CN105277467A - Apparatus for detecting flow property of raw oil, and detection method thereof - Google Patents
Apparatus for detecting flow property of raw oil, and detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105277467A CN105277467A CN201410331270.0A CN201410331270A CN105277467A CN 105277467 A CN105277467 A CN 105277467A CN 201410331270 A CN201410331270 A CN 201410331270A CN 105277467 A CN105277467 A CN 105277467A
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Abstract
The invention relates to raw oil detection, and concretely relates to an apparatus for detecting the flow property of raw oil, and a detection method thereof. The apparatus comprises a stirring tank, a gear pump, a raw material tank, a peristaltic pump, an electronic scale, a return tank, a computer, a mass flow meter, a centrifugal pump and a constant temperature water bath tank. The detection method comprises the following steps: heating a pipeline, mixing lightweight raw oil, injecting various viscosity reduction, pour point reduction, resistance reduction and fouling resistance medicines, and detecting the pressure drop of the raw oil generated in the pipeline and the flow-out mass per unit time in order to determine an optimum raw oil conveying scheme. The apparatus has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and can guide industrialization application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crude oil to detect, be specifically related to a kind of device and the detection method thereof that detect feedstock oil flowing property.
Background technology
Crude oil is at the transport on land main tube road long distance delivery, and due to the change of temperature, pressure and environment, the wax in crude oil, colloid, bituminous matter can be deposited on tube wall and form the thick grease of one deck, decrease circulation area, increase the transporting resistance of crude oil.Particularly viscous crude or the larger oil of viscosity, because bituminous matter, colloid form large molecule micellar structure, internal friction is larger, long distance delivery is more difficult, in order to prevent forming grease and improve transport capacity, usually certain measure is taked, example: add the little light crude of certain proportion density in the crude oil that density is large according to crude oil people of different nature; Improve crude oil pipeline companion hot temperature degree; In crude oil, add macromolecule viscosity reducer, pour-point depressant etc. can improve crude oil flow speed; Add scale inhibitor and also improve crude oil and tube wall adsorptive power, reduce internal friction, reduce viscosity of crude, improve flowing property, realize the object increasing Crude Oil Transportation ability.
Except above-mentioned factor affects crude oil flow performance, the density of crude oil, pipeline diameter, pipeline pressure, the flow state etc. of crude oil in conveying all affects flow in crude monoglyceride bit time.So set up a kind of simple and direct, the method and the evaluating apparatus that detect crude oil pipeline flowing property are accurately very necessary, particularly to test under different temperatures the medicaments such as various viscosity reduction, pour point depression, drag reduction, anti-wall fouling and defeated impact is increased on crude oil, instruct long distance safe transport crude oil to have realistic meaning.
At present, similar assessment method is that CNPC and rock gas main office formulate " oil pipe drag reduction agent drag-reduction effect indoor test method ", and standard No. is SY/T6578, finds that there is some deficiency following by applying us:
The first, in evaluating, fluid used is not crude oil, but diesel oil.Present Chinese Crude Oils or viscous crude than great, viscosity is high, solidifying point is high, poor fluidity is the defeated difficult point of long distance pipe.And diesel oil and Crude oil correlation, its solidifying point and viscosity multiplicative decrease, diesel oil at normal temperature, do not add the situation current downflow of agent better, so do fluid evaluation crude oil or viscous crude performance with diesel oil, comparability is poor.
The second, constant heating and Insulation is not had.In Crude Oil Transportation, temperature is a very important condition, it is large on viscosity of crude impact, particularly colloid, bituminous matter, crude oil that wax content is high, temperature is just larger on their impact, so Crude Oil Transportation temperature of different nature is different, some crude oil is in curdled appearance at ambient temperature, cannot carry when not heating, therefore without the pipe laying existing defects in the test unit simulating reality heated and be incubated.
Three, be used as power with source nitrogen.Pipe laying is all generally with in-line pump as power, and the pumping plant that kept at a certain distance away, increase power constantly to the oil of conveying.And be used as power with nitrogen in standard, test raw material easily causes front and back pressure surge in flowing, and during front time period conveying, pressure is large, and the rear time period diminishes gradually, and the pressure promoting crude oil is non-constant.Easily seal in material at rear time period nitrogen, the material causing unit area to flow through is unstable, and in the unit interval of measurement, pipe speed quality is forbidden.
