CN105227178B - A kind of Optical phase-locked loop for expanding loop timing belt - Google Patents
A kind of Optical phase-locked loop for expanding loop timing belt Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of Optical phase-locked loop for expanding loop timing belt, including solid signal laser, fiber coupler, balanced detector, loop filter, voltage transformation module, voltage measurement control module, piezoelectric actuator and solid local oscillator laser；The first frequency control signal V of loop filter outputc1An input port and voltage transformation module for piezoelectric actuator, the V of input voltage modular converter are inputted respectivelyc1After linear transformation, input voltage measurement control module, second frequency control signal V is obtainedc2, second frequency control signal Vc2Input another input port of piezoelectric actuator.The present invention is according to Vc1Size change Vc2, work as Vc1During close to the upper limit, V is improvedc2To reduce Vc1Value；Work as Vc1During close to lower limit, reduce Vc2To improve Vc1Value, make loop filter output voltage Vc1In normal range of operation, while loop stability is ensured, expand the timing belt of loop.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Optical phase-locked loop in photoelectron technical field, and in particular to a kind of light lock for expanding loop timing belt
Xiang Huan.
Background technology
Optical phase-locked loop realizes the PGC demodulation of two beams or multiple laser by controlling the optical path length of laserresonator,
There is important application in homodyne spatial coherence optical communication system, laser coherence detection system and Laser coherent combining system.Light is locked
Phase ring is mainly made up of elements such as local oscillator laser, optical mixer unit and loop filters, wherein, it is high performance frequency stabilization, tunable
Light source is the Primary Component in Optical phase-locked loop.The Optical phase-locked loop of early stage is based primarily upon gas laser, but the longevity of gas laser
The limitation of life, volume, efficiency etc., it is set to be difficult to meet the needs of practical application.With the development of semiconductor laser, its
Line width is constantly compressed, and develops a variety of tuning manners, and realizes PGC demodulation in an experiment.Though semiconductor laser
Right small volume, cost are low, but its line width is wider, and phase noise is big, is easily caused phase-locked loop losing lock, is unfavorable for the reliable fortune of system
OK.
The Solid State Laser technology of diode pumping has good coherence, long lifespan, high reliability, progressively substitutes gas
Body and semiconductor laser and as Optical phase-locked loop preferred light source.At present, Nd:YAG monoblock and non-planar ring lasers
(NPRO) line width and noise can fully meet the requirement of Optical phase-locked loop, and the Optical phase-locked loop based on NPRO has been successfully applied to space
In coherent optical communication system, high-precision laser PGC demodulation and highly sensitive homodyne coherent light communication are realized.
Nd:The frequency modulation(PFM) of YAG monoblock and non-planars ring laser (NPRO) can use temperature and piezoelectricity two ways.Temperature
Frequency modulation is spent by changing Nd:The temperature of YAG crystal, and then change the optical path length of ring resonator, realize tuning, typical temperature
Degree coefficient of frequency modulation is 3GHz/K, but frequency modulation responsive bandwidth is very narrow (main cause is that temperature change is slower), generally 1Hz with
It is interior.Piezoelectricity frequency modulation is added in the voltage on piezoelectric ceramics to change Nd by changing:(piezoelectric ceramics is bonded the refractive index of YAG crystal
On the top surface of crystal), laser tuning is realized, typical piezoelectricity coefficient of frequency modulation is 1MHz/V, and piezoelectricity frequency modulation responsive bandwidth is wider,
It can reach 100kHz.Because the frequency change of laser is very fast, NPRO light lock is mutually mainly realized by piezoelectricity frequency modulation.
L.G.Kazovsky(L.G.Kazovsky and D.A.Atlas,A 1320 nm Experimental
Optical Phase-Locked Loop,IEEE Photonics Technology Letters,Vol.1,395-397,
Etc. 1989) propose and a kind of be based on Nd:The phase-locked loop of YAG NPRO lasers, the phase-locked loop include 3dB fiber couplers,
Balanced detector, loop filtering amplifier and local oscillator Nd:YAG NPRO lasers, above device are followed in series to form close ring
Road, i.e. Optical phase-locked loop.The flashlight of input phaselocked loop is interfered with local oscillator laser in 3dB fiber couplers, exports beat frequency
Optical signal is converted into electric signal through balanced detector, and the signal is phase error signal；Phase error signal input loop filter
After twt amplifier, output frequency control signal；By frequency control signal input local oscillator Nd:The piezoelectricity of YAG NPRO lasers
(PZT) frequency modulation port, the laser frequency change of control local oscillator, and then change local oscillator laser phase, you can realize signal laser and this
Shake the PGC demodulation of laser.Because the excursion of laser frequency is larger, loop-locking is maintained, then needs to expand the synchronization of loop
Band (timing belt is the maximum inherent frequency error for being able to maintain that loop-locking), the method for expanding loop timing belt generally use is to improve
Loop gain, but gain exceedes certain limit and can cause loop self-excited vibration, can not steady operation.
