CN105253991A - Electromagnetic field coupling desalting device with pollution reduction function and method - Google Patents
Electromagnetic field coupling desalting device with pollution reduction function and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105253991A CN105253991A CN201510680556.4A CN201510680556A CN105253991A CN 105253991 A CN105253991 A CN 105253991A CN 201510680556 A CN201510680556 A CN 201510680556A CN 105253991 A CN105253991 A CN 105253991A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electromagnetic field coupling desalting device with a pollution reduction function and a method. The device comprises a reactor, wherein the reactor is sequentially divided into an anode chamber, a middle chamber and a cathode chamber; a domestic wastewater inlet and a domestic wastewater outlet are formed in the anode chamber, and an anode electrode is arranged in the anode chamber; a seawater inlet and a freshwater outlet are formed in the middle chamber; an acidic wastewater inlet and an acidic wastewater outlet are formed in the cathode chamber, and a cathode electrode is arranged in the cathode chamber; the cathode electrode is connected with the anode electrode through a wire; a weak magnet for providing a horizontal magnetic field for the inside of the anode chamber and a strong magnet for providing a perpendicular magnetic field for the inside of the middle chamber are arranged outside the reactor. The domestic wastewater is sent to the anode chamber, the acidic wastewater is sent to the cathode chamber, seawater is sent to the middle chamber, the perpendicular magnetic field of the middle chamber and the horizontal magnetic field of the anode chamber are started for an electromagnetic field coupling desalting reaction, and salt in the seawater can be removed through an electromagnetic field coupling magnetic field generated by the device while the domestic wastewater is treated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sea water desaltination and sanitary sewage disposal field, specifically refer to and a kind ofly have the electromagnetic field couples desalting method and device that fall dirty function concurrently.
Background technology
It is one of focal issue of 21 century that Freshwater resources lack.According to statistics, tellurian gross amount of water resources is huge, about 13.8 hundred million cubic kilometers, but wherein 97.5% is seawater (13.45 hundred million cubic kilometers), fresh water only accounts for 2.5%, this wherein the overwhelming majority be again polar ice snow ice river and underground water, that is really enjoyed by the mankind only has 0.01%.Although the 6th, the Freshwater resources rank world of China, but the skewness of water resources on room and time causes the 119th, the Freshwater resources rank world per capita of China, the whole nation has 110 city serious water shortages especially, under this severe situation, the problem that development desalination technology industry solves water source rare is extremely urgent.
Traditional desalination technology has distillation method, cold method, electroosmose process, embrane method etc.Distillation method is more original, and by heating seawater, the mode of condensation and salt depart from again through overflash to make water.The problems such as but it is high that distillation plant exists cost, under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, accessory is fragile, and energy consumption is huge.Cold method is the way isolated salinity thus obtain seawater from icing seawater.But freezing seawater process is also that power consumption is huge, and it is poor to be separated the seawer quality obtained.Electroosmose process and embrane method are the new direction of two kinds of sea water desaltinations, although electroosmose process solves, energy consumption is large, interpolation chemical agent is many, operate the problems such as numerous, and the chemical agent added in sea water desaltination room is residual makes water outlet not be used as tap water; And the embrane method shortcomings such as to there is film cost high, reusing difference.
Patent CN201510130271.3 discloses a kind of seawater desalination system and method for desalting seawater, under the effect of electric field, there are ion concentration polarization phenomena by the gritty particle in seawater, then seawater is under the effect of ambient pressure, and gritty particle is reached with fresh water and is separated.But this system accessories complexity needs multiple working procedure to form, and this system is only applicable to a small amount of sea water desaltination, and in extension process, energy consumption also can strengthen, and application prospect is less.And patent CN201210289714.X invention relates to a kind of sea water desalinating plant, comprise air humidification tower and air dehumidification tower, the top of air humidification tower and air dehumidification tower is interconnected, the device of this sea water desaltination utilizes the waste heat of thermal power plant to manufacture fresh water, the cost of sea water desaltination is reduced, but limits because this feature makes sea water desaltination greatly receive region.
