CN105276962B - A kind of coal drying device, drying system and drying means - Google Patents
A kind of coal drying device, drying system and drying means Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of coal drying device, drying system and drying means, it is characterised in that：Coal drying device includes a body of heater, at the top of body of heater, one coal feed point is set, in the bottom of body of heater, one coal outlet is set, the inside of body of heater from top to bottom sets gradually a gas solid separation area, a fluid bed combination drying area and a contact drying area, a heat exchanger is set respectively in fluid bed combination drying area and contact drying area, one gas distributor is set between two heat exchangers, a gas-solid separator is set in gas solid separation area.Coal drying system between a coal drying device, a dust arrester, a circulating fan and a cyclic steam heat exchanger, and coal drying device, dust arrester, circulating fan and cyclic steam heat exchanger by pipeline including being connected；The coal drying method of the present invention can realize that convection drying mode is combined with contact drying mode in the environment of anaerobic, and drying effect is good and can prevent the formation of coal slime.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of drying device and drying means, especially with regard to a kind of coal drying device and drying means.
Background technology
Coal in China consumption figure rises year by year, causes coal resources constantly to reduce.China's lignite resource enriches, but lignite
Middle moisture is high, ash content height is difficult to be used directly.Therefore, the exploitation of lignite upgrading technology is with a wide range of applications.Reduction
Water content can effectively improve service efficiency of the lignite in fields such as generating, gasification, liquefaction, coking in lignite.It is dry for coal
Dry dry technology mainly has direct-heating type and the major class of indirect heating type two.
Coal Drying Technology industrialization in the country's is still in the starting stage at present, and the development of various coal drying technologies is also
Not mature enough, most of coal drying projects run belong to demonstrative project, can't accomplish long period safety and stability
Operation.A series of problems is exposed in lignite dehydrates technology application process, although wherein direct-heating type is dried
Technical matters is simpler, but need to strictly control the oxygen content in heat smoke, otherwise there is explosion danger, and for product and
The intractability of waste gas is larger.There is complex process using the traditional handicraft of indirect heating type, equipment treating capacity is smaller, dry system
The problems such as system is easily blocked.In addition, traditional drying and dehydrating technology is typically also existed, high energy consumption, exhaust emissions amount be big, Yi Yang
The problems such as dirt, feature of environmental protection difference and equipment are difficult to maximization.
CN200910015753.9B discloses a kind of superheated steam lignite pre-drying device and its technique, can utilize steaming
Built-in heat exchanger and provide power and heat exchange using steam for fluid bed that vapour is heated.Avoid drying equipment explosive, technique
It is fairly simple, energy consumption problem is reduced, the problem of feature of environmental protection is poor is reduced.But come with some shortcomings in the technique, in charging
Aspect, the device easily causes the fine particle residence time compared with short-range missile cause drying not exclusively, directly enters cyclone separator with gas,
Cyclone separator is caused to block.If in addition, external cyclone water-separator does not take heating measures, it will cause to enter cyclonic separation
The water vapour of entrainment coal dust in device forms coal slime because temperature is too low, blocks cyclone separator etc..
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, it is an object of the invention to provide the coal that a drying effect is good and can prevent from forming coal slime drying
Device, drying system and drying means.
To achieve the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme：A kind of coal drying device, it is characterised in that：It is wrapped
A body of heater is included, one coal feed point is set at the top of the body of heater, one coal outlet is set in the bottom of the body of heater, in the body of heater
Inside from top to bottom set gradually a gas solid separation area, a fluid bed combination drying area and a contact drying area, in the stream
A heat exchanger is set respectively in Hua Chuan combination dryings area and the contact drying area, a gas is set between heat exchanger described in two
Distributor, a gas-solid separator is set in the gas solid separation area.