The content of the invention
A kind of the defects of present invention exists for background technology, it is proposed that Optical phase-locked loop for expanding loop timing belt.This hair
Mingguang City's phaselocked loop adds voltage transformation module and voltage measurement control module in traditional optical phase-locked loop, is surveyed by the circuit
Measure loop filter output voltage Vc1, and according to Vc1Adjust the output voltage V of voltage measurement control modulec2, in closed loop states
Under, due to the negative feedback mechanism of loop, Vc1And Vc2Sum only determines by signal light frequency, can for given signal light frequency
By improving Vc2To reduce Vc1, or by reducing Vc2To increase Vc1, make the output voltage V of loop filterc1In normal work
In the range of work.And Vc2In interior change in a big way, then Vc1Also can be in interior change in a big way, so as to ensure loop stability
While, expand the timing belt of loop.
The solution of the present invention is directed in optical phase-locked loop, the loop caused by laser frequency excursion is big
The problem of contradiction between stability and timing belt, a kind of Optical phase-locked loop for expanding loop timing belt provided by the invention, including
Solid signal laser 1-1, fiber coupler 1-2, balanced detector 1-3, loop filter 1-4, voltage transformation module 1-6,
Voltage measurement control module 1-5, piezoelectric actuator 1-7 and solid local oscillator laser 1-8；The solid signal laser 1-1 and
Solid local oscillator laser 1-8 optical input fiber coupler 1-2, the beat frequency optical signal that output two-way phase difference is 180 °,
Phase error signal is obtained by balanced detector 1-3；The phase error signal inputs loop filter 1-4, obtains first
Frequency control signal Vc1, the first frequency control signal Vc1A piezoelectric actuator 1-7 input port and electricity is inputted respectively
Press modular converter, the V of input voltage modular converterc1After linear transformation, input voltage measurement control module 1-5, the second frequency is obtained
Rate control signal Vc2, the second frequency control signal Vc2Input piezoelectric actuator 1-7 another input port；Described
One frequency control signal Vc1With second frequency control signal Vc2It is exaggerated and sums respectively in piezoelectric actuator 1-7, it is then defeated
Go out the piezoelectricity control terminal to solid local oscillator laser 1-8.
Further, the solid signal laser is NPRO signal lasers, and the solid local oscillator laser is NPRO
Local oscillator laser.
Further, the present invention measures the loop filter 1-4 output voltages V under PGC demodulation state firstc1, according to
Vc1Size change voltage measurement control module 1-5 output voltage Vc2, work as Vc1Close to prescribing a time limit thereon, by improving Vc2Come
Reduce Vc1Value；Work as Vc1During close to its lower limit, by reducing Vc2To improve Vc1Value, so as to reach expand loop timing belt
Purpose.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：The present invention in phase-locked loop by setting voltage transformation module and voltage measurement control
Molding block, the contradiction between traditional Optical phase-locked loop intermediate ring road stability and timing belt is overcome, while loop stability is kept,
Effectively expand the timing belt of loop；Because piezoelectricity frequency modulation has the advantages of responsive bandwidth is wider, optical phase-locked loop of the present invention can
Successfully manage the larger situation of laser frequency drift speed；And the device employed in circuit is routine, commercial component, is had
Cost is low, the advantages that easily realizing.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of the Optical phase-locked loop of expansion loop timing belt provided by the invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of voltage transformation module in Optical phase-locked loop of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of voltage measurement control module in Optical phase-locked loop of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the measurement control flow chart of voltage measurement control module in Optical phase-locked loop of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of piezoelectric actuator in Optical phase-locked loop of the present invention.
In figure：1-1.NPRO signal laser；1-2. fiber coupler；1-3. balanced detector；1-4. loop filter；
1-5. voltage measurement control modules；1-6. voltage transformation module；1-7. piezoelectric actuator；1-8.NPRO local oscillator lasers；2-1.
