CN105197919B - Carbon granular materials high temperature continuous gas is purified and graphitization electrothermal furnace - Google Patents
Carbon granular materials high temperature continuous gas is purified and graphitization electrothermal furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN105197919B CN105197919B CN201510665173.XA CN201510665173A CN105197919B CN 105197919 B CN105197919 B CN 105197919B CN 201510665173 A CN201510665173 A CN 201510665173A CN 105197919 B CN105197919 B CN 105197919B
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- end electrode
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of purification of carbon granular materials high temperature continuous gas and graphitization electrothermal furnace, it includes upper end electrode and lower end electrode, provided with cooling chamber in upper end electrode in upper end electrode, coolant inlet, upper end electrode is made up of upper end electrode bus incoming end and the upper end electrode insertion end that conducts electricity, lower end electrode is provided with through hole, through hole includes through hole and graphitization material outlet in lower end electrode, lower end electrode cooling chamber is provided with lower end electrode, cooling liquid outlet, insulation board is provided with the top of lower end electrode, material distribution rings, material distribution rings are provided with material charging aperture, material is distributed discharging opening and material distribution cavity, upper end electrode conducts electricity in insertion end insertion lower end electrode in through hole, material resistance heating room is formed between the two；Compared with prior art, product manufacturing of the present invention is simple, energy-efficient, treats graphitization powder to the input of material resistance heating room, is generated heat after energization by its material self-resistance, realize serialization heating and the input and output material of material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to carbon materials graphitization processing field, more particularly to a kind of carbon granular materials high temperature continuous gas
Purification and graphitization electrothermal furnace.
Background technology
Lithium-ion-power cell is the novel high-energy battery succeeded in developing in 20th century.This battery has energy density because of it
High, battery discharge platform is high, electric discharge is steady, and high and low temperature resistance is excellent, automatic discharging is very slow, the advantages of storage life is long,
It is widely used among military and civilian electrical equipment.With the development of science and technology, the battery of all size is produced, has obtained wide
It is applied to the every field such as various electrical equipment, digital electric generally, particularly it is by as 21 century electric automobile, electric tool
One of major impetus power supply, and will be applied in extensive energy storage, power network in terms of flat peak, and artificial satellite, Aero-Space
Deng high-tech and military field extensive use.
Negative material is one of critical material of lithium ion battery, and carbonaceous material is people's early start studies and apply
In the material of negative electrode of lithium ion battery, still receive significant attention so far.Conventional carbon negative pole material mainly has native graphite at present
With artificial into graphite.
There are amorphous graphite and highly crystalline ordered graphitic i.e. two kinds of crystalline flake graphite in native graphite.Native graphite is due to it
Degree of graphitization is high, is particularly suitable for the de-/embedding of lithium ion, because native graphite belongs to raw ore product, is of relatively low cost, always
It is one of emphasis of negative material research and development.Another aspect native graphite contains many dirts, although chemically
Purification can reach at a relatively high purity, but can also produce many problems, and the efficiency of production is not also high.Pass through more than 2800 degree
Superhigh temperature method of purification is simple, and production efficiency is also higher, and but because existing process equipment energy resource consumption is big, production cost is high, together
When be also difficult to obtain uniform and stable hyperthermal environments, constrain the development and application that become more meticulous of native graphite.
Delanium is that easy graphitized carbon is made through more than 3000 degree superhigh temperature graphitization processings, is used as lithium ion battery
The Delanium class material of negative material mainly has carbonaceous mesophase spherules graphite, graphite fibre, and other various graphitized carbons etc..
It is high-graphitized carbonaceous mesophase spherules, abbreviation MCMB that wherein people are the most known.The high-graphitized MCMB of commercialization
With excellent cyclicity, be main negative material used in current long-life small-scale lithium ion cell and electrokinetic cell it
One.Mesophase pitch carbon microspheres as lithium ion battery negative material in use, need carry out 3000 DEG C or so graphitization processings,
This undoubtedly substantially increases the cost of mesophase pitch carbon microspheres, and pole is unfavorable for widely using.Therefore, how modified technique,
Reduce manufacturing cost and improve performance, be the major subjects of current MCMB negative material research.
