CN105268732A - Biological method for repairing contaminated soil - Google Patents
Biological method for repairing contaminated soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN105268732A CN105268732A CN201410317004.2A CN201410317004A CN105268732A CN 105268732 A CN105268732 A CN 105268732A CN 201410317004 A CN201410317004 A CN 201410317004A CN 105268732 A CN105268732 A CN 105268732A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil through earthworms. According to the method, the earthworms, namely eisenia foetida Taiping NO.2 earthworms, serve as the organisms of an enrichment test; the soil needing repairing is covered with a monofilm arched shield; an earthworm culture medium with a certain thickness is laid on the soil polluted by heavy metal, and an earthworm living layer with a certain thickness is formed; a proper number of the earthworms of the right age are input; the culture conditions of the earthworms in the arched shield are controlled; after two months of repairing, another culture medium of a certain thickness is laid on the surface layer, and repairing continues for two months under the said culture conditions; the earthworms with enriched heavy metal are separated from the soil; the concentration of the heavy metal in the repaired soil is detected; and if the concentration of the heavy metal in the soil still can not meet the repairing requirements, repairing continues for a period of two months again under the said culture conditions. All the parameters in the repairing process are quantized, the repairing efficiency is high, operation is simple and convenient, consumed time is short, and implementation of the project can be facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biological method of restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal, particularly relate to and utilize the geobiont of screening to carry out enrichment to heavy metal in soil, can be applicable to the reparation to contaminated soil.
Background technology
Environment Protect in China portion and Ministry of Land and Resources have issued national Soil Pollution Investigation publication on April 17th, 2014.Investigation result shows, and national soil environment situation totally allows of no optimist, and some areas soil pollution is heavier, and wherein, the heavy metal pollution problems such as cadmium, mercury, arsenic, copper are given prominence to.From the monitoring of some position, the total exceeding standard rate of national soil reaches 16.1%, and arable soil environmental quality causes anxiety, and a some position exceeding standard rate of ploughing (quantity that soil surpasses punctuation bit accounts for the ratio of points for investigation position total quantity) is up to 19.4%.In addition, heavy metal cadmium increases the weight of, and national soil cadmium content amplification is at most more than 50%." national Soil Pollution Investigation publication " that Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection and territory portion combine issue provides to draw a conclusion: " some areas soil pollution is heavier, and arable soil environmental quality causes anxiety, industry and mining discarded ground soil environment outstanding problem.”
Soil pollution reparation comes into one's own day by day.Research uses efficiently, the reparation of geobiont recovery technique to contaminated soil of low cost has important progradation.The current recovery technique about heavy metal-polluted soil reports physics or the chemical method of mainly heavy metal stable curing, concerns about bio restorative procedure report is less, in addition, Chen Tongbin reports the heavy metal utilized in plants enriched soil, solve the reparation to heavy metal polluted soil in mine field, there is certain environment, economic and social profit.But the drawbacks such as it is low to there is remediation efficiency, length consuming time, the present invention uses the heavy metal in earthworm improvement soil, has quantized the parameters in repair process, has been convenient to the enforcement carrying out engineering.High to the remediation efficiency of contaminated soil, easy to operation, consuming time short, be convenient to implement.
