CN105203850B - Evaluation method, system and the vehicle of the internal resistance of cell - Google Patents

Evaluation method, system and the vehicle of the internal resistance of cell Download PDF

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CN105203850B
CN105203850B CN201510714296.8A CN201510714296A CN105203850B CN 105203850 B CN105203850 B CN 105203850B CN 201510714296 A CN201510714296 A CN 201510714296A CN 105203850 B CN105203850 B CN 105203850B
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battery
internal resistance
sampling instant
voltage
cell
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CN105203850A (en
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王少辉
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Beijing Electric Vehicle Co Ltd
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Beijing Electric Vehicle Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of evaluation method of the internal resistance of cell, system and vehicles, wherein this method includes:Obtain the initial voltage of battery, constant-current charge is carried out to battery under preset temperature, during carrying out constant-current charge to battery, it records the voltage of the corresponding battery of each sampling instant in multiple sampling instants and adds up to be filled with electricity, the accumulative influence coefficient for being filled with electricity and estimating the internal resistance of cell is obtained according to the corresponding accumulative electricity that is filled with of each sampling instant, and the internal resistance of battery is obtained according to the voltage of each corresponding battery of sampling instant in charging current, the initial voltage of battery, multiple sampling instants and influence coefficient.The evaluation method of the internal resistance of cell of the embodiment of the present invention can accurately estimate the internal resistance of cell in battery charging process, and estimation precision is high.

Description

Evaluation method, system and the vehicle of the internal resistance of cell
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery technology fields, and in particular to a kind of evaluation method of the internal resistance of cell, system and vehicle.
Background technology
The performance of the internal resistance of cell direct reaction cell to a certain extent, such as the service life of battery, the charging of battery, electric discharge Efficiency etc..In automobile technical field, the internal resistance by monitoring battery can assess the health status of battery, and then can analyze electricity Influence of the health status in pond to vehicle performance.If the internal resistance of cell in automobile is more than certain restrictions, it may be necessary to consider more The battery renewed, or need to carry out corresponding maintenance to battery to ensure the characteristic of vehicle.
Presently, there are the methods, such as direct-current discharge internal resistance measurement method, alternating current bridge method etc. of many estimation internal resistances of cell. In direct-current discharge internal resistance measurement method, test equipment is to the through a DC stream of battery (high current for generally using 40A-80A), then Battery both end voltage is measured, the internal resistance of cell is calculated using Ohm's law.AC bridge rule is that battery is equivalent active at one Resistance applies a fixed frequency and fixed current (generally using 1kHZ frequencies, 50mA low currents at present), simultaneously at battery both ends Voltage is sampled, calculates the internal resistance of the battery by operational amplification circuit after a series of processing such as over commutation, filtering Value.
Although higher measurement accuracy can be obtained using direct-current discharge method, the constant electricity of special offer greatly is needed Stream.Simultaneously as the condition limitation of evaluation method, the above method be difficult the internal resistance of cell realizing or measure on real vehicle exist compared with Big error.
Invention content
The present invention is directed to solve at least some of the technical problems in related technologies.For this purpose, the present invention One purpose is to propose that a kind of evaluation method of the internal resistance of cell, this method can be estimated accurately in battery charging process Internal resistance, and estimation precision is high.
Second object of the present invention is to propose a kind of estimating system of the internal resistance of cell.
Third object of the present invention is to propose a kind of vehicle.
To achieve the above object, the embodiment of first aspect present invention proposes a kind of evaluation method of the internal resistance of cell, packet Include following steps:Obtain the initial voltage of battery;Constant-current charge is carried out to the battery under preset temperature;To the battery During carrying out constant-current charge, records the voltage of the corresponding battery of each sampling instant in multiple sampling instants and add up It is filled with electricity;According to each sampling instant it is corresponding it is accumulative be filled with electricity and obtain this accumulative be filled with what electricity estimated the internal resistance of cell Influence coefficient;And according to each sampling instant pair in charging current, the initial voltage of the battery, the multiple sampling instant The voltage for the battery answered and the influence coefficient obtain the internal resistance of the battery.
The evaluation method of the internal resistance of cell according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention first records multiple samplings during constant-current charging of battery The voltage of the corresponding battery of each sampling instant is filled with electricity with accumulative in moment, corresponding accumulative further according to each sampling instant Be filled with electricity obtain this it is accumulative be filled with the influence coefficient that electricity estimate the internal resistance of cell, finally according to charging current, battery at the beginning of The voltage of each corresponding battery of sampling instant and influence coefficient obtain the internal resistance of battery in beginning voltage, multiple sampling instants, should Method can accurately estimate the internal resistance in battery charging process, and estimation precision is high.