Amplifier chip；3-1.A/D conversion chip；3-2. control chip；3-3. has source crystal oscillator；3-4.D/A conversion chip；3-5.RC low pass
Filter circuit；3-6. address latches control ALE lines；3-7. control AD conversion starts ST lines；3-8. allows data input OE
Line；3-9.8 positions data line；X is the magnitude of voltage of single chip computer measurement, and M is upper voltage limit, and L is lower voltage limit；5-1. high pressure
Operational amplifier.
Embodiment
In present embodiment：Signal laser 1-1/ local oscillator lasers 1-8：Model Mephisto S, line width 1kHz, work
Wavelength 1064nm；
Fiber coupler 1-2：Model PMFC-06-2-50-F-2222-LLLL-P-0.8, more scientific and technological (Shenzhen) the limited public affairs of light
Department；
Balanced detector 1-3 and loop filter 1-4：Structure and parameter and (L.G.Kazovsky and in background technology
D.A.Atlas,A 1320 nm Experimental Optical Phase-Locked Loop,IEEE Photonics
Technology Letters, Vol.1,395-397,1989) it is consistent；
Amplifier chip 2-1：Model OP07, Low-offset voltage two-way operational amplifier, U.S. Analog Devices are public
Department's production；
A/D conversion chips 3-1：Model ADC0809,8 Approach by inchmeal A/D digital analog converters, National Semiconductor are public
Department's production；
Control chip 3-2：Model STC89C52：8 Low Power High Performance CMOS microcontrollers, MCS-51 kernels, STC are public
Department's production；
There is source crystal oscillator 3-3：500kHz has source crystal oscillator, provides 500kHz square-like clock signals for A/D chip, the permanent wound in Shenzhen is big
Electronics corporation produces；
D/A conversion chips 3-4：Model AD7247,12 complete DAC of binary channels, the life of Analog Devices companies of the U.S.
Production；
RC low-pass filter circuits 3-5：R=10.6 Ω, C=15 μ F, bandwidth 1kHz；
High voltage operational amplifier 5-1：Model PB89, output voltage range ± 550V, Cirrus Logic company produce.
Embodiment
A kind of Optical phase-locked loop for expanding loop timing belt, as shown in figure 1, using NPRO signal lasers 1-1, fiber coupling
Device 1-2, balanced detector 1-3, loop filter 1-4, voltage transformation module 1-6, voltage measurement control module 1-5, piezoelectricity drive
The optical phase-locked loop that dynamic device 1-7 and NPRO local oscillator laser 1-8 annulars are in series, complete the phase lock of flashlight and local oscillator light
It is fixed；NPRO signal laser 1-1 and NPRO local oscillator lasers 1-8 optical signal is input to fiber coupler 1-2, exports two-way phase
Potential difference is 180 ° of beat frequency optical signal, is then input to balanced detector 1-3, obtains the phase error signal of phase-locked loop；Institute
Phase error signal input loop filter 1-4 is stated, obtains first frequency control signal Vc1, obtained first frequency control signal
Vc1The input port and voltage transformation module 1-6, the voltage transformation module 1-6 for inputting piezoelectric actuator 1-7 respectively will
First frequency control signal Vc1Linear transformation is the voltage range that subsequent voltage measures control module work, and is input to voltage survey
Measure control module 1-5；Voltage measurement control module 1-5 measurement chip passes through programme-control according to resulting voltage magnitude
Export second frequency control signal Vc2, and input piezoelectric actuator 1-7 another input port；The piezoelectric actuator 1-7 will
First frequency control signal Vc1With second frequency control signal Vc2Amplify corresponding multiple respectively and remake addition, obtain piezoelectricity drive
Dynamic signal, then input NPRO local oscillator lasers 1-8 piezoelectricity control terminal.When loop is in lock-out state, passed through by measuring
Voltage magnitude caused by voltage transformation module, judge whether to need to change Vc2, to reach the purpose for expanding timing belt.