The either high temperature purification of native graphite, or graphous graphite powder production, all be unable to do without 3000 degree or so and surpass
High temperature production condition.The production of current domestic industry, the most widely used is acheson furnace.This type of furnace is spacious
Open type rectangle furnace binding, is used for graphite electrode production earliest, uses it for producing the carbon negative pole material of lithium battery now, is
Closed with carbon crucible splendid attire, progress is vertical or horizontal side by side, and the filling metallurgical coke electricity around the crucible for filling carbon negative pole material
Resistance material, is powered at the longitudinal direction two ends of body of heater, using the resistance heating of coke resistance material, finally makes to be heated crucible in itself
Resistance heating is produced, the condition for obtaining superhigh temperature is reached, realizes the graphitization of carbon negative pole material in crucible.In the periphery of combustion chamber again
Heat shielding is carried out with heat-insulation and heat-preservation with auxiliary materials such as coke powder, carbon black, silica sand/coke/silicon carbide blends.The defect master of acheson furnace
Have：
1st, acheson furnace is horizontal, unenclosed construction, and heat energy loss is serious, and institute's consuming electric power is by yield unit consumption
16000kwh/t, and product purity is not high；
2nd, body of heater cool time is long, and graphitizing process is needed 2~7 days in electrified regulation, but wants the material in stove naturally cold
But the operation temperature that can come out of the stove is arrived, it is necessary to long period of 2 weeks or so, low production efficiency；Carrying out water spray forces cooling to contract
Short cool time, but the evaporation environmental pollution influence of a large amount of water vapours is big, also easily because infiltration causes the product oxygen in stove
Change；
3rd, the heated inequality of product, central temperature reaches 2600 degree, and (the graphited temperature of top grade graphite cathode powder must reach
3000 degree or so), and the temperature at periphery and two is much lower, causes product degree of graphitization uneven, quality is unstable；
4th, the sulfur dioxide and other foreign gases that the furnace type structure of open type is discharged in temperature-rise period, which can not be collected, to be controlled
Reason, causes environmental pollution；
5th, waste heat can not be recycled in cooling procedure, cause substantial amounts of energy waste；
6th, take on stove manually to operate, labor intensity is big, and working environment is severe；
7th, yield poorly, a set of medium-sized about 4000 tons of stove annual production.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of fabricate simply, using easy to operate, efficient, energy-conservation
Environmental protection, the serialization heating that material can be achieved and input and output material, the carbon granular materials high temperature of recoverable waste heat are continuous
Gas purification and graphitization electrothermal furnace.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem is as follows：
A kind of carbon granular materials high temperature continuous gas purification and graphitization electrothermal furnace, it includes upper end electrode and is located at
Lower end electrode below the upper end electrode, the inside of the upper end electrode is provided with to be filled out with being used for of matching of the upper end electrode
Fill cooling chamber in cooling chamber in the upper end electrode of coolant, the upper end electrode and be provided with the coolant inlet being in communication with the outside, institute
State upper end electrode to be made up of the upper end electrode bus incoming end and upper end electrode that the are connected with each other insertion end that conducts electricity, the upper end electrode
The insertion end that conducts electricity be located at the upper end electrode bus incoming end bottom, the upper end electrode conduct electricity insertion end cross-sectional area from
Up to it is gradually reduced down；
The lower end electrode is provided with the through hole that material is transported to bottom from its top, and the through hole includes interconnecting
Lower end electrode on through hole and graphitization material outlet, the graphitization material outlet is located in the lower end electrode under through hole
Side, the cross-sectional area of through hole is gradually reduced from top to bottom in the lower end electrode, and is conducted electricity insertion end phase with the upper end electrode
Mutually matching, the cross-sectional area of the graphitization material outlet is equal to or less than the cross section of via bottoms in the lower end electrode
Product, the inside of the lower end electrode is provided with the lower end electrode cooling chamber for being used for filling coolant, and the lower end electrode cooling chamber is set
There is cooling chamber in the extraneous cooling liquid outlet of connection, the upper end electrode to be connected with the lower end electrode cooling chamber；
The top of the lower end electrode is provided with the insulation board matched with it, the insulation board and the top of the lower end electrode
Portion is brought into close contact, and the top of the insulation board is provided with the material distribution rings matched with the upper end electrode, the material distribution
The bottom of ring is fitted with the tight of the insulation board, and the inside of the material distribution rings is provided with the material distribution cavity of ring-type,
The outer circumference face of the material distribution rings is provided with the material charging aperture being connected with the material distribution cavity, the material point
Multiple material distribution discharging openings being connected with the material distribution cavity are evenly arranged with the inside circumference face of cloth ring；
The material distribution rings are sleeved on the bottom of the upper end electrode bus incoming end, its inside circumference face with it is described on
The material discharging area of annulus shape is formed between the outer wall of termination electrode, the bottom surrounding of the upper end electrode bus incoming end is set
There are the supporting part that it can be made to be placed on above the material distribution rings, the supporting part and the upper end electrode bus incoming end
It is fixedly connected, its bottom is fitted with the tight of the material distribution rings, the upper end electrode conducts electricity described in insertion end insertion
In lower end electrode in through hole, the material resistance of annulus shape is formed on its outer wall and the lower end electrode between the inwall of through hole
Heating chamber, the material resistance heating room is connected with the material discharging area；
The top of the upper end electrode, the bottom of the lower end electrode are equipped between flange, two flanges and are provided with
The connecting rod matched with them, the upper end electrode, the material distribution rings, the insulation board and the lower end electrode pass through
The flange is fixed together as a composite entity with the connecting rod.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
Product processing of the present invention is simple to manufacture, maintenance cost is low, easy to maintenance, is added by material charging aperture to material resistance
Hot cell input is treated graphited carbon fine grained, inert gas and can existed with the metal impurities compound in carbon fine grained
The purification gas reacted under hot conditions, then to upper end electrode, lower end electrode energization under inert atmosphere protection environment,
Electric current just can be by the carbon fine grained resistance heating of itself, and the increase with electric current over time makes carbon fine grain
Temperature reaches 3000 degree or so, so as to complete graphitization and purification, then flows out material resistance heating from graphitization material outlet
Room, material below is further continued for being filled with material resistance heating room, carries out whole process serialization, and in heating process,
Do not need any external resistor material and graphite crucible to consume electric energy to be heated, it is to avoid coolant in waste of energy, production process
The circulatory system carries out cooling down in upper end electrode and lower end electrode to electrothermal furnace, prevents electrode overheating, the graphitization of discharge
Material is in cooling procedure, and the material that the coolant of electrode can also be allowed to continue to absorb after graphitization discharges in cooling procedure
Heat, the thermal source required for being produced as other equipment, is recycled, energy-efficient, using easy to operate.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention can also do following improvement.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper end electrode being connected electrically is installed in the upper end electrode
The lower end electrode bus fishplate bar being connected electrically is installed in bus fishplate bar, the lower end electrode.