In addition, the evaluation method of the internal resistance of cell according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technology Feature:
According to one embodiment of present invention, during carrying out constant-current charge to the battery, further include:According to institute State the corresponding battery of the first sampling instant in charging current, the initial voltage of the battery and the multiple sampling instant Voltage obtain the ohmic internal resistance of the battery.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the evaluation method of the internal resistance of cell further includes:According in the battery The ohmic internal resistance of resistance and the battery obtains the polarization resistance of battery.
According to one embodiment of present invention, it is described according to charging current, the battery initial voltage, the multiple adopt The voltage of the corresponding battery of each sampling instant and the influence coefficient obtain the internal resistance of the battery in the sample moment, specifically Including:It is corresponding described according to each sampling instant in charging current, the initial voltage of the battery, the multiple sampling instant The voltage of battery and the influence coefficient obtain the internal resistance value of battery described in each sampling instant;To the multiple sampling instant one The internal resistance value of one corresponding multiple batteries is averaged, to obtain the internal resistance of the battery.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the evaluation method of the internal resistance of cell further includes:According in the battery Resistance analyzes the health status SOH of the battery.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the embodiment of second aspect of the present invention proposes a kind of estimating system of the internal resistance of cell, packet It includes:Acquisition module, the initial voltage for obtaining battery;Charging module, it is permanent for being carried out to the battery under preset temperature Current charge;Computing module, for during carrying out constant-current charge to the battery, recording and each being adopted in multiple sampling instants The voltage of the sample moment corresponding battery is filled with electricity with accumulative, and adds up to be filled with electricity according to each sampling instant is corresponding It obtains this to add up to be filled with the influence coefficient that electricity estimates the internal resistance of cell, and according to charging current, the initial electricity of the battery The voltage of the corresponding battery of each sampling instant and the influence coefficient obtain the electricity in pressure, the multiple sampling instant The internal resistance in pond.
The estimating system of the internal resistance of cell according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention is corresponded to by computing module according to each sampling instant It is accumulative be filled with electricity obtain this it is accumulative be filled with the influence coefficient that electricity estimates the internal resistance of cell, finally according to charging current, electricity The voltage of each corresponding battery of sampling instant and influence coefficient obtain the interior of battery in the initial voltage in pond, multiple sampling instants Resistance, which can accurately estimate the internal resistance in battery charging process, and estimation precision is high.
In addition, the estimating system of the internal resistance of cell according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technology Feature:
According to one embodiment of present invention, the computing module is additionally operable to:Constant-current charge is being carried out to the battery In the process, according to the first sampling instant in the charging current, the initial voltage of the battery and the multiple sampling instant The voltage of the corresponding battery obtains the ohmic internal resistance of the battery.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the computing module is additionally operable to:According to the internal resistance of the battery and the electricity The ohmic internal resistance in pond obtains the polarization resistance of battery.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the computing module is used for:According to charging current, the initial electricity of the battery The voltage of the corresponding battery of each sampling instant and the influence coefficient obtain each adopt in pressure, the multiple sampling instant The internal resistance value of battery described in the sample moment;It averages to the internal resistance value of the multiple sampling instant multiple batteries correspondingly, To obtain the internal resistance of the battery.
Further, the embodiment of third aspect present invention proposes a kind of vehicle, including the internal resistance of cell is estimated Calculation system.The vehicle can accurately estimate the internal resistance in battery charging process, and estimation precision is high.
Description of the drawings
The above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will become in the description from combination following accompanying drawings to embodiment Obviously and it is readily appreciated that, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the evaluation method of the internal resistance of cell according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of internal resistance of cell evaluation method according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the evaluation method of the internal resistance of cell in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of the estimating system of the internal resistance of cell according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, it is intended to for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings evaluation method, system and the vehicle of the internal resistance of cell of the embodiment of the present invention are described.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the evaluation method of the internal resistance of cell of the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the evaluation method of the internal resistance of cell includes the following steps:
S101 obtains the initial voltage of battery.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2, T0Before moment, battery keeps static condition, and the cell voltage recorded at this time is V0.Its In, V0Not equal to zero, for example, the termination discharge voltage of cell phone lithium-ion batteries is generally 2.75V~3.0V.It is appreciated that can Rechargeable lithium ion battery can not overcharge, cross and put in use, otherwise can damage battery or be allowed to scrap.Therefore, charging lithium from Protection component or protection circuit are typically provided on sub- battery to prevent its damage.