Summary of the invention
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of method of earthworm restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal that utilizes is as follows: like that victory belongs to peaceful No. two biologies as enrichment experiment of earthworm (Eiseniafoetida) using a kind of earthworm and compatriot; The soil monofilm shed needing to repair is covered, and this shed has the features such as structure is simple, easy for installation, economical and practical, and shed span: 6 meters, rises 1 meter, arch spacing 1 meter, domestic 0.10 millimeters thick plastic sheeting; Before reparation, detect the concentration of Heavy Metals in Contaminated Soils: the earthworm culture medium laying 15 cm thicks on the soil of heavy metal pollution, culture medium optimum formula is: fresh cow dung 75%, agricultural residues powder 25%, beneficial organism active bacteria liquid EM bacterium liquid (1: 200), form after 20 days through anaerobic fermentation; Mixed by the Soil tillage on 15 centimetres, the top layer of culture medium and heavy-metal composite pollution, form the earthworm life layer of 30 cm thicks, the repair action of Soil of Earthworms arable layer heavy metal pollution mainly carries out in this region; Every square metre is placed earthworm is 20,000, and the body weight of earthworm is 300-500 milligram, for there being the healthy earthworm of reproduction endless belt; Keep certain earthworm condition of culture; Repair after 2 months, re-lay the culture medium of 15 cm thicks on top layer, culture medium prescription, as front, continues reparation 2 months under aforementioned cultivating condition; Use light source to drive earthworm, the earthworm being enriched heavy metal is separated with the soil after reparation; Detect the concentration of heavy metal in soil after repairing, if the concentration of heavy metal in soil does not still reach the requirement of reparation, to continue under aforementioned cultivating condition with 2 months as one-period reparation.
Preferred version, a kind of method with earthworm restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal, specifically implement as follows:
(1) the choosing of test organism (earthworm)
Like that victory belongs to peaceful No. two biologies as enrichment experiment of earthworm (Eiseniafoetida) using a kind of earthworm and compatriot; Heavy metal contaminated soil carries out the enrichment experiment of heavy metal;
(2) contaminated soil environmental control equipment
The soil monofilm shed needing to repair is covered, and this shed has the features such as structure is simple, easy for installation, economical and practical, shed span: 6 meters, rise 1 meter, arch spacing 1 meter, domestic 0.10 millimeters thick plastic sheeting, practical, service life can reach more than 5 years.
(3) heavy metal in soil Concentration Testing before repairing
Before reparation, detect the concentration of Heavy Metals in Contaminated Soils.
(4) earthworm life layer is set
The soil of heavy metal pollution is laid the earthworm culture medium of 15 cm thicks, and culture medium optimum formula is: fresh cow dung 75%, agricultural residues powder 25%, beneficial organism active bacteria liquid EM bacterium liquid (1: 200), form after 20 days through anaerobic fermentation; Mixed by the Soil tillage on 15 centimetres, the top layer of culture medium and heavy-metal composite pollution, form the earthworm life layer of 30 cm thicks, the repair action of Soil of Earthworms arable layer heavy metal pollution mainly carries out in this region; Every square metre is placed earthworm is 20,000, and the body weight of earthworm is 300-500 milligram, for there being the healthy earthworm of reproduction endless belt.
(5) repair process earthworm condition of culture is arranged
Keep the cultivation temperature 20 ~ 23 DEG C of earthworm, in earthworm life layer, moisture accounts for 60-70% (weight), pH6 ~ 8, and salinity is less than 0.02% (volume), ammonia is less than 20% (volume), and sulfuration poison gas is less than 10% (volume).Red light source illumination is used in booth.
(6) repairing efficiency is arranged
Repair after 2 months, re-lay the culture medium of 15 cm thicks on top layer, culture medium prescription, as front, continues reparation 2 months under aforementioned cultivating condition.
(7) heavy metal in soil Concentration Testing after repairing
Use fluorescent light source to drive earthworm, be stripped to the life layer of earthworm gradually by top layer, the earthworm being enriched heavy metal is separated with the soil after reparation; Detect the concentration of heavy metal in soil after repairing, if the concentration of heavy metal in soil does not still reach the requirement of reparation, to continue under aforementioned cultivating condition with 2 months as one-period reparation.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention is a kind of method of peaceful No. two earthworm restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal, it is a kind of soil remediation method set up based on the bioconcentration of earthworm heavy metal, there is rehabilitation expense low, reparation required time is short, cost performance is high, workable, practical, be convenient to carry out the advantages such as repair process regulation and control; The method can complement one another with microorganism or plant restoration method.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further detailed explanation.These embodiments are implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention are not limited to following embodiment.
