turbidity obtaining determinand sample;
Based on attenuation coefficient and turbidity, calculate the colourity of determinand sample.
Wherein in an embodiment, when adopting directional light to irradiate determinand sample, also obtain the incident intensity of directional light.
Wherein in an embodiment, described receiving step is specially:
Open directional light and irradiate determinand sample, receive the common light intensity of transmitted light and scattered light at predeterminated position;
Close directional light, receive background light intensity at predeterminated position;
According to common light intensity subtracting background light intensity, obtain actual measurement light intensity.
A measurement mechanism for water quality colourity, comprising: body, and is arranged at the light source of described body, at least two photo-detectors and stirrer;
Described body has accommodating cavity, and it is for accommodating determinand sample;
Described light source and each described photo-detector are positioned at the periphery of described accommodating cavity, and,
Described body is respectively arranged with photo-detector described at least one in the optical propagation direction of described light source and the optical propagation direction of vertical described light source;
Described stirrer is arranged in described accommodating cavity, for stirring this determinand sample when described accommodating cavity loads described determinand sample.
Wherein in an embodiment, described light source comprises infrarede emitting diode and lens, and described lens are arranged near described accommodating cavity, for the light of described infrarede emitting diode is converted into parallel beam.
Wherein in an embodiment, comprise two photo-detectors, it is respectively the first photo-detector and the second photo-detector, described first photo-detector is arranged at the parallel position that described body is positioned at the optical propagation direction of described light source, and described second photo-detector is arranged at the vertical position of described body perpendicular to the optical propagation direction of described light source.
Wherein in an embodiment, described body comprises the first installation position to the 3rd installation position, wherein, described first installation position and described second is positioned at same straight line, and, described first installation position and described second installation position lay respectively at the both sides of described accommodating cavity, and described 3rd installation position is positioned at vertically described first installation position of described accommodating cavity and the side of described second installation position line.
Wherein in an embodiment, the distance of the first installation position and the second installation position is L, and wherein, L equals the width of described accommodating cavity.
Wherein in an embodiment, described 3rd installation position is M apart from the distance of described first installation position and described second installation position line, and wherein, M equals the light path of directional light and the vertical range of described second photo-detector.
Wherein in an embodiment, described light source is arranged at described first installation position, and described first photo-detector is arranged at described second installation position, and described second photo-detector is arranged at described 3rd installation position.
Wherein in an embodiment, described stirrer comprises force piece and stirs part, and described force piece is connected with described stirring parts, for providing rotating force for described stirring parts; Described force piece is arranged at described body, and described stirring part one end connects in described force piece, and the other end is suspended in described accommodating cavity.
The measuring method of above-mentioned water quality colourity and device, by utilizing transmitted light to carry out the compensation of absorption coefficient in water sample to scattered light, carrying out strict an angle of 90 degrees scattering to scattered light simultaneously, improve the degree of accuracy of measurement and easy expenditure; Meanwhile, the nonlinear problem that in water quality colour measurement, water sample high concentrtion causes is overcome; Further, light path design is simple, compact overall structure, practical.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the measuring method of one embodiment of the invention water quality colourity;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the measurement mechanism of one embodiment of the invention water quality colourity;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of further embodiment of this invention measurement mechanism;
Fig. 4 is the schematic flow sheet that further embodiment of this invention measures colourity.
Embodiment
For enabling above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage become apparent more, are described in detail the specific embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Set forth a lot of detail in the following description so that fully understand the present invention.But the present invention can be much different from alternate manner described here to implement, those skilled in the art can when without prejudice to doing similar improvement when intension of the present invention, therefore the present invention is by the restriction of following public specific embodiment.
It should be noted that, when element is called as " being fixed on ", " being arranged at " another element, directly can there is element placed in the middle in it on another element or also.When an element is considered to " connection " another element, it can be directly connected to another element or may there is centering elements simultaneously.Term as used herein " vertical ", " level ", "left", "right" and similar statement just for illustrative purposes, do not represent it is unique embodiment.
It should be noted that, determinand sample refers to the material needing to carry out colour measurement, and such as, this determinand sample comprises: water sample to be measured, air to be measured, translucent solid to be measured etc.In the present embodiment, be water sample to be measured with this determinand sample, the invention will be further elaborated.