The structure of voltage transformation module 1-6, voltage measurement control module 1-5 and piezoelectric actuator 1-7 in the present embodiment
It is as follows with operation principle：
(1) due to first frequency control signal Vc1Excursion it is different from the measurement range of used single-chip microcomputer, because
This needs to add voltage transformation module, and the voltage transformation module can be by voltage signal Vc1Linear is converted into different range
Voltage signal.Voltage transformation module 1-6 schematic diagram is as shown in Fig. 2 the first frequency control signal of loop filter 1-4 outputs
Vc1By resistance R2Operational amplifier 2-1 forward end is connected to, the backward end of operational amplifier passes through R1After be grounded, the fortune
Calculate the forward end and resistance R of amplifier3It is connected, resistance R4One end connection resistance R3, other end connection positive voltage V+, slide and become
Hinder device Rf1One end connection resistance R3, other end connection negative voltage V-, between the backward end and output end of the operational amplifier 2-1
It is also associated with slide rheostat Rf2。
The general principle of the voltage transformation module 1-6 is：In circuit diagram, according to operational amplifier OP07 general spy
Property, output voltage Vout1With the voltage V in circuit diagram 22Linear Vout1=kV2`+ b, k and b numerical value are slided by 10K
Rheostat Rf2To determine；And the voltage V at node 22With the voltage V at node 11It is equal, input voltage Vc1With the electricity at node 1
Press also linear V1=mVc1+ d, m and d numerical value are by resistance R2, R3, R4And 5K slide rheostats Rf1Together decide on.Cause
This, can obtain following relational expression Vout1=kmVc1+kd+b；By the numerical value of resistance in reasonable set circuit, can be achieved -3V
~+3V input voltage Vc1Linear transforms to 0~5V, is by the resistance that further can be calculated each resistance in Fig. 2：R1
=10K Ω, R2=2K Ω, R3=2K Ω, R4=1.5K Ω, the value of two slide rheostats：Rf1=2.5K Ω, Rf2=10K Ω.
(2) voltage measurement control module 1-5 structure is as shown in figure 3, by A/D conversion chips 3-1, control chip 3-2；Have
Source crystal oscillator 3-3, D/A conversion chip 3-4, RC low-pass filter circuit 3-5 is formed.There is source crystal oscillator 3-3 to produce 500kHz square wave clocks
Signal, it is input to A/D conversion chips 3-1, there is provided clock frequency needed for A/D conversion chips, voltage transformation module 1-6 output electricity
Press Vout1Input A/D conversion chips 3-1；Between A/D conversion chips 3-1 and control chip 3-2 by 8 data line 3-9,
Address latch control ALE lines 3-6, control AD conversion start ST lines 3-7, allow data input OE lines 3-8 to be attached,
A/D conversion chips 3-1 is a kind of 8 CMOS Approach by inchmeal analog-digital chips, 0~5V voltages can be measured, due in chip
Portion can not produce clock signal, so needing to provide 500kHz square-like clock signals by external active crystal oscillator；8 of chip
Data line 3-9 Access Control chips 3-2 P0Mouthful, the scope of 8 bits is 0~255, so 51 corresponding 1V electricity
Pressure, realize the quantization to external output voltage, then as measured by judging single-chip microcomputer voltage corresponding numerical value, after quantization
Data realize coding, voltage signal are converted into binary numeral, according to resulting binary number size and known voltage
Up/down limit (M/L) is compared judgement, and then (control flow is by Fig. 4 for 12 binary control signals of control chip 3-2 outputs
Provide)；The binary control signal of last control chip 3-2 outputs is transformed to analog voltage control after D/A conversion chips 3-4
Signal processed, then produce second frequency control signal V by RC low pass filters 3-5c2.RC low pass filters 3-5 is by a resistance R
It is in series with an electric capacity C, R=10.6 Ω, C=15 μ F, bandwidth 1kHz.
Voltage measurement control module 1-5 measurement control flow is as shown in figure 4, when loop-locking, first to controlling core
Piece 3-2 is initialized, and it is 0 to make 12 binary control signals of output；Then ALE and ST lines are passed through by control chip 3-2
High level is sent to A/D conversion chips 3-1 respective pins respectively, address latch is respectively allowed for and starts AD conversion, start to read
Power taking pressure, after reading voltage terminates, close allows address latch and AD conversion respectively, and is 8 by the voltage conversion read
Position digital signal, the data signal is inputted into control chip 3-2 by 8 data line 3-9, calculates magnitude of voltage X；Power taking
It is 4.5V to press upper limit M, and lower voltage limit L is 0.5V：Work as X>When 4.5, control chip 3-2 adds 1 by binary control signal is exported, by
In the negative feedback mechanism of loop, when signal light frequency is given, the voltage of input local oscillator laser 1-8 piezoelectricity control terminal is permanent
Fixed, output binary control signal adds 1 can cause Vc2Increase 2.44mV, and then cause Vc1The corresponding 9.76mV that reduces (is driven by piezoelectricity
Dynamic device 1-7 gain determines)；Work as X<When 0.5, control chip 3-2 subtracts 1 by binary control signal is exported, and makes Vc1Corresponding increase
9.76mV (is determined) by piezoelectric actuator 1-7 gain；When X is when between 0.5~4.5, any operation is not taken；Then again
Read voltage Vc1, and subsequently measure and control, circulate successively, make voltage Vc1Always work in -2.7~+2.7V, loop
Remain locking.
