CN105252342B - Detect the detection test specimen and detection method of five-axle number control machine tool Machining of Curved Surface ability - Google Patents
Detect the detection test specimen and detection method of five-axle number control machine tool Machining of Curved Surface ability Download PDFInfo
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- CN105252342B CN105252342B CN201510706535.5A CN201510706535A CN105252342B CN 105252342 B CN105252342 B CN 105252342B CN 201510706535 A CN201510706535 A CN 201510706535A CN 105252342 B CN105252342 B CN 105252342B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the detection test specimen and detection method of detection five-axle number control machine tool Machining of Curved Surface ability, its test specimen includes pedestal and the curved surface edge strip on pedestal, curved surface edge strip is provided with the machined surface of two S-shapeds in A faces and B faces, A faces are the curved surfaces being spliced by circular arc and straightway, have different continual curvatures under permanent curvature；B faces are cubic B-spline curved surface, the continuous consecutive variations of its curvature.The present invention compares prior art, by building the successional curved surface profile test specimen of different curvature, reflect the power of lathe impact resistance in complex surface machining, the decoupling that can effectively solve to integrate test specimen simultaneously is difficult, measured by the profile errors after processing, be directly realized by the judge to mismachining tolerance key factor.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to numerical control machine tool technique field, and in particular to one kind detection five-axle number control machine tool is continuous to different curvature
The detection test specimen and detection method of the Machining of Curved Surface ability of property.
Background technology
With manufacturing development, it has been general trend of events institute that enterprise carries out various complex-curved processing from five-axle number control machine tool
Become.The precision of lathe directly determines the precision of processed part, how to judge whether the machining accuracy of five-axle number control machine tool is full
The much-talked-about topic that sufficient processing request is always studied both at home and abroad.Conventional precision detection method for numerical control machine is broadly divided into two classes：
First, directly the precision of lathe is detected using instrument.Second, there is the test specimen of particular geometric characteristic by machine tooling,
The error of test specimen so that reflect the precision of lathe indirectly after measurement processing.But instrument is applied to examine the precision of lathe
Survey, carried out under lathe inactive state or low speed no-load mostly, can not truly reflect that lathe is caused in real work
Servo error, multi-shaft interlocked error and thermal deformation and vibration error, therefore there is certain limitation.It is actual in lathe
In motion process, lathe is influenceed by material, environment temperature, cutting performance and cutting operating mode etc., easily causes processing to miss
Difference, and to the processing with particular geometric characteristic test specimen, the processing characteristics of lathe can be reflected objective reality, preferably detected
The precision of lathe, the method for this indirect detection machine tool accuracy are favored.
Currently used five-axis machine tool detection test specimen has NASA (NASA) in the NAS979 proposed in 1969
Frustum of a cone test specimen in standard and the Chinese serpentine examination by the proposition of industry Chengdu Airplane Industry (Group) Corp., Ltd. of Air China
Part, in addition, some other country is it is also proposed that available for the test specimen for detecting Precision of NC Machine Tool, wherein having Japan to carry than more typical
The German serpentine test specimen that the corner frustum test specimen and Germany gone out proposes.Geometrical property and processing characteristics point are carried out to these test specimens
Analysis, it is known that why detection test specimen can detect lathe dynamic accuracy, and it is special to be that it possesses special geometry the reason for most critical
Property.However, above-mentioned test specimen all has comprehensive geometrical property, comprehensive assessment can only be carried out to the performance of lathe, it is difficult to realization pair
The decoupling of error component and traced to the source with machine tool error.Five-axle number control machine tool is mainly used in complex surface machining, at present on machine
The detection of bed complex surface machining ability still lacks effective means.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to detect the Machining of Curved Surface ability of Digit Control Machine Tool, there is provided one kind detection five-axle number control machine tool
The detection test specimen of Machining of Curved Surface ability, the test specimen configuration is simple, possesses the successional curved surface of different curvature.