Meanwhile, along with the quickening of urbanization process, sanitary sewage quantity discharged sharply increases.At present, the process of sanitary sewage is intended to the COD removed wherein, and research shows that COD is a kind of poor energy, there is potential utility value.On the other hand, utilizing magnetic field to concentrate with purified water is a technology with potential application foreground.
Therefore, how by the water treatment in multiple direction and the coupling of multiple biophysical technology to reach energy-saving and environmental protection, continuable object is necessary.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides and a kind ofly have the electromagnetic field couples desalting plant and method that fall dirty function concurrently, the salinity in seawater is sloughed in the field coupling magnetic field that can device oneself be utilized to produce while process sanitary sewage.
Have the electromagnetic field couples desalting plant falling dirty function concurrently, comprise reactor, in described reactor, be divided into anolyte compartment, intermediate chamber and cathode compartment successively;
Described anolyte compartment exports with sanitary sewage import and sanitary sewage, built-in anode electrode; Described intermediate chamber is with sea intake and water outlet; Described cathode compartment exports with acid waste water import and acid waste water, built-in cathode electrode;
Described cathode electrode is connected by wire with between anode electrode;
Described reactor is also provided with outward as providing the weak magnet of horizontal magnetic field in anolyte compartment and for providing the strong magnet of vertical magnetic field in intermediate chamber.
Anolyte compartment, intermediate chamber and cathode compartment is followed successively by along its length in described reactor, separated by anionic membrane between anolyte compartment and intermediate chamber, separated by cationic membrane between intermediate chamber and cathode compartment, be connected by wire between cathode electrode with anode electrode and connect store battery, the electric energy produced when disposing of sewage can offset a part of externally fed electric energy, the less energy-consumption even basis of Non-energy-consumption reach and both processed sanitary sewage, remove again the object of salinity in seawater, the H that the negative electrode of photochemical catalysis simultaneously can reduce in acid waste water under the catalysis of natural light
+, anode current is derived, and does not produce secondary pollution.
The present invention increases by the 3rd Room in the middle of anolyte compartment and cathode compartment, form three Room systems, anode is attached to the COD in the microbiological deterioration sanitary sewage on carbon brush electrode and produces extra electron, and the existence energy high degree of the more weak horizontal magnetic field of anode improves the biomembranous performance of anode, loop is formed by wire guiding negative electrode, the electricity collection produced is used for supplementary device water inlet institute subfam. Spiraeoideae in store battery, simultaneously the zwitterion of intermediate chamber is under the inner self-produced field coupling externally-applied magnetic field strengthening effect of device, negatively charged ion turns to anolyte compartment, positively charged ion turns to cathode compartment, thus achieve desalination.Negative electrode adopts photochemical catalysis silicon materials, does not need the H that cathode consumption thing or applying electrical potential can reduce in acid waste water under natural light condition
+, greatly cost-saving.Have more meaning, this process energy consumption is little, and has processed sanitary sewage, without additional contaminants discharge, is a kind of environmentally friendly desalination design.
Preferably, the material of described anode electrode is carbon-based material.As graphite electrode plate, carbon brush, carbon felt.More preferably carbon brush, cheap, specific surface area is large, has excellent conductive performance, and being beneficial to electronics derives, and resistance to corrosion is good, utilization of can magnifying in actual applications.Anode electrode first through tensio-active agent rinse, as Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, o-phenylphenol.
Preferably, described cathode electrode is surface-treated photochemical catalysis silicon electrode.Photochemical catalysis silicon electrode and surface treatment itself can adopt prior art, preferably, photochemical catalysis silicon electrode surface treatment method and step as follows:
(1) reactive ion etching single crystal silicon wafer, monocrystalline silicon surface forms nano-wire array;
(2) then gently mix the height that p-Si nano wire modifies one deck thin and mix n
+layer, exports to improve photovoltage;
(3) modified under 300 DEG C of high temperature by conformal for 30nm deposited film titanium dioxide layer and realize homemade atomic deposition layer, during to guarantee long, ground steady operation is under neutral PH electrolyte environment;
(4) Ni of about 10nm thickness modifies on electrode by intending conformal injection.
