CN105272454A - Straw compost, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Straw compost, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105272454A CN105272454A CN201510654806.7A CN201510654806A CN105272454A CN 105272454 A CN105272454 A CN 105272454A CN 201510654806 A CN201510654806 A CN 201510654806A CN 105272454 A CN105272454 A CN 105272454A
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a straw compost, which comprises the following components: 500 parts of straw; 100 parts of dry cow dung; 15 parts of barley; 5 parts of rapeseed; 12 parts of gypsum powder; 10 parts of quicklime; 12 parts of calcium superphosphate; and 5 parts of urea. The invention provides the straw compost and a preparation method thereof. The method includes: watering straw to conduct pre-wetting, then adding cow dung, barley, rapeseed, calcium superphosphate, quicklime, gypsum and urea, and stirring the materials evenly; then conducting pasteurization: firstly persisting pasteurization at 60-80DEG C for 6-8h, then lowering the temperature to 48-53DEG C, and conducting placing for 3-4d continuously; then performing placing at 48-53DEG C for 2-5d, thus finishing fermentation. According to the invention, after fermentation is added in the composting process so as to improve the molecule conversion rate and being more conducive to plant absorption and growth, also quicklime is added in the fermentation process, thus changing soil pH, and also effectively killing plant diseases and insect pests in straws.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural technology field, particularly relate to a kind of straw compost and its preparation method and application.
Background technology
For modern agriculture, though chemical fertilizer has efficient feature, but along with steadily improving of people's quality of the life, people for various crop products no longer only requirement can have enough, but requiring higher, the concept of green food, Organic food and requirement have also been obtained the most attention of the whole society thereupon.
And straw directly returning to field can cause SOIL CARBON AND NITROGEN than imbalance, Accumulation of Organic Acids, farming sowing difficulty, newly emerge the problems such as growing way is not prosperous.Burned to crop harvesting a large amount of stalk in season or arbitrarily abandoned every year, become serious social and environmental problems.Relative to traditional N P and K chemical fertilizer, straw compost is that agricultural crop straw is become high-quality fertilizer, macromole is converted into small molecules, protein transduction changes ammonia nitrogen into, and organosulfur converts vitriol to, improves inorganization degree, also release carbonic acid gas and heat, can germicidal action be played, improve the stability of fertilizer, reduce stink.Straw compost not only solves agricultural wastes straw, can also production high-quality fertilizer, and improvement soil, increases soil fertility, preserve the ecological environment, to national food security and agricultural sustainable development all significant.
At present, traditional straw compost, owing to not having secondary fermentation process, causes Molecular Cloning rate low, causes utilization ratio in growing process low, does not reach the requirement of agriculture production.
Summary of the invention
The defect existed for straw compost in prior art and deficiency, the invention provides a kind of straw compost and preparation method thereof, improve Molecular Cloning rate, more be conducive to absorption and the growth of plant, and add unslaked lime during the fermentation, both change the acid-basicity of soil, effectively kill again the disease and pest in stalk.
In order to reach above technical purpose, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of straw compost, has following moiety:
Stalk 500 parts; Dry cow dung 100 parts; Barley 15 parts; Semen Brassicae campestris 5 parts; Terra alba 12 parts; Unslaked lime 10 parts; Calcium superphosphate 12 parts; 5 parts, urea.
A preparation method for straw compost as above, step is as follows:
1) after stalk waters and prewets, add cow dung, barley, vegetable seed, calcium superphosphate, gypsum and urea, after stirring, normal temperature places 3-7 days;
2) unslaked lime first adding half quality stirs, and normal temperature places 3-7 days, then adds residue unslaked lime uniform stirring, and normal temperature places 1-3 days;
3) then carry out pasteurization: first under 60-80 DEG C of condition, continue 6-8 hour, then reduce the temperature to 48-53 DEG C, continue to place 3-4 days;
4) under 48-53 DEG C of condition, place 2-5 days, complete fermentation.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in described step 3, under 48-53 DEG C of condition, can appropriate supplement fill oxygen.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described barley, Semen Brassicae campestris are powdery.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described stalk is selected from one or more in the high straw of carbon content; One or more in preferred straw, corn stalk, Wheat Straw, spartina alterniflora loisel.