Refer to Fig. 1, it is the steps flow chart schematic diagram of the measuring method of one embodiment of the invention colourity, and the measuring method of colourity, comprises the steps:
S11, employing directional light irradiate determinand sample.Such as, when adopting directional light to irradiate determinand sample, the incident intensity of directional light is also obtained.Such as, incident intensity is I
0.
Such as, determinand sample is water sample to be measured.Such as, water sample to be measured is contained into transparent vessel, adopt directional light to irradiate water sample to be measured in transparent vessel side.
Such as, the step obtaining directional light is: utilize lens, the diverging light of light source is converted to directional light.Such as, light source comprises LED.Such as, one lens are set in transparent vessel side, adopt LED to irradiate these lens and pass through the distance of adjustment LED and lens, obtaining the directional light formed after lens.Such as, LED comprises infraluminescence LED pipe, i.e. infrarede emitting diode.
In order to reduce determinand sample to the absorption of light intensity and keep light intensity to be steady state value, such as, adopting wavelength to be that the infraluminescence LED pipe of the current constant of 880nm sends incident light, being converted into directional light through lens, then through entering after transparent vessel in water sample to be measured.So, adopt infraluminescence LED pipe can reduce the absorption of determinand sample to light intensity, and infraluminescence LED pipe sends the light of constant intensity to adopt constant electric current to ensure, the light intensity of the light namely sent remains constant, thus improve the accuracy measured.
Such as, when directional light irradiates determinand sample, the light path of directional light and horizontal direction parallel.
S12, receiving step: at the predeterminated position of parallel light propagation direction and vertical parallel optical propagation direction, receive the actual measurement light intensity of transmitted light and scattered light respectively.
Such as, utilize at least two photo-detectors at the predeterminated position of parallel light propagation direction and vertical parallel optical propagation direction, receive the actual measurement light intensity of transmitted light and scattered light respectively.Such as, utilize two photo-detectors, be separately positioned on the predeterminated position of parallel light propagation direction and vertical parallel optical propagation direction, two photo-detectors are respectively used to the actual measurement light intensity receiving transmitted light and scattered light.
Such as, described receiving step is specially: open directional light and irradiate determinand sample, receive the common light intensity of transmitted light and scattered light at predeterminated position, then, close directional light, receive background light intensity at predeterminated position, finally, according to common light intensity subtracting background light intensity, thus obtain actual measurement light intensity.
Such as, open directional light and irradiate determinand sample, namely infraluminescence LED pipe works on power, and sends diverging light, and diverging light is converted to directional light after lens, irradiates determinand sample by directional light.Such as, close directional light, namely the power-off of infraluminescence LED pipe stops luminous, and now, the light in environment will irradiate water sample to be measured and be received by photo-detector induction.Defining the light intensity obtained by the light in environment is background light intensity.Known, this background light intensity affects the test of turbidity and colourity.Therefore, need subtracting background light intensity, thus obtain actual measurement light intensity.
Such as, two photo-detectors are separately positioned on the sidewall in the parallel light propagation direction of transparent vessel and the bottom of vertical parallel optical propagation direction, with the actual measurement light intensity making the photo-detector of the sidewall being positioned at transparent vessel receive transmitted light, be positioned at the actual measurement light intensity of the photo-detector receiving scattered light of the bottom of transparent vessel.Such as, the actual measurement light intensity of transmitted light is I
1.Such as, the actual measurement light intensity of scattered light is I
2.
Such as, photo-detector is photodiode.Such as, two photodiodes are respectively the first photodiode and the second photodiode.Such as, water sample to be measured is contained into transparent vessel, by two photodiodes and infraluminescence LED pipe in " product " font or in falling " product " set up of character patt ern on the lateral wall of transparent vessel, and, infraluminescence LED pipe and the same straight line of the first photodiode are arranged, what be namely positioned at " product " font bottom is respectively infraluminescence LED pipe and the first photodiode, " product " font top is the second photodiode, and the transmitted light of the directional light sent to make infraluminescence LED pipe after water sample to be measured can be received by photodiode.