Preferably, described anolyte compartment, intermediate chamber and cathode compartment are arranged successively along the length direction of reactor, and the depth-width ratio of described reactor is 1:10 ~ 1:12.Under this ratio condition, desalting efficiency is further enhanced.Still more preferably, the width of described reactor is more than 50cm.
Preferably, the thickness of described intermediate chamber is 1mm-10mm.Further preferably, intermediate chamber thickness is 5mm.
Thickness herein refers to the spacing between cationic membrane and anionic membrane.
Preferably, the height of reactor is 5cm-15cm, and excessively thin, intermediate chamber volume is little.More preferably 10cm.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of electromagnetic field couples desalination, preferably adopts apparatus of the present invention to carry out, comprises the steps:
Sanitary sewage is sent in anolyte compartment, acid waste water is sent in cathode compartment, seawater is sent in intermediate chamber, start the internal electric field in the vertical magnetic field of intermediate chamber, the horizontal magnetic field of anolyte compartment and reactor, carry out electromagnetic field couples desalination reaction, the sanitary sewage after purification, acid waste water and desalination water are discharged outside reactor.
Through carrying out conditional filtering to magnetic field force F=q × V × B and ion motion to frictional coefficient f=6 π η r (η is liquid viscosity, and r the is ionic radius) analytical calculation of water and coupling apparatus itself.
Preferably, the magneticstrength 6000Gs-12000Gs of intermediate chamber.The shape of a hoof neodymium iron boron strong magnet of optimal selection magneticstrength 10000Gs.Vertical magnetic field added by intermediate chamber is relative intermediate chamber plane perpendicular, and namely vertical magnetic field described in the present invention is vertical magnetic field.
The increase of magneticstrength is conducive to motion zwitterion and larger deflection occurs, and the acting of Loulun magnetism component is larger does work to the friction resistance of water for overcoming.
Preferably, the magneticstrength of anolyte compartment is 1500Gs-2500Gs.The weak magnet of optimal selection magneticstrength 2000Gs.
Preferably, the seawater velocity of intermediate chamber is 0.5m/s-2m/s.Consider energy-conservation stressed with ion deflecting, optimum is 1m/s.Cross slow deflection effect poor, too fast ion has little time just to flow out from water outlet through film.
Preferably, in primary treatment process, seawater is 3 ~ 6 hours in the residence time of intermediate chamber.Be that after one-period process one-period, sea water salinity reduces to below 1.5g/L, and ratio of desalinization reaches more than 95% with 3h.
Preferably, the water temp of intermediate chamber controls at 25 ~ 35 DEG C.More preferably 30 DEG C.
Preferably, the water inlet of cathode compartment is the slightly acidic waste water of pH5 ~ 6.
Most preferably, the unloading phase of device, cathode compartment adds M9 electrolytic solution, anolyte compartment's inoculation bacterium liquid, bacterium liquid mixes bacterium liquid 1:2 (volume ratio) by the sanitary sewage and electrogenesis that contain organism 2000mg/L and forms, the salinity that intermediate chamber adds stationary state is the seawater of about 30%, starts reactor, about 1 day start time under 30 DEG C of conditions; The magneticstrength 10000Gs of intermediate chamber, the magneticstrength of anolyte compartment is 2000Gs;
After device steady running, be 300mg/L sanitary sewage by COD take discharge as 4.6t/ (m
3d) send in anolyte compartment, make the microorganism on anode electrode obtain sufficient carbon source, COD of sewage is effectively degraded simultaneously; Be 9.2m with discharge in cathode compartment
3/ (m
3d) slightly acidic waste water is sent into;
After device steady running, the former water of seawater enters intermediate chamber with the flow velocity of 1m/s, and the water flowed out from seawater water outlet is also pressed into intermediate chamber through water pump again by pipeline and former hydration, and so forming circulation, take 6h as one-period.