Four, bulky testing expenses are high.This standard oil pressure surge tank 1.5m
3, nitrogen pressure surge tank and the equal 1.0m of recycling can
3, doing single test needs 1 ton of diesel oil, and expense is relatively high.
Chinese patent CN102590028 " a kind of Multifunctional fluid annular channel test unit ", give also the detection method of Crude Oil Transportation.This patent is mainly used in oil well crude oil in oil field and carries toward gathering station, because the raw material of conveying is oil well crude oil out, oil well crude oil major part is water, and small part contains gas phase.Its technological process is different from the present invention, and it mainly to simulate from oil well crude oil out, and crude oil is by Oil, Water, Gas different component, and water accounts for major part, carries out hybrid detection to two or three wherein.And the crude oil of the present invention's conveying is through the crude oil of oil field gathering and transportation station processed, both without gas phase, moisture also low especially, under paper examines different temperatures, various medicament is on the impact of Crude Oil Transportation, and both objects and method are all had any different.
Current domestic and foreign literature does not all find evaluation method to the viscosity reduction taked in crude oil (comprising viscous crude) long distance delivery, drag reduction, speedup, step-down measure and device.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of device detecting feedstock oil flowing property, have the advantages that structure is simple, be easy to operation, it is by under the various condition of contrast, the Pressure Drop that feedstock oil produces in pipeline or flow out the difference of quality in the unit interval, best Crude Oil Transportation scheme can be optimized, thus instruct industrial applications; The present invention provides its detection method simultaneously.
The device of detection feedstock oil flowing property of the present invention, comprises stirred pot, gear-type pump, head tank, peristaltic pump, electronic scales, return tank, computing machine, mass flowmeter, centrifugal pump and constant temperature water bath; Head tank inside arranges sinuous coil, and constant temperature water bath inside arranges horizontal coil pipe, wherein:
Stirred pot connects gear-type pump, head tank, peristaltic pump, constant temperature water bath horizontal coil pipe, mass flowmeter, return tank composition oil circuit successively;
Head tank sinuous coil, constant temperature water bath composition is provided the water circulation system of power by centrifugal pump; The inner set temperature of constant temperature water bath measures mouth;
Bottom return tank, electronic scales is set; Mass flowmeter, electronic scales are all connected with computing machine;
In the horizontal coil pipe of constant temperature water bath, interval arranges pressure transducer, pressure transducer is connected with computing machine, horizontal coil pipe import and horizontal coil pipe export equal set temperature and measure mouth, horizontal coil pipe bottom arranges electric heating tube, horizontal coil pipe top arranges circulating water inlet, water bath with thermostatic control trench bottom sets out water hole, and apopore is connected with circulating water outlet pipe.
Weldless steel tube wherein: the preferred DN1/2 of constant temperature water bath inner horizontal coil pipe ", horizontal positioned, evenly distributed; two ends U-bolt is fixed; weldless steel tube outside diameter tolerance≤± 1.00%, wall thickness deviation≤± 0.20, the caliber of revolution minimum bending radius >=10 times, two ends; In horizontal coil pipe, uniform intervals arranges 3-10 pressure transducer, preferably 4 pressure transducers, and constant temperature water bath skin arranges the thick insulation asbestos layer of 40mm; Water bath with thermostatic control trench bottom offers 3-10 apopore, preferably 3.The object that apopore is arranged is that ensure that trough inner water is heated evenly, temperature is consistent after tank Inner eycle water starts.
The vertical direction of circulating water inlet is the recirculated water auxiliary tube that is connected with circulating water inlet of uniform setting successively, and the quantity of recirculated water auxiliary tube is 3-8, and recirculated water auxiliary tube bottom even offers the pore of N number of diameter >=6mm.