The method of embodiment 1 earthworm cadmium pollution soil repair
One, test procedure:
1, like that victory belongs to peaceful No. two biologies as enrichment experiment of earthworm (Eiseniafoetida) using a kind of earthworm and compatriot; Heavy metal contaminated soil carries out the enrichment experiment of heavy metal;
2, the soil monofilm shed needing to repair is covered, this shed has the features such as structure is simple, easy for installation, economical and practical, and shed span: 6 meters, rises 1 meter, arch spacing 1 meter, domestic 0.10 millimeters thick plastic sheeting;
3, in the shed of 15 meters × 6 meters × 1 meter, choose the plot of 3 pieces 5 meters × 6 meters × 1 meter, the concentration of setting Cadium In Polluted Soil is respectively 50mg/kg, 10mg/kg, 2mg/kg.
4, on contaminated soil, lay the earthworm culture medium of 15 cm thicks, culture medium optimum formula is: fresh cow dung 75%, agricultural residues powder 25%, beneficial organism active bacteria liquid EM bacterium liquid (1: 200), form after 20 days through anaerobic fermentation; Mixed by the Soil tillage on 15 centimetres, the top layer of culture medium and heavy-metal composite pollution, form the earthworm life layer of 30 cm thicks, the repair action of Soil of Earthworms arable layer heavy metal pollution mainly carries out in this region; Every square metre is placed earthworm is 20,000, and the body weight of earthworm is 300-500 milligram, for there being the healthy earthworm of reproduction endless belt.
5, the cultivation temperature 20 ~ 23 DEG C of earthworm is kept, in earthworm life layer, moisture accounts for 60-70% (weight), pH6 ~ 8, and salinity is less than 0.02% (volume), ammonia is less than 20% (volume), and sulfuration poison gas is less than 10% (volume).Red light source illumination is used in booth.
6, repair after 2 months, re-lay the culture medium of 15 cm thicks on top layer, culture medium prescription, as front, continues reparation 2 months under aforementioned cultivating condition.
7, use fluorescent light source to drive earthworm, be stripped to the life layer of earthworm gradually by top layer, the earthworm being enriched heavy metal is separated with the soil after reparation; Detect the concentration of heavy metal in soil after repairing, if the concentration of heavy metal in soil does not still reach the requirement of reparation, to continue under aforementioned cultivating condition with 2 months as one-period reparation.
Two, result of the test:
Repair after 6 months, detect the concentration of Cadmium in Soil, the mean concentration of Cadmium in Soil is respectively 4.61mg/kg, 1.4mg/kg, 0.16mg/kg.
Embodiment 2 earthworm repairs the method for mercury contaminated soil
One, test procedure:
1, like that victory belongs to peaceful No. two biologies as enrichment experiment of earthworm (Eiseniafoetida) using a kind of earthworm and compatriot; Heavy metal contaminated soil carries out the enrichment experiment of heavy metal;
2, the soil monofilm shed needing to repair is covered, this shed has the features such as structure is simple, easy for installation, economical and practical, and shed span: 6 meters, rises 1 meter, arch spacing 1 meter, domestic 0.10 millimeters thick plastic sheeting;
3, in the shed of 15 meters × 6 meters × 1 meter, choose the plot of 3 pieces 5 meters × 6 meters × 1 meter, in setting contaminated soil, the concentration of mercury is respectively 50mg/kg, 10mg/kg, 2mg/kg.
4, on contaminated soil, lay the earthworm culture medium of 15 cm thicks, culture medium optimum formula is: fresh cow dung 75%, agricultural residues powder 25%, beneficial organism active bacteria liquid EM bacterium liquid (1: 200), form after 20 days through anaerobic fermentation; Mixed by the Soil tillage on 15 centimetres, the top layer of culture medium and heavy-metal composite pollution, form the earthworm life layer of 30 cm thicks, the repair action of Soil of Earthworms arable layer heavy metal pollution mainly carries out in this region; Every square metre is placed earthworm is 20,000, and the body weight of earthworm is 300-500 milligram, for there being the healthy earthworm of reproduction endless belt.
