CN105259472A - Harmonic source positioning method of electric energy quality monitoring device, and electric energy quality monitoring device thereof - Google Patents
Harmonic source positioning method of electric energy quality monitoring device, and electric energy quality monitoring device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105259472A CN105259472A CN201510672414.3A CN201510672414A CN105259472A CN 105259472 A CN105259472 A CN 105259472A CN 201510672414 A CN201510672414 A CN 201510672414A CN 105259472 A CN105259472 A CN 105259472A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a harmonic source positioning method of an electric energy quality monitoring device, and the electric energy quality monitoring device thereof. The harmonic source positioning method comprises the steps of acquiring a real-time signal in a power grid; performing harmonic analysis on the real-time signal according to a preset algorithm; determining first measuring nodes according to the data of harmonic analysis and a network topology structure; representing a harmonic injection current of each node according to the first sparse measuring nodes; determining second measuring nodes according to the harmonic injection current of each node; and representing the harmonic injection current of each node according to the second sparse measuring nodes, thereby obtaining the node of each harmonic source. According to the harmonic source positioning method of the electric energy quality monitoring device, a harmonic source positioning algorithm based on a sparse representation method, thereby realizing accurate positioning for multiple harmonic sources, and supplying a sufficient theoretical basis and data supporting for dividing the responsibility of each harmonic source and punishing a harmonic problem through economic means by a power supply company.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of power systems, particularly relate to a kind of harmonic source location method of equipment for monitoring power quality, the equipment for monitoring power quality for harmonic source location.
Background technology
Along with the application of the nonlinear elements such as a large amount of power electronic equipments, the harmonic pollution problems in electric system is day by day serious.Harmonic wave can cause the wave form distortion of supply voltage, and exists the danger of resonance occurs, and causes electrical network to occur on a large scale, significantly superpotential and overcurrent problem.Therefore effectively the harmonics level controlled in electrical network is problem demanding prompt solution, and to locate harmonic source be reasonably and accurately the important prerequisite of effectively administering harmonic wave.
At present, many electric power enterprises have built equipment for monitoring power quality in succession.Existing equipment for monitoring power quality can in real time, each electric parameter of periodic monitor field apparatus and on-off state, comprise three-phase voltage, electric current, power, power factor, frequency, harmonic wave, degree of unbalancedness, electric current k-factor, the current waveform factor, voltage crest factor, electric energy, temperature, the position of the switch, equipment running status etc., the situation of change of each key node quality of power supply can be drawn thus.But in force, also have the following disadvantages:
In the power distribution network containing multiple harmonic source, the harmonic distortion voltage at point of common coupling (PCC) place is produced by multiple harmonic source acting in conjunction often.Current equipment for monitoring power quality only can obtain the Monitoring Data of the quality of power supply, just carries out power quality analysis.In the distribution system containing multiple harmonic source, when there is the power quality problem caused by harmonic wave, equipment for monitoring power quality accurately cannot identify " problem " harmonic source.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, be necessary for the problems referred to above, a kind of harmonic source location method and equipment for monitoring power quality of equipment for monitoring power quality be provided, equipment for monitoring power quality can be made accurately to locate Multi-harmonic Sources.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A harmonic source location method for equipment for monitoring power quality, comprises step:
Gather the live signal in electrical network;
According to preset algorithm, frequency analysis is carried out to described live signal;
The first measurement node is determined according to the data of frequency analysis and topology of networks;
According to the harmonic injection electric current of each node of the first measurement node rarefaction representation;
Harmonic injection electric current according to each node determines the second measurement node;
According to the harmonic injection electric current of each node of the second measurement node rarefaction representation, obtain the node at each harmonic source place.
For an equipment for monitoring power quality for harmonic source location, comprising:
Signal acquisition module, for gathering the live signal in electrical network;
Frequency analysis module, for carrying out frequency analysis according to preset algorithm to described live signal;
First measurement node determination module, for determining the first measurement node according to the data of frequency analysis and topology of networks;
Harmonic injection electric current determination module, for the harmonic injection electric current according to each node of the first measurement node rarefaction representation;
First measurement node determination module, determines the second measurement node for the harmonic injection electric current according to each node;
Each harmonic source location module, for the harmonic injection electric current according to each node of the second measurement node rarefaction representation, obtains the node at each harmonic source place.