S102 carries out constant-current charge under preset temperature to battery.
Wherein, preset temperature can be room temperature, such as can be 20 DEG C.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2, from T0From moment, start to carry out constant-current charge, charging current I to battery.
In one embodiment of the invention, constant-current charge is carried out to battery under preset temperature, it can also be according to charging The voltage of the corresponding battery of the first sampling instant obtains the Europe of battery in electric current, the initial voltage of battery and multiple sampling instants Nurse internal resistance.
Specifically, as shown in figure 3, the initial voltage of battery is V0', from T0' from the moment, start to carry out constant current to battery to fill Electricity, charging current I', charging time T1'-T0', the first sampling instant is T1', the first sampling instant, i.e. T1' moment correspondence Battery voltage be V1', then the ohmic internal resistance ohmR of battery can be calculated by formula (1):
OhmR=(V1'-V0')/I' (1)
S103 records each sampling instant in multiple sampling instants and corresponds to during carrying out constant-current charge to battery Battery voltage and accumulative be filled with electricity.
Wherein, as shown in Fig. 2, multiple sampling instants are T1,T2,...,Tn-1,Tn, corresponding voltage is V1,V2,..., Vn-1,Vn, wherein n is positive integer.
In an embodiment of the present invention, add up the current capacities for being filled with electricity and battery, i.e. SOC (State of Charge, state-of-charge) there are correspondences.Wherein, add up to be filled with electric quantity unit to be ampere-hour (i.e. Ah), SOC represents battery The ratio of current capacities and the capacity of its fully charged state is commonly used percentage and is indicated.Its value range is 0~1, works as SOC=0 When indicate battery discharge it is complete, as SOC=1 indicate battery be completely filled with.
S104, according to each sampling instant it is corresponding it is accumulative be filled with electricity and obtain this accumulative be filled with electricity the internal resistance of cell estimated The influence coefficient of calculation.
Wherein, add up to be filled with the influence coefficient that electricity estimates the internal resistance of cell, i.e., certain time in battery charging process Voltage increment.
Specifically, it can be inquired from table 1 and this is calculated and add up to be filled with the influence system that electricity estimates the internal resistance of cell Number.
Table 1
Monomer voltage (V) SOC (%) It is accumulative to be filled with electricity (Ah)
3.4V 0% 0
3.56V 10% 10.8Ah
3.61V 20% 21.6Ah
3.67V 30% 32.4Ah
3.72V 40% 43.2Ah
3.80V 50% 50.0Ah
3.90V 60% 64.8Ah
3.95V 70% 75.6Ah
4.01V 80% 86.4Ah
4.08V 90% 97.2Ah
4.12V 100% 108Ah
As shown in table 1, when battery is uncharged, the accumulative electricity that is filled with is 0, i.e., battery standing for a period of time after voltage be 3.4V;When battery it is accumulative be filled with electricity be 10.8Ah when, SOC 10%, voltage increment Δ V be 3.56V-3.4V=0.16V; When to be filled with electricity be 108Ah for battery accumulative, the full electricity of SOC 100%, i.e. battery, voltage increment Δ V is 4.12V-3.4V= 0.72V。
S105, according to each corresponding battery of sampling instant in charging current, the initial voltage of battery, multiple sampling instants Voltage and influence coefficient obtain the internal resistance of battery.
In an embodiment of the present invention, it is each sampled according in charging current, the initial voltage of battery, multiple sampling instants The voltage and influence coefficient of moment corresponding battery obtain the internal resistance of battery, specifically include:According to charging current, battery it is initial The voltage of each corresponding battery of sampling instant and influence coefficient obtain each sampling instant battery in voltage, multiple sampling instants Internal resistance value;It averages to the internal resistance value of multiple sampling instants multiple batteries correspondingly, to obtain the internal resistance of battery.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2, T can be calculated by formula (2)nThe internal resistance of sampling instant battery:
polarRn=(Vn-ΔVn-V0)/I (2)
Wherein, polarRnFor T in battery charging processnThe internal resistance of the battery at moment, I are charging current, V0For at the beginning of battery Beginning voltage, VnFor TnThe voltage and Δ V of moment batterynFor TnThe voltage increment of the battery at moment is (i.e.:Influence coefficient).
It should be noted that if sampling instant is compared with T0Time at intervals is very short, and SOC increments are less than preset value, such as can be 1%, then Δ VnIt is definite value.If sampling instant is compared with T0Time at intervals is longer, and SOC increments are more than preset value, such as 1%, then Δ VnIt is to become Amount, can pass through 1 acquisition of tabling look-up.