5, the cultivation temperature 20 ~ 23 DEG C of earthworm is kept, in earthworm life layer, moisture accounts for 60-70% (weight), pH6 ~ 8, and salinity is less than 0.02% (volume), ammonia is less than 20% (volume), and sulfuration poison gas is less than 10% (volume).Red light source illumination is used in booth.
6, repair after 2 months, re-lay the culture medium of 15 cm thicks on top layer, culture medium prescription, as front, continues reparation 2 months under aforementioned cultivating condition.
7, use fluorescent light source to drive earthworm, be stripped to the life layer of earthworm gradually by top layer, the earthworm being enriched heavy metal is separated with the soil after reparation; Detect the concentration of heavy metal in soil after repairing, if the concentration of heavy metal in soil does not still reach the requirement of reparation, to continue under aforementioned cultivating condition with 2 months as one-period reparation.
Two, result of the test:
Repair after 6 months, detect the concentration of Arsenic in Soil, the concentration of Arsenic in Soil is respectively 8.68mg/kg, 1.67mg/kg, 0.31mg/kg.
Embodiment 3 earthworm repairs the method for As polluted soil
One, test procedure:
1, like that victory belongs to peaceful No. two biologies as enrichment experiment of earthworm (Eiseniafoetida) using a kind of earthworm and compatriot; Heavy metal contaminated soil carries out the enrichment experiment of heavy metal;
2, the soil monofilm shed needing to repair is covered, this shed has the features such as structure is simple, easy for installation, economical and practical, and shed span: 6 meters, rises 1 meter, arch spacing 1 meter, domestic 0.10 millimeters thick plastic sheeting;
3, in the shed of 15 meters × 6 meters × 1 meter, choose the plot of 3 pieces 5 meters × 6 meters × 1 meter, in setting contaminated soil, the concentration of arsenic is respectively 50mg/kg, 10mg/kg, 2mg/kg.
4, on contaminated soil, lay the earthworm culture medium of 15 cm thicks, culture medium optimum formula is: fresh cow dung 75%, agricultural residues powder 25%, beneficial organism active bacteria liquid EM bacterium liquid (1: 200), form after 20 days through anaerobic fermentation; Mixed by the Soil tillage on 15 centimetres, the top layer of culture medium and heavy-metal composite pollution, form the earthworm life layer of 30 cm thicks, the repair action of Soil of Earthworms arable layer heavy metal pollution mainly carries out in this region; Every square metre is placed earthworm is 20,000, and the body weight of earthworm is 300-500 milligram, for there being the healthy earthworm of reproduction endless belt.
5, the cultivation temperature 20 ~ 23 DEG C of earthworm is kept, in earthworm life layer, moisture accounts for 60-70% (weight), pH6 ~ 8, and salinity is less than 0.02% (volume), ammonia is less than 20% (volume), and sulfuration poison gas is less than 10% (volume).Red light source illumination is used in booth.
6, repair after 2 months, re-lay the culture medium of 15 cm thicks on top layer, culture medium prescription, as front, continues reparation 2 months under aforementioned cultivating condition.
7, use fluorescent light source to drive earthworm, be stripped to the life layer of earthworm gradually by top layer, the earthworm being enriched heavy metal is separated with the soil after reparation; Detect the concentration of heavy metal in soil after repairing, if the concentration of heavy metal in soil does not still reach the requirement of reparation, to continue under aforementioned cultivating condition with 2 months as one-period reparation.
Two, result of the test:
Repair after 6 months, detect the concentration of Arsenic in Soil, the concentration of Arsenic in Soil is respectively 11.65mg/kg, 2.57mg/kg, 1.06mg/kg.