Device of the present invention is by taking different way to heterogeneity crude oil; As heated, mix light crude or inject the measures such as various viscosity reduction, pour point depression, drag reduction, good antiscale property medicament to pipeline, dynamic similation pipe conveying procedure, the Pressure Drop produced in the duct crude oil, the quality flowed out in the unit interval detect, and optimize best Crude Oil Transportation scheme according to result.
Use the method for the detection crude oil flow performance of described device, comprise the following steps:
(1) in stirred pot, feedstock oil is mixed with auxiliary agent, stir, obtain mixed crude oil; And stirred pot and constant temperature water bath are arranged identical temperature;
By feedstock oil and viscosity reduction, pour point depression, good antiscale property medicament one of them by a certain percentage (auxiliary agent is 10 ~ 200mg/L of feedstock oil) pour in stirred pot, or by light crude little to heavy crude large for density and density by a certain percentage (heavy crude is 2 ~ 10:1 with the mass ratio of lightweight oil) pour stirred pot into after mixing, open paddle slow circumvolve, open heating system in stirred pot and constant temperature water bath simultaneously, and raw material in stirred pot and constant temperature water bath are arranged identical temperature.
This step is feedstock oil and auxiliary agent mix stages, and feedstock oil mixes in proportion at a certain temperature with auxiliary agent, is transported to head tank after mixing through gear-type pump.
Described auxiliary agent is viscosity reducer for crude oil, pour point depressant for crude oil, crude oil good antiscale property medicament or the crude oil different from detected oil density.Above-mentioned auxiliary agent is this area usual auxiliaries, is commercially available prod.
Described feedstock oil is kinematic viscosity>=100mm under viscous crude, crude oil or normal temperature
2the liquid charging stock of/S.The flow state of feedstock oil in pipeline is turbulent flow, minimum nominal diameter DN >=1/2 of the pipeline from head tank to return tank ".
Mixed crude oil must be turbulent flow in the flow state of pipeline, if speed is low, the little fluid of caliber can not reach turbulence state, viscosity reduction drag reduction builder activity cannot effectively detect, so minimum nominal diameter DN >=1/2 of pipeline from head tank to return tank "; horizontal coil pipe immerses in thermostatted water, ensures that test is carried out at a constant temperature.
(2) when constant temperature water bath reaches design temperature, the open water circulation system, water constantly circulates under the effect of centrifugal pump between constant temperature water bath and head tank sinuous coil, until internal system temperature constant; Starter receiver pump, mixed crude oil enters head tank by stirred pot;
When in constant temperature water bath, water temperature reaches requirement temperature, all valves in the open water circulation system, start centrifugal pump, water constantly circulates in constant temperature water bath and between head tank sinuous coil, in system water temperature constant after, starter receiver pump, squeezes into head tank by raw material.This step is the constant temperature stage, and water in Water Tank with Temp.-controlled, through heating, to reach after uniform temperature by centrifugal pump, is recycled to the inside coil pipe of head tank, then returns constant temperature water bath, constantly circulate through superheated water, test after whole system temperature constant again.
(3) peristaltic pump is started, use timer timing, mixed crude oil enters in constant temperature water bath horizontal coil pipe from head tank, mixed crude oil can produce Pressure Drop when horizontal plate Bottomhole pressure, pressure delta data is sent to computing machine by DCS system by pressure transducer, computing machine stored a secondary data every 5 seconds, the mixed crude oil temperature of temperature gauge on-line checkingi that horizontal coil pipe import and horizontal coil pipe export, mixed crude oil is after horizontal coil pipe, return tank is entered again through mass flowmeter, data are sent to computing machine by DCS system and store by mass flowmeter, electronic scales can increase quality and data are sent to computer stored by return tank in the unit of display time.
In this step, mixed crude oil enters in Water Tank with Temp.-controlled coil pipe through peristaltic pump, and produce Pressure Drop at dish Bottomhole pressure, pressure drop data is transferred in computing machine through pressure unit and stores.In Water Tank with Temp.-controlled, mixed crude oil out enters mass flowmeter, the flow of raw material in the mass flowmeter unit of display time, and data are transferred in computing machine and store.Return tank accurately measures the quality returning raw material by electronic scales.