It is a further object to provide it is a kind of detect five-axle number control machine tool Machining of Curved Surface ability detection method, no
The ability of five-axis machine tool processing different curvature continuity curved surface can only be reflected, and the linkage essence of five-axis machine tool can be reflected
Degree.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme is that：One kind detection five-axle number control machine tool Machining of Curved Surface energy
The detection test specimen of power, including pedestal and the curved surface edge strip on pedestal, curved surface edge strip are provided with the processing of two S-shapeds in A faces and B faces
Face, A faces are the curved surfaces being spliced by circular arc and straightway, have different continual curvatures under permanent curvature；B faces is three times
B-spline surface, the continuous consecutive variations of its curvature.
Preferably, to the recessed formation step in direction of curved surface edge strip, the step surface is survey on the one side top of the pedestal
Measure reference plane.
Preferably, holes for clamping is additionally provided with the pedestal, two holes for clamping are located at the both sides of curved surface edge strip respectively.
Preferably, the A faces of the curved surface edge strip and B faces are equal with the angle of base plane.
Preferably, the thickness of the pedestal is equal with the height of curved surface edge strip.
A kind of detection method for detecting five-axle number control machine tool Machining of Curved Surface ability, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: Geometric Modeling is carried out to detection test specimen；
Step 2: carrying out postpositive disposal to built model by general CAM softwares, work flow is divided into three steps：It is thick to add
Work, semifinishing and finishing；
Step 3: detection test specimen is added according to the numerical control program worked out in step 2 using 5-shaft linkage numerical control lathe
Work；
Step 4: taking at least three section lines on the A faces of detection test specimen, at least three section lines are taken on B faces, every
At least 25 measurement points are taken on bar transversal, error measure is carried out using three coordinate measuring machine；
Step 5: lathe Machining of Curved Surface ability is evaluated according to the measurement result of step 4.
In step 2, blank allowance is quickly removed by roughing, makes allowance in 3mm or so；Semifinishing pair
Residual process face processing after roughing is smooth, makes the uniform allowance that 0.1mm-0.5mm thickness can be left after processing；Most
The size of workpiece and precision is set to reach design requirement by finishing afterwards.
Preferably, on the A faces there are five G1 continuously to locate, five continuous places of G1 are equipped with measurement point.
Preferably, on the B faces there is a G1 continuously to locate, is provided with measurement point at this.
The present invention has the advantages that compared to prior art.
1st, the twist angle complicated and changeable compared to Chinese serpentine test specimen, angle characteristic is opened and closed, moulding of the present invention is simple, and geometry is special
Property it is single, be not opened and closed angle conversion and twist angle characteristic, by detect process after machined surface profile error, can directly to processing miss
The problem of difference is present is traced to the source；
2nd, the present invention can detect working ability of the five-axle number control machine tool in different curvature continuity curved surface, compared to the frustum of a cone
Test specimen and continuous (continual curvature) curved surfaces of the single G2 of corner frustum test specimen, it is continuous (tangent line is continuous) invention increases curved surface G1
Function, compared to German serpentine test specimen, only persevering curvature and Chinese serpentine part only have the characteristic of variable curvature, invention increases
Permanent curvature and variable curvature characteristic, all curved surface continuity Characteristics are covered substantially, it is continuous can to detect lathe different curvature completely
The working ability of property curved surface；
3rd, the present invention combines variable curvature and permanent curvature characteristic, after contrasting machine tooling perseverance curvature and variable curvature curved surface
Profile errors, available for Machining of Curved Surface ability of the detection lathe under different curvature.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the stereogram of present invention detection test specimen；
Fig. 2 is the top view of present invention detection test specimen；
Fig. 3 is the continual curvature distribution map in A faces and B faces of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is location attitude of the cutter figure in process of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is A surface errors measurement point distribution schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is B surface errors measurement point distribution schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the profile errors figure in A faces of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the profile errors figure in B faces of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