Beneficial effect using above-mentioned preferred scheme is：More facilitate and upper end electrode and lower end electrode are powered.
As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inside of the upper end electrode bus fishplate bar is provided with upper end electrode
Bus cooling chamber, the inside of the lower end electrode bus fishplate bar is provided with cold in lower end electrode bus cooling chamber, the upper end electrode
But room is connected with the upper end electrode bus cooling chamber, and the upper end electrode bus cooling chamber and the lower end electrode bus are cold
But room is connected, and the lower end electrode bus cooling chamber is connected with the lower end electrode cooling chamber.
Beneficial effect using above-mentioned preferred scheme is：To upper and lower end electrode bus bars fishplate bar and it can either be connected thereto
Upper and lower end electrode bus bars cooled, it is to avoid they are too high and impaired because of temperature, and it is more that coolant is absorbed
Waste heat, make coolant be heated after, as other equipment produce required for thermal source, and Erecting and improving cooling circulation
System.
As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper end electrode bus incoming end is by upper end electrode body
And it is arranged on the upper end electrode protuberance composition in the upper end electrode body bottom centre position, the upper end electrode body
Portion is fixedly connected with upper end electrode protuberance, and the cross-sectional area of the upper end electrode protuberance is less than through hole in the lower end electrode
Cross-sectional area, the conduct electricity top of insertion end and the bottom of the upper end electrode protuberance of the upper end electrode is mutually matched and solid
Fixed connection, the material distribution rings are located between the upper end electrode body and the insulation board, and are sleeved on described
Outside upper end electrode protuberance, formed between the outer wall of the inside circumference face of the material distribution rings and the upper end electrode protuberance
The material discharging area of annulus shape, the upper end electrode body is placed on the top of the material distribution rings, and its bottom
Fitted with the tight of the material distribution rings.
Beneficial effect using above-mentioned preferred scheme is：Using upper end electrode body as on upper end electrode bus incoming end
Supporting part use, upper end electrode is pressed in material distribution rings, by material distribution rings jack-up without falling so that upper end electrode
Gap, i.e. material resistance heating room, processing system can be formed in the lower end electrode of the insertion end that conducts electricity and lower end electrode between through hole
Make simple.
As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, be provided with the upper end electrode body with its match it is upper
The outer cooling chamber of termination electrode, the outer cooling chamber of the upper end electrode is annular in shape, and is centered around the surrounding of cooling chamber in the upper end electrode.
Beneficial effect using above-mentioned preferred scheme is：Auxiliary temperature-reducing can either be carried out to upper end electrode, it is to avoid it is because of temperature
Spend high and be damaged, and make it that coolant is heated up, then by absorbing the cooling residual heat of graphitization exported product, make cooling
Liquid turns into the thermal source of other equipment, is recycled, system waste heat has obtained sufficient recycling, and cooling recirculation system is more
Add kind, more systematization.
It is used as another preferred embodiment of the present invention, bottom and the upper end of the upper end electrode bus incoming end
Electrode, which conducts electricity, to be mutually matched at the top of insertion end and is fixedly connected, and the supporting part is is sleeved on the upper end electrode bus access
The outer coolant jacket of upper end electrode of bottom is held, the outer coolant jacket of the upper end electrode is annular in shape.
Beneficial effect using above-mentioned preferred scheme is：The supporting part of ring-type is pressed in material distribution rings, can be more preferable
Make upper end electrode bus incoming end by material distribution rings jack-up without falling, upper end electrode is conducted electricity insertion end and lower end electrode
Lower end electrode on gap, i.e. material resistance heating room can be formed between through hole, assemble simpler, detachable maintaining is more square
Just.
As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inside of the outer coolant jacket of the upper end electrode, which is provided with, to be used to fill
Cooling chamber is connected with the outer cooling chamber of the upper end electrode in the outer cooling chamber of the upper end electrode of coolant, the upper end electrode, institute
The outer cooling chamber of upper end electrode is stated with the lower end electrode cooling chamber to be connected.
Beneficial effect using above-mentioned preferred scheme is：Auxiliary temperature-reducing can either be carried out to upper end electrode, it is to avoid it is because of temperature
Spend high and be damaged, and so that coolant circulation system is more perfect, more systematization.
It is provided with as another preferred embodiment of the present invention, at the coolant inlet and stretches to the upper end electrode
The coolant inlet pipe of interior cooling chamber bottom.
Beneficial effect using above-mentioned preferred scheme is：Coolant is delivered directly to cooling chamber bottom in upper end electrode,
Coolant can be made to realize the cooling effect of upper end electrode more preferably, faster, liquid is also complied with and flowed from low-temperature space to high-temperature region
Dynamic rule.
As the present invention another preferred embodiment, the upper end electrode conduct electricity insertion end outer wall surface be provided with one
The inner wall surface of through hole is provided with one layer of dismountable lower end in the dismountable upper end electrode graphite protective sleeve of layer, the lower end electrode
Electrode graphite protective case.
Beneficial effect using above-mentioned preferred scheme is：Graphite protective sleeve can protect upper end electrode, lower end electricity well
Pole, it is to avoid two end electrodes are damaged, graphite protective sleeve is made up of the graphite of high-purity, and corrosion-and high-temp-resistant is hardly damaged, in time hair
It is raw to damage, it is only necessary to graphite protective sleeve is disassembled and is repaired, changed, you can electrothermal furnace is continued normal operation, significantly
Extend the service life of upper and lower end electrode, convenient maintenance is cost-effective.
