CN105220093A - A kind of densification method for reaction-injection moulding ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy material - Google Patents
A kind of densification method for reaction-injection moulding ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy material Download PDFInfo
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- CN105220093A CN105220093A CN201410231972.1A CN201410231972A CN105220093A CN 105220093 A CN105220093 A CN 105220093A CN 201410231972 A CN201410231972 A CN 201410231972A CN 105220093 A CN105220093 A CN 105220093A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of densification method for reaction-injection moulding ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy material, belong to metal material processing technical field.The ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy blank of reaction-injection moulding is placed in hot isostatic pressing stove through jacket and process of bleeding, vacuumize, heat, pressurize, carry out being incubated, pressurize densification, the parameter area of this densification is as follows: temperature is 440 ~ 475 DEG C, pressure is 80 ~ 120MPa, and the hold-time is 0.5 ~ 24h.Advantage of the present invention not only can effectively eliminate tissue defects in spray forming ingot, improve material density, also can avoid spray forming ingot in tradition when high temperature is long in homogenizing insulating process because of problem that inside is made defect aggravate further by high temperature oxidation, significantly improve materials microstructure and performance, improve quality conformance and the reliability of the finished product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of densification method for reaction-injection moulding ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy material, belong to metal material processing technical field.
Background technology
Al-Zn-Mg-Cu system (7xxx system) alloy is the Typical Representative in high strength alumin ium alloy, its appearance can trace back to nineteen thirties, along with the development of aircraft industry, industrially developed country have developed practical 7075 and B95 high strength alumin ium alloy in succession, replace the duralumin generally used in aircraft industry, be widely used in the manufacture of aircraft components.Nineteen sixties, on the basis optimizing traditional processing technology of preparing, by changing the interpolation contamination of various trace element in 7xxx line aluminium alloy, the novel thermal process technique etc. of research alloy, develop the multiple high strength alumin ium alloy with good use properties, comprise 7175,7475 etc., for the manufacture of high-strength structure part in the fuselage of various aircraft, wing shell spar, cabin wallboard, aircraft and rocket; In addition, also by the content of the main alloying elements such as Zn, Mg, Cu in further raising also optimization design 7xxx line aluminium alloy, in succession develop 7049,7050,7055,7449,7136,7095 and the higher alloy of B96 equal strength performance, obtain a wide range of applications in many occasions.For a long time, in employing traditional technology development and production Al-Zn-Mg-Cu system (7xxx system) alloy process, it is found that along with main alloying element (Zn, Mg, Cu) total content increases, the raising of alloying level, the performance of material can obtain lifting to a certain extent, but when main alloying element total content exceedes certain limit, due to the restriction (being generally no more than 10 DEG C/s) of traditional blank-making technology solidification cooling, a large amount of thick precipitated phases can be formed in alloy, these are difficult to make its back dissolving in matrix by follow-up solution treatment mutually, not only can not improve the volume fraction of ageing strengthening phase in final alloy further, the properties of material can be worsened on the contrary.
Along with rapid solidification/powder metallurgy (RS/PM) technique of new generation taking reaction-injection moulding as representative moves towards practical, make to prepare the strong 7xxx line aluminium alloy of various rapid solidification superelevation with industrial scale and product comes true.Spray forming technology is utilized to prepare various material, increase except keeping alloying element solubility, crystal grain is tiny, homogeneous microstructure, outside the advantage that traditional RS/PM techniques such as macroscopic view and microsegregation are suppressed possess, owing to being finally shaped from alloy melting to blank and can once completing, compared with traditional RS/PM technique, decrease the possibility that material is oxidized in whole preparation process, shorten preparation flow, reduce cost, and be easy to prepare blocks of large material, therefore, since this technology is born, obtain in industrially developed country and develop rapidly, 7xxx line aluminium alloy is one of spray forming technology field of first applying.Industrially developed country utilizes spray forming technology, and successfully exploitation has been prepared intensity rank and reached the strong 7xxx line aluminium alloy of 800MPa rapid solidification superelevation, and obtains application in the component of some keys manufactures.
Blemish in an otherwise perfect thing be, to prepare aluminium alloy different from traditional ingot metallurgy method, adopt rapid solidification spray forming technology to prepare in aluminum alloy holding poles defects such as inevitably loosening, pore, zone of oxidation are mingled with, the density of reaction-injection moulding aluminium alloy deposition perform is about about 91 ~ 95% under normal circumstances.In tradition, these defects subsequent thermal deformation processing (extruding, forging, rolling) that places one's entire reliance upon is cut down, but, though the alloy product after deformation processing is substantially fine and close, but defect is not thoroughly eliminated, segmental defect will retain among final processing material products with vacation closed (not having tangible metallurgical binding) or the form such as completely not closed, unfavorable to final alloy processing material products performance.In addition, in the manufacturing process flow of this type of material, Normal practice is generally before carrying out thermal distortion/densification to reaction-injection moulding alloy deposition blank, directly carry out long high temperature homogenizing annealing process (being generally 36 ~ 48h), with reach ingot blank homogenize process object; But unfortunately, for rapid solidification reaction-injection moulding ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy, due to the connection defect existed in deposition perform, when carrying out high temperature homogenizing annealing under long-time atmospheric exposure, defect inwall is easily oxidized, form new sheet zone of oxidation defect, cause in deposition perform the phenomenon occurring that zone of oxidation defect is aggravated.Above problem is all the major cause causing the finished product to process material different sites performance uniformity, lot stability and reliability deficiency, is the gordian technique difficult problem that must solve before this type of material moves towards practical engineering application.