Claims (9)
1. a biological method for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal, is characterized in that, likes that victory belongs to peaceful No. two biologies as enrichment experiment of earthworm (Eiseniafoetida) using a kind of earthworm and compatriot; The soil monofilm shed needing to repair is covered, and this shed has the features such as structure is simple, easy for installation, economical and practical, and shed span: 6 meters, rises 1 meter, arch spacing 1 meter, domestic 0.10 millimeters thick plastic sheeting; Before reparation, detect the concentration of Heavy Metals in Contaminated Soils; The soil of heavy metal pollution is laid the earthworm culture medium of 15 cm thicks, and culture medium optimum formula is: fresh cow dung 75%, agricultural residues powder 25%, beneficial organism active bacteria liquid EM bacterium liquid (1: 200), form after 20 days through anaerobic fermentation; Mixed by the Soil tillage on 15 centimetres, the top layer of culture medium and heavy-metal composite pollution, form the earthworm life layer of 30 cm thicks, the repair action of Soil of Earthworms arable layer heavy metal pollution mainly carries out in this region; Every square metre is placed earthworm is 20,000, and the body weight of earthworm is 300-500 milligram, for there being the healthy earthworm of reproduction endless belt; Keep certain earthworm condition of culture; Repair after 2 months, re-lay the culture medium of 15 cm thicks on top layer, culture medium prescription, as front, continues reparation 2 months under aforementioned cultivating condition; Use light source to drive earthworm, the earthworm being enriched heavy metal is separated with the soil after reparation; Detect the concentration of heavy metal in soil after repairing, if the concentration of heavy metal in soil does not still reach the requirement of reparation, to continue under aforementioned cultivating condition with 2 months as one-period reparation.
2. the method utilizing earthworm restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal according to claim 1, is characterized in that, specifically carries out as follows:
(1) the choosing of test organism (earthworm)
Like that victory belongs to peaceful No. two biologies as enrichment experiment of earthworm (Eiseniafoetida) using a kind of earthworm and compatriot; Heavy metal contaminated soil carries out the enrichment experiment of heavy metal;
(2) contaminated soil environmental control equipment
The soil monofilm shed needing to repair is covered, and this shed has the features such as structure is simple, easy for installation, economical and practical, shed span: 6 meters, rise 1 meter, arch spacing 1 meter, domestic 0.10 millimeters thick plastic sheeting, practical, service life can reach more than 5 years.
(3) heavy metal in soil Concentration Testing before repairing
Before reparation, detect the concentration of Heavy Metals in Contaminated Soils.
(4) earthworm life layer is set
The soil of heavy metal pollution is laid the earthworm culture medium of 15 cm thicks, and culture medium optimum formula is: fresh cow dung 75%, agricultural residues powder 25%, beneficial organism active bacteria liquid EM bacterium liquid (1: 200), form after 20 days through anaerobic fermentation; Mixed by the Soil tillage on 15 centimetres, the top layer of culture medium and heavy-metal composite pollution, form the earthworm life layer of 30 cm thicks, the repair action of Soil of Earthworms arable layer heavy metal pollution mainly carries out in this region; Every square metre is placed earthworm is 20,000, and the body weight of earthworm is 300-500 milligram, for there being the healthy earthworm of reproduction endless belt.
(5) repair process earthworm condition of culture is arranged
Keep the cultivation temperature 20 ~ 23 DEG C of earthworm, in earthworm life layer, moisture accounts for 60-70% (weight), pH6 ~ 8, and salinity is less than 0.02% (volume), ammonia is less than 20% (volume), and sulfuration poison gas is less than 10% (volume).Red light source illumination is used in booth.
(6) repairing efficiency is arranged
Repair after 2 months, re-lay the culture medium of 15 cm thicks on top layer, culture medium prescription, as front, continues reparation 2 months under aforementioned cultivating condition.
(7) heavy metal in soil Concentration Testing after repairing
Use light source to drive earthworm, be stripped to the life layer of earthworm gradually by top layer, the earthworm being enriched heavy metal is separated with the soil after reparation; Detect the concentration of heavy metal in soil after repairing, if the concentration of heavy metal in soil does not still reach the requirement of reparation, to continue under aforementioned cultivating condition with 2 months as one-period reparation.