The gas-solid separator is cyclone separator, and the entrance of the gas-solid separator is arranged on the coal feed point lower port
Top, the lower port of the coal feed point is arranged to horn-like, and a gas outlet is set on the top of the gas-solid separator, described
The bottom of gas-solid separator is stretched out from the side in the gas solid separation area and is provided with fine coal outlet.
Heat exchanger described in two is tubular heat exchanger, the heat exchanger in the fluid bed combination drying area
Tubulation quantity is more than the tubulation quantity for the heat exchanger being located in the contact drying area.
The gas distributor includes the ring pipe that two or more is in arranged concentric, and each ring pipe passes through two vertical friendships
The air inlet pipe support of fork arrangement is fixed, and each ring pipe is equidistantly spaced from；It is evenly arranged in the bottom of each ring pipe
Multiple stomatas, the angle α of projection and vertical direction of the air vent channel on the ring pipe cross section is 10~85 degree；Often
Air vent channel described in one and the angle β of horizontal direction are 30~90 degree.
The angle α of projection and vertical direction of the air vent channel on the ring pipe cross section is 30~70 degree.
A kind of coal drying system, it is characterised in that：It includes coal drying device, a dust arrester, a circulated air described in one
Machine and a cyclic steam heat exchanger；Connection one is hot jointly by a pipeline for the entrance of two heat exchangers in the coal drying device
Vapour source, outlet connects a condensate system jointly by a pipeline；The gas outlet of the gas-solid separator passes through a pipeline
The entrance of the dust arrester is connected, the outlet of the dust arrester connects the circulating fan, the circulation by a pipeline
The first outlet of blower fan connects the cyclic steam heat exchanger by a pipeline and atmosphere, second outlet by a pipeline
Entrance, the outlet of the cyclic steam heat exchanger connects the entrance of the gas distributor, the gas distribution by a pipeline
The entrance of device connects a hot nitrogen source of the gas by a hot nitrogen source gas line.
The dust arrester is bag-type dust collector or electric dust collector.
Pipeline between the gas-solid separator and the dust arrester with positioned at the cyclic steam heat exchanger and
Another pipeline is provided between pipeline between the gas distributor.
A kind of coal drying method, it comprises the following steps：1) hot nitrogen source of the gas is opened, hot nitrogen is conveyed through gas distributor
To coal drying device, the air in coal drying system is discharged, form oxygen-free environment；2) control feed coal is delivered to from coal feed point
The inside of coal drying device, vapours enters two heat exchangers as indirect heat exchange medium through pipeline, is changed indirectly with feed coal
The liquid phase water produced after heat, heat exchange is delivered to condensate system via the outlet of two heat exchangers, and the water that feed coal dries release steams
Vapour carries the thinner coal dust of particle and enters gas solid separation area；3) water vapour is separated with coal dust in the presence of gas-solid separator, point
The water vapour separated out is delivered to dust arrester, and the water vapour after purification is sent into circulating fan, and circulating fan steams a part of water
Gas is emptied, while another part water vapour is delivered into cyclic steam heat exchanger, gas distributor is delivered to after heat exchange heating；
4) it is located at what the vapours in the heat exchanger in fluid bed combination drying area flowed out as indirect heat exchange medium and gas distributor
Feed coal is dried jointly as direct heat transfer medium for cyclic steam, the heat steaming in the heat exchanger in contact drying area
Feed coal is further dried with indirect heat exchange medium for vapour, and the water vapour carrying particle of feed coal drying release is thinner
Coal dust goes successively to gas solid separation area；5) after reaching predetermined degree of drying after feed coal, from coal outlet discharge.
In step 1) in the hot nitrogen temperature that uses be more than 120 DEG C.