At same materials, identical temperature, adding in different viscosity reduction drag reduction, pour point depression auxiliary agent situation, the data of pressure transducer, mass flowmeter and electronic scales reaction are different, the reacting condition of data be the result of various viscosity reduction drag reduction auxiliary agent on crude oil pipeline conveying impact.
Same materials, under different temperatures, various data are also different, by relatively obtaining optimal transport scheme to various data.
The present invention preferably uses following equipment:
Stirred pot: volume 30-50L, splendid attire raw material and medicament, the heating element that bottom has band to control, there is the stirring arm of adjustable speed inside, and the effect of stirring arm is that finish is mixed is consistent with keeping oil temperature in tank.
Head tank: volume 30-50L, splendid attire is mixed with the raw material of drag reduction viscosity reduction auxiliary agent, and there is the snakelike dish trace pipe making oil temperature keep constant inside, and temperature instrumentation is arranged at bottom, the insulation asbestos that outside has 40mm thick.
Peristaltic pump: principle of work is by 3 running roller cycle extrusion delivery hoses, raw material is accurate transmission in flexible pipe, does not have large shearing, be unlikely to large molecule viscosity reducer to cut off to affect viscosity reducing effect, smooth running, accurate measurement, raw material there will not be large fluctuation in conveying.
Water Tank with Temp.-controlled: rectangular tank, the wide X height of long X is 2mX0.7mX0.6m, and inner horizontal coil pipe is DN1/2 " weldless steel tube; overall length 32m; horizontal positioned, evenly distributed, two ends U-bolt is fixed; inner wall smooth; uniform wall thickness, requires outside diameter tolerance≤± 1.00%, wall thickness deviation≤± 0.20; caliber of revolution minimum bending radius >=10, two ends times, object reduces pipe because of bending generation Pressure Drop.Horizontal coil pipe is evenly arranged 4 pressure transducers, horizontal coil pipe imports and exports two ends by temperature survey mouth is housed, and constant temperature water bath bottom is 2 groups of S type electric heating tubes, total heating power 12KW, ensure that recirculated water was heated to 50 DEG C in 2 hours, the insulation asbestos layer that constant temperature water bath skin has 40mm thick.
Return tank: volume 30-50L, the crude oil returned that circulates enters this tank, and electronic scales is arranged at bottom, the increment of raw material in the accurate measuring unit time.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
(1) the present invention adopts peristaltic pump transferring raw material, smooth running, accurate measurement, owing to mixing excessively, can not produce emulsification between finish, or by large molecule viscosity reducer shear inference fluid effect.
(2) the present invention sets up DCS system, pressure transducer, mass flowmeter, thermometer, electronic scales general data, will transmit data in computing machine store every 5 seconds.
(3) structure of the present invention simple, be easy to operation, it is by under the various condition of contrast, the Pressure Drop that crude oil produces in pipeline or flow out the difference of quality in the unit interval, best Crude Oil Transportation scheme can be optimized, detection method is easy, accurate, can instruct industrial applications.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention structural representations;
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 constant temperature water bath structural representation;
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is S heating tube and horizontal coil pipe structural representation in Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is circulating water inlet structural representation;
In figure: 1, stirred pot; 2, gear-type pump; 3, head tank; 4, peristaltic pump; 5, electronic scales; 6, return tank; 7, computing machine; 8, mass flowmeter; 9, centrifugal pump; 10, constant temperature water bath; 11, circulating water inlet; 12, horizontal coil pipe; 13, heat-preservation cotton; 14, heating tube; 15, circulating water outlet pipe; 16, recirculated water auxiliary tube; A, horizontal coil pipe export; B, horizontal coil pipe import; C, recirculated water entrance; D, circulating water outlet; E, drain; H1, the first temperature survey mouth; H2, the second temperature survey mouth; H3, the 3rd temperature survey mouth; H4, the 4th temperature survey mouth; F1, the first pressure transducer; F2, the second pressure transducer; F3, the 3rd pressure transducer; F4, the 4th pressure transducer.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described further.