As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material distribution rings include height identical inner ring and outer
Ring, the inside circumference face of the outer shroud is provided with annular groove, and the outer circumference face of the inner ring is justified with the inner side of the outer shroud
Side face is brought into close contact, and the material distribution cavity is the sky formed between the outer circumference face of the inner ring and the annular groove
Between, the material charging aperture is located on the outer shroud, and all material distribution discharging openings are evenly distributed on the circle of the inner ring
On side face, the material distribution cavity is cut from one end close to the material charging aperture to one end away from the material charging aperture
Area is gradually reduced.
Beneficial effect using above-mentioned preferred scheme is：Carbon fine grained is packed into material distribution rings from material charging aperture
Annular groove in, and from the top of material distribution rings inside circumference face material distribution outlets outflow so that material can be uniform
Into material discharging area, this material distribution rings are not only very easy to use, and fabricate simpler.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of bowing of cooling chamber integral structure inside and outside product upper end electrode of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is side cross-sectional view of the product of the present invention along A-A directions in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 faces upward cross-sectional view for product of the present invention in Fig. 2 along B-B directions；
Fig. 4 faces upward cross-sectional view for product of the present invention in Fig. 2 along C-C directions；
Fig. 5 faces upward cross-sectional view for product of the present invention in Fig. 2 along D-D directions；
Fig. 6 is product of the present invention provided with the side cross-sectional view outside upper end electrode during coolant jacket；
Fig. 7 faces upward cross-sectional view for product of the present invention in Fig. 6 along B-B directions；
Fig. 8 faces upward cross-sectional view for product of the present invention in Fig. 6 along C-C directions；
Fig. 9 faces upward cross-sectional view for product of the present invention in Fig. 6 along D-D directions；
Figure 10 is side cross-sectional view when product of the present invention does not set cooling chamber outside upper end electrode；
In accompanying drawing, the list of parts representated by each label is as follows：
1st, upper end electrode, 2, cooling chamber in upper end electrode, 3, coolant inlet, 4, upper end electrode bus cooling chamber, 5, on
Termination electrode bus fishplate bar, 6, the outer cooling chamber of upper end electrode, 7, material distribution rings, 8, material charging aperture, 9, lower end electrode, 10, absolutely
Listrium, 11, upper end electrode graphite protective sleeve, 12, lower end electrode graphite protective sleeve, 13, material resistance heating room, 14, lower end electricity
Pole bus fishplate bar, 15, lower end electrode bus cooling chamber, 16, lower end electrode cooling chamber, 17, graphitization material outlet, 18, cooling
Liquid is exported.
Embodiment
The principle and feature of the present invention are described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, and
It is non-to be used to limit the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
As Figure 6-9, a kind of carbon granular materials high temperature continuous gas purification and graphitization electrothermal furnace, it includes upper end
Electrode 1 and the lower end electrode 9 positioned at the lower section of upper end electrode 1, the upper end electrode 1 take overall graphite column to be added
Work, be internally provided with the upper end electrode match be used for fill cooling chamber 2 in the upper end electrode of coolant, the upper end
In electrode cooling chamber 2 be provided with the coolant inlet 3 that is in communication with the outside, the upper end electrode shape of cooling chamber 2 with it is described on
The shape of termination electrode 1 is mutually matched, provided with stretching into the cold of the bottom of cooling chamber 2 in the upper end electrode at the coolant inlet 3
But liquid input pipe, the upper end electrode 1 is conducted electricity insertion end group by integrally formed upper end electrode bus incoming end and upper end electrode
Into the upper end electrode conducts electricity insertion end positioned at the bottom of the upper end electrode bus incoming end, and the upper end electrode conducts electricity slotting
It is in round table-like to enter end, and its cross-sectional area is gradually reduced from top to bottom；
The lower end electrode 9 is provided with the through hole that material is transported to bottom from its top, and the through hole includes mutually being connected
Through hole and graphitization material outlet 17 in logical lower end electrode, the graphitization material outlet 17 are located in the lower end electrode and led to
The cross-sectional area of through hole is gradually reduced from top to bottom in the lower section in hole, the lower end electrode, and it is slotting to conduct electricity with the upper end electrode
Enter end to be mutually matched, the cross-sectional area of the graphitization material outlet 17 is equal to or less than via bottoms in the lower end electrode
Cross-sectional area, the inside of the lower end electrode 9 is provided with the lower end electrode cooling chamber 16 for being used for filling coolant, the lower end electrode
Cooling chamber 16 is communicated with the cooling liquid outlet 18 in the external world；
The top of the lower end electrode 9 is provided with the insulation board 10 matched with it, the insulation board 10 and lower end electricity
The tight laminating of pole 9, the top of the insulation board 10 is provided with the material distribution rings 7 matched with the upper end electrode 1, institute
The bottom for stating material distribution rings 7 is fitted with the tight of the insulation board 10, and the inside of the material distribution rings 7 is provided with ring-type
Material distribution cavity, the outer circumference faces of the material distribution rings 7 is provided with the material being connected with the material distribution cavity and entered
Multiple materials being connected with the material distribution cavity are evenly arranged with material mouth 8, the inside circumference face of the material distribution rings 7
Discharging opening is distributed, the material distribution rings 7 directly can internally set the material distribution cavity of ring-type, can also be by highly identical
Inner ring and outer rings composition, the inside circumference face of the outer shroud is provided with annular groove, the outer circumference face of the inner ring and institute