Summary of the invention
Form new sheet zone of oxidation defect when long-time high temperature homogenizing annealing for the defect in deposition perform in prior art, tissue defects such as to be closed completely at the series of problems after thermal distortion processing, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of densification method for reaction-injection moulding ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy material, significantly to improve materials microstructure and performance, improve quality conformance and the reliability of the finished product.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of densification method for reaction-injection moulding ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy material, the ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy blank of reaction-injection moulding is placed in hot isostatic pressing stove through jacket and process of bleeding, vacuumize, heat, pressurize, carry out being incubated, pressurize densification, the parameter area of this densification is as follows: temperature is 440 ~ 475 DEG C, pressure is 80 ~ 120MPa, and the hold-time is 0.5 ~ 24h.
According to above densification method, the concrete technology step that reaction-injection moulding prepares the ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy material of densified state is as follows:
(1) the ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy deposition perform prepared reaction-injection moulding carries out jacket, process of bleeding, and obtains the reaction-injection moulding ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy deposition perform of band jacket;
(2) the reaction-injection moulding blank through jacket and process of bleeding is placed in hot isostatic pressing stove, carries out vacuumizing, heat, pressurize;
(3) until temperature and pressure reach to carry out after respective range being incubated, pressurize densification;
(4) after densification with stove cooling, pressure release, take out workpiece;
(5) jacket is removed in machining, obtains the ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy blank of densified state, for carrying out follow-up thermal treatment and deformation processing.
Described reaction-injection moulding ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy blank is preferably 7xxx line aluminium alloy, containing Al, Zn, Mg, Cu element, and at least one trace element in Cr, Zr, Mn, Sc, Er, Co and Ni.
Described 7xxx line aluminium alloy is AA7075, AA7050, AA7150, AA7055, AA7449, AA7036, AA7136, AA7010, AA7140, AA7037, AA7081, AA7085, AA7185, AA7285, AA7155, AA7056, AA7095 or AA7093 of IAI's registration.
Described 7xxx line aluminium alloy is preferably 7A04,7A09,7B04,7A60,7B09,7B50,7A55,7A85,7B85,7A93 alloy of China YouSe metal and alloy designations registration
The invention has the advantages that:
The present invention utilizes the ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy deposition perform of hot isostatic pressing method to reaction-injection moulding to carry out densification, before to reaction-injection moulding ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy Homogenization Treatments, first carry out hot isostatic pressing densification, the defect solved in deposition perform forms new sheet zone of oxidation defect when long-time high temperature homogenizing annealing, after thermal distortion processing, tissue defects such as to be healed completely at the series of problems, expand the technological approaches that reaction-injection moulding aluminum alloy materials following process manufactures, be a kind of be exclusively used in combine with spray forming technology prepare effective technique of ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy material goods.Use this processing method, not only effectively can eliminate tissue defects in spray forming ingot, improve material density, also can avoid the subsurface defect high temperature oxidation phenomenon that in tradition, spray forming ingot occurs in follow-up long-time homogenizing insulating process, effectively improve materials microstructure and performance, improve quality conformance and the reliability of the finished product.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the optical microstructure figure of reaction-injection moulding 7A93 aluminium alloy deposition perform.
Fig. 2 is that reaction-injection moulding 7A93 aluminium alloy deposition perform is schemed through the optical microstructure of hot-pressing densification (technique numbering 1-2) blank.
Fig. 3 is that reaction-injection moulding 7A93 aluminium alloy deposition perform is schemed through the optical microstructure that heat and other static pressuring processes of the present invention (technique numbering 1-5) processes.
Fig. 4 is that reaction-injection moulding 7A93 aluminium alloy deposition perform is schemed through the optical microstructure that heat and other static pressuring processes of the present invention (technique numbering 1-7) processes.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described by the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.