(3) piezoelectric actuator 1-7 schematic diagram is as shown in figure 5, it uses the adder based on high voltage operational amplifier 5-1
The model PB89 of structure, wherein high voltage operational amplifier 5-1, output voltage range can reach ± 550V, in Fig. 5, R5=
2.5K Ω, R6=4K Ω, R7=1K Ω, Rf3=110K Ω.To voltage Vc1Gain be 9 times, to voltage Vc2Gain be 36 times.
Expansion effect of the present embodiment to loop timing belt can be estimated as follows：The piezoelectricity coefficient of frequency modulation for taking local oscillator laser is
1.6MHz/V, when not using structure (conventional structure) of the present embodiment, its timing belt is 6V × 9 × 1.6MHz/V=
86.4MHz；When using the present embodiment structure when, its timing belt can reach ((10V × 36+5.4V × 9) × 1.6MHz/V)=
654MHz or so, so as to effectively expand the timing belt of loop.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of Optical phase-locked loop for expanding loop timing belt, including it is solid signal laser (1-1), fiber coupler (1-2), flat
Weighing apparatus detector (1-3), loop filter (1-4), voltage transformation module (1-6), voltage measurement control module (1-5), piezoelectricity drive
Dynamic device (1-7) and solid local oscillator laser (1-8)；The solid signal laser (1-1) and solid local oscillator laser (1-8)
Optical input fiber coupler (1-2), the beat frequency optical signal that output two-way phase difference is 180 °, by balanced detector (1-
3) phase error signal is obtained；The phase error signal input loop filter (1-4), obtains first frequency control signal
(Vc1), the first frequency control signal (Vc1) respectively input piezoelectric actuator (1-7) an input port and voltage conversion
Module, the first frequency control signal (V of input voltage modular converterc1) after linear transformation, input voltage measurement control module (1-
5) second frequency control signal (V, is obtainedc2), the second frequency control signal (Vc2) input the another of piezoelectric actuator (1-7)
One input port；First frequency control signal (the Vc1) and second frequency control signal (Vc2) at piezoelectric actuator (1-7)
It is middle to be exaggerated and sum respectively, it is then output to the piezoelectricity control terminal of solid local oscillator laser (1-8)；Voltage measurement control module
According to first frequency control signal (Vc1) size control output second frequency control signal (Vc2), believe when first frequency controls
Number (Vc1) close to the upper limit when, by improving second frequency control signal (Vc2) reduce first frequency control signal (Vc1) value；
As first frequency control signal (Vc1) close to lower limit when, by reducing second frequency control signal (Vc2) improve first frequency
Control signal (Vc1) value.
2. the Optical phase-locked loop according to claim 1 for expanding loop timing belt, it is characterised in that the solid signal laser
Device is NPRO signal lasers, and the solid local oscillator laser is NPRO local oscillator lasers.
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| CN111245520A (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2020-06-05 | 北京理工大学 | Linear coherent receiving system of composite light phase-locked loop based on acousto-optic modulator |
| CN111565039B (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2023-03-21 | 电子科技大学 | Pulse phase-locked loop based on digital laser frequency discrimination |
| CN111916982B (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2021-11-02 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Optical local oscillator generation system and method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101944910A (en) * | 2009-07-07 | 2011-01-12 | 晨星软件研发(深圳)有限公司 | Double-phase-locked loop circuit and control method thereof |
| WO2014145162A3 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-12-24 | Alexandre Dupuy | Combination of steering antennas, cpl antenna(s), and one or more receive logarithmic detector amplifiers for siso and mimo applications |
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2015
- 2015-09-23 CN CN201510611677.3A patent/CN105227178B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101944910A (en) * | 2009-07-07 | 2011-01-12 | 晨星软件研发(深圳)有限公司 | Double-phase-locked loop circuit and control method thereof |
| WO2014145162A3 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-12-24 | Alexandre Dupuy | Combination of steering antennas, cpl antenna(s), and one or more receive logarithmic detector amplifiers for siso and mimo applications |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| A 1320 nm Experimental Optical Phase-Locked Loop;L.G.Kazovsky and D.A.Atlas;《IEEE Photonics Technology Letters》;19891130;第1卷;全文 * |
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