CN105206706A - Preparation method of nanometer chain solar battery - Google Patents
Preparation method of nanometer chain solar battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN105206706A CN105206706A CN201510518822.3A CN201510518822A CN105206706A CN 105206706 A CN105206706 A CN 105206706A CN 201510518822 A CN201510518822 A CN 201510518822A CN 105206706 A CN105206706 A CN 105206706A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
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- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005621 ferroelectricity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 description 6
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- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002182 La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
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- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MARUHZGHZWCEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenyl-2h-tetrazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NNN=N1 MARUHZGHZWCEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019606 La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910002367 SrTiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KTSFMFGEAAANTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Se].[Se].[In] Chemical compound [Cu].[Se].[Se].[In] KTSFMFGEAAANTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ITHZDDVSAWDQPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium acetate Chemical compound [Ba+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O ITHZDDVSAWDQPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910002075 lanthanum strontium manganite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a nanometer chain solar battery with a specific orientation. The method is carried out according to the following steps: step one, preparing electrodes, i.e., taking a substrate and an enclosing wall which includes a side wall and a top wall, preparing a lower electrode at the upper end surface of the substrate, and preparing an upper electrode at the lower surface of the top wall; step two, preparing a container, i.e., fixing the enclosing wall on the substrate to obtain the container; step three, preparing a magnetoelectric liquid, i.e., taking a magnetic-electric core-shell structured nanometer particles, a lipophilic surfactant and an oil base fluid, uniformly mixing the magnetic-electric core-shell structured nanometer particles, the lipophilic surfactant and the oil base fluid to obtain the magnetoelectric liquid, and adding the magnetoelectric liquid into the container; and step four, preparing the nanometer chain solar battery, i.e., applying an electric field to the container to obtain a ferroelectric nanometer chain, braking the container while the magnetic field is applied, after the oil base liquid and the lipophilic surfactant are dried, calcining the container, and obtaining the nanometer chain solar battery after the enclosing wall of the container is combusted/decomposed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of solar batteries, particularly relate to a kind of preparation method of nano chain solar cell.
Background technology
Energy crisis is the great difficult problem that our times various countries face, and exploitation regenerative resource is the effective way alleviating this problem.In numerous regenerative resource, solar energy has aboundresources, widely distributed, the clean advantage such as clean and enjoy favor because of it.Photovoltaic generation is a kind of principal mode of exploitation solar energy, and its principle utilizes photovoltaic effect to make photovoltaic cell, and the transform light energy of the sun is become electric energy.Photovoltaic cell is mainly divided into silicon, copper indium diselenide, GaAs, cadmium telluride and polymer photovoltaic cell etc.There is the shortcomings such as conversion efficiency is low, poor stability, production cost are higher in existing industrial thin-film solar cells.Wanting to change above shortcoming, by improving preparation technology and the technical parameter of film, or the utilization ratio of light can be improved.First method faces the problems such as R&D cycle long, cost is high, technical difficulty, and therefore, the utilization ratio improving light improves the important means of conversion efficiency, seems very necessary.Want the utilance improving sunlight, can pass through to improve film to the absorptivity of sunlight, and the thickness increasing film can accomplish this point.But film thickness is thicker, the stability of solar cell will certainly be reduced, also can increase the recombination rate of photo-generated carrier simultaneously, reduce conversion efficiency.Because nano wire (nano chain) has the character not available for a series of film, such as it has absorptivity, the low recombination rate high to light, one end of this external nano wire (nano chain) has stronger electric field (being similar to the electric field near needle point), therefore has higher collection efficiency to photo-generated carrier.Therefore prepare high-quality, possess specific texture, lower defect, higher purity (high principal phase ratio) nano wire (nano chain) be the effective means improving solar cell photoelectric conversion efficiency.Therefore, how to prepare there is specific texture, highly purified solar cell nanometer line (nano chain) just seems very necessary.