An application for straw compost as above, for the plantation of farm crop, flowers, fungi plant; Be preferred for the plantation of mushroom.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following technique effect:
1) avoid being burned or arbitrarily abandoning, be conducive to environment protection.
2) add the step of pasteurization and secondary fermentation, make stover become the transformation efficiency of fertilizer greatly to improve, reach more than 98%.
3) add unslaked lime, not only change the potential of hydrogen of straw compost, also effectively kill the disease and pest in stalk and other raw materials.
4) straw compost provided by the invention, substantially increases the output of plant.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, explanation is further explained to technical solution of the present invention.
Embodiment 1 (carrying out secondary fermentation)
Area is the fermentation place of 1,000 square chi.
Composting material:
2500 kilograms of rice straws, 500 kilograms of dry cow dungs, 75 kg of barleys, 25 kilograms of Semen Brassicae campestris, unslaked lime 70 kilograms, 60 kilograms of terra albas, 60 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, 25 kilograms of urea.
Preparation work:
Dry cow dung is smashed for subsequent use; By barley, that Semen Brassicae campestris breaks into powder is for subsequent use.
The making method of rice straw compost:
First rice straw water is irrigated, can see having water droplet to fall to being advisable to pick up stalk, static 1-3 days, add broken cow dung simultaneously, barley meal, canola, terra alba (mushroom is special), calcium superphosphate, urea stirs, pile cuboid-type, place 5 days, add 35 kilograms, lime, stir one time with excavator, pile cuboid-type, then put 5 days; Add 35 kilograms, lime and turn over one time again, pile cuboid-type, static two days; Enter booth, carry out pasteurization: some coal furnace, carry out High Temperature Sterilization: 60 DEG C, continue 6 hours; After spending 6 hours, greenhouse temperature is dropped to 48 DEG C, continue four days, period can ventilate in right amount; Then ventilate completely and ferment, band fermentation completes, and sows.
Composting process: compost volume reduces (as table)
Complete the feature of compost: stalk is that yellow-green colour becomes red-brown, stalk stretching flexible, and have sweet fragrance, feel is fluffy, produces white mass (i.e. probiotics), does not have ammonia in greenhouse.
Embodiment 2 (not carrying out secondary fermentation)
Area is the fermentation place of 1,000 square chi.
Composting material: 2500 kilograms of rice straws, 500 kilograms of dry cow dungs, 75 kg of barleys, 25 kilograms of Semen Brassicae campestris, unslaked lime 70 kilograms, 60 kilograms of terra albas, 60 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, 25 kilograms of urea.
Preparation work:
Dry cow dung is smashed for subsequent use; By barley, that Semen Brassicae campestris breaks into powder is for subsequent use.
The making method of rice straw compost:
First rice straw water is irrigated, can see having water droplet to fall to being advisable, static 1-3 days to pick up stalk, add broken cow dung simultaneously, barley meal, canola, terra alba (mushroom is special), calcium superphosphate, urea stirs, pile cuboid-type, place 5 days; Add 35 kilograms, lime, stir one time with excavator, pile cuboid-type, then put 5 days; Add 35 kilograms, lime and turn over one time again, pile cuboid-type, static two days.
Composting process: compost volume reduces (as table)
| Date | 5 days, interval | 5 days, interval | Static 2 days | |
| Long | 8 meters | 8 meters | 8 meters | 8 meters |
| Wide | 3 meters | 2.8 rice | 2.6 rice | 2.3 rice |
| High | 1.5 rice | 1.4 rice | 1.3 rice | 1.2 rice |
Complete the feature of compost: stalk is that yellow-green colour becomes red-brown, and stalk stretching flexible, have sweet fragrance, feel is fluffy, produces a large amount of white mass, i.e. probiotics, does not have ammonia in greenhouse.
Do not carry out the various features of secondary fermentation straw compost:
One: the nutrient in fertilizer is not effectively changed, so slightly ammonia, there is the taste of ammonia.
Two: fertilizer has stickiness, charge level is only seen the probiotics of a small amount of white.
For mushroom plantation, contrast the straw compost difference (tabulating) of carrying out secondary fermentation and not carrying out fermenting
Sum up: can find out according to above-mentioned list, greatly improve the effect of fertilizer through the straw compost of secondary fermentation, considerably increase the output of plant, and eliminate the hidden danger of the raw-material disease and pest of compost, make straw compost safer and more effective.