It should be noted that, described predeterminated position refers to be determined according to the distribution of two photodiodes and infraluminescence LED pipe, when the distance of photodiode and infraluminescence LED pipe changes, and the corresponding change of described predeterminated position.
S13, calculate determinand sample to the attenuation coefficient of light according to the actual measurement light intensity of the transmitted light in parallel light propagation direction.It should be noted that, the calculating in the present embodiment is based on langbobier law, and the method adopting transmitted light to compensate on the basis of langbobier law, overcome the non-linear effects that colourity absorbs and high concentrtion causes of traditional measurement method.
Such as, the actual measurement light intensity I of transmitted light
1computing formula be: I
1=I
0e
-KTL, wherein, K is the absorption coefficient of water sample, and T is turbidity, the object namely will measured in the present embodiment, and L is the light path of transmitted light path.This calculating determinand sample to the formula of the attenuation coefficient of light is: due to when the light path L of transmitted light path is less, above formula can be approximated to be: I
1=I
0(1-KTL) attenuation coefficient (1-KTL) can, be drawn.In the present embodiment, the light path L of design transmitted light path is less light path, and in one of them embodiment, L equals the width of described accommodating cavity, and and for example, the scope of L is at 1cm-5cm.
Such as, the actual measurement light intensity I of scattered light
2computing formula be:
due to the actual measurement light intensity I of transmitted light
1along with incident intensity I
0approximately linear change, so above formula is approximately: I
2=(1-KTM) K
2i
0tL, wherein, M is the light path of scattering light path, and dx is an infinitesimal scattered light intensity on transmitted light path, K
2for scattering coefficient, such as, the scope of M is at 2cm-10cm.In the present embodiment, the light path L of design transmitted light path is less than the light path M of scattering light path, and so, attenuation coefficient is approximately (1-KTM).
S14, actual measurement light intensity according to the scattered light of attenuation coefficient and vertical parallel optical propagation direction, calculate compensation light intensity, and calculate by compensating light intensity the turbidity obtaining determinand sample.
Such as, light intensity signal is converted to voltage signal by two photodiodes, and two paths of signals outputs to central processing unit after inputting respective amplifying circuit and ADC conversion, is calculated, the turbidity value after drawing compensation by software to scattered light intensity and transmitted light intensity.
Such as, the account form compensating light intensity is:
the computing formula of this compensation light intensity derives from: I
1=I
0(1-KTL) combine
obtain
will
substitute into I
2=(1-KTM) K
2i
0tL, to obtain final product
S15, based on attenuation coefficient and turbidity, calculate the colourity of determinand sample.
Such as, from step S14:
and, from step S13:
then, by:
Can draw:
Draw the colourity of determinand sample and the actual measurement light intensity I of transmitted light
1with the actual measurement light intensity I of scattered light
2, linear, by measuring
and demarcated, namely can obtain the value of colourity.
See also Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, show for a concrete computation process, the invention will be further elaborated:
Such as, on parallel light propagation direction, directional light is L by infraluminescence LED pipe to the light path of the transmitted light path of the first photodiode.Such as, on vertical parallel optical propagation direction, the light path of the scattering light path of the second photodiode distance infraluminescence LED pipe and the first photodiode line is M.
Such as, incident intensity is I
0, the actual measurement light intensity I of the transmitted light of Transmission Attenuation
1received by the first photodiode, then have:
I
1＝I
0e
-KTL(1)
Wherein K is the absorption coefficient of water sample, and T is turbidity, and L is the light path of transmitted light path.In this enforcement, L is designed to less yardstick, to ensure that KTL is a less numerical value, so above formula can be approximately:
I
1＝I
0(1-KTL)(2)
Above formula ensure that in use range, the actual measurement light intensity I of transmitted light
1along with incident intensity I
0approximately linear change.
The actual measurement light intensity of scattered light is I
2drawn by following formula:
Wherein, M is the light path of scattering light path, M>L, because M in the present invention is very little, so attenuation coefficient is approximately (1-KTM), omits high-order term in integral process.Above formula integrand is the scattered light intensity of an infinitesimal dx on transmitted light path, obtains the scattered light intensity of whole transmission light path after integration, arrives the second photodiode after the decay of scattering light path.K
2for scattering coefficient.