Embodiment
Apply the present invention to the 7A93 aluminium alloy of China YouSe metal and alloy designations registration, its nominal composition scope (massfraction, %) be: Si is not higher than 0.12, Fe is not higher than 0.15, Cu1.6 ~ 2.2, and Ni is not higher than 0.08, Mg2.0 ~ 2.6, Zn9.8 ~ 11.0, Zr0.15 ~ 0.30, surplus Al and inevitably other impurity; Select kind of an exemplary alloy composition wherein: 10.8%Zn, 2.5%Mg, 1.9%Cu, 0.15%Zr, surplus Al and inevitably other impurity.By the 7A93 alloy deposition blank machining railway carriage adopting reaction-injection moulding to prepare, be illustrated in figure 1 the optical microstructure figure of 7A93 alloy deposition blank.Implement different densification to 7A93 alloy prepared by reaction-injection moulding, densification processing parameter is as shown in table 1, by carrying out the volume density of densified state material testing the density index obtaining material.After densification, 440 DEG C × 12h+472 DEG C × 24h two-step homogenization thermal treatment is carried out to different process scheme sample, subsequently the blank after Homogenization Treatments is squeezed into the bar of diameter of phi 25mm, again 450 DEG C × 1.5h+475 DEG C × 1h solid solution, Water Quenching are carried out to bar, carry out subsequently aligning and carry out 120 DEG C × 16h single-stage peak value ageing treatment, final acquisition dimensions is the reaction-injection moulding superelevation strong 7A93 aluminium alloy aging state processing material of Φ 25mm × 3000mm.Processing material to aging state is that interval samples along its length with 200mm, tests the conventional mechanical property of different positions and obtains sample performance uniformity index along its length.Table 2 lists the densified state material density after different densification process process and final aging state processing material exemplary position performance number, along its length performance uniformity index.
Table 1
Note 1: adopt steel jacket, but blow-by, the upper and lower surface of aluminium alloy deposition perform directly contacts with hot pressing furnace pressure head
Table 2
As can be seen from Figure 1, the intrinsic tissue defects that the spray deposition processings such as obvious loose, pore bring is had in reaction-injection moulding 7A93 aluminium alloy deposition perform, the density of usual deposition perform only has about 92% ~ 95%, therefore must carry out densification to material.Be illustrated in figure 2 the optical microstructure figure of reaction-injection moulding 7A93 aluminium alloy deposition perform after hot-pressing densification process (technique numbering 1-2), can find out, the process of employing hot-pressing densification can cut down the tissue defects in deposition perform preferably, but still have some position defects to eliminate not yet completely in tissue, densification effect not yet reaches best.Fig. 3,4 be adopt the inventive method densification (technique numbering 1-5,1-7) afterwards blank optical microstructure scheme, can find out, macroscopically tissue defects basically eliminate, densification effect is very good.
Table 2 is depicted as the density of the densified state material after different densification process process and final aging state processing material exemplary position performance number, along its length performance uniformity index.Can find out, with without densification or compared with the conventional hot-pressing densification process, adopt the present invention that material acquisition not only can be made close to the perfect compact effect of theoretical density, the tissue defects in alloy also can be made to obtain the metallurgical binding of essence, avoid occurring in homogenizing heat treatment process when subsequent high temperature is long that internal oxidation, defect such as to aggravate further at the harmful phenomenon; Simultaneously, by carrying out statistical study discovery to final aging state processing material different positions mechanical property, after adopting the present invention, the different positions tensile strength values fluctuation range of the finished product is approximately 10 ~ 30MPa, namely squeeze wood different positions mechanical property uniformity deviation can be controlled within 1% ~ 4%, product performance consistence significantly improves, and can meet practical implementation to this type of quality of materials stability and Control for Dependability requirement.
Claims (4)
1. the densification method for reaction-injection moulding ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy material, it is characterized in that: the ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy blank of reaction-injection moulding is placed in hot isostatic pressing stove through jacket and process of bleeding, vacuumize, heat, pressurize, carry out being incubated, pressurize densification, the parameter area of this densification is as follows: temperature is 440 ~ 475 DEG C, pressure is 80 ~ 120MPa, and the hold-time is 0.5 ~ 24h.
2. the densification method for reaction-injection moulding ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy blank of described reaction-injection moulding is 7xxx line aluminium alloy, containing Al, Zn, Mg, Cu element, and at least one trace element in Cr, Zr, Mn, Sc, Er, Co and Ni.
3. the densification method for reaction-injection moulding ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy material according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described 7xxx line aluminium alloy is AA7075, AA7050, AA7150, AA7055, AA7449, AA7036, AA7136, AA7010, AA7140, AA7037, AA7081, AA7085, AA7185, AA7285, AA7155, AA7056, AA7095 or AA7093 of IAI's registration.
4. the densification method for reaction-injection moulding ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy material according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described 7xxx line aluminium alloy is 7A04,7A09,7B04,7A60,7B09,7B50,7A55,7A85,7B85,7A93 alloy of China YouSe metal and alloy designations registration.
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| CN109249025A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2019-01-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of aluminum alloy thin wall pieces hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process |
| CN110218915A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-09-10 | 江苏豪然喷射成形合金有限公司 | A kind of AlSi20Fe5Ni2The preparation method of blank |
| CN113802074A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-12-17 | 苏州奥拓博科新材料科技有限公司 | Hot isostatic pressing densification method suitable for spray deposition of high-strength aluminum alloy |
| CN114074167A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-02-22 | 上海工程技术大学 | Difficult-deformation aluminum alloy plate cake component and composite forming method thereof |
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