In embodiment, the device of described detection crude oil flow performance comprises stirred pot 1, gear-type pump 2, head tank 3, peristaltic pump 4, electronic scales 5, return tank 6, computing machine 7, mass flowmeter 8, centrifugal pump 9 and constant temperature water bath 10; Head tank 3 inside arranges sinuous coil, and constant temperature water bath 10 inside arranges horizontal coil pipe 12, wherein:
Stirred pot 1 connects gear-type pump 2 successively, head tank 3, peristaltic pump 4, constant temperature water bath 10 horizontal coil pipe 12, mass flowmeter 8, return tank 6 form oil circuit;
Head tank 3 sinuous coil, constant temperature water bath 10 form the water circulation system being provided power by centrifugal pump 9; The inner set temperature of constant temperature water bath 10 measures mouth;
Electronic scales 5 is set bottom return tank 6; Mass flowmeter 8, electronic scales 5 are all connected with computing machine 7;
In the horizontal coil pipe 12 of constant temperature water bath 10, interval arranges pressure transducer, pressure transducer is connected with computing machine 7, horizontal coil pipe import b and horizontal coil pipe export equal set temperature on a and measure mouth, horizontal coil pipe 12 bottom arranges S shape heating tube 14, horizontal coil pipe 12 top arranges circulating water inlet 11, set out water hole bottom constant temperature water bath 10, apopore is connected with circulating water outlet pipe 15.
Described constant temperature water bath 10 inner horizontal coil pipe 12 is DN1/2 " weldless steel tube, overall length 32 meters, horizontal positioned; evenly distributed, two ends U-bolt is fixed, weldless steel tube outside diameter tolerance≤± 1.00%; wall thickness deviation≤± 0.20, the caliber of revolution minimum bending radius >=10 times, two ends; In horizontal coil pipe 12, uniform intervals arranges 4 pressure transducers; Constant temperature water bath 10 skin arranges the thick insulation asbestos layer 13 of 40mm; 3 apopores are offered bottom constant temperature water bath 10.
The vertical direction of described circulating water inlet 11 is the recirculated water auxiliary tube 16 that is connected with circulating water inlet 11 of uniform setting successively, and the quantity of recirculated water auxiliary tube 16 is 4, and recirculated water auxiliary tube 16 bottom even offers the pore of diameter >=6mm.
Embodiment 1
Industrial crude oil generally selects 40 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C as delivery temperature, and we adopt device of the present invention at 40 DEG C, to carry out the test of injection viscosity reducer to North China crude oil, and data see the following form:
Table 1 North China Oilfield reducing crude oil viscosity drag reduction test figure
From above-mentioned data:
Add MSA viscosity reducer 20mg/L, crude oil output increment: (60.7-50.4)/50.4*100%=20.4%.
Add MSA viscosity reducer 50mg/L, crude oil output increment: (62.8-50.4)/50.4*100%=24.6%.
Add MSA viscosity reducer 100mg/L, crude oil output increment: (65.1-50.4)/50.4*100%=29.1%.
Learn from test findings, crude oil adds 20mg/L ~ 100mg/L viscosity reducer, and transport capacity improves 20% ~ 29%.
Embodiment 2
Get Shengli Oil Field website crude oil 150kg, this oil belongs to high sticky ordinary crude oils, measures by analysis: relative oil density d
20=0.995,34 DEG C, solidifying point, wax content 3.8%, colloid, asphalt content 46.7%, 50 DEG C of kinematic viscosity 254mm
2/ s, when without viscosity reducer, 50 DEG C of pipe flow speed 0.45m/s, be improve flow velocity, increase flow, carry out Cemented filling for adding polyether-type viscosity reducer, through apparatus of the present invention can analyze add quantity just make its flow raising more than 30%.
Concrete steps are as follows:
1, first detect not with the Real time displaying value of pressure transducer each on pipeline during viscosity reducer, mass flowmeter, electronic scales.