The inside circumference face for stating outer shroud is brought into close contact, outer circumference face and the annular groove of the material distribution cavity for the inner ring
Between the space that is formed, the material charging aperture 8 is located on the outer shroud, and all materials distribution discharging openings are evenly distributed on
On the periphery of the inner ring, the material distribution cavity enters from one end close to the material charging aperture 8 to away from the material
One end of material mouth 8, sectional area is gradually reduced, and such material distribution rings be both easily worked manufacture, facilitated carbon granular materials again
Uniform distribution is carried out in flowing；
The material distribution rings 7 are sleeved on the bottom of the upper end electrode bus incoming end, its inside circumference face with it is described
The material discharging area of annulus shape, the bottom four of the upper end electrode bus incoming end are formed between the outer wall of upper end electrode 1
Week, the supporting part was electric to be sleeved on the upper end provided with the supporting part that it can be made to be placed on the top of material distribution rings 7
The outer coolant jacket of the upper end electrode of pole bus incoming end bottom, the outer coolant jacket of the upper end electrode is annular in shape, and itself and the upper end are electric
Pole bus incoming end is fixedly connected, and its bottom is fitted with the tight of the material distribution rings 7, in order that cold outside upper end electrode
But more preferably support upper end electrode is covered, upper end electrode bus incoming end is located at the sectional area of that section above the outer coolant jacket of upper end electrode
The endoporus area of the outer coolant jacket of upper end electrode can be more than；
The outer coolant jacket of the upper end electrode and lower end electrode can take modular to process, with required for solving overall processing
Graphite material specification deficiency, this type of furnace is suitable for manufacturing large-scale continuous graphitization electrothermal furnace；
The bottom of the upper end electrode bus incoming end and the upper end electrode conduct electricity be mutually matched at the top of insertion end and
It is fixedly connected, the upper end electrode insertion end that conducts electricity is inserted in the lower end electrode in through hole, its outer wall and the lower end electrode
Form the material resistance heating room 13 of annulus shape between the inwall of upper through hole, the upper end electrode conducts electricity the outer wall of insertion end
The inner wall surface that surface is provided with through hole in one layer of dismountable upper end electrode graphite protective sleeve 11, the lower end electrode is provided with one layer
Dismountable lower end electrode graphite protective sleeve 12, the material resistance heating room 13 is connected with the material discharging area；
It is provided with the upper end electrode bus fishplate bar 5 being connected electrically, the lower end electrode 9 and pacifies in the upper end electrode 1
Equipped with the lower end electrode bus fishplate bar 14 being connected electrically, the inside of the upper end electrode bus fishplate bar 5 is female provided with upper end electrode
Line cooling chamber 4, the inside of the lower end electrode bus fishplate bar 14 is provided with outside lower end electrode bus cooling chamber 15, the upper end electrode
The inside of coolant jacket be provided with the outer cooling chamber 6 of the upper end electrode for being used for filling coolant, the upper end electrode cooling chamber 2 with it is described
The outer cooling chamber 6 of upper end electrode is connected, and the outer cooling chamber 6 of the upper end electrode is connected with the upper end electrode bus cooling chamber 4,
The upper end electrode bus cooling chamber 4 is connected with the lower end electrode bus cooling chamber 15, the lower end electrode bus cooling
Room 15 is connected with the lower end electrode cooling chamber 16；
Top, the bottom of the lower end electrode 9 of the upper end electrode 1 are equipped between flange, two flanges and set
There is the connecting rod matched with them, there is insulating materials to be separated by between connecting rod and flange, keep at upper end electrode and lower end electrode
In state of insulation, the upper end electrode 1, the material distribution rings 7, the insulation board 10 and the lower end electrode 9 are by described
Flange is fixed together as a composite entity with the connecting rod.
Embodiment 2
As Figure 1-5, a kind of carbon granular materials high temperature continuous gas purification and graphitization electrothermal furnace, its structure and reality
Apply that example 1 is similar, difference is, the upper end electrode bus incoming end is by upper end electrode body and is arranged on described
The upper end electrode protuberance composition in termination electrode body bottom centre position, the upper end electrode body protrudes with upper end electrode
Portion is integrally formed, and the conduct electricity top of insertion end and the bottom of the upper end electrode protuberance of the upper end electrode is mutually matched and one
Body formed, the material distribution rings 7 are located between the upper end electrode body and the insulation board 10, and are sleeved on institute
State outside upper end electrode protuberance, between the outer wall of the inside circumference face of the material distribution rings 7 and the upper end electrode protuberance
The material discharging area of annulus shape is formed, the upper end electrode body is placed on the top of the material distribution rings 7, and its
Bottom is fitted with the tight of the material distribution rings 7, and the upper end electrode body is the supporting part, without special
The outer coolant jacket of upper end electrode is set, and provided with cooling chamber 6 outside the upper end electrode matched with it in the upper end electrode body,
The outer cooling chamber 6 of the upper end electrode is annular in shape, and is centered around the surrounding of cooling chamber in the upper end electrode.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 10, a kind of carbon granular materials high temperature continuous gas purification and graphitization electrothermal furnace, its structure and reality
Apply that example 2 is similar, difference is, it both without the outer coolant jacket of upper end electrode is specially set, was also not provided with outside upper end electrode
Cooling chamber 6, lower end electrode uses cylindrical graphite material overall processing, and this type of furnace is suitable for the continuous graphitization of small-sized production capacity
Stove.