The harmonic source location method of equipment for monitoring power quality of the present invention and equipment for monitoring power quality, in order to get rid of the impact of anharmonic wave source interference current, 2 rarefaction representation methods are adopted to position Multi-harmonic Sources: to obtain harmonic source current estimation result by first rarefaction representation method, reduce the suspect region of harmonic source; Then carry out the corresponding adjustment of measurement node according to first harmonic source current estimation result, carry out secondary rarefaction representation, thus obtain the accurate location of Multi-harmonic Sources according to the harmonic current size of each node of second time rarefaction representation.The present invention uses the harmonic source location algorithm based on improving rarefaction representation method in equipment for monitoring power quality, thus realize the precise positioning of Multi-harmonic Sources, the sufficient theoretical foundation dividing each harmonic source harmonic contributions for electric company and adopt economic means punishment harmonic problem to provide and Data support.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the harmonic source location embodiment of the method for equipment for monitoring power quality of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the present invention for the equipment for monitoring power quality embodiment of harmonic source location;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of signal acquisition module embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The technical matters that will solve for a better understanding of the present invention, the technical scheme taked and the technique effect reached, be described in detail the specific embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of harmonic source location method of equipment for monitoring power quality, comprises step:
S110, the live signal gathered in electrical network;
S120, according to preset algorithm, frequency analysis is carried out to described live signal;
S130, determine the first measurement node according to the data of frequency analysis and topology of networks;
S140, harmonic injection electric current according to each node of the first measurement node rarefaction representation;
S150, determine the second measurement node according to the harmonic injection electric current of each node;
S160, harmonic injection electric current according to each node of the second measurement node rarefaction representation, obtain the node at each harmonic source place.
Location in order to the Multi-harmonic Sources for equipment for monitoring power quality provides Data Source accurately, and the present invention can monitor all monitoring circuits under a transformer station simultaneously, guarantees the collection clock synchronous of each passage.So in one embodiment, step S110 can comprise:
S1101, by voltage and current sensor, the Voltage to current transducer of collection is become voltage signal;
S1102, voltage signal to be amplified by gain programmable instrumentation amplifier;
S1103, by amplify after voltage signal carry out synchronized sampling by PLL synchronous sampling circuit circuit;
S1104, the voltage signal after synchronized sampling is carried out filtering by frequency overlapped-resistable filter;
S1105, filtered voltage signal is carried out analog to digital conversion by hyperchannel A/D change-over circuit;
S1106, the voltage signal after analog to digital conversion is carried out real-time data acquisition by dsp chip.
By voltage and current sensor, the Voltage to current transducer of collection is become voltage signal, voltage signal magnitude after conversion is less, peak value is about 40mV (millivolt), is not easy to measure, and therefore needs to be amplified voltage signal by gain programmable instrumentation amplifier.The common-mode rejection ratio of most of instrumentation amplifier just starts decay at 200Hz (hertz) place in the market, the designing requirement of monitoring device of the present invention can not be met, so, the present invention adopts gain programmable instrumentation amplifier, such as gain programmable high-performance instrumentation amplifier AD8221 etc.Instrumentation amplifier able to programme can provide industrial higher common-mode rejection ratio.Such as, when gain is 1, AD8221 can in the common-mode rejection ratio of minimally 80dB (decibel) at different levels, until frequency reaches 10kHz (KHz), thus it can well suppress broadband interference and linear distortion.
In mains by harmonics is measured, due to the change of mains frequency, if sample frequency is fixed, then can cause non-integer-period sampled, thus cause spectrum leakage, bring the additive error of measurement.Therefore, the key that synchronized sampling is Measurement accuracy live signal is carried out.Synchronized sampling is exactly undertaken evenly discrete by the one-period of signal or multiple cycle, gets the instantaneous value of its signal at each discrete point place.In power system measuring, except will knowing every road signal value size, also will know the phase relation between the signal of every road, this just requires to adopt synchronous sampling technique to obtain information accurately.