After one-period, sanitary sewage water outlet COD reduces to below 80mg/L, and concentration of seawater reduces to about 1g/L, and ratio of desalinization reaches more than 96.7%.
The present invention increases the strong magnet of intermediate chamber on apparatus structure, utilizes the electrical forces strengthening desalting effect of the Loulun magnetism coupling internal circuit of charged particle; Increase common magnet outside anolyte compartment, utilize low-intensity magnetic field to increase outward current to the effect of microorganism, thus promote desalting efficiency further.On treatment process, the present invention utilizes the coupling of internal circuit electric field and additional high-intensity magnetic field in zwitterion in essence; Negative electrode adopts surface-treated photochemical catalysis silicon electricity, reducible H+ in daylight conditions.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) the horizontal weak electric field of anode promotes microbial film performance, increases electrogenesis amount.
(2) surface-treated photochemical catalysis silicon electrode, can reduce slightly acidic ionogen in daylight conditions, solves the problem of cathode consumption thing, greatly cost-saving.
(3) anode weak electric field promotes microbial film performance, improves internal circuit electric field, coupling high-intensity magnetic field, reaches electric field magnetic field strengthening desalting effect.
(4) surface-treated photochemical catalysis cathode electrode, can extra process slightly acidic waste water, reach the effect of electrogenesis, strengthening desalination, process sanitary sewage and the unification of process slightly acidic waste water quadruple effect, and there is no secondary pollution, without cathode consumption, really realize low cost movement.
(5) the desalination time is short, and efficiency is high, and be after one-period process one-period with 3h, sanitary sewage water outlet COD reduces to 100mg/L, and sea water salinity reduces to below 1.5g/L, and ratio of desalinization reaches more than 95%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic top plan view of apparatus of the present invention apparatus of the present invention.
Shown in figure, Reference numeral is as follows:
The import of 1-cathode electrode 2-cathode compartment 3-sanitary sewage
4-sea intake 5-anolyte compartment 6-anode electrode
7-water outlet 8-vertical magnetic field 9-internal electric field
10-sanitary sewage outlet 11-intermediate chamber 12-strong magnet
The import of 13-anionic membrane 14-cationic membrane 15-acid waste water
16-acid waste water exports.17-weak magnet 18-water pump
19-water tank.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of desalting plant having the electromagnetic field couples of falling dirty function concurrently, comprises reactor, some water pumps and store battery.
Cathode compartment 2, intermediate chamber 11, anolyte compartment 5 is followed successively by along its length in reactor.Cathode compartment and intermediate chamber are separated by cationic membrane 14, and anolyte compartment and intermediate chamber are separated by anionic membrane 13, make each room independent.
Arrange cathode electrode 1 in cathode compartment, cathode electrode is photochemical catalysis silicon electrode, cathode compartment sidewall is arranged acid waste water import 15 and acid waste water outlet 16, and cathode compartment 2 exports 16 by cathode electrode, cationic membrane 14, acid waste water import 15 and acid waste water and forms; Anode electrode 6 is set in anolyte compartment, anode adopts carbon brush electrode, the sidewall of anolyte compartment offers sanitary sewage import 3 and sanitary sewage outlet 10, anolyte compartment by adhere to the carbon brush anode of electrogenesis microorganism, sanitary sewage import 3 and sanitary sewage export 10 and anion-exchange membrane form; Be intermediate chamber 11 between cationic membrane 14 and anionic membrane 13, the sidewall of intermediate chamber offered sea intake 4 and water outlet 7.
At the weak magnet 17 of the outer setting of anolyte compartment 5, weak magnet is common magnet, for providing horizontal magnetic field in anolyte compartment; Arrange strong magnet 12 outside intermediate chamber, strong magnet is shape of a hoof neodymium iron boron strong magnet, for intermediate chamber provides vertical magnetic field 8, forms internal electric field 9 between anode electrode and cathode electrode.