As shown in figure 1, a kind of detection test specimen of detection five-axle number control machine tool Machining of Curved Surface ability of the present invention, including pedestal
1 and the curved surface edge strip 2 on pedestal 1, curved surface edge strip 2 is provided with the machined surface of two S-shapeds in A faces and B faces, A faces be by circular arc and
The curved surface that straightway is spliced, there is different continual curvatures under permanent curvature；B faces are cubic B-spline curved surface, its curvature
Continuous consecutive variations.To the recessed formation step in direction of curved surface edge strip 2, the step surface is measurement base on the one side top of pedestal 1
Accuracy test when quasi- face 4, measurement datum 4 are mainly used in machine tooling and conduct during error measure is carried out to A faces and B faces
Reference plane；Holes for clamping 3 is additionally provided with pedestal 1, two holes for clamping 3 are located at the both sides of curved surface edge strip 2 respectively, and holes for clamping 3 is countersunk head
Hole, for fixed test test specimen.Specifically, the thickness of pedestal 1 and the height of curved surface edge strip 2 are equal, the A faces of curved surface edge strip 2 and B
Face is equal with the angle of the plane of pedestal 1.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, A faces are sequentially connected and formed by A1 sections, A2 sections, A3 sections, A4 sections, A5 sections and A6 sections, wherein A2
Section, A3 sections, A4 sections and A5 sections are circular arc camber, and A1 sections and A6 sections are straight line curved surface, and the junction of this six sections of curved surfaces is that G1 connects
Continuous, wherein the junction of A3 sections and A4 sections is to have the G1 of flex point continuous；B faces are connected with B2 sections by B1 sections and formed, B1 sections and B2 sections
It is circular arc camber, their junction is to have that the G1 of flex point is continuous, above-mentioned A2 sections, A3 sections, A4 sections, A5 sections, B1 sections and B2
Duan Junwei G2 are continuous；Therefore the curved surface of curved surface edge strip 2 contains the variable curvature of curved surface and all features of permanent curvature, i.e. variable curvature
G1 (G1 have flex point tangent line continuous), G2 continuous (permanent curvature continual curvature), permanent curvature G1 (tangent line is continuous), the continuous (variable curvatures of G2
Continual curvature), these characteristics can detect the power of lathe impact resistance.
Research shows that the processing in contoured under different curvature continuity can cause very big impact to lathe, simultaneously
And an important factor for causing Machining of Curved Surface quality.The detection test specimen of the present invention is by building the successional song of different curvature
Facial contour test specimen, reflects the power of lathe impact resistance in complex surface machining, while can effectively solve to integrate test specimen
Decoupling it is difficult, measured by the profile errors after processing, be directly realized by the judge to mismachining tolerance key factor.
The present invention provides a kind of detection method of the five-axle number control machine tool Machining of Curved Surface ability based on above-mentioned detection test specimen, bag
Include following steps：
Step 1: Geometric Modeling is carried out to detection test specimen；
Step 2: carrying out postpositive disposal to built model by general CAM softwares generates NC codes, work flow is divided into
Three steps：Roughing, semifinishing and finishing；Blank allowance is quickly removed by roughing, makes allowance in 3mm or so；
Semifinishing is processed smoothly to the residual process face after roughing, and the uniform of 0.1mm-0.5mm thickness can be left after making processing
Allowance；The size of workpiece and precision is set to reach design requirement finally by finishing；
Step 3: detection test specimen is added according to the numerical control program worked out in step 2 using 5-shaft linkage numerical control lathe
Work；
Step 4: taking at least three section lines on the A faces of detection test specimen, at least three section lines are taken on B faces, every
At least 25 measurement points are taken on bar transversal, error measure is carried out using three coordinate measuring machine；As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, have on A faces
There are five G1 continuously to locate, continuously place corresponds to I, II, III, IV to this five G1 respectively, and V this five regions, five continuous places of G1 are all provided with
There is measurement point；On B faces there is a G1 continuously to locate, be provided with measurement point at this.
Step 5: lathe Machining of Curved Surface ability is evaluated according to the measurement result of step 4.According to the survey of step 4
Amount result is evaluated the ability of machine tooling different curvature continuity curved surface, and error is smaller to show that lathe impact resistance is got over
By force, so as to reflecting the power of impact resistance in the successional Machining of Curved Surface of different curvature.