Can see from (3) formula, due to the existence of the attenuation coefficient of KTM, I
2be false with the linear relationship of T.In traditional scattering method, do not consider or have ignored the impact of KTM on scattered light, so be easily subject to the high impact of absorption coefficient K high (colourity is high) or turbidity T.Transmitted light intensity I is utilized in the present invention
1, compensate KTM decay, eliminate the impact of absorption coefficient, the receiving light power proportional with turbidity can be obtained.
By (2) formula,
Obtain:
(4) formula is substituted into (3) formula, can obtain:
In formula, I '
2for the scattering receiving light power after compensated, namely compensate light intensity, itself and turbidity T are linear, can be used to Accurate Calibration turbidity T, such as, are defined as K
2i
0l calibration coefficient, can draw turbidity T by compensation light intensity divided by calibration coefficient.
The relational expression of turbidity T can be obtained from (5) formula:
In addition the expression formula of colourity K can be obtained by (2) formula:
(6) formula is substituted into (7) formula obtain:
Can see from (8) formula, colourity K and
define linear relationship, by measuring
and demarcated, the value of colourity can be obtained.
So, 90 degree of scattered lights and transmitted light two light paths are employed in the present embodiment, 90 degree of scattered lights are utilized to gather turbidity parameter, utilize the strength estimation water sample of transmitted light to the attenuation degree of incident light simultaneously, according to this dough softening, the turbidity parameter that scattering light path collects is compensated, to offset the disadvantageous non-linear effects that water sample high concentrtion causes; Overcome the problem that Measuring Time is long, subjective error is large of classic method in water quality colour measurement.
See also Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, it is the structural design schematic diagram of the measurement mechanism of one embodiment of the invention colourity and the structural representation of measurement mechanism, the measurement mechanism 10 of colourity comprises: body 100, and is arranged at light source 110, at least two photo-detectors 130 and the stirrer 140 of body 100.Such as, two photo-detectors 130 comprise the first photo-detector 131 and the second photo-detector 132.Such as, light source 110 is infraluminescence LED pipe.Such as, the infrarede emitting diode of 880nm wavelength is adopted.Such as, steady current is adopted to power to infrarede emitting diode.Such as, light source 110 comprises infrarede emitting diode 116 and lens 117, and such as, lens 117 are arranged near accommodating cavity 101, for the light of infrarede emitting diode 116 is converted into parallel beam.Such as, stirrer 140 adopts motor to provide power.
Such as, body 100 has accommodating cavity 101, and it is for accommodating determinand sample.In the present embodiment, determinand sample is water sample to be measured.Such as, the cross section of body 100 is rectangle, and it is inner that accommodating cavity 101 is opened in body 100, and such as, the cross section of accommodating cavity 101 is rectangle.Such as, body 100 offers inlet opening 102, and inlet opening 102 is communicated with accommodating cavity 101.Such as, carry water sample to be measured to carry out follow-up measurement by inlet opening 102 to accommodating cavity 101.
Such as, light source 110, first photo-detector 131 and the second photo-detector 132 are positioned at the periphery of accommodating cavity 101, and body 100 is respectively arranged with at least one photo-detector in the optical propagation direction of light source 110 and the optical propagation direction of perpendicular light source 110.
Such as, body 100 comprises the first installation position 104, installation position 103, second, the 3rd installation position 105 and the 4th installation position 106.Such as, the first installation position 104, installation position 103, second, the 3rd installation position 105 are communicated with accommodating cavity 101 with the 4th installation position 106.Such as, the first installation position 103 and the second installation position 104 are in same straight line.In the present embodiment, the first installation position 103 and the second installation position 104 are positioned on same level line.Such as, the first installation position 103 and the second installation position 104 lay respectively at the both sides of accommodating cavity 101.Such as, the 3rd installation position 105 is positioned at vertical first installation position 103 of accommodating cavity 101 and the side of the second installation position 104 line.Such as, the 4th installation position 106 is arranged on the body 100 in the middle of the first installation position 103 and the 3rd installation position 105.