It further, can be by making (3) to calculate the internal resistance of cell:
PolarR=(polarR1+polarR2+...+polarRn)/n (3)
In an embodiment of the present invention, it can be obtained in the polarization of battery according to the internal resistance of battery and the ohmic internal resistance of battery Resistance.
Specifically, the polarization resistance R of battery can be calculated by formula (4):
R=polarR-ohmR (4)
Further, the health status SOH of the battery can be analyzed according to the internal resistance of battery.
The evaluation method of the internal resistance of cell according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention first records multiple samplings during constant-current charging of battery The voltage of the corresponding battery of each sampling instant is filled with electricity with accumulative in moment, corresponding accumulative further according to each sampling instant Be filled with electricity obtain this it is accumulative be filled with the influence coefficient that electricity estimate the internal resistance of cell, finally according to charging current, battery at the beginning of The voltage of each corresponding battery of sampling instant and influence coefficient obtain the internal resistance of battery in beginning voltage, multiple sampling instants, should Method can accurately estimate the internal resistance in battery charging process, and estimation precision is high.
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of the estimating system of the internal resistance of cell of the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in figure 4, the estimating system of the internal resistance of cell includes:Acquisition module 100, charging module 200 and computing module 300。
Wherein, acquisition module 100 is used to obtain the initial voltage of battery;Charging module 200 is for right under preset temperature Battery carries out constant-current charge;Computing module 300 is used to during carrying out constant-current charge to battery, record multiple sampling instants In each corresponding battery of sampling instant voltage and it is accumulative be filled with electricity, and accumulative be filled with according to each sampling instant is corresponding Electricity, which obtains this, to be added up to be filled with the influence coefficient that electricity estimates the internal resistance of cell, and according to charging current, the initial electricity of battery The voltage of the corresponding battery of each sampling instant and influence coefficient obtain the internal resistance of battery in pressure, multiple sampling instants.
In one embodiment of the invention, computing module 300 is additionally operable to during carrying out constant-current charge to battery, It is obtained according to the voltage of the corresponding battery of the first sampling instant in charging current, the initial voltage of battery and multiple sampling instants The ohmic internal resistance of battery;And the polarization resistance of battery is obtained according to the internal resistance of battery and the ohmic internal resistance of battery.
In another embodiment of the present invention, computing module 300 is additionally operable to the initial electricity according to charging current, battery The voltage of the corresponding battery of each sampling instant and influence coefficient obtain each sampling instant battery in pressure, multiple sampling instants Internal resistance value;It averages to the internal resistance value of multiple sampling instants multiple batteries correspondingly, to obtain the internal resistance of battery.
The estimating system of the internal resistance of cell according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention is corresponded to by computing module according to each sampling instant It is accumulative be filled with electricity obtain this it is accumulative be filled with the influence coefficient that electricity estimates the internal resistance of cell, finally according to charging current, electricity The voltage of each corresponding battery of sampling instant and influence coefficient obtain the interior of battery in the initial voltage in pond, multiple sampling instants Resistance, which can accurately estimate the internal resistance in battery charging process, and estimation precision is high.
It should be noted that the specific implementation mode and the present invention of the estimating system of the internal resistance of cell of the embodiment of the present invention are real The specific implementation mode for applying the evaluation method of the internal resistance of cell of example is similar, to reduce redundancy, is not repeated herein.
Further, the present invention proposes a kind of vehicle, includes the estimation system of the internal resistance of cell of the above embodiment of the present invention System.The vehicle can accurately estimate the internal resistance in battery charging process, and estimation precision is high.