Illustrate the operation principle of detection method and advantage below by way of specific embodiment：
Embodiment 1
To the detection method of model V51030ABJ 5-shaft linkage numerical control lathe Machining of Curved Surface ability, including following step
Suddenly：
Step 1: carry out Geometric Modeling to detection test specimen by general CAD software, the thickness of pedestal 1 and curved surface edge strip 2
Highly it is 40mm, the A faces and B faces of curved surface edge strip 2 and the angle of the plane of pedestal 1 are 105 °.
Step 2: in the test specimen model that step 1 is established, milling path is set, milling process is divided into roughing, half
Finishing and finishing, preposition instruction (x, y, z, i, j, k) is produced by finishing, generates each coordinate in this test specimen process
The NC codes (X, Y, Z, A, B) of axle.
Step 3: blank material is 7075-t7451 aluminium alloys, blank size is 300mm × 200mm × 80mm, from straight
Footpath is 20mm slotting cutter, along tool axis direction, is processed from top to bottom by every layer of 10mm depth；In model
V51030ABJ Double swing head five-axle number control machine tool to detection test specimen be processed, in process keep side edge 5 all the time with curved surface
Fitting, as shown in Figure 4.
Step 4: model V51030ABJ Double swing head five-axle number control machine tool completes the processing of the detection test specimen, select
Three coordinate measuring machine measures to the point on three section lines being chosen on A, B face, and as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, A faces are by three
Section line is divided into 1#, tri- layers of 2#, 3#, and the z coordinate of each layer is respectively 45mm, 60mm and 75mm, and 25 points are taken on every line.B faces
It is divided into 4#, tri- layers of 5#, 6# by three section lines, the z coordinate of each layer is respectively 45mm, 60mm and 75mm, and 25 are taken on every line
Point.Five G1 of measurement primary part observation in A faces continuously locate (I, II, III, IV, V region), and most A faces, the measurement result in B faces are divided at last
The Tables 1 and 2 not being recorded in measurement result record.
Step 5: being arranged to the measurement result in step 4, the profile errors figure shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 is obtained, from figure
In understand, the profile errors on A, B two sides (in tolerance), illustrate continuous in G1 (tangent line is continuous) all within 0.05mm
In the case of lathe support shock proof ability it is pretty good.In Fig. 7, occur because G1 continuously locates (I, II, III, IV, V 5 regions at)
The mutation of curvature, cause the saltus step of acceleration, therefore have larger error mutation, the wherein larger area of saltus step at this five regions
Domain is III region, and it is continuous but have flex point that its reason is to obey G1 herein, can cause to move the reverse of axle acceleration during processing；Figure
In 8, error constantly changes, and its reason is that the continually changing curvature in B faces can cause the continuous change of acceleration, and curvature is more greatly
Speed is bigger, is impacted to caused by lathe bigger, and wherein it is continuous but have at flex point also to be located at G1 for error maximum, can cause herein
Move the reverse of axle acceleration；The profile errors size in comparative analysis A faces and B faces, can obtain lathe under the same conditions, process
The ability of permanent curvature surface is strong compared with processing variable curvature curved surface ability, i.e., variable curvature more tests the impact resistance of lathe.