Such as, the distance of the first installation position 103 and the second installation position 104 is L, and wherein, L equals the width of accommodating cavity 101.In the present embodiment, the scope of L is at 1cm-5cm, little as far as possible with the light path obtaining transmission, is convenient to the survey calculation of colourity.Such as, the 3rd installation position 105 is M apart from the distance of the first installation position 103 and the second installation position 104 line, and wherein, M equals the light path of directional light and the vertical range of the second photo-detector 132.In the present embodiment, the scope of M, at 2cm-10cm, to make the light path of scattering little as much as possible, is convenient to the survey calculation of colourity.Such as, light source 110 is arranged at the first installation position 103.Such as, the first photo-detector 131 is arranged at the second installation position 104.Such as, the second photo-detector 132 is arranged at the 3rd installation position 105.So, when the width of accommodating cavity 101 is determined, the distance of the first installation position 103 and the second installation position 104 is that namely L also determines, and then, when light source 110 is irradiated to the second installation position 104 by the first installation position 103, the light path of its transmitted light is also determined, namely the light path of transmitted light is L.Meanwhile, when light source 110 is irradiated to the second installation position 104 by the first installation position 103, the light path to the 3rd installation position 105 scattered light is also determined, namely the light path of scattered light is M.By the measuring method described in composition graphs 1, the colourity of water sample to be measured can be drawn.
Infraluminescence LED pipe and the surface contacting photodiode is infiltrated in order to prevent moisture, such as, first installation position 104, installation position 103, second and the 3rd installation position 105 are provided with watertight transparent layer 111, namely the water sample to be measured in accommodating cavity 101 is stoped to flow into the first installation position 104, installation position 103, second and the 3rd installation position 105 by watertight transparent layer 111, and, due to watertight transparent layer 111 light-permeable, ensure that the normal work of measurement mechanism.Such as, watertight transparent layer is that watertight transparent plastics are made.Such as, described watertight transparent layer 111 is the plastic casing closed, and light source and two photodiodes are fixed in closed plastic casing.Such as, the first photo-detector 131 is arranged at the parallel position that body 100 is positioned at the optical propagation direction of light source 110, i.e. the second installation position 104.Such as, the second photo-detector 132 is arranged at the vertical position of body 100 perpendicular to the optical propagation direction of light source 110, i.e. the 3rd installation position 105.So, while the normal work ensureing measurement mechanism, avoid moisture to infiltrate infraluminescence LED pipe and the surface contacting photodiode, improve the efficiency of surveying work and the serviceable life of measurement mechanism.
In order to prevent the normal work of moisture effects stirrer, such as, the 4th installation position 106 being provided with watertight transparent layer 111, namely stoping the water sample to be measured in accommodating cavity 101 to flow into the 4th installation position 106 by watertight transparent layer 111.Such as, the stirring part of stirrer is positioned at accommodating cavity, for stirring this determinand sample when accommodating cavity loads determinand sample.
Such as, stirrer 140 comprises force piece 141 and stirs part 142, and force piece 141 is connected with stirring parts 142, for providing rotating force for stirring parts 142.Such as, force piece 141 is arranged at body, and stir part 142 one end and connect in force piece 141, the other end to be suspended in accommodating cavity 101.When stirrer 140 works, force piece 141 drives stirring part 142 to rotate, and stirs part 142 and is stirred by the determinand sample in accommodating cavity 101.So, by stirring determinand sample, the suspension etc. avoided in determinand sample is suspended in the solid deposits in water, affects the normal measurement of the turbidity of determinand sample.
Refer to Fig. 4, it is the schematic flow sheet of measurement turbidity embodiment illustrated in fig. 1, composition graphs 1 and Fig. 2, and when turbidity process is measured in beginning one, first L and M determines; Then, open infraluminescence LED pipe, measure the light intensity of directional light at transmitted light path; Close infraluminescence LED, measure the background light intensity of scattering and transmitted light path; Open infraluminescence LED pipe, measure the receiving light power of scattering and transmitted light path; Close infraluminescence LED pipe, obtained surveying light intensity I by the receiving light power subtracting background light intensity of scattering and transmitted light path
1and I
2; According to formula (4):
calculating K TM; According to formula (5) calculation compensation light intensity I '
2, by compensation light intensity I '
2divided by calibration coefficient (K
2i
0l) turbidity T is calculated; Finally, (I is calculated
0-I
1)/I
2, by measuring (I
0-I
1)/I
2and demarcated, namely obtain the value of colourity K, thus terminate to measure.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) colour measurement is more accurate, utilizes transmitted light to carry out the compensation of turbidity in water sample to scattered light.