Be described in detail specific embodiments of the invention above, but it is just as example, the present invention is not restricted to specific embodiment described above.To those skilled in the art, any equivalent modifications that the present invention is carried out and substituting also all among category of the present invention.Therefore, equalization conversion done without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and amendment, all should contain within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. a straw compost, is characterized in that, has following moiety:
Stalk 500 parts; Dry cow dung 100 parts; Barley 15 parts; Semen Brassicae campestris 5 parts; Terra alba 12 parts; Unslaked lime 10 parts; Calcium superphosphate 12 parts; 5 parts, urea.
2. a preparation method for straw compost as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, step is as follows:
Step one:
After described stalk waters and prewets, add cow dung, barley, vegetable seed, calcium superphosphate, gypsum and urea, after stirring, normal temperature places 3-7 days;
Step 2:
The unslaked lime adding half quality stirs, and normal temperature places 3-7 days, then adds residue unslaked lime uniform stirring, and normal temperature places 1-3 days;
Step 3:
Then, under 60-80 DEG C of condition, continue to place for 6-8 hour, then reduce the temperature to 48-53 DEG C, continue to place 3-4 days;
Step 4:
Under the condition of 48-53 DEG C, place 2-5 days, complete fermentation.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described step 3, under 48-53 DEG C of condition, can appropriate supplement fill oxygen.
4. preparation method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described barley, Semen Brassicae campestris are powdery.
5. preparation method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described stalk is selected from the mixing of one or more in the high straw of carbon content.
6. preparation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described stalk is selected from the mixing of one or more in straw, corn stalk, Wheat Straw, spartina alterniflora loisel.
7. an application for straw compost as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, for the plantation of farm crop, flowers, fungi plant.
8. the application of straw compost according to claim 6, is characterized in that, for the plantation of mushroom.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510654806.7A CN105272454A (en) | 2015-10-12 | 2015-10-12 | Straw compost, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN201610620908.1A CN106278566A (en) | 2015-10-12 | 2016-08-01 | A kind of reed straw compost and its preparation method and application |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510654806.7A CN105272454A (en) | 2015-10-12 | 2015-10-12 | Straw compost, preparation method and application thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105272454A true CN105272454A (en) | 2016-01-27 |
Family
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Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510654806.7A Pending CN105272454A (en) | 2015-10-12 | 2015-10-12 | Straw compost, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN201610620908.1A Pending CN106278566A (en) | 2015-10-12 | 2016-08-01 | A kind of reed straw compost and its preparation method and application |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610620908.1A Pending CN106278566A (en) | 2015-10-12 | 2016-08-01 | A kind of reed straw compost and its preparation method and application |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (2) | CN105272454A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110218118A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-09-10 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of full stress-strain stalk particle fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN110759762A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-02-07 | 湖北省益客迅电子商务有限公司 | Preparation method of organic fertilizer |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112194540A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-01-08 | 新疆绿洲大洋生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of etiolated reed bio-organic fertilizer |
| CN114731903A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-07-12 | 湖州伟祥生态农业发展有限公司 | Method for producing edible fungi by using reed stem regenerated soil |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101302479B (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2012-07-11 | 赵大振 | Aromatic mushroom spawn and method for producing aromatic mushroom with the same |
| CN103382134A (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2013-11-06 | 山东芳绿农业科技有限公司 | Fermentation method of Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Sing cultivation matrix |
| CN103992163B (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2016-05-11 | 南京明珠肥料有限责任公司 | A kind of production technology of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer |
| CN104961565A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-10-07 | 桂林健成生物科技开发有限公司 | Application of peanut shells to cultivating agaricus bisporus |
-
2015
- 2015-10-12 CN CN201510654806.7A patent/CN105272454A/en active Pending
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2016
- 2016-08-01 CN CN201610620908.1A patent/CN106278566A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110218118A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-09-10 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of full stress-strain stalk particle fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN110759762A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-02-07 | 湖北省益客迅电子商务有限公司 | Preparation method of organic fertilizer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106278566A (en) | 2017-01-04 |
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Application publication date: 20160127 |