Measurement result records：
(1) feed speed _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, the speed of mainshaft _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
(2) curved face type face outward appearance：
Machined trace：There is (tool marks quantity without：A faces _ _ _ _ _ _, B faces _ _ _ _ _ _)
Cut wound vestige：There is (scar quantity without：A faces _ _ _ _ _ _, B faces _ _ _ _ _ _)
(3) curved face type surface roughness：
Permissible value：≤ Ra3.2, survey maximum：A faces _ _ _ _ _ _, the qualified unqualified of
B faces _ _ _ _ _ _, the qualified unqualified of
(4) machined surface profile error：
Table 1
Mean error maximum region：______
Table 2
Allowable error value：________
Average error value：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ qualified unqualified of
Continuous (having flex point) place error hop values of G1：________
One of ordinary skill in the art will be appreciated that embodiment described here is to aid in reader and understands this hair
Bright principle, it should be understood that protection scope of the present invention is not limited to such especially statement and embodiment.This area
Those of ordinary skill can make according to these technical inspirations disclosed by the invention various does not depart from the other each of essence of the invention
The specific deformation of kind and combination, these deform and combined still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. detection test specimen for detecting five-axle number control machine tool Machining of Curved Surface ability, it is characterised in that：Including pedestal (1) and it is located at Curved surface edge strip (2) on pedestal (1), curved surface edge strip (2) are provided with the machined surface of two S-shapeds in A faces and B faces, and A faces are by circular arc and straight The curved surface that line segment is spliced, there is different continual curvatures under permanent curvature；B faces are cubic B-spline curved surface, and its curvature is not Disconnected consecutive variations；To the recessed formation step in direction of curved surface edge strip (2), the step surface is measuring basis on the one side top of the pedestal (1) Face (4)；Holes for clamping (3) is additionally provided with the pedestal (1), two holes for clamping (3) are located at the both sides of curved surface edge strip (2) respectively；The A faces and B faces of the curved surface edge strip (2) are equal with the angle of pedestal (1) plane；The thickness of the pedestal (1) is equal with the height of curved surface edge strip (2).
- 2. a kind of detection method for detecting five-axle number control machine tool Machining of Curved Surface ability, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：Step 1: Geometric Modeling is carried out to detection test specimen；Step 2: carrying out postpositive disposal to built model by general CAM softwares, work flow is divided into three steps：Roughing, half Finishing and finishing；Step 3: detection test specimen is processed according to the numerical control program worked out in step 2 using 5-shaft linkage numerical control lathe；Step 4: taking at least three section lines on the A faces of detection test specimen, at least three section lines are taken on B faces, are cut at every At least 25 measurement points are taken on line, error measure is carried out using three coordinate measuring machine；Step 5: lathe Machining of Curved Surface ability is evaluated according to the measurement result of step 4.
- 3. detection method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：In step 2, defeathering is quickly gone by roughing Base surplus, make allowance in 3mm or so；Semifinishing is processed smoothly to the residual process face after roughing, makes energy after processing Enough leave the uniform allowance of 0.1mm-0.5mm thickness；The size of workpiece and precision is set to reach design finally by finishing It is required that.
- 4. detection method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：On the A faces there are five G1 continuously to locate, five G1 Continuous place is equipped with measurement point.
- 5. detection method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：On the B faces there is a G1 continuously to locate, set at this There is measurement point.
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| CN105710723B (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2018-06-26 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of workpiece surface quality case study trial cut device and analysis method |
| US10018458B2 (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2018-07-10 | The Boeing Company | Validating parts using a number of contiguous coupons produced from part excess |
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| CN110370084B (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2021-02-05 | 珠海艾诚精密模具有限公司 | CNC (computer numerical control) three-axis linkage precision detection method |
| CN110362038B (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2021-10-29 | 河南机电职业学院 | Test piece for identifying online detection capability of five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool and detection method |
| CN111266928B (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2021-09-21 | 东华大学 | Test piece for detecting machine tool precision and thin-wall part machining capacity and detection method |
| CN111813044B (en) * | 2020-07-25 | 2021-05-28 | 西安交通大学 | Numerical control machine tool dynamic error tracing method based on S test piece machining error |
| CN113432503B (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2024-03-08 | 乔锋智能装备股份有限公司 | Comprehensive detection piece and detection method for CNC machining center machine tool machined part |
| CN116673792B (en) * | 2023-08-04 | 2023-11-10 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Machining center rotating shaft error source stripping feature and machining evaluation method |
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| CN100468038C (en) * | 2007-01-16 | 2009-03-11 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | S-shaped test piece for integrated detecting precision of numerical control milling machine and its detecting method |
| CN101915679B (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2011-12-14 | 西安理工大学 | Multi-spindle-linkage shifting and loading device for machining centre and method for detecting distribution of static stiffness |
| CN102699761B (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-09-03 | 电子科技大学 | Error identification method of five-axis numerically controlled machine tool based on S-shaped test specimen |
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