(2) structure is simple, with low cost, and this measuring method does not need complicated light path design and structural design, can obtain chromatic value accurately, convenient design and production.
Each technical characteristic of the above embodiment can combine arbitrarily, for making description succinct, the all possible combination of each technical characteristic in above-described embodiment is not all described, but, as long as the combination of these technical characteristics does not exist contradiction, be all considered to be the scope that this instructions is recorded.
The above embodiment only have expressed several embodiment of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but can not therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (10)
1. a measuring method for water quality colourity, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Directional light is adopted to irradiate determinand sample;
Receiving step: at the predeterminated position of parallel light propagation direction and vertical parallel optical propagation direction, receives the actual measurement light intensity of transmitted light and scattered light respectively;
Determinand sample is calculated to the attenuation coefficient of light according to the actual measurement light intensity of the transmitted light in parallel light propagation direction;
According to the actual measurement light intensity of the scattered light of attenuation coefficient and vertical parallel optical propagation direction, calculate compensation light intensity, and calculate by compensating light intensity the turbidity obtaining determinand sample;
Based on attenuation coefficient and turbidity, calculate the colourity of determinand sample.
2. measuring method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when adopting directional light to irradiate determinand sample, also obtains the incident intensity of directional light.
3. measuring method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described receiving step is specially:
Open directional light and irradiate determinand sample, receive the common light intensity of transmitted light and scattered light at predeterminated position;
Close directional light, receive background light intensity at predeterminated position;
According to common light intensity subtracting background light intensity, obtain actual measurement light intensity.
4. a measurement mechanism for water quality colourity, is characterized in that, comprising: body, and is arranged at the light source of described body, at least two photo-detectors and stirrer;
Described body has accommodating cavity, and it is for accommodating determinand sample;
Described light source and each described photo-detector are positioned at the periphery of described accommodating cavity, and,
Described body is respectively arranged with photo-detector described at least one in the optical propagation direction of described light source and the optical propagation direction of vertical described light source;
The stirring part of described stirrer is positioned at described accommodating cavity, for stirring this determinand sample when described accommodating cavity loads described determinand sample.
5. measurement mechanism according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described light source comprises infrarede emitting diode and lens, and described lens are arranged near described accommodating cavity, for the light of described infrarede emitting diode is converted into parallel beam.
6. measurement mechanism according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, comprise two photo-detectors, it is respectively the first photo-detector and the second photo-detector, described first photo-detector is arranged at the parallel position that described body is positioned at the optical propagation direction of described light source, and described second photo-detector is arranged at the vertical position of described body perpendicular to the optical propagation direction of described light source.
7. measurement mechanism according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described body comprises the first installation position to the 3rd installation position, wherein, described first installation position and described second is positioned at same straight line, further, described first installation position and described second installation position lay respectively at the both sides of described accommodating cavity, and described 3rd installation position is positioned at vertically described first installation position of described accommodating cavity and the side of described second installation position line.
8. measurement mechanism according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the distance of the first installation position and the second installation position is L, and wherein, L equals the width of described accommodating cavity.
9. measurement mechanism according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described 3rd installation position is M apart from the distance of described first installation position and described second installation position line, and wherein, M equals the light path of directional light and the vertical range of described second photo-detector.
10. measurement mechanism according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described light source is arranged at described first installation position, and described first photo-detector is arranged at described second installation position, and described second photo-detector is arranged at described 3rd installation position.
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| CN107907506A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-04-13 | 华东师范大学 | A kind of measuring device and method of wide-range and dynamic optimum resolution measurement silt content |
| CN107976409A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-05-01 | 上海海恒机电仪表有限公司 | A kind of new online chromascope and its detection method |
| CN111220613A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-06-02 | 西安交通大学 | Chrominance analysis device and chrominance analysis method |
| CN111624176A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-09-04 | 横河电机株式会社 | Turbidity measuring method and turbidity meter |
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