The present invention is due to taking above technical scheme, and it has advantages below：1st, the present invention in the inside of body of heater by up to
Under set gradually a gas solid separation area, a fluid bed combination drying area and a contact drying area, water vapour and raw material can be realized
Coal carries out direct heat transfer and indirect heat exchange, feed coal is obtained efficient drying, realizes water vapour before discharge coal drying device
Separated with the coal dust of entrainment, improve the operational efficiency of coal drying device, realize the purpose of energy-conservation.2nd, the present invention is in gas solid separation area
There is provided a gas-solid separator, can ensure water vapour and coal dust in gas solid separation effectively using the heat in coal drying device
Condensation vapor does not occur in device, so that the formation of coal slime is prevented, while making the coal dust in gas-solid separator fully be dried.3、
The present invention sets a heat exchanger respectively in fluid bed combination drying area and contact drying area, and a gas is set between two heat exchangers
Body distributor, can be such that water vapour is uniformly sent into upwards in fluid bed combination drying area by gas distributor, realize water vapour
Fully contact and exchanged heat with feed coal, while it is feed coal in indirect heat exchange area coal drying device is in barotropic state
Discharge provides power.4th, heat exchanger of the present invention in contact drying area, feed coal can be further dried, and former
Material coal can set up the bed of material of certain altitude in contact drying area, and feed coal is adjusted in coal drying by adjusting the height of the bed of material
Residence time in device, it is ensured that reach dry requirement, while can prevent cyclic steam from being scurried out from coal outlet.5th, the present invention exists
The entrance of gas distributor connects a hot nitrogen source of the gas by a hot nitrogen source gas line, and coal drying system can be realized in oxygen-free environment
Lower operation, it is to avoid coal drying system is not up to nominal situation and produces condensation vapor, both made to break down in coal drying system or
During parking, being passed through nitrogen can realize that coal drying system is not condensed.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of coal drying device of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of gas distributor of the present invention
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of Fig. 2 annular tubes
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of Fig. 2 annular tubes air vent channel and horizontal direction angle
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of coal drying system of the present invention
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in figure 1, the present invention proposes a kind of coal drying device, it includes a body of heater 1, is set at the top of body of heater 1
One coal feed point 2, a coal outlet 3 is set in the bottom of body of heater 1.A gas solid separation is from top to bottom set gradually in the inside of body of heater 1
Area 4, a fluid bed combination drying area 5 and a contact drying area 6.In fluid bed combination drying area 5 and contact drying area 6 respectively
One heat exchanger 7 is set, a gas distributor 8 is set between two heat exchangers 7.One gas solid separation is set in gas solid separation area 4
Device 9, for the coal dust being mixed in water vapour to be separated with water vapour.
In above-described embodiment, gas-solid separator 9 can be cyclone separator.The entrance 91 of gas-solid separator 9 be arranged on into
The top of 2 lower ports of coal mouthful, can avoid the water vapour moved upwards from the coal dust little particle that coal feed point 2 enters in body of heater 1
Bring gas-solid separator 9 into, the lower port of coal feed point 2 is arranged to horn-like, can further avoid entering body of heater 1 from coal feed point 2
The water vapour that interior coal dust little particle is moved upwards brings gas-solid separator 9 into, so as to ensure that coal dust little particle is stopped in body of heater 1
Time enough is stayed, drying effect is reached.One gas outlet 92 is set on the top of gas-solid separator 9, and gas outlet 92 is divided along gas-solid
Top from area 4 is stretched out, and fine coal outlet 93 is provided with the bottom of gas-solid separator 9, and fine coal exports 93 along gas solid separation area 4
Side it is protruding.
In above-described embodiment, two heat exchangers 7 are tubular heat exchanger.Wherein, in fluid bed combination drying area 5
The tubulation quantity of heat exchanger 7 is more than the tubulation quantity for the heat exchanger 7 being located in contact drying area 6, beneficial to fluid bed combination drying
Heat exchanger 7 in area 5 carries out fully drying to feed coal.
