CN105240064A - 一种lng能量回收工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及天然气低温设备技术领域,特别涉及一种LNG能量回收工艺,高压低温的LNG经过LNG液力透平装置(或其它形式的膨胀机械)的透平端将压力能转化为机械能通过LNG液力透平装置的增压端输出。降压后的LNG进一步降温,降压过程产生的气液两相经过气液分离罐分离,液相LNG送LNG储罐,气相BOG与LNG储罐的BOG一起经LNG液力透平装置的增压端——BOG增压机机增压。本发明使用LNG液力透平装置取代LNG产品的J-T阀进行膨胀节流,因LNG的温度更低,从而降低了BOG产生量,提高了LNG产量,同时机械能可以通过BOG增压端对BOG增压实现能量的回收。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及天然气低温设备技术领域,特别涉及一种LNG能量回收工艺。
背景技术
液化天然气(LiquefiedNaturalGas,简称LNG),主要成分是甲烷,被公认是地球上最干净的能源。无色、无味、无毒且无腐蚀性,其体积约为同量气态天然气体积的1/625,液化天然气的重量仅为同体积水的45%左右。液化天然气燃烧后对空气污染非常小,而且放出的热量大,所以液化天然气是一种比较先进的能源。
液化天然气一般的制造过程是先将净化后的天然气经过各种制冷工艺液化成高压、低温的LNG,然后通过焦耳-汤姆逊(J-T)阀进一步节流降压形成低压、低温的LNG进入常压或低压储罐,这一过程造成了高品位能量的极大损耗导致浪费。同时,LNG的闪蒸产生的BOG量较大,增加了BOG处理的成本。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术存在的问题,提供一种LNG能量回收工艺。
本发明的技术方案是:
一种LNG能量回收工艺,包括如下步骤:
1)经过预处理装置净化的天然气进入冷箱,经过预冷、深冷工艺液化形成高压低温的LNG;
2)所述高压低温的LNG经过膨胀机械装置的膨胀端减压,将自身的压力能转化为机械能的同时,输出低温、低压LNG;
3)所述低温、低压LNG经气液分离罐进行气液分离后,液相LNG送LNG储罐储存,气相BOG与来自LNG储罐4的BOG汇合,通过LNG液力透平装置的增压端,进入BOG增压机增压输出,实现能量的回收。降压后的LNG温度更低,有助于降低BOG的产生。
其中,BOG增压机,用于LNG膨胀减压产生的BOG及LNG储罐的BOG的增压。
优选的,所述的膨胀机械装置为LNG液力透平装置。
优选的,所述的LNG液力透平装置的膨胀端优选离心式,也可以是轴流式、螺杆式或往复式。
优选的,所述的LNG液力透平装置的膨胀端为主驱动,所述LNG液力透平装置的电动机为辅助驱动;所述LNG液力透平装置膨胀端与电动机7之间设有驱动模式切换装置。
优选的,所述的驱动模式切换装置为超速离合器或液力耦合器。以超速离合器为例:在无LNG液力透平装置(或其它膨胀机械)膨胀端功率输出或者功率输出过小的情况下,电动机可以单独驱动BOG增压机。当LNG液力透平或其它膨胀机械的转速高于电动机的转速时,超速离合器闭合,实现能量的回收。当LNG液力透平(或其它膨胀机械)膨胀端的转速低于主电动机的转速或没有输出时,超速离合器脱开,BOG增压机的驱动由电动机驱动。
优选的,所述的电动机的额定功率在无所述的LNG液力透平膨胀端的驱动下,可单独驱动BOG增压机。
优选的,当所述的LNG液力透平膨胀端的转速高于所述电动机的转速时,超速离合器闭合,实现能量的回收;当所述的LNG液力透平膨胀端的转速低于所述电动机的转速时,所述的超速离合器脱开,所述的BOG增压机的驱动由所述电动机驱动。
优选的,所述LNG液力透平装置的膨胀端与BOG增压机同轴安装,也可以采用其它传动方式。
优选的,所述的LNG液力透平装置的增压端与BOG增压机的输入端之间采用双驱动模式。
本发明的有益效果是:
(1)使用LNG液力透平装置(或其它形式的膨胀机械)的膨胀端替代LNG产品的J-T阀进行LNG的膨胀减压,由于减压后的LNG温度更低,因此LNG产量提高,BOG量减少。
(2)LNG液力透平装置(或其它形式的膨胀机械)的膨胀端转化所得机械能输出给功率输出端用于BOG增压,可实现能量的有效回收,节省了BOG增压的动力消耗。
(3)BOG增压机的驱动采用LNG液力透平装置(或其它形式的膨胀机械)的能量输出和电机两种驱动模式,可通过超速离合器或者液力耦合器进行动力切换,避免了工艺波动较大,外输功率不稳定的缺点。
附图说明
附图1为LNG能量回收工艺的流程示意图;
其中,1为冷箱;2为LNG液力透平装置(或其它形式的膨胀机械)的膨胀端;3为气液分离罐;4为LNG储罐;5为LNG液力透平装置(或其它形式的膨胀机械)的增压端——BOG增压机;6为驱动模式切换装置;7为电动机。
具体实施方式
本发明的具体实施方式如下,
实施例1:
LNG液力透平装置(或其它形式的膨胀机械)以LNG液力透平装置为例:
如图1所示,为一种LNG能量回收工艺的流程示意图,包括:
经过预处理装置净化的天然气进入冷箱1,在冷箱内换热器中与冷剂换热,经过预冷、深冷工艺液化形成高压低温的LNG,该LNG经过LNG液力透平装置的膨胀端2减压,将自身的压力能转化为机械能,输出低温、低压LNG;所述低温、低压LNG经气液分离罐3进行气液分离后,液相LNG送LNG储罐4储存,气相BOG与来自LNG储罐4的BOG汇合,通过LNG液力透平装置的增压端——BOG增压机5进行增压,进入BOG增压机输出,实现能量的回收。降压后的LNG温度更低,有助于降低BOG的产生。
LNG液力透平装置的膨胀端2离心式的,LNG液力透平装置膨胀降压过程可以在压力较高的单纯的液相中进行,也可以在压力较低的气液两相区进行。
BOG既可以在低温状态下直接增压,也可以通过冷箱、或者其它换热回收冷量、或者其它加热方式复热至常温后再经BOG增压机增压。以200万方/d规模的LNG装置为例,LNG液力透平装置输出轴功率能达到170~190kW。
LNG液力透平装置的增压端——BOG增压机5的能量输入端采用双驱动模式,LNG液力透平装置膨胀端2为主驱动,电动机7为辅助驱动,LNG液力透平装置膨胀端2与电动机7之间设有驱动模式切换装置6,驱动模式切换装置6采用超速离合器;LNG液力透平装置膨胀端2与BOG增压机5的可同轴安装,也可以通过其它方式传动。电动机7的额定功率在无LNG液力透平膨胀端2的协助下可以单独驱动BOG增压机5;当LNG液力透平膨胀端2的转速高于电动机的转速时,超速离合器6闭合,实现能量的回收;当LNG液力透平膨胀端2的转速低于电动机的转速时,超速离合器6脱开,BOG增压机5的驱动由电动机7驱动。
经过大量的测试,采用本发明的工艺,比原LNG产量(采用焦耳-汤姆逊(J-T)阀)的LNG产量能提高约1%~3%。
实施例2:
LNG液力透平装置膨胀端2为轴流式的。
LNG液力透平装置膨胀端2与电动机7之间设有驱动模式切换装置6,驱动模式切换装置6采用液力耦合器。
其他部分如实施例1设置相同。
经过大量的测试,采用本发明的工艺,比原LNG产量(采用焦耳-汤姆逊(J-T)阀)的LNG产量能提高约1%~3%。
实施例3:
LNG液力透平装置膨胀端2为螺杆式的。
LNG液力透平装置膨胀端2与电动机7之间设有驱动模式切换装置6,驱动模式切换装置6采用超速离合器。
其他部分如实施例1设置相同。
经过大量的测试,采用本发明的工艺,比原LNG产量(采用焦耳-汤姆逊(J-T)阀)的LNG产量能提高约1%~3%。
Claims (9)
1.一种LNG能量回收工艺,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
经过预处理装置净化的天然气进入冷箱,经过预冷、深冷工艺液化形成高压低温的LNG,
所述高压低温的LNG经过膨胀机械装置的膨胀端减压,将自身的压力能转化为机械能的同时,输出低温、低压LNG;
所述低温、低压LNG经气液分离罐进行气液分离后,液相LNG送LNG储罐储存,气相BOG与来自LNG储罐的BOG汇合,通过LNG液力透平装置的增压端,进入BOG增压机增压输出,实现能量的回收。
2.根据权利要求1所述的LNG能量回收工艺,其特征在于,所述的膨胀机械装置为LNG液力透平装置。
3.根据权利要求2所述的LNG能量回收工艺,其特征在于,所述的LNG液力透平装置的膨胀端优选离心式,也可以是轴流式、螺杆式或往复式。
4.根据权利要求3所述的LNG能量回收工艺,其特征在于,所述的LNG液力透平装置的膨胀端为主驱动,所述LNG液力透平装置的电动机为辅助驱动;所述LNG液力透平装置膨胀端与电动机7之间设有驱动模式切换装置。
5.根据权利要求4所述的LNG能量回收工艺,其特征在于,所述的驱动模式切换装置为超速离合器或液力耦合器。
6.根据权利要求5所述的LNG能量回收工艺,其特征在于,所述的电动机在无所述的LNG液力透平膨胀端的协助下,可单独驱动BOG增压机。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的LNG能量回收工艺,其特征在于,当所述的LNG液力透平膨胀端的转速高于所述电动机的转速时,超速离合器闭合,实现能量的回收;当所述的LNG液力透平膨胀端的转速低于所述电动机的转速时,所述的超速离合器脱开,所述的BOG增压机的驱动由所述电动机驱动。
8.根据权利要求2或3所述的LNG能量回收工艺,其特征在于,所述LNG液力透平装置的膨胀端与BOG增压机同轴安装。
9.根据权利要求2或3所述的LNG能量回收工艺,其特征在于,所述的LNG液力透平装置的增压端与BOG增压机的输入端之间采用双驱动模式。
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Effective date of registration: 20230411 Address after: 610000 No. 1-16, 42 / F, building 2, No. 88, Jitai fifth road, high tech Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan Patentee after: SICHUAN JEREH HENGRI NATURAL GAS ENGINEERING CO.,LTD. Address before: 264000 No. 9 Jierui Road, Laishan District, Yantai City, Shandong Province Patentee before: JEREH OIL & GAS ENGINEERING Corp. |