Be connected by wire between anode electrode with cathode electrode and connect store battery, store battery is connected with each road water pump 18, for water pump provides part electric energy.
The depth-width ratio of reactor is 1:10 ~ 1:12.The width of reactor is more than 50cm (being preferably 100cm in present embodiment).Be highly 5cm-15cm (being preferably 10cm in present embodiment), the thickness of intermediate chamber is 1mm-10mm (being preferably 2mm in present embodiment).
Its carrying out practically process of desalting plant is as follows:
The unloading phase of device, cathode compartment adds M9 electrolytic solution, anolyte compartment's inoculation bacterium liquid, bacterium liquid mixes bacterium liquid (conventional electrogenesis bacterium) 1:1 (volume ratio) by the sanitary sewage and electrogenesis that contain organism 2000mg/L and forms, the salinity that intermediate chamber adds stationary state is the seawater of about 3%, reactor is started, about 2 days start times under 30 DEG C of conditions.In treating processes, the vertical magnetic field strength of intermediate chamber is 10000Gs, and the horizontal magnetic intensity of anolyte compartment is 2000Gs.
After device steady running several cycle, anolyte compartment is changed by peristaltic pump and the sanitary sewage that control COD is 500mg/L enters water-in, and flooding velocity is 4.6m
3/ (m
3d), make the microorganism on anode electrode obtain sufficient carbon source, COD of sewage is effectively degraded simultaneously; Cathode compartment is changed by peristaltic pump and is controlled slightly acidic waste water to enter water-in flooding velocity be 9.2m
3/ (m
3d).
After device steady running several cycle, the former water of seawater enters seawater inlet port by water pump with the flow velocity of 1m/s, and the water flowed out from seawater water outlet is also pressed into intermediate chamber through water pump again by pipeline and former hydration, and so forming circulation, take 1.5h as one-period.
After one-period, sanitary sewage water outlet COD reduces to 200mg/L, and sea water salinity reduces to below 10g/L, and ratio of desalinization reaches more than 66.7%.
Embodiment 2
Apparatus structure one-piece construction territory embodiment 1 is identical.
The unloading phase of device, cathode compartment adds M9 electrolytic solution, anolyte compartment's inoculation bacterium liquid, bacterium liquid mixes bacterium liquid (conventional electrogenesis bacterium) 1:2 (volume ratio) by the sanitary sewage and electrogenesis that contain organism 2000mg/L and forms, the salinity that intermediate chamber adds stationary state is the seawater of about 3%, reactor is started, about 1 day start time under 30 DEG C of conditions.In treating processes, the vertical magnetic field strength of intermediate chamber is 10000Gs, and the horizontal magnetic intensity of anolyte compartment is 2000Gs.
After device steady running several cycle, to be changed and the sanitary sewage that control COD is 500mg/L enters water-in by peristaltic pump, flooding velocity is 2.3t/ (m
3d), make the microorganism on anode electrode obtain sufficient carbon source, COD of sewage is effectively degraded simultaneously; Cathode compartment is changed by peristaltic pump and is controlled slightly acidic waste water to enter water-in flooding velocity be 9.2m
3/ (m
3d).
After device steady running several cycle, the former water of seawater enters seawater inlet port by water pump with the flow velocity of 1m/s, and the water flowed out from seawater water outlet is also pressed into intermediate chamber through water pump again by pipeline and former hydration, and so forming circulation, take 3h as one-period.
After one-period, sanitary sewage water outlet COD reduces to 100mg/L, and sea water salinity reduces to below 1.5g/L, and ratio of desalinization reaches more than 95%.
Embodiment 3
Apparatus structure one-piece construction territory embodiment 1 is identical.