The weak point of current nano wire and preparation method thereof:
Prepare the method mainly bag hydro thermal method of nano wire at present, electrochemical process, sol-gel process, direct precipitation method, vapour deposition process.Regardless of which kind of method, be all difficult to obtain the nano wire with specific orientation, and preparation process more complicated.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of preparation method with the nano chain solar cell of specific orientation is provided.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this
A preparation method for nano chain solar cell, the method is carried out according to the following steps:
Step 1) prepare electrode
Get the substrate that exotic material is made, and for the leg of covering substrate, described leg comprises sidewall, roof, the burns/dissolves temperature of described leg is lower than the burns/dissolves temperature of ferroelectric material, prepare bottom electrode in the upper surface of substrate, prepare top electrode at the lower surface of roof;
Step 2) prepare container
Leg is fixed on substrate, obtains the container of hermetically-sealed construction;
Step 3) prepare magnetoelectricity liquid
Get nuclear shell structure nano particulate, lipophilic surfactant, oiliness base fluid, the core of described nuclear shell structure nano particulate is magnetic particle, the involucrum of nuclear shell structure nano particulate is ferroelectricity particulate, by nuclear shell structure nano particulate, lipophilic surfactant, oiliness base fluid Homogeneous phase mixing, obtain magnetoelectricity liquid, magnetoelectricity liquid is added in container;
Step 4) prepare nano chain solar cell
Magnetic field is applied to container, obtain the ferroelectric nano chain along magnetic direction, baking container while applying magnetic field, calcining vessel after drying oiliness base fluid, lipophilic surfactant, after at least burns/dissolves falls the leg roof of container, obtain nano chain solar cell.
In order to obtain larger photoelectric current when illumination, preferably, the thickness of described container had both been less than 1/5 of container length, was less than 1/5 of container width again, formed the container of laminated structure.
In order to burn leg at a lower temperature, preferably, the material of described leg adopts plastics.
Conveniently leg is fixed on substrate, preferably, step 2) in, described leg is adhesively fixed on substrate.
In order to ensure that base fluid can not burn when toasting, preferably, step 3) in, described oiliness base fluid is at least one in silicone oil, detergent alkylate, Polybutene oil.
In order to ensure the oleophylic performance of surfactant, preferably, step 3) in, described lipophilic surfactant is oleic acid.
In order to by nuclear shell structure nano particulate, lipophilic surfactant, oiliness base fluid Homogeneous phase mixing, preferably, step 3) in, nuclear shell structure nano particulate, lipophilic surfactant, the mixed method of oiliness base fluid is: first, by nuclear shell structure nano particulate and lipophilic surfactant Homogeneous phase mixing, then, by nuclear shell structure nano particulate, the mixture of lipophilic surfactant adds in oiliness base fluid, then, by nuclear shell structure nano particulate, lipophilic surfactant, the mixture of oiliness base fluid is put in air-tight bottle, finally, air-tight bottle is placed on shaking table and shakes, make being distributed in oiliness base fluid of nuclear shell structure nano particulate homogenous.
In order to magnetoelectricity liquid is added in container, preferably, step 3) in, described magnetoelectricity liquid syringe injects container.
In order to obtain the ferroelectric nano chain of vertical direction, preferably, step 4) in, vertically apply magnetic field, obtain the ferroelectric nano chain of vertical direction.
Conveniently be ablated off leg, preferably, step 4) in, remove magnetic field, then calcining vessel after drying oiliness base fluid, lipophilic surfactant.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, preparation method is simple, only needs to have ferroelectric microparticulate inside certain base fluid, forms ferroelectricity liquid.Applying magnetic field to ferroelectric liquid makes ferromagnetic fine particles form chain.
2, under magnetic fields, having ferroelectric particulate can rotate, and due in a liquid, so magnetic field can be smaller, due to Brownian movement, turning under magnetic field is easier.Need to apply relatively large electric field in solids and could allow change polarised direction, electric field easily causes sample breakdown too greatly.
3, pass through the size in change magnetic field, direction, gradient magnitude, just can regulate and control the length thickness of ferroelectric nano chain easily.
4, magnetic field is non-contacting field, has the ability of Long-distance Control, can make instrument miniaturization.Integrated.Do not need power supply, save energy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is embodiment of the present invention step 2) schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is embodiment of the present invention step 3) schematic diagram of the 3rd step;
Fig. 3 is embodiment of the present invention step 4) schematic diagram of the 1st step;
Fig. 4 is embodiment of the present invention step 4) schematic diagram of the 2nd step;
Fig. 5 is the transmission electron microscope picture of BTO powder;
Fig. 6 is the I-V curve of battery structure under illumination-not illumination.
In accompanying drawing, 1 is bottom electrode, and 2 is leg, and 3 is nuclear shell structure nano particulate, and 4 is base fluid, and 5 is ferroelectric nano chain, and 6 is top electrode.