In addition, other compositions of vehicle according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention and effect are for those of ordinary skill in the art For be all known, in order to reduce redundancy, be not repeated herein.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term "center", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom" "inner", "outside", " up time The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as needle ", " counterclockwise ", " axial direction ", " radial direction ", " circumferential direction " be orientation based on ... shown in the drawings or Position relationship is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, and does not indicate or imply the indicated device or element must There must be specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for description purposes only, it is not understood to indicate or imply relative importance Or implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.Define " first " as a result, the feature of " second " can be expressed or Implicitly include at least one this feature.In the description of the present invention, the meaning of " plurality " is at least two, such as two, three It is a etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc. Term shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integral;Can be that machinery connects It connects, can also be electrical connection;It can be directly connected, can also can be indirectly connected through an intermediary in two elements The interaction relationship of the connection in portion or two elements, unless otherwise restricted clearly.For those of ordinary skill in the art For, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific conditions.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, fisrt feature can be with "above" or "below" second feature It is that the first and second features are in direct contact or the first and second features pass through intermediary mediate contact.Moreover, fisrt feature exists Second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature be directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or be merely representative of Fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " lower section " and " below " can be One feature is directly under or diagonally below the second feature, or is merely representative of fisrt feature level height and is less than second feature.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in office It can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or example.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the skill of this field Art personnel can tie the feature of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples It closes and combines.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned Embodiment is changed, changes, replacing and modification.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of evaluation method of the internal resistance of cell, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
Obtain the initial voltage of battery;
Constant-current charge is carried out to the battery under preset temperature;
During carrying out constant-current charge to the battery, it is corresponding described to record each sampling instant in multiple sampling instants The voltage of battery is filled with electricity with accumulative;
The accumulative influence for being filled with electricity and estimating the internal resistance of cell is obtained according to the corresponding accumulative electricity that is filled with of each sampling instant Coefficient, wherein the influence coefficient is to add up to be filled with the corresponding voltage increment of electricity;And
According to the corresponding institute of the first sampling instant in charging current, the initial voltage of the battery and the multiple sampling instant The voltage for stating battery obtains the ohmic internal resistance of the battery, and according to charging current, the initial voltage, described more of the battery The voltage of the corresponding battery of each sampling instant and the influence coefficient obtain the internal resistance of the battery in a sampling instant;
The polarization resistance of battery is obtained according to the ohmic internal resistance of the internal resistance of the battery and the battery.
2. the evaluation method of the internal resistance of cell according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described according to charging current, it is described The voltage of the corresponding battery of each sampling instant and influence system in the initial voltage of battery, the multiple sampling instant Number obtains the internal resistance of the battery, specifically includes:
It is corresponding described according to each sampling instant in charging current, the initial voltage of the battery, the multiple sampling instant The voltage of battery and the influence coefficient obtain the internal resistance value of battery described in each sampling instant;
It averages to the internal resistance value of the multiple sampling instant multiple batteries correspondingly, to obtain in the battery Resistance.
3. the evaluation method of the internal resistance of cell according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that further include:According to the battery Internal resistance analyze the health status SOH of the battery.
4. a kind of estimating system of the internal resistance of cell, which is characterized in that including:
Acquisition module, the initial voltage for obtaining battery;
Charging module, for carrying out constant-current charge to the battery under preset temperature;
Computing module, for during carrying out constant-current charge to the battery, recording and each being sampled in multiple sampling instants The voltage of the moment corresponding battery and it is accumulative be filled with electricity, and accumulative be filled with electricity according to each sampling instant is corresponding and obtain To the accumulative influence coefficient for being filled with electricity and estimating the internal resistance of cell, according to charging current, the battery initial voltage and The voltage of the corresponding battery of the first sampling instant obtains the ohmic internal resistance of the battery in the multiple sampling instant, according to The electricity of each corresponding battery of sampling instant in charging current, the initial voltage of the battery, the multiple sampling instant Pressure and the influence coefficient obtain the internal resistance of the battery, and the internal resistance and the battery according to the battery ohmic internal resistance Obtain the polarization resistance of battery, wherein the influence coefficient is to add up to be filled with the corresponding voltage increment of electricity.
5. the estimating system of the internal resistance of cell according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the computing module is used for:
It is corresponding described according to each sampling instant in charging current, the initial voltage of the battery, the multiple sampling instant The voltage of battery and the influence coefficient obtain the internal resistance value of battery described in each sampling instant;
It averages to the internal resistance value of the multiple sampling instant multiple batteries correspondingly, to obtain in the battery Resistance.
6. a kind of vehicle, which is characterized in that including:The estimating system of the internal resistance of cell described in 4 or 5 is wanted according to right.
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CN106324358B (en) * 2016-08-17 2020-06-16 惠州市蓝微新源技术有限公司 Dynamic detection method for internal resistance of battery cell
CN107462837B (en) * 2017-07-31 2019-07-12 成都雅骏新能源汽车科技股份有限公司 A kind of SOH evaluation method based on monomer voltage statistics
CN109633471A (en) * 2018-12-24 2019-04-16 银隆新能源股份有限公司 Method for determining the state-of-charge and open terminal voltage corresponding relationship of battery
CN116243197B (en) * 2023-05-12 2023-07-21 国民技术股份有限公司 Method and device for predicting SOH of battery

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