In above-described embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, gas distributor 8 includes multiple ring pipes 81 in arranged concentric, respectively
The air inlet pipe 82 that ring pipe 81 is arranged by two square crossings, which is supported, is fixed, and each ring pipe 81 is equidistantly spaced from, and air inlet pipe 82 is used
In cyclic steam being delivered in each ring pipe 81.Multiple stomatas 83, stomata 83 are evenly arranged in the bottom of each ring pipe 81
Being arranged on the bottom of ring pipe 81 can avoid feed coal from entering gas distributor 8.As shown in figure 3, the passage of stomata 83 is in annular
The angle α of projection and vertical direction on the cross section of pipe 81 is 10~85 degree, preferably 30~70 degree, can be avoided from gas point
The cyclic steam of the stomata 83 of cloth device 8 blowout is straight down or horizontal movement.As shown in figure 4, each passage of stomata 83 and level side
To angle β be 30~90 degree, cyclic steam can be imported in body of heater 1 with cyclone mode through gas distributor 8, so as to improve
The heat transfer effect of cyclic steam and pulverized coal particle.When angle β is in 90 degree, gas is with the side of conventional, acylic motion effect
Formula is imported in body of heater 1.
In above-described embodiment, an air valve 21 is provided with the top of coal feed point 2, the input for controlling feed coal.Go out
Coal mouthful 3 is respectively arranged with an air valve (not shown), can prevent cyclic steam from leaking.One is provided with discharge 93
Air valve 94, the output for controlling coal dust.
As shown in figure 5, based on above-mentioned coal drying device, the invention also provides a kind of coal drying system, it includes a coal
Drying device, a dust arrester 10, a circulating fan 11 and a cyclic steam heat exchanger 12.Two heat exchangers in coal drying device
7 entrance connects a vapours source jointly by a pipeline 13, and by a pipeline 13, connection one condenses water system jointly for outlet
System.The gas outlet 92 of gas-solid separator 9 connects the entrance of dust arrester 10 by a pipeline 13, and the outlet of dust arrester 10 passes through
One pipeline 13 connects circulating fan 11, and the first outlet of circulating fan 11 is by a pipeline 13 and atmosphere, and second outlet is led to
The entrance of a pipeline 13 connection cyclic steam heat exchanger 12 is crossed, the outlet of cyclic steam heat exchanger 12 connects gas by a pipeline 13
The entrance of body distributor 8, the entrance of gas distributor 8 connects a hot nitrogen source of the gas by a hot nitrogen source gas line 14.
In above-described embodiment, the pipeline 13 between gas-solid separator 9 and dust arrester 10 positioned at cyclic steam with changing
Another pipeline 15 is provided between pipeline 13 between hot device 12 and gas distributor 8, can prevent from separating from gas-solid separator 9
The water vapour gone out cools condensation during dust arrester 10 is delivered to.
In above-described embodiment, dust arrester 10 is bag-type dust collector or electric dust collector.
Based on above-mentioned coal drying system, the invention also provides a kind of drying means of coal, comprise the following steps：
1) hot nitrogen source of the gas is opened, hot nitrogen is delivered to coal drying device through gas distributor 8, makes the sky in coal drying system
Gas is discharged, and forms oxygen-free environment.
2) control feed coal is delivered to the inside of coal drying device from coal feed point 2, and vapours is passed through as indirect heat exchange medium
Pipeline 13 enters two heat exchangers 7, indirect heat exchange is carried out with feed coal, by the liquid phase water produced after heat exchange via two heat exchangers 7
Outlet is delivered to condensate system, and the water vapour that feed coal dries release carries the thinner coal dust of particle into gas solid separation area 4.
3) water vapour is separated with coal dust in the presence of gas-solid separator 9, and the water vapour isolated is delivered to dust arrester
10, the water vapour after purification is sent into circulating fan 11, circulating fan 11 empties a part of vapor, while by another part
Water vapour is delivered to cyclic steam heat exchanger 12, and gas distributor 8 is delivered to after heat exchange heating.
