CN105203695B - 一种用于焦油中邻、间位甲苯二胺化学分析方法 - Google Patents

一种用于焦油中邻、间位甲苯二胺化学分析方法 Download PDF

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CN105203695B
CN105203695B CN201510649850.9A CN201510649850A CN105203695B CN 105203695 B CN105203695 B CN 105203695B CN 201510649850 A CN201510649850 A CN 201510649850A CN 105203695 B CN105203695 B CN 105203695B
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toluenediamine
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tar
tda
analysis method
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CN105203695A (zh
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白芳
华超
陆平
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Institute of Process Engineering of CAS
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种焦油中的邻、间位甲苯二胺的分析方法。包括薄层色谱分析步骤和气相色谱分析步骤。本发明提供的邻、间位甲苯二胺化学分析方法实现程序简单、准确度高、灵敏性强、耗时少。

Description

一种用于焦油中邻、间位甲苯二胺化学分析方法
技术领域
本发明属于化学分析领域,具体涉及一种用于焦油中邻、间位甲苯二胺化学分析方法。
背景技术
当前,甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)的市场需求量较大,据报道全球的需求量约150万吨/年,预计未来几年内市场对TDI的需求量将增长5%。TDI的工业生产一般采用胺光气化法,主要原料为甲苯二胺(TDA)(尤指间位TDA)和光气。近年来,国内外对TDI的需求猛增,相应地刺激了TDA的生产。目前国内生产的TDA主要由二硝基甲苯(DNT)氢化制得,为粗TDA,包含水、溶剂、间位TDA、同分异构体邻位TDA、焦油等组分。作为废弃物的焦油中仍然含有大量的间位TDA,少量的邻位TDA以及一些高沸物,需要回收利用。由于邻、间位TDA为同分异构体,因此,对于焦油中TDA的回收,亟需对邻、间位TDA进行快速有效地区分。
目前,常用的鉴别TDA焦油的检测方法有:薄层色谱法,气相色谱及质谱联用,液相色谱及质谱联用测定,荧光法测定等。这些检测方法存在专一性不强、检测灵敏度不高、检测准确性不高以及使用范围的局限性等缺点。此外,由于焦油回收物的加工工艺差异性很大,通常是多种无规律无比例的组合,使得其所含化学成分不固定,这给焦油回收鉴别带来了极大的困难。
发明内容
发明目的:为了弥补了采用单一分析技术不能实现对TDA同分异构体鉴别的缺陷,本发明提供一种含量不固定的焦油中的邻、间位甲苯二胺的分析方法,实现程序简单,操作方便,结果快速、准确。
技术方案:为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案为:
1薄层色谱分析,包括如下步骤:
(11)以GF254硅胶板作为薄层色谱的固定相,选择石油醚:丙酮=3:8为展开剂,用碘蒸 气显色。
(12)配制活化板:在110℃烘干60min,置于干燥器中备用。
(13)点板标液的配置:标液(2,4-TDA的乙二醇溶液)每次配置约8g,根据所需浓度(1mg/g,2mg/g,………9mg/g)计算出需要的2,4-TDA质量,用电子天平称相应质量的TDA,加入10ml具塞刻度试管中,根据TDA质量和浓度计算出乙二醇的质量。
2气相色谱分析,包括如下步骤:
(21)进样量:0.2μl;氮气压力:0.05MPa;氢气压力:0.05MPa;空气压力:0.1MPa;进样器:300℃;检测器:280℃;
(22)程序升温:初始柱温150℃,保持2min,以20℃/min速率升温至230℃,保持8min,再以20℃/min速率升温至280℃,再保持20min。
具体实施方式
下面结合实例对本发明作更进一步的说明。
以GF254硅胶板作为薄层色谱的固定相,选择石油醚:丙酮=3:8为展开剂,用碘蒸气显色。配制活化板:在110℃烘干60min,置于干燥器中备用。点板标液的配置:标液(2,4-TDA的乙二醇溶液)每次配置约8g,根据所需浓度(1mg/g,2mg/g,………9mg/g)计算出需要的2,4-TDA质量,用电子天平称相应质量的TDA,加入10ml具塞刻度试管中,根据TDA质量和浓度计算出乙二醇的质量。
气相色谱分析,包括如下步骤:进样量:0.2μl;氮气压力:0.05MPa;氢气压力:0.05MPa;空气压力:0.1MPa;进样器:300℃;检测器:280℃;程序升温:初始柱温150℃,保持2min,以20℃/min速率升温至230℃,保持8min,再以20℃/min速率升温至280℃,再保持20min。
经过气相色谱分离的邻、间位甲苯二胺,再与薄层色谱标准曲线数据比对,最终得出邻、间位甲苯二胺的各自含量。
本发明型专利提出的一种用于焦油中邻、间位甲苯二胺化学分析方法,已通过较佳的实施例子进行了描述,其中未详细述及的部分均为本领域技术人员的公知常识。本发明的保护范围以权利要求的内容为准,所有基于本发明的技术启示或类似的替换和改动,都被视为包括在本发明精神、范围和内容中。

Claims (1)

1.一种焦油中的邻、间位甲苯二胺的分析方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:薄层色谱分析步骤和气相色谱分析步骤;所述的薄层色谱分析,包括如下步骤:以GF254硅胶板作为薄层色谱的固定相,选择石油醚:丙酮=3:8为展开剂,用碘蒸气显色;配制活化板:在110℃烘干60min,置于干燥器中备用;点板标液的配置:标液2,4-甲苯二胺的乙二醇溶液每次配置约8g,根据所需浓度计算出需要的2,4-甲苯二胺质量,用电子天平称相应质量的甲苯二胺,加入10ml具塞刻度试管中,根据甲苯二胺质量和浓度计算出乙二醇的质量;所述的气相色谱分析,包括如下步骤:进样量:0.2μl;氮气压力:0.05MPa;氢气压力:0.05MPa;空气压力:0.1MPa;进样器:300℃;检测器:280℃;程序升温:初始柱温150℃,保持2min,以20℃/min速率升温至230℃,保持8min,再以20℃/min速率升温至280℃,再保持20min。
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