The present invention adopts PLL synchronous sampling circuit circuit to carry out synchronized sampling, and PLL synchronous sampling circuit circuit can adopt existing circuit realiration in prior art.In one embodiment, described PLL synchronous sampling circuit circuit can comprise integrated phase lock chip sum counter.Integrated phase lock chip can select the versatility integrated phase lock chip CD4046 etc. of widespread use, and counter can adopt 12 grades of binary counter (frequency divider) CD4040.
For preventing aliasing, the voltage signal after synchronized sampling need through frequency overlapped-resistable filter, by higher hamonic wave filtering, unaffected to ensure the harmonic wave within 50 times, guarantees measuring accuracy.In one embodiment, described frequency overlapped-resistable filter can be active power filtering chip, such as universal active power filtering chip MAX275 etc.MAX275 includes two independently second-order active power filter circuit, can carry out low pass and bandpass filtering respectively simultaneously.
Hyperchannel A/D change-over circuit can adopt analog to digital conversion circuit of the prior art, such as AD7665 etc.Hyperchannel A/D change-over circuit need ensure the high-speed, high precision continuous sampling simultaneously of multichannel signal.Because acquisition channel can reach 75, therefore, continuous sampling speed and how to realize multichannel clock synchronization issue particularly crucial, otherwise cannot positioning analysis accurately be carried out.In addition, multiple analysis indexes such as flicker source, the harmonic source location etc. of the quality of power supply all require the clock signal synchronization of all monitoring circuits.In one embodiment, in order to ensure the data acquisition clock synchronous under multi-channel testing, principal and subordinate's card cascade of described hyperchannel A/D change-over circuit.
When adopting principal and subordinate's card cascade, main card generally uses internal clock source module, and uses external clock source pattern from card.Until main card, be initialised from card by corresponding clock source pattern after, first start all from card, clock signal is not had because main card is not also activated, so enter waiting status from card, until main card all being activated from card while being activated, namely achieve the function of many cards synchronous averaging.When the sampling channel number needed is greater than the port number of a card, use the mode extended channel quantity of many cards cascade.
Dsp chip adopts existing chip in prior art to realize, such as TMS320VC5509ADSP etc.Dsp chip is except the signal that input hyperchannel A/D change-over circuit exports, also input the pulse signal of the GPS after Phototube Coupling and trigger the switching value of record ripple, power quality analysis (comprising frequency, frequency spectrum, tri-phase unbalance factor, voltage deviation, flickering, variation in voltage) and Correlation method for data processing (when switching value triggers record ripple and accurate pair) are carried out to the digital signal of input, then send industrial computer by test result by PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect standard) bus.In addition, when the quality of power supply exceeds standard, dsp chip exports the switching value that exceeds standard.
In live signal spectrum analysis, general adopt traditional fft algorithm, but need to calculate not all or part of frequency spectrum in the same time time, fft algorithm calculated amount is too large, cannot realize multi-channel testing and complete spectrum analysis in an acquisition time interval.So in one embodiment, described preset algorithm can be sliding DFT algorithm, and described sliding DFT algorithm comprises pointwise sliding DFT algorithm and multiple spot sliding DFT algorithm;
If continuous acquisition live signal, according to pointwise sliding DFT algorithm, frequency analysis is carried out to described live signal;
If interrupted collection live signal, according to multiple spot sliding DFT algorithm, frequency analysis is carried out to described live signal.
Pointwise sliding DFT algorithm and multiple spot sliding DFT algorithm all can adopt existing algorithm in prior art.Sliding DFT algorithm can reduce calculated amount greatly, and the spectral line that particularly can only need for some calculates, and improves dirigibility and the high efficiency of spectrum analysis.
After carrying out spectrum analysis, the present invention adopts secondary rarefaction representation method accurately to locate Multi-harmonic Sources.In order to better understand secondary rarefaction representation method, be described in detail below.