4) it is located at the vapours in the heat exchanger 7 in fluid bed combination drying area 5 as indirect heat exchange medium and gas point
Feed coal is dried jointly as direct heat transfer medium for the cyclic steam that cloth device 8 flows out, changing in contact drying area 6
Feed coal is further dried with indirect heat exchange medium for vapours in hot device 7, and feed coal dries the water vapour of release
Carry the thinner coal dust of particle and go successively to gas solid separation area 4.
5) after reaching predetermined degree of drying after feed coal, discharged from coal outlet 3.
In above-described embodiment, in step 1) in the hot nitrogen temperature that uses be more than 120 DEG C.
In above-described embodiment, in step 2) in the water content of feed coal be generally 20~50%, raw coal size is typically small
In 10 millimeters, preferably smaller than 6 millimeters, coal drying device pressure is 5~10 kPas, and the temperature in the whole coal drying device of control
Higher than 110 degrees Celsius.Can be by the water circulation of condensate system to boiler.The inlet temperature of two heat exchangers 7 is at 158 degrees Celsius
More than.
In above-described embodiment, in step 3) in the steam temperature discharged of the gas outlet 92 of gas-solid separator 9 higher than 110 Celsius
Degree, the steam temperature that the processing of removing dust device 10 is purified is more than 105 degrees Celsius.The inlet temperature of gas distributor 8
For more than 115 degrees Celsius.
The various embodiments described above are merely to illustrate the present invention, wherein the structure of each part, connected mode etc. are all can be
Change, every equivalents carried out on the basis of technical solution of the present invention and improvement should not be excluded the present invention's
Outside protection domain.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of coal drying system, it is characterised in that：It includes coal drying device, a dust arrester, a circulating fan described in one
With a cyclic steam heat exchanger；The coal drying device includes a body of heater, a coal feed point is set at the top of the body of heater, in institute
The bottom for stating body of heater sets a coal outlet, and a gas solid separation area, a fluidisation are from top to bottom set gradually in the inside of the body of heater
Bed combination drying area and a contact drying area, one is set in the fluid bed combination drying area and the contact drying area respectively
Heat exchanger, sets a gas distributor between heat exchanger described in two, and a gas-solid separator is set in the gas solid separation area；
The entrance of two heat exchangers in the coal drying device connects a vapours source jointly by a pipeline, and outlet passes through a pipe
Line connects a condensate system jointly；The gas outlet of the gas-solid separator connects entering for the dust arrester by a pipeline
Mouthful, the outlet of the dust arrester connects the circulating fan by a pipeline, and the first outlet of the circulating fan passes through one
Pipeline and atmosphere, second outlet connect the entrance of the cyclic steam heat exchanger by a pipeline, and the cyclic steam is changed
The outlet of hot device connects the entrance of the gas distributor by a pipeline, and the entrance of the gas distributor passes through a hot nitrogen
Source capsule line connects a hot nitrogen source of the gas.
2. a kind of coal drying system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The dust arrester be bag-type dust collector or
Electric dust collector.
3. a kind of coal drying system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Positioned at the gas-solid separator and the dedusting
It is provided between pipeline between device and the pipeline between the cyclic steam heat exchanger and the gas distributor another
One pipeline.
4. a kind of coal drying system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The gas-solid separator is cyclone separator,
The entrance of the gas-solid separator is arranged on the top of the coal feed point lower port, and the lower port of the coal feed point is arranged to loudspeaker
Shape, sets a gas outlet on the top of the gas-solid separator, and the bottom of the gas-solid separator is from the gas solid separation area
Side is stretched out and is provided with fine coal outlet.
5. a kind of coal drying system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Heat exchanger described in two is shell and tube heat exchange
Device, the tubulation quantity of the heat exchanger in the fluid bed combination drying area, which is more than, to be located in the contact drying area
The tubulation quantity of the heat exchanger.