3. the method utilizing earthworm restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in said method, in step (1), like that victory belongs to peaceful No. two biologies as enrichment experiment of earthworm (Eiseniafoetida) using compatriot.
4. the method utilizing earthworm restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, rehabilitating soil monofilm shed used in step (2), this shed has the features such as structure is simple, easy for installation, economical and practical, shed span: 6 meters, rise 1 meter, arch spacing 1 meter, domestic 0.10 millimeters thick plastic sheeting.
5. the method utilizing earthworm restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal according to claim 2, is characterized in that, before repairing, detects the concentration of Heavy Metals in Contaminated Soils in step (3).
6. the method utilizing earthworm restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, at the earthworm culture medium laying 15 cm thicks on the soil of heavy metal pollution described in step (4), culture medium optimum formula is: fresh cow dung 75%, agricultural residues powder 25%, beneficial organism active bacteria liquid EM bacterium liquid (1: 200), form after 20 days through anaerobic fermentation; Mixed by the Soil tillage on 15 centimetres, the top layer of culture medium and heavy-metal composite pollution, form the earthworm life layer of 30 cm thicks, the repair action of Soil of Earthworms arable layer heavy metal pollution mainly carries out in this region; Every square metre is placed earthworm is 20,000, and the body weight of earthworm is 300-500 milligram, for there being the healthy earthworm of reproduction endless belt.
7. the method utilizing earthworm restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described in step (5), repair process earthworm condition of culture is set to cultivation temperature 20 ~ 23 DEG C, in earthworm life layer, moisture accounts for 60-70% (weight), pH6 ~ 8, salinity is less than 0.02% (volume), and ammonia is less than 20% (volume), and sulfuration poison gas is less than 10% (volume).Red light source illumination is used in booth.
8. the method utilizing earthworm restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, repairing efficiency described in step (6) is that reparation is after 2 months, the culture medium of 15 cm thicks is re-layed on top layer, culture medium prescription, as front, continues reparation 2 months under aforementioned cultivating condition.
9. the method that Heavy Metal Ecological toxicity in water body deposit is evaluated according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, heavy metal in soil Concentration Testing after repairing described in step (7), light source is used to drive earthworm, be stripped to the life layer of earthworm gradually by top layer, the earthworm being enriched heavy metal is separated with the soil after reparation; Detect the concentration of heavy metal in soil after repairing, if the concentration of heavy metal in soil does not still reach the requirement of reparation, to continue under aforementioned cultivating condition with 2 months as one-period reparation.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107199238A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-09-26 | 程刚 | The elution module and its ELUTION METHOD of vehicle-mounted integrated form Soil leaching prosthetic device |
| CN110404958A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-11-05 | 上海市环境科学研究院 | A method of utilizing Trichoderma and earthworm interaction remediating heavy metal and organic pollutant combined contamination soil |
| CN112292954A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-02-02 | 中昆虫业湖北生物科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional ecological system of insect-fungus sand and construction method thereof |
| CN113033992A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-25 | 东北农业大学 | Method for monitoring cadmium pollution of soil |
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| CN101857346A (en) * | 2010-05-24 | 2010-10-13 | 北京龙威昌生物科技有限公司 | Biological processing technology of earthworms contained in municipal sludge |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107199238A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-09-26 | 程刚 | The elution module and its ELUTION METHOD of vehicle-mounted integrated form Soil leaching prosthetic device |
| CN110404958A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-11-05 | 上海市环境科学研究院 | A method of utilizing Trichoderma and earthworm interaction remediating heavy metal and organic pollutant combined contamination soil |
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| CN112292954B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2022-07-26 | 中昆虫业湖北生物科技有限公司 | Insect-bacterium sand three-dimensional ecological system and construction method thereof |
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