Upper end electrode 1, lower end electrode 9 are made of an electrically conducting material in product of the present invention, preferably with graphite material, are preferably set
It is calculated as cylindric, material distribution rings are prepared using high-carbon or graphite material, insulation board is using the preparation of resistant to elevated temperatures insulating materials, most
It is good to use ceramics, and upper end electrode graphite protective sleeve 11, lower end electrode graphite protective sleeve 12 then use high purity graphite material system
It is standby, so fabricate that furnace construction is simple, material source enriches, can high temperature resistant, using easy to operate, material can be realized continuously
Change and heat and input and output material, supporting other relevant devices, it is possible to achieve continuous production, whole system can carry out closure,
Prevent material dust from spreading and being mixed into external impurity, the heat that material discharges in cooling procedure can also heat recovery.
Upper end electrode bus fishplate bar and lower end electrode bus fishplate bar use the copper product of well conducting in product of the present invention
Prepare, be designed as the cyclic structure being combined into by two arc strips, so they just can closely be sleeved on upper end electricity respectively
The circumference of pole and lower end electrode and fixation, while realizing electrical connection.
The course of work of product of the present invention is as follows：
1st, raw material is inputted
Raw material (carbon fine particle materials, such as coke powder) sends into material distribution rings 7 by material charging aperture 8.
2nd, graphitization is heated
When raw material flows to material resistance heating room 13 after being uniformly distributed, lead between lower end electrode 9 and upper end electrode 1
Enter powerful electric current, the resistance of raw material in itself progressively rapid heating from top to down under heavy current effect, until required for graphitization
3000 degree or so of high temperature.
3rd, high temperature discharge
Raw material reaches a high temperature when passing through material resistance heating room 13, realizes graphite transition, then goes out from graphitization material
Mouth 17 is flowed out, and the waste heat recovery tank into downstream is cooled down, while the heat of release improves the initial temperature fed to raw material preheating
Degree, reduces power consumption.It can also continue to heat to the coolant of stove simultaneously, reach after predetermined temperature to miscellaneous equipment as heat
Source.
4th, electrode radiating heat conduction
With conduction oil as coolant, system circulation cooling is carried out, prevents electrode overheating from aoxidize surface；It is also prevented from
Bus is overheated, electric energy loss when influence is powered.External cold oil is sent into by coolant inlet 3 by heat conduction oil circulating pump
Cooling chamber 2 in upper end electrode, enter back into the outer cooling chamber 6 of upper end electrode, a part of heat are taken away inside upper end electrode 1, out
Enter upper end electrode bus cooling chamber 4 later, subsequently into lower end electrode bus cooling chamber 15, cooled down subsequently into lower end electrode
Room 16, finally flows out from cooling liquid outlet 18, continues to heat in the waste heat recovery pipe in downstream, thermal source is used as to miscellaneous equipment.
5th, electrode protection material
In order to prevent electrode erosion to be difficult to change, the high purity graphite with better quality is taken as electrode protecting layer, on
Termination electrode graphite protective sleeve 11 and lower end electrode graphite protective sleeve 12 are both the conductor that electrode is contacted with material, also can be in stove work
Electrode is shielded during work.When being contacted in high-temperature region with material, graphite can slowly distil more than 2800 degree, so
High purity graphite protective case in use can slowly scaling loss, it is necessary to regularly replace.
6th, protective gas
Under the high temperature conditions, carbon can react with oxygen, in order to prevent electrode and protective layer from occurring oxidation, it is necessary in stove
The atmosphere of anaerobic is formed, therefore, while raw material is inputted, argon gas is introduced to material charging aperture 8, protection is played in the entire system
Effect, prevents that electrode graphite material and processed product are in oxidation at high temperatures in the stove of the present invention, and argon gas is because at high temperature
Do not reacted with carbon, pernicious gas will not be produced.If selection nitrogen, will react generation nitrogen with carbon at high temperature
Change carbon toxic gas, people is caused harm.
7th, gas purification
, can be when material be inputted, while introducing purification to material charging aperture 8 in order to obtain purer graphite products
Metal impurities compound in gas, with material is reacted under the high temperature conditions, during Flow of Goods and Materials, and temperature is slowly to heat up
, in suitable temperature range, the gas of metal impurities compound and purification reacts and vaporized, and reaches and removes impurity
Purpose.
What product of the present invention can be brought has the beneficial effect that：
1st, energy-conservation is realized
In heating process, electric current directly passes through coke powder resistance heating, it is not necessary to any additional resistance material and graphite earthenware
Crucible heating consumption electric energy.Processing one ton of product in theory needs power consumption 3700kwh, is calculated by the thermal efficiency 50%, with the present invention's
Equipment and technique, one ton of product power consumption is in 8000kwh or so, compared with present power consumption 160000kwh/t, saves energy half
More than.
2nd, environmental protection is realized
Whole heating process is run under closed environment, and the waste gas of generation is by downstream processes, without waste sludge discharge, greatly
Improve the graphited working environment of carbon particle fine powder greatly.
3rd, production efficiency is improved
A set of medium size installations of this product, produce graphitization negative electrode powder per year up to more than 10000 tons/year, and existing a set of
The yield of acheson furnace only has 4000 tons/year or so, it is seen that this product production efficiency is high, production capacity can be improved twice with
On.
4th, realize that whole-course automation is operated
Whole process at utmost reduces the labor intensity of workman without any artificial operation.
5th, use manpower and material resources sparingly
Whole system operation only needs to two or three people and can completed, and is fallen by Fourth Shift three, total number of persons also in 15 people or so, and
Existing graphitization workshop is, it is necessary to which 50-100 people's work, can save cost of labor more than 70%.Whole production process need not appoint
The complementary raw materials such as what other graphite crucibles, resistance material, insulation material, further save production cost.