6. a kind of coal drying system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The gas distributor is in including two or more
The ring pipe of arranged concentric, the air inlet pipe that each ring pipe is arranged by two square crossings, which is supported, fixes, each ring pipe
It is equidistantly spaced from；Multiple stomatas are evenly arranged in the bottom of each ring pipe, the air vent channel is horizontal in the ring pipe
The angle α of projection and vertical direction on section is 10~85 degree；Each air vent channel and the angle β of horizontal direction are 30
~90 degree.
7. a kind of coal drying system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：The air vent channel is transversal in the ring pipe
The angle α of projection and vertical direction on face is 30~70 degree.
8. a kind of drying means of the coal drying system based on described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it comprises the following steps：
1) hot nitrogen source of the gas is opened, hot nitrogen is delivered to coal drying device through gas distributor, arranges the air in coal drying system
Go out, form oxygen-free environment；
2) control feed coal is delivered to the inside of coal drying device from coal feed point, and vapours is entered as indirect heat exchange medium through pipeline
Enter two heat exchangers, carry out indirect heat exchange with feed coal, the liquid phase water produced after heat exchange is delivered to solidifying via the outlet of two heat exchangers
System is born water, the water vapour that feed coal dries release carries the thinner coal dust of particle into gas solid separation area；
3) water vapour is separated with coal dust in the presence of gas-solid separator, and the water vapour isolated is delivered to dust arrester, will be net
Water vapour feeding circulating fan after change, circulating fan empties a part of vapor, while another part water vapour is conveyed
To cyclic steam heat exchanger, gas distributor is delivered to after heat exchange heating；
4) vapours in the heat exchanger being located in fluid bed combination drying area is used as indirect heat exchange medium and gas distributor stream
Feed coal is dried jointly as direct heat transfer medium for the cyclic steam gone out, in the heat exchanger in contact drying area
Feed coal is further dried with indirect heat exchange medium for vapours, and feed coal dry release water vapour carry particle compared with
Thin coal dust goes successively to gas solid separation area；
5) after reaching predetermined degree of drying after feed coal, from coal outlet discharge.
9. a kind of coal drying method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that：In step 1) in the hot nitrogen temperature that uses be
More than 120 DEG C.
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| CN201510802117.6A CN105276962B (en) | 2015-11-19 | 2015-11-19 | A kind of coal drying device, drying system and drying means |
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| CN201510802117.6A CN105276962B (en) | 2015-11-19 | 2015-11-19 | A kind of coal drying device, drying system and drying means |
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| CN105276962B true CN105276962B (en) | 2017-09-05 |
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| CN111750625A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2020-10-09 | 湖南三德科技股份有限公司 | Nitrogen-introducing drying method and device for sample drying |
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| CN103123205A (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2013-05-29 | 浙江大学 | Fluidization moving series arrangement steam drying system and technology |
| CN203011076U (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-06-19 | 张西相 | Monolayer fluidized bed dryer |
| CN203908204U (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-10-29 | 卢林娣 | Cylinder fluidized bed dryer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US5604994A (en) * | 1992-05-15 | 1997-02-25 | Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. | Drying hopper and powder drying method using the same |
| CN201935525U (en) * | 2011-01-11 | 2011-08-17 | 清华大学 | Two-phase rotary flow lignite drier |
| CN102419079A (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2012-04-18 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Solid particle material composite grading and drying device and method |
| CN202322768U (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2012-07-11 | 俎继兵 | Device for improving quality of brown coal by simulating coal forming conditions |
| CN203011076U (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-06-19 | 张西相 | Monolayer fluidized bed dryer |
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Address after: 101407 No.1, south 2nd Yueyuan street, C District, Yanqi Development Zone, Huairou District, Beijing Patentee after: Zhongke synthetic oil Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 101407 No.1, south 2nd Yueyuan street, C District, Yanqi Development Zone, Huairou District, Beijing Patentee before: SYNFUELS CHINA TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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