Based on the measure configuration algorithm of rarefaction representation method, exactly when determining that the quantity s of harmonic source appears in suspect region simultaneously, find in measurement node set the s=||I ' that satisfies condition || 0<s
spark(W11)/2 subsets little as far as possible, realize the complete Observable of system.Draw s
sparkboundary condition can simplify measure configuration problem, namely
Formula (1) shows, if make μ (W in layoutprocedure
11) value little as far as possible, s
spark(W
11) value will be large as far as possible, and then ensure system ornamental to the utmost.Measure configuration step is as follows:
11) determine to occur the maximum quantity s of harmonic source and the quantity M of measure configuration simultaneously, form the admittance matrix of each harmonic;
12) according to topology of networks and admittance matrix, measurement matrix W11 to be selected is determined.By each column vector normalization in W11, and calculate s
spark(W
11) and μ (W
11);
13) in measurement matrix to be selected, a measurement node is removed one by one.If the deletion of certain measurement node makes s
spark(W
11) the maximum and μ (W of amplification
11) amplification minimum, then by this node get rid of outside the scope of measurement node;
14) step 12 is repeated)-13), until measure configuration reduces to the quantity pre-set;
15) for considered each harmonic, step 11 is repeated)-14).
In rarefaction representation method, the configuration of different measurement node can affect the accuracy of positioning result.If merely select measurement node according to topology of networks and admittance matrix, then ignore other anharmonic wave source nodes in suspect region and there are the actual conditions of interference noise.And the existence of interference noise, very easily cause system can not be completely considerable, and then make accurately to orient harmonic source.So the selection of measurement node not only will meet uniqueness and the equivalence of rarefaction representation according to topology of networks as far as possible, and to make on its node be arranged on very likely for harmonic source according to the first results of weak current estimated as far as possible.Measure configuration Optimization Steps is as follows:
21) s corresponding when measurement node quantity is increased to p from 1 is obtained according to above-mentioned measure configuration algorithm
spark(W11) numerical intervals set Z
spark;
22) Z is obtained
sparkin minimum measurement number of nodes m required when being greater than 2s
s, compare m
swith the size of M.If m
sbe less than M, then, in M measurement node, system is completely considerable, directly adopts above-mentioned measure configuration algorithm; If m
sbe greater than M, then, in M measurement node, system can not reach completely considerable, will do following optimization:
23) Z is compared
sparkin minimum measurement number of nodes m required when being greater than 1
s-1with the size of M.By that analogy, until Z
sparkin minimum measurement number of nodes m required when being greater than 2 (s-n)
s-nwithin M, obtain m
s-ncorresponding measurement node set omega
0;
24) under s harmonic source, ms-n+s measurement node, i.e. M>m is at least needed
s-n+s.First with measuring node set Ω
0carry out the harmonic injection electricity I ' of rarefaction representation whole system node
m-z, and the node set Ω of s before drawing current values rank
1.Then by Ω
0and Ω
1form M measurement node, carry out the harmonic injection electric current I of rarefaction representation whole system node '
m;
25) the node set Ω of s before harmonic injection current values rank is drawn
2, node set Ω
2the i.e. node at s harmonic source place.
Based on same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a kind of equipment for monitoring power quality for harmonic source location, is described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiment of accompanying drawing to apparatus of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of equipment for monitoring power quality for harmonic source location, comprising:
Signal acquisition module 110, for gathering the live signal in electrical network;
Frequency analysis module 120, for carrying out frequency analysis according to preset algorithm to described live signal;
First measurement node determination module 130, for determining the first measurement node according to the data of frequency analysis and topology of networks;
Harmonic injection electric current determination module 140, for the harmonic injection electric current according to each node of the first measurement node rarefaction representation;
First measurement node determination module 150, determines the second measurement node for the harmonic injection electric current according to each node;
Each harmonic source location module 160, for the harmonic injection electric current according to each node of the second measurement node rarefaction representation, obtains the node at each harmonic source place.