6th, land use area is saved
The medium size installations floor space of this product only needs to 400 square metres or so, compared with existing system, Economization on land
More than 90%.
7th, waste heat is fully recycled
The heat that product cooling discharges in production process, can be reclaimed for raw material preheating and heating conduction oil, heating
Conduction oil can be used for the thermal source of other process units, and existing stove is impossible to realize heat recovery.
8th, maintenance cost is low, easy to maintenance.
The consumable accessory of whole system is exactly the high purity graphite protective case of two end electrodes, and this is the ablation rapid wear of whole system
Accessory, as long as periodic replacement, just energy holding meanss are normally run.
9th, construction investment is largely saved
Present acheson furnace whole system investment needs more than one hundred million members, and makes an investment in 1000 with the system Construction of this product
More than a set of ten thousand tons of graphitization production system, nearly ten times of investment reduction can be just built up within ten thousand.
10th, electricity consumption general power is significantly reduced
The existing whole electric power system of present acheson furnace, transformer that is dynamic then needing 1.5 ten thousand kilovolt-amperes, with this production
The system of product, due to material bed only several centimetres, resistance is very low in stove, can be with as long as secondary supply voltage more than 20 volt is just much of that
Installed capacity is equipped with according to production capacity, the typically power supply unit at 500-5000 kilovolt-amperes is just enough.
Product of the present invention solves energy-saving and environmental protection in long-standing problem lithium battery carbon negative pole material graphitization process, continuous
The significant problems such as production, automation mechanized operation, reduction production cost, are the revolutions of lithium battery Carbon anode powder graphitization process
Technological progress, to reduce new energy lithium battery production cost have great significance, for promote human development new energy lithium
Battery will play an important role, and the industry to whole lithium battery carbon negative pole material produces active influence.
Product of the present invention is applicable not only to lithium battery carbon negative pole material graphitization process, and other carbon granular materials are needed
High-temperature gas is purified and graphited industrialized production is equally applicable, and the carbon granular materials for being less than 1mm for particle diameter enters
Row high-temperature gas is purified and graphitization technique, the best results of product of the present invention.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of carbon granular materials high temperature continuous gas purification and graphitization electrothermal furnace, it is characterised in that it includes upper end electricity
Pole (1) and the lower end electrode (9) below the upper end electrode (1), the inside of the upper end electrode (1) be provided with it is described
What upper end electrode matched sets for filling cooling chamber (2) in cooling chamber in the upper end electrode of coolant (2), the upper end electrode
There is a coolant inlet (3) being in communication with the outside, the upper end electrode (1) is by the upper end electrode bus incoming end that is connected with each other and upper
Termination electrode conduct electricity insertion end composition, the upper end electrode conduct electricity insertion end be located at the upper end electrode bus incoming end bottom,
The conduct electricity cross-sectional area of insertion end of the upper end electrode is gradually reduced from top to bottom；
The lower end electrode (9) is provided with the through hole that material is transported to bottom from its top, and the through hole includes interconnecting
Lower end electrode on through hole and graphitization material outlet (17), the graphitization material outlet (17) be located at the lower end electrode on
The cross-sectional area of through hole is gradually reduced from top to bottom in the lower section of through hole, the lower end electrode, and is conducted electricity with the upper end electrode
Insertion end is mutually matched, the upper end electrode conduct electricity insertion end outer wall surface provided with one layer of dismountable upper end electrode graphite guarantor
The inner wall surface of through hole is provided with one layer of dismountable lower end electrode graphite protective sleeve (12) in sheath (11), the lower end electrode；
The cross-sectional area of the graphitization material outlet (17) is equal to or less than the cross-sectional area of via bottoms in the lower end electrode, institute
The inside for stating lower end electrode (9) is provided with the lower end electrode cooling chamber (16) for being used for filling coolant, the lower end electrode cooling chamber
(16) cooling chamber (2) and the lower end electrode cooling chamber in the cooling liquid outlet (18) in the external world, the upper end electrode are communicated with
(16) it is connected；
The top of the lower end electrode (9) is provided with the insulation board (10) matched with it, the insulation board (10) and the lower end
The tight laminating of electrode (9), the top of the insulation board (10) is provided with the material point matched with the upper end electrode (1)
Cloth ring (7), the bottom of the material distribution rings (7) is fitted with the tight of the insulation board (10), the material distribution rings
(7) inside is provided with the material distribution cavity of ring-type, and the outer circumference face of the material distribution rings (7) is provided with and the material point
Be evenly arranged with the material charging aperture (8) that cloth chamber is connected, the inside circumference face of the material distribution rings (7) it is multiple with it is described
The material distribution discharging opening that material distribution cavity is connected；
The material distribution rings (7) are sleeved on the bottom of the upper end electrode bus incoming end, its inside circumference face with it is described on
The material discharging area of annulus shape, the bottom four of the upper end electrode bus incoming end are formed between the outer wall of termination electrode (1)
Week, the supporting part was female with the upper end electrode provided with that can make the supporting part that it is placed on above the material distribution rings (7)
Line incoming end is fixedly connected, and its bottom is fitted with the tight of the material distribution rings (7), and the upper end electrode conducts electricity insertion
In the end insertion lower end electrode in through hole, annulus shape is formed on its outer wall and the lower end electrode between the inwall of through hole
Material resistance heating room (13), the material resistance heating room (13) is connected with the material discharging area；
Top, the bottom of the lower end electrode (9) of the upper end electrode (1) are equipped between flange, two flanges and set
There is a connecting rod matched with them, the upper end electrode (1), the material distribution rings (7), the insulation board (10) and described
Lower end electrode (9) is fixed together to form a composite entity by the flange and the connecting rod.