Pour 35kg crude oil into stirred pot 1, and be heated to 50 DEG C; Open constant temperature water bath 10 heating system simultaneously, heat cycles water to 50 DEG C, all valves in the circulation system of fetching boiling water, start centrifugal pump 9, water constantly circulates in constant temperature water bath 10 and between head tank 3 coil pipe, after keeping whole system 50 DEG C constant, starter receiver pump 2, squeezes into head tank 3 by raw material by stirred pot 1.Finally start peristaltic pump 4, crude oil enters horizontal coil pipe in constant temperature water bath 10 from head tank 3, the Pressure Drop that crude stream produces when horizontal coil pipe is transferred to computing machine by DCS system, mass flowmeter 8 simultaneously, the online numerical value of Precision Electronics Balance 5 is accurately presented at register face, and its numerical value is shown in sequence number 1.
2, with the Real time displaying value of pressure transducer each on signal piping during viscosity reducer, mass flowmeter, electronic scales.
Pour 35kg crude oil into stirred pot 1, pour stirred pot 1 into after being diluted by 7g polyether-type viscosity reducer with 250mL kerosene, start and stir and be heated to 50 DEG C; Open water bath with thermostatic control coil pipe groove 10 heating system simultaneously, heat cycles water to 50 DEG C, all valves in the open water circulation system, start centrifugal pump 9, water constantly circulates in constant temperature water bath 10 and between head tank 3 coil pipe, after keeping whole system 50 DEG C constant, starter receiver pump 2, squeezes into head tank 3 by raw material.Finally start peristaltic pump 4, crude oil enters 10 horizontal coil pipe in constant temperature water bath from head tank 3, horizontal coil pipe upward pressure sensor PIC, mass flowmeter 8, and the online numerical value of Precision Electronics Balance 6 is accurately presented at register face, sees sequence number 2 numerical value.
Repeating above-mentioned steps when adding different agents amount, obtaining test findings: see sequence number 3, sequence number 4.Different tests value is analyzed, reaches a conclusion.With the performance data of following table 2 for obtaining.
Table 2 performance data table
From above-mentioned data:
Add EP18 viscosity reducer 200mg/L, crude oil output increment: (29.04-23.7)/23.7*100%=22.5%, pressure transducer I resistance reduces: 3.18-2.19=0.99KPa.
Add EP18 viscosity reducer 300mg/L, crude oil output increment: (30.48-23.7)/23.7*100%=28.6%, pressure transducer I resistance reduces: 3.18-1.95=1.23KPa.
Add EP18 viscosity reducer 500mg/L, crude oil output increment: (31.7-23.7)/23.7*100%=33.7%, pressure transducer I resistance reduces: 3.18-1.84=1.34KPa.
Learnt by result, when crude oil adds 500mg/L viscosity reducer, transport capacity can improve 33.7%.
Embodiment 3
Shuguang Oilfield viscous crude 240kg, tests relative oil density d by analysis
20=0.998, wax content 3.0%, colloid, asphalt content 48%, 50 DEG C of kinematic viscosity 5200mm
2/ s, temperature almost loses fluid ability lower than 70 DEG C, at 85 DEG C of pipe flow speed 0.15m/s, for improving flow velocity, increasing flow, being mixed into row Cemented filling, determining to take which kind of method suitable with the present invention for adding decentralized viscosity reducer or adding light crude.
Test is undertaken evaluating (all adding 10mg/L good antiscale property agent alpha-olefine polymers in crude oil) by two kinds of methods at 85 DEG C, and first method is, adds dispersed viscosity reducer and carries out output increment test; Second method adds light crude to carry out increment test.
Test point two parts carry out, and Part I adds decentralized viscosity reducer to test, and obtains data and carry out effect analysis: Part II adds light crude mixing to carry out analysis of experiments; By two groups of Data Comparisons, draw the good way of effect.
(1) viscous crude adds the test of dispersed viscosity reducer output increment at 85 DEG C, and data are as follows:
The dispersed viscosity reducer test figure of table 3 (all adding the agent of 10mg/L good antiscale property)
From above-mentioned data:
Add PLC-102 viscosity reducer 200mg/L, crude oil output increment: (8.56-7.93)/7.93*100%=7.9%, pressure transducer I resistance reduces: 4.01-3.45=0.56KPa.
Add PLC-102 viscosity reducer 300mg/L, crude oil output increment: (8.67-7.93)/7.93*100%=9.3%, pressure transducer I resistance reduces: 4.01-3.40=0.61KPa.