Location in order to the Multi-harmonic Sources for equipment for monitoring power quality provides Data Source accurately, and the present invention can monitor all monitoring circuits under a transformer station simultaneously, guarantees the collection clock synchronous of each passage.So in one embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, described signal acquisition module 110 can comprise:
Voltage signal converting unit 1101, for becoming voltage signal by voltage and current sensor by the Voltage to current transducer of collection;
Signal amplification unit 1102, for amplifying voltage signal by gain programmable instrumentation amplifier;
Synchronized sampling unit 1103, for carrying out synchronized sampling by the voltage signal after amplification by PLL synchronous sampling circuit circuit;
Filter unit 1104, for carrying out filtering by the voltage signal after synchronized sampling by frequency overlapped-resistable filter;
AD conversion unit 1105, for carrying out analog to digital conversion by filtered voltage signal by hyperchannel A/D change-over circuit;
Data acquisition unit 1106, for carrying out real-time data acquisition by the voltage signal after analog to digital conversion by dsp chip.
Gain programmable high-performance instrumentation amplifier AD8221 etc., instrumentation amplifier able to programme can provide industrial higher common-mode rejection ratio.PLL synchronous sampling circuit circuit can adopt existing circuit realiration in prior art.In one embodiment, described PLL synchronous sampling circuit circuit can comprise integrated phase lock chip sum counter.Integrated phase lock chip can select the versatility integrated phase lock chip CD4046 etc. of widespread use, and counter can adopt 12 grades of binary counter (frequency divider) CD4040.Described frequency overlapped-resistable filter can be active power filtering chip, such as universal active power filtering chip MAX275 etc.Hyperchannel A/D change-over circuit can adopt analog to digital conversion circuit of the prior art, such as AD7665 etc.In one embodiment, in order to ensure the data acquisition clock synchronous under multi-channel testing, principal and subordinate's card cascade of described hyperchannel A/D change-over circuit.Dsp chip adopts existing chip in prior art to realize, such as TMS320VC5509ADSP etc.
In live signal spectrum analysis, general adopt traditional fft algorithm, but need to calculate not all or part of frequency spectrum in the same time time, fft algorithm calculated amount is too large, cannot realize multi-channel testing and complete spectrum analysis in an acquisition time interval.So in one embodiment, described preset algorithm can be sliding DFT algorithm, and described sliding DFT algorithm comprises pointwise sliding DFT algorithm and multiple spot sliding DFT algorithm; Frequency analysis module 120, when live signal is continuous acquisition, carries out frequency analysis according to pointwise sliding DFT algorithm to described live signal; When live signal is interrupted collection, according to multiple spot sliding DFT algorithm, frequency analysis is carried out to described live signal.
Pointwise sliding DFT algorithm and multiple spot sliding DFT algorithm all can adopt existing algorithm in prior art.Sliding DFT algorithm can reduce calculated amount greatly, and the spectral line that particularly can only need for some calculates, and improves dirigibility and the high efficiency of spectrum analysis.
Other technical characteristic of equipment for monitoring power quality that the present invention is used for harmonic source location is identical with said method, does not repeat them here.
Each technical characteristic of the above embodiment can combine arbitrarily, for making description succinct, the all possible combination of each technical characteristic in above-described embodiment is not all described, but, as long as the combination of these technical characteristics does not exist contradiction, be all considered to be the scope that this instructions is recorded.
The above embodiment only have expressed several embodiment of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but can not therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (10)
1. a harmonic source location method for equipment for monitoring power quality, is characterized in that, comprise step:
Gather the live signal in electrical network;
According to preset algorithm, frequency analysis is carried out to described live signal;
The first measurement node is determined according to the data of frequency analysis and topology of networks;
According to the harmonic injection electric current of each node of the first measurement node rarefaction representation;
Harmonic injection electric current according to each node determines the second measurement node;
According to the harmonic injection electric current of each node of the second measurement node rarefaction representation, obtain the node at each harmonic source place.