2. carbon granular materials high temperature continuous gas purification according to claim 1 and graphitization electrothermal furnace, its feature exist
In, be provided with the upper end electrode (1) on the upper end electrode bus fishplate bar (5) being connected electrically, the lower end electrode (9) pacify
Equipped with the lower end electrode bus fishplate bar (14) being connected electrically.
3. carbon granular materials high temperature continuous gas purification according to claim 2 and graphitization electrothermal furnace, its feature exist
In the inside of the upper end electrode bus fishplate bar (5) is provided with upper end electrode bus cooling chamber (4), and the lower end electrode bus connects
The inside of plate (14) is provided with cooling chamber (2) and the upper end electrode in lower end electrode bus cooling chamber (15), the upper end electrode
Bus cooling chamber (4) is connected, and the upper end electrode bus cooling chamber (4) is connected with the lower end electrode bus cooling chamber (15)
Logical, the lower end electrode bus cooling chamber (15) is connected with the lower end electrode cooling chamber (16).
4. carbon granular materials high temperature continuous gas purification according to claim 1 and graphitization electrothermal furnace, its feature exist
In the upper end electrode bus incoming end is by upper end electrode body and is arranged in the middle of the upper end electrode body bottom
The upper end electrode protuberance composition of position, the upper end electrode body is fixedly connected with upper end electrode protuberance, the upper end
The cross-sectional area of electrode projections is less than the cross-sectional area of through hole in the lower end electrode, and the upper end electrode conducts electricity insertion end
Top is mutually matched and is fixedly connected with the bottom of the upper end electrode protuberance, and the material distribution rings (7) are located on described
Between termination electrode body and the insulation board (10), and it is sleeved on outside the upper end electrode protuberance, the material distribution rings
(7) the material discharging area of annulus shape is formed between inside circumference face and the outer wall of the upper end electrode protuberance, it is described
Upper end electrode body is placed on the top of the material distribution rings (7), and its bottom and the top of the material distribution rings (7)
It is brought into close contact.
5. carbon granular materials high temperature continuous gas purification according to claim 4 and graphitization electrothermal furnace, its feature exist
In, provided with cooling chamber (6) outside the upper end electrode matched with it in the upper end electrode body, cooling outside the upper end electrode
Room (6) annularly, and is centered around the surrounding of cooling chamber in the upper end electrode.
6. carbon granular materials high temperature continuous gas purification according to claim 1 and graphitization electrothermal furnace, its feature exist
It is mutually matched and fixed connects at the top of the insertion end that conducted electricity in the bottom of, the upper end electrode bus incoming end with the upper end electrode
Connect, the supporting part is the outer coolant jacket of upper end electrode for being sleeved on the upper end electrode bus incoming end bottom, the upper end electricity
Extremely outer coolant jacket is annular in shape.
7. carbon granular materials high temperature continuous gas purification according to claim 6 and graphitization electrothermal furnace, its feature exist
In the inside of the outer coolant jacket of the upper end electrode is provided with the outer cooling chamber (6) of the upper end electrode for being used for filling coolant, the upper end
The outer cooling chamber (6) of cooling chamber (2) and the upper end electrode is connected in electrode, the outer cooling chamber (6) of the upper end electrode with it is described
Lower end electrode cooling chamber (16) is connected.
8. carbon granular materials high temperature continuous gas purification according to claim 1 and graphitization electrothermal furnace, its feature exist
In coolant inlet (3) place is provided with the coolant inlet pipe for stretching to cooling chamber (2) bottom in the upper end electrode.
9. the purification of carbon granular materials high temperature continuous gas and graphitization electric heating according to any one of claim 1-8
Stove, it is characterised in that the material distribution rings (7) include height identical inner ring and outer rings, the inside circumference face of the outer shroud
Annular groove is provided with, the outer circumference face of the inner ring is brought into close contact with the inside circumference face of the outer shroud, the material point
Cloth chamber is the space formed between the outer circumference face of the inner ring and the annular groove, and the material charging aperture (8) is located at
On the outer shroud, all material distribution discharging openings are evenly distributed on the periphery of the inner ring, the material distribution cavity
From one end close to the material charging aperture (8) to one end away from the material charging aperture (8), sectional area is gradually reduced.
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| CN114100184A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-03-01 | 上海氢田新材料科技有限公司 | Catalyst removing device for high-temperature-resistant material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN201647998U (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2010-11-24 | 黎应和 | Vertical, high-temperature and continuous graphitizing furnace and cooling system thereof |
| CN102557019A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-07-11 | 黑龙江科技学院 | Method and device for producing high-purity natural graphite |
| CN204342442U (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-05-20 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of high temperature graphitization electricity forge furnace |
| CN205023860U (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2016-02-10 | 赵金文 | Continuous gas purification of carbon element granular material high temperature and graphitization electric heater |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201647998U (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2010-11-24 | 黎应和 | Vertical, high-temperature and continuous graphitizing furnace and cooling system thereof |
| CN102557019A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-07-11 | 黑龙江科技学院 | Method and device for producing high-purity natural graphite |
| CN204342442U (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-05-20 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of high temperature graphitization electricity forge furnace |
| CN205023860U (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2016-02-10 | 赵金文 | Continuous gas purification of carbon element granular material high temperature and graphitization electric heater |
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