Add PLC-102 viscosity reducer 500mg/L, crude oil output increment: (8.85-7.93)/7.93*100%=11.6%, pressure transducer I resistance reduces: 4.01-3.38=0.63KPa.
Learn from test findings, when crude oil adds 300mg/L ~ 500mg/L viscosity reducer, transport capacity improves 7.9% ~ 11.6%.
(2) viscous crude adds light crude and carries out increment test at 85 DEG C, and data are as follows:
Table 4 adds light crude increment test figure (all adding the agent of 10mg/L good antiscale property)
Remarks: light crude relative density d
20=0.78, wax content 1.0%, colloid, asphalt content 5%, 50 DEG C of kinematic viscosity 20mm
2/ s.
From above-mentioned data:
Add light crude 25%, crude oil output increment: (31.2-7.93)/7.93*100%=393.4%, pressure transducer I resistance reduces: 4.01-1.45=2.56KPa.
Add light crude 35%, crude oil output increment: (47.4-7.93)/7.93*100%=497.7%, pressure transducer I resistance reduces: 4.01-1.03=2.98KPa.
Add light crude 45%, crude oil output increment: (58.1-7.93)/7.93*100%=632.7%, pressure transducer I resistance reduces: 4.01-0.98=3.03KPa.
Learn from test findings, when crude oil adds the light crude accounting for crude oil 25% ~ 45%, transport capacity improves 393.4% ~ 632.7%.Pipeline pressure drop also significantly reduces, and is conducive to the conveying of crude oil.
Can be found by the test figure contrasting above-mentioned two kinds of methods, if will increase operational throughput in the viscous crude unit interval, adding light crude mixing ratio, to add viscosity reducer satisfactory for result, and output increment is multiplied; Same point pressure drop declines to a great extent, so light crude way is mixed in industrial heavy oil transportation suggestion employing.
Embodiment 4
Certain crude oil 150kg, tests relative oil density d by analysis
20=0.886, wax content 6.2%, colloid, asphalt content 13%, condensation point of crude oil 26.3 DEG C, 40 DEG C of kinematic viscosity 80mm
2/ s, pipe flow speed 0.9m/s 40 DEG C time, be improve flow velocity, increase flow, for improving the defeated temperature of pipe, compares crude oil output increment under different temperatures.
This crude oil due to the content of wax high, condensation point is low, and improving mobility key is temperature, investigates the mobility under its different temperatures so following.Test figure sees the following form:
Table 5 crude oil test figure at different temperatures
Known test installs pipes specification Ф 21.25 × 2.75, so internal diameter is Ф 15.75mm.
The flow velocity of each temperature section is as follows:
When 30 DEG C, 0.078 ÷ (0.01575
2× 0.785) ÷ 886=0.452m/s.
When 40 DEG C, 0.154 ÷ (0.01575
2× 0.785) ÷ 886=0.893m/s.
When 50 DEG C, 0.186 ÷ (0.01575
2× 0.785) ÷ 886=1.08m/s.
When 60 DEG C, 0.243 ÷ (0.01575
2× 0.785) ÷ 886=1.41m/s.
This crude oil wax content is high, and temperature is the principal element affecting its flowing velocity.Known by above-mentioned data, crude oil is in course of conveying, and often the defeated flow velocitys of raising 10 DEG C pipe can obtain raising in various degree, but too high temperature can bring energy loss, so suggestion crude oil actual flow velocity temperature controls within the scope of 50 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C.