Embodiment
Embodiment
Step 1) prepare electrode
For pulsed laser deposition, also can be other method, such as magnetron sputtering, sol-gel process etc.With La
0.7sr
0.3mnO
3be example as bottom electrode, also can adopt other material, such as conductive oxide ITO, La
0.5sr
0.5coO
3deng or metal, Au, Pt, Ag etc.First at SrTiO
3substrate (can certainly be the substrate of other type, silicon chip, glass etc.) cleans with ultrasonic wave respectively in acetone, alcohol, dries; With sand paper, chip bench is polished, and clean up, the substrate heat conduction elargol dried is bonded on chip bench, then block substrate according to the shape of required electrode, size, the corresponding mask plate of number.Put into after drying on cavity heating station, start to vacuumize.Treat that air pressure is extracted into 10
-4during Pa, start heated substrate platform.Attention should slowly be heated, and is generally heated to 700 DEG C of needs about 90 minutes.After reaching target temperature, with baffle plate, substrate is blocked, and pass into desired gas to certain pressure intensity.The energy of setting laser and frequency parameter, carry out pre-sputtering to remove La
0.7sr
0.3mnO
3film is (here with La
0.7sr
0.3mnO
3: being abbreviated as LSMO is example as the bottom electrode measuring photovoltaic effect, also can select other conductive films) dirt on surface, make film expose fresh surface, the pre-sputtering time is generally 2 ~ 5 minutes; In pre-sputtering process, the adjustment parameter such as laser optical path, range, with make plumage brightness end and chip bench tangent.Rotate chip bench and film, and make laser at X, Y-direction particles; After treating temperature, stable gas pressure, remove baffle plate, deposit.Select suitable sedimentation time according to required film thickness, after deposition terminates, be filled with certain gas as required and slow cooling.
Take the leg in covering substrate, described leg comprises sidewall, roof, the burns/dissolves temperature of described leg is lower than the burns/dissolves temperature of ferroelectric material, the material of leg adopts organic substance thin slice (or the film that other material does, the necessary decomposition temperature of this material is lower, lower than ferroelectric material, preferably controls below 500 degree), in the present embodiment, leg adopts plastic sheet to make, and prepares top electrode at the lower surface of roof.Top electrode can by metals such as metal spraying on the roof of surfacing, spray silver, or with preparation of metals such as gold, silver in sol evenning machine spin coating, or it is also passable to prepare top electrode by other method.In actual fabrication process, the top electrode of arbitrary shape, arbitrary dimension, any number can be prepared as required.
Step 2) prepare container
As shown in Figure 1, by leg by AB glue, 502 glue etc., cover from surrounding and top and bond to substrate, obtain laminar container, the length of container and wide all much larger than thick.Its objective is to form " flake ".If container is too thick, volume of a container will be larger, and the magnetoelectricity liquid wherein filled will be many, and the thickness of the ferroelectric nano chain finally obtained is just thicker.The thickness of ferroelectric material is thicker, and light can not penetrate completely, and the photo-generated carrier obtained is just fewer.In addition, ferroelectric layer is too thick, photo-generated carrier compound more, and the photogenerated current obtained is just very little.Such as long and wide is all 1cm, and thickness is 1mm.Container also can be processed by other method.
Step 3) prepare magnetoelectricity liquid
1st step: the preparation of CFO-BTO magnetic-electric core-shell structure magnetic particulate:
Preparation has ferromagnetic Conjugate ferrite (CFO) nanoparticle:
Such as, by FeCl
36H
2o (0.04mol, 100mL) and Co (NO
3)
26H
2o (0.02mol, 100mL) mixes, and adds NaOH (0.35mol, 500mL), then mixed solution is heated to boiling, the rapid stirring of companion. and boiling takes off natural sedimentation after continuing 1min. the fully HNO of the rear 1mol/L of precipitation
3solution cleans sediment until pH value is 7. then cleaning products therefrom is obtained after acetone dehydration, the operation such as dry required having ferromagnetic CFO nanoparticle.
