CN105192878A - Method for fermenting cigar filling leaves - Google Patents
Method for fermenting cigar filling leaves Download PDFInfo
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- CN105192878A CN105192878A CN201510689556.0A CN201510689556A CN105192878A CN 105192878 A CN105192878 A CN 105192878A CN 201510689556 A CN201510689556 A CN 201510689556A CN 105192878 A CN105192878 A CN 105192878A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for fermenting cigar filling leaves. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: controlling the water content of the cigar filling leaves which are subjected to impurity removal and modulation to be 30+/-2%, and tidying the cigar filling leaves into cigar leaf bundles of which the leaf tips are towards the same direction; stacking the cigar leaf bundles to form a rectangular cigar leaf stack; covering a layer of hessian cloth on the surface of the cigar leaf stack to be used as an air permeable heat