2. the harmonic source location method of equipment for monitoring power quality according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the step gathering the live signal in electrical network comprises:
By voltage and current sensor, the Voltage to current transducer of collection is become voltage signal;
Voltage signal is amplified by gain programmable instrumentation amplifier;
Voltage signal after amplifying is carried out synchronized sampling by PLL synchronous sampling circuit circuit;
Voltage signal after synchronized sampling is carried out filtering by frequency overlapped-resistable filter;
Filtered voltage signal is carried out analog to digital conversion by hyperchannel A/D change-over circuit;
Voltage signal after analog to digital conversion is carried out real-time data acquisition by dsp chip.
3. the harmonic source location method of equipment for monitoring power quality according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described PLL synchronous sampling circuit circuit comprises integrated phase lock chip sum counter.
4. the harmonic source location method of the equipment for monitoring power quality according to Claims 2 or 3, is characterized in that, principal and subordinate's card cascade of described hyperchannel A/D change-over circuit.
5. the harmonic source location method of equipment for monitoring power quality according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described preset algorithm is sliding DFT algorithm, and described sliding DFT algorithm comprises pointwise sliding DFT algorithm and multiple spot sliding DFT algorithm;
If continuous acquisition live signal, according to pointwise sliding DFT algorithm, frequency analysis is carried out to described live signal;
If interrupted collection live signal, according to multiple spot sliding DFT algorithm, frequency analysis is carried out to described live signal.
6. for an equipment for monitoring power quality for harmonic source location, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Signal acquisition module, for gathering the live signal in electrical network;
Frequency analysis module, for carrying out frequency analysis according to preset algorithm to described live signal;
First measurement node determination module, for determining the first measurement node according to the data of frequency analysis and topology of networks;
Harmonic injection electric current determination module, for the harmonic injection electric current according to each node of the first measurement node rarefaction representation;
First measurement node determination module, determines the second measurement node for the harmonic injection electric current according to each node;
Each harmonic source location module, for the harmonic injection electric current according to each node of the second measurement node rarefaction representation, obtains the node at each harmonic source place.
7. the equipment for monitoring power quality for harmonic source location according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described signal acquisition module comprises:
Voltage signal converting unit, for becoming voltage signal by voltage and current sensor by the Voltage to current transducer of collection;
Signal amplification unit, for amplifying voltage signal by gain programmable instrumentation amplifier;
Synchronized sampling unit, for carrying out synchronized sampling by the voltage signal after amplification by PLL synchronous sampling circuit circuit;
Filter unit, for carrying out filtering by the voltage signal after synchronized sampling by frequency overlapped-resistable filter;
AD conversion unit, for carrying out analog to digital conversion by filtered voltage signal by hyperchannel A/D change-over circuit;
Data acquisition unit, for carrying out real-time data acquisition by the voltage signal after analog to digital conversion by dsp chip.
8. the equipment for monitoring power quality for harmonic source location according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described PLL synchronous sampling circuit circuit comprises integrated phase lock chip sum counter.
9. the equipment for monitoring power quality for harmonic source location according to claim 7 or 8, is characterized in that, principal and subordinate's card cascade of described hyperchannel A/D change-over circuit.
10. the equipment for monitoring power quality for harmonic source location according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described preset algorithm is sliding DFT algorithm, and described sliding DFT algorithm comprises pointwise sliding DFT algorithm and multiple spot sliding DFT algorithm;
Frequency analysis module, when live signal is continuous acquisition, carries out frequency analysis according to pointwise sliding DFT algorithm to described live signal; When live signal is interrupted collection, according to multiple spot sliding DFT algorithm, frequency analysis is carried out to described live signal.
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CN110927425A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2020-03-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Harmonic source section positioning method of power distribution network based on harmonic current monitoring |
CN110927426A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2020-03-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Harmonic source section positioning method for power distribution network |
CN110927426B (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2021-09-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Harmonic source section positioning method for power distribution network |
CN110927425B (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2021-09-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Harmonic source section positioning method of power distribution network based on harmonic current monitoring |
CN110287449A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-09-27 | 中国石油大学(华东) | It is a kind of meter and topologies change Distribution Network Harmonics measuring point Optimal Configuration Method |
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