Ferroelectric barium titanate (BTO) particulate is prepared with sol-gel process:
1) preparation of barium precursor liquid: join in barium acetate by appropriate glacial acetic acid, is placed in 80 DEG C of thermostat water bath heating for dissolving, is transferred in volumetric flask after cooling, adopts buret to drip ethylene glycol ethyl ether constant volume and namely obtains Ba precursor liquid.2) preparation of titanium precursor liquid: join in butyl titanate as mixed solvent using glacial acetic acid and ethylene glycol ethyl ether, transfers in volumetric flask after dissolving, and adopts buret instillation ethylene glycol ethyl ether constant volume namely to obtain Ti precursor liquid.Ti precursor liquid is added drop-wise in Ba precursor liquid, adds appropriate acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione after dropping to adjust dissolved adhesiveness, after mixing, namely obtained the colloidal sol of pure barium titanate through 24 hours.If the colloidal sol of barium titanate doping need be prepared, only need add appropriate La precursor liquid, Nd precursor liquid or Co precursor liquid simultaneously, after hours aging through 24, namely obtain the colloidal sol of barium titanate doping.If be necessary, ethanol in proper amount amine also can be added to control the viscosity of colloidal sol.Then joining in colloidal sol by CFO magnetic nanometer particles, finally toasted on heating station by the mixture of the colloidal sol obtained and particulate, put into box type furnace and sinter after drying, is 900 DEG C in sintering temperature, and the time is 2h.After fully being ground by products therefrom, obtain the required CFO-BTO nanoparticle with magnetic-electric nucleocapsid structure.
2nd step: the preparation of CFO-BTO magnetic-electric nucleocapsid structure magnetoelectricity liquid:
According to the demand of oneself, certain mass had being dispersed in certain density silicone oil of CFO-BTO magnetic-electric nuclear shell structure nano particulate homogenous.The features such as silicone oil has high-low temperature resistant, chemical stability is good, steam forces down, viscosity temperature influence is little are the desirable carrier fluids of magnetoelectricity liquid.But the characteristic of silicone oil water and oil repellence makes must have oleophylic performance by having the surfactant that CFO-BTO magnetic-electric nuclear shell structure nano particulate homogenous is scattered in wherein, and energy coated magnetic particulate, otherwise easily there is the phenomenons such as reunion, sedimentation.Use oleic acid as surfactant.
Be specially: as requested, such as, need configuration particulate volume fraction to be 5%, cumulative volume be 100ml there is CFO-BTO magnetic-electric nucleocapsid structure magnetoelectricity liquid, so, required particulate volume is 5ml, and its density is about 6g/cm
3, then the quality of particulate is needed to be 30g; The concentration of oleic acid is 2%, then need the oleic acid measuring 2ml; The volume of silicone oil is 100-5-2=93ml; Therefore,
First, what weigh 30g has that CFO-BTO magnetic-(volume is about 5cm to electric nucleocapsid structure
3), add in the oleic acid of 2ml, shake, be then dispersed in uniformly in 93ml silicone oil, in the vial putting good seal into or other container, shaking table carries out shake about 1 hour.Then just obtaining microsome integration number is 5%, cumulative volume be 100ml there is CFO-BTO magnetic-magnetic magnetoelectricity liquid of electric nucleocapsid structure tool.
3rd step: CFO-BTO magnetoelectricity liquid syringe will be obtained in previous step or other method is injected in container, just obtain the container that magnetoelectricity liquid is housed in Fig. 2.
Step 4) prepare nano chain solar cell
1st step: the formation of nano chain: magnetic field is applied to the magnetoelectricity liquid obtained in previous step, just obtains ferroelectricity nano chain along magnetic direction.Such as vertically apply magnetic field, just obtain the ferroelectric nano chain of vertical direction shown in Fig. 3.
2nd step: put into high-temperature baking by obtaining structure in previous step, object is fallen the substance decomposition of the roof of leg.Material as leg sidewall can select different materials to determine whether point taking off as required, and concrete condition is as follows: if need the pattern measuring nano chain from the side, then need sidewall decomposition to fall, otherwise bad observation.When measured surface pattern, if Sidewall Height is greater than the height of top electrode, to such an extent as to when bad observation surface topography, just need sidewall decomposition to fall.If measure the character of vertical direction nano chain, such as conductivity, ferroelectricity etc., at this moment sidewall can not impact, then can remove.The last solar battery structure be made up of ferroelectric nano chain just obtaining Fig. 4.
After formation nano chain, owing to reuniting, be easy between nano chain form cluster-shaped, instead of one one is separated, the factors such as reunion degree and the concentration of particulate, the size applying magnetic field and time are relevant, the nano chain of the longitudinal direction as shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, from applying magnetic field, nano chain just can contact with upper/lower electrode, after being evaporated by liquid under maintenance magnetic field, nano chain also can keep original shape substantially, keeps in touch with upper/lower electrode.
Detect obtained solar cell, result is as follows:
As can be known from Fig. 5, the BTO powder prepared by us is spherical substantially, is on average directly about 20nm.As can be known from Fig. 6, the I-V curve asymmetric obtained under positive back bias voltage, this is mainly because upper/lower electrode is different, causes the barrier height that formed between BFO from upper/lower electrode different caused.