Claims (7)
1. detect a device for feedstock oil flowing property, it is characterized in that comprising stirred pot (1), gear-type pump (2), head tank (3), peristaltic pump (4), electronic scales (5), return tank (6), computing machine (7), mass flowmeter (8), centrifugal pump (9) and constant temperature water bath (10); Head tank (3) inside arranges sinuous coil, and constant temperature water bath (10) inside arranges horizontal coil pipe (12), wherein:
Stirred pot (1) connects gear-type pump (2), head tank (3), peristaltic pump (4), constant temperature water bath (10) horizontal coil pipe (12), mass flowmeter (8), return tank (6) composition oil circuit successively;
Head tank (3) sinuous coil, constant temperature water bath (10) composition is provided the water circulation system of power by centrifugal pump (9); The inner set temperature of constant temperature water bath (10) measures mouth;
Return tank (6) bottom arranges electronic scales (5); Mass flowmeter (8), electronic scales (5) are all connected with computing machine (7);
The upper interval of horizontal coil pipe (12) of constant temperature water bath (10) arranges pressure transducer, pressure transducer is connected with computing machine (7), horizontal coil pipe import (b) and horizontal coil pipe export (a) upper equal set temperature and measure mouth, horizontal coil pipe (12) bottom arranges heating tube (14), horizontal coil pipe (12) top arranges circulating water inlet (11), constant temperature water bath (10) bottom sets out water hole, and apopore is connected with circulating water outlet pipe (15).
2. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: constant temperature water bath (10) inner horizontal coil pipe (12) is DN1/2 " weldless steel tube; horizontal positioned; evenly distributed; two ends U-bolt is fixed; weldless steel tube outside diameter tolerance≤± 1.00%, wall thickness deviation≤± 0.20, the caliber of revolution minimum bending radius >=10 times, two ends; The upper uniform intervals of horizontal coil pipe (12) arranges 3-10 pressure transducer, and constant temperature water bath (10) skin arranges the thick insulation asbestos layer (13) of 40mm; 3-10 apopore is offered in constant temperature water bath (10) bottom.
3. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the vertical direction of circulating water inlet (11) is the recirculated water auxiliary tube (16) that is connected with circulating water inlet (11) of uniform setting successively, the quantity of recirculated water auxiliary tube (16) is 3-8, and recirculated water auxiliary tube (16) bottom even offers the pore of N number of diameter >=6mm.
4. use a method for the detection feedstock oil flowing property of the arbitrary described device of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) in stirred pot (1), feedstock oil is mixed with auxiliary agent, stirs, obtain mixed crude oil; And stirred pot (1) is arranged identical temperature with constant temperature water bath (10);
(2) when constant temperature water bath (10) reaches design temperature, the open water circulation system, water constantly circulates under the effect of centrifugal pump (9) between constant temperature water bath (10) and head tank (3) sinuous coil, until internal system temperature constant; Starter receiver pump (2), mixed crude oil enters head tank (3) by stirred pot (1);
(3) peristaltic pump (4) is started, use timer timing, mixed crude oil enters in constant temperature water bath (10) horizontal coil pipe (12) from head tank (3), mixed crude oil can produce Pressure Drop when flowing in horizontal coil pipe (12), pressure delta data is sent to computing machine (7) by DCS system by pressure transducer, computing machine (7) stored a secondary data every 5 seconds, horizontal coil pipe import (b) and horizontal coil pipe export the mixed crude oil temperature of thermo detector on-line checkingi on (a), mixed crude oil is after horizontal coil pipe (12), return tank (6) is entered again through mass flowmeter (8), data are sent to computing machine (7) by DCS system and store by mass flowmeter (8), in electronic scales (5) unit of display time, return tank (6) increases quality and data is sent to computing machine (7) storage.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that: auxiliary agent is viscosity reducer for crude oil, pour point depressant for crude oil, crude oil good antiscale property medicament or the crude oil different from detected oil density.
6. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that: feedstock oil is kinematic viscosity>=100mm under viscous crude, crude oil or normal temperature
2the liquid charging stock of/S.
7. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the flow state of feedstock oil in pipeline is turbulent flow, minimum nominal diameter DN >=1/2 of the pipeline from head tank (3) to return tank (6) ".
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| CN109566442A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-04-05 | 宇能(海南)新能源研究院有限公司 | A kind of non-contact heat exchange type heating and heat-preservation double-layer sink |
| CN112183913A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2021-01-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Quantitative risk evaluation method and device for pipeline of oil transportation station |
| CN112183913B (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2024-06-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Quantitative risk evaluation method and device for oil transportation station pipeline |
| CN110887763A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-03-17 | 安徽工业大学 | Device and method for testing free flowability of coking coal in thermoplastic state |
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