The unloading phase of device, cathode compartment adds M9 electrolytic solution, anolyte compartment's inoculation bacterium liquid, bacterium liquid mixes bacterium liquid (conventional electrogenesis bacterium) 1:2 (volume ratio) by the sanitary sewage and electrogenesis that contain organism 2000mg/L and forms, the salinity that intermediate chamber adds stationary state is the seawater of about 3%, reactor is started, about 1 day start time under 30 DEG C of conditions.In treating processes, the vertical magnetic field strength of intermediate chamber is 10000Gs, and the horizontal magnetic intensity of anolyte compartment is 2000Gs.
After device steady running several cycle, to be changed and the sanitary sewage that control COD is 300mg/L enters water-in by peristaltic pump, flooding velocity is 4.6t/ (m
3d), make the microorganism on anode electrode obtain sufficient carbon source, COD of sewage is effectively degraded simultaneously; Cathode compartment is changed by peristaltic pump and is controlled slightly acidic waste water to enter water-in flooding velocity be 9.2m
3/ (m
3d).
After device steady running several cycle, the former water of seawater enters seawater inlet port by water pump with the flow velocity of 2m/s, and the water flowed out from seawater water outlet is also pressed into intermediate chamber through water pump again by pipeline and former hydration, and so forming circulation, take 6h as one-period.
After one-period, sanitary sewage water outlet COD reduces to below 80mg/L, and sea water salinity reduces to about 1g/L, and ratio of desalinization reaches more than 96.7%.
Claims (10)
1. have the electromagnetic field couples desalting plant falling dirty function concurrently, comprise reactor, it is characterized in that, in described reactor, be divided into anolyte compartment, intermediate chamber and cathode compartment successively;
Described anolyte compartment exports with sanitary sewage import and sanitary sewage, built-in anode electrode; Described intermediate chamber is with sea intake and water outlet; Described cathode compartment exports with acid waste water import and acid waste water, built-in cathode electrode;
Described cathode electrode is connected by wire with between anode electrode;
Described reactor is also provided with outward as providing the weak magnet of horizontal magnetic field in anolyte compartment and for providing the strong magnet of vertical magnetic field in intermediate chamber.
2. electromagnetic field couples desalting plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the material of described anode electrode is carbon-based material.
3. electromagnetic field couples desalting plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described cathode electrode is surface-treated photochemical catalysis silicon electrode.
4. electromagnetic field couples desalting plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described anolyte compartment, intermediate chamber and cathode compartment are arranged successively along the length direction of reactor, and the depth-width ratio of described reactor is 1:10 ~ 1:12.
5. electromagnetic field couples desalting plant according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the thickness of described intermediate chamber is 1mm-10mm.
6. utilize electromagnetic field couples desalting plant described in claim 1 to carry out a method for desalination, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
Sanitary sewage is sent in anolyte compartment, acid waste water is sent in cathode compartment, seawater is sent in intermediate chamber, start the internal electric field in the vertical magnetic field of intermediate chamber, the horizontal magnetic field of anolyte compartment and reactor, carry out electromagnetic field couples desalination reaction, the sanitary sewage after purification, acid waste water and desalination water are discharged outside reactor.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the magneticstrength 6000Gs-12000Gs of intermediate chamber, the magneticstrength of anolyte compartment is 1500Gs-2500Gs.
8. method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the seawater velocity of intermediate chamber is 0.5m/s-2m/s.
9. method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the water temp of intermediate chamber controls at 25 ~ 35 DEG C.
10. method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the water inlet of cathode compartment is the slightly acidic waste water of pH5 ~ 6.
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| CN105541049B (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2017-12-08 | 盐城市兰丰环境工程科技有限公司 | The processing system of anion surfactant in a kind of removal sanitary wastewater |
| CN105731725B (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2018-04-24 | 广州市绿化公司 | The processing method of anion surfactant in a kind of removal sanitary wastewater |
| CN106396033A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-02-15 | 太原理工大学 | Method for treating metal ion wastewater by electromagnetic coupling and electrochemically switched ion exchange |
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