In addition, can find that the solar cell that we obtain has obvious photovoltaic effect, namely under illumination and not illumination, depress in same electrical the electric current obtained and there is obvious difference.Our sample of surface has obvious photovoltaic performance.
The present invention is not only confined to above-described embodiment, in actual fabrication process, also device can be turn 90 degrees, then apply the magnetic field of level, Mr.'s nano chain transversely.After high-temperature baking, after liquid evaporation, due to Action of Gravity Field, nano chain can deposit to bottom, after firm, then forwards device to original position, the vertical direction nano chain namely obtained.
In the present embodiment, the roof of leg also can not prepare top electrode, directly at nano chain upper grown top electrode in last process.
The present invention is not only confined to above-described embodiment, if directly generate horizontal nano chain, after high-temperature baking, after liquid evaporation, due to Action of Gravity Field, nano chain can deposit to bottom.This time electrode and nano chain between can produce the space of large section.Therefore, if generate horizontal nano chain, the roof of leg does not need prepare top electrode, in last process, directly in horizontal nano chain, grow top electrode, to ensure top electrode contact nanometer chain.
What finally illustrate is, above preferred embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although by above preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, but those skilled in the art are to be understood that, various change can be made to it in the form and details, and not depart from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (10)
1. a preparation method for nano chain solar cell, is characterized in that, the method is carried out according to the following steps:
Step 1) prepare electrode
Get the substrate that exotic material is made, and for the leg of covering substrate, described leg comprises sidewall, roof, the burns/dissolves temperature of described leg is lower than the burns/dissolves temperature of ferroelectric material, prepare bottom electrode in the upper surface of substrate, prepare top electrode at the lower surface of roof;
Step 2) prepare container
Leg is fixed on substrate, obtains the container of hermetically-sealed construction;
Step 3) prepare magnetoelectricity liquid
Get nuclear shell structure nano particulate, lipophilic surfactant, oiliness base fluid, the core of described nuclear shell structure nano particulate is magnetic particle, the involucrum of nuclear shell structure nano particulate is ferroelectricity particulate, by nuclear shell structure nano particulate, lipophilic surfactant, oiliness base fluid Homogeneous phase mixing, obtain magnetoelectricity liquid, magnetoelectricity liquid is added in container;
Step 4) prepare nano chain solar cell
Magnetic field is applied to container, obtain the ferroelectric nano chain along magnetic direction, baking container while applying magnetic field, calcining vessel after drying oiliness base fluid, lipophilic surfactant, after at least burns/dissolves falls the leg roof of container, obtain nano chain solar cell.
2. the preparation method of nano chain solar cell according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of described container had both been less than 1/5 of container length, was less than 1/5 of container width again, forms the container of laminated structure.
3. the preparation method of nano chain solar cell according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the material of described leg adopts plastics.
4. the preparation method of nano chain solar cell according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 2) in, described leg is adhesively fixed on substrate.
5. the preparation method of nano chain solar cell according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 3) in, described oiliness base fluid is at least one in silicone oil, detergent alkylate, Polybutene oil.
6. the preparation method of nano chain solar cell according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 3) in, described lipophilic surfactant is oleic acid.
7. the preparation method of nano chain solar cell according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 3) in, nuclear shell structure nano particulate, lipophilic surfactant, the mixed method of oiliness base fluid is: first, by nuclear shell structure nano particulate and lipophilic surfactant Homogeneous phase mixing, then, by nuclear shell structure nano particulate, the mixture of lipophilic surfactant adds in oiliness base fluid, then, by nuclear shell structure nano particulate, lipophilic surfactant, the mixture of oiliness base fluid is put in air-tight bottle, finally, air-tight bottle is placed on shaking table and shakes, make being distributed in oiliness base fluid of nuclear shell structure nano particulate homogenous.
8. the preparation method of nano chain solar cell according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 3) in, described magnetoelectricity liquid syringe injects container.
9. the preparation method of nano chain solar cell according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 4) in, vertically apply magnetic field, obtain the ferroelectric nano chain of vertical direction.
10. the preparation method of nano chain solar cell according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 4) in, remove magnetic field, then calcining vessel after drying oiliness base fluid, lipophilic surfactant.
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| CN101311376A (en) * | 2008-02-26 | 2008-11-26 | 浙江大学 | Method for preparing strontium titanate nanometer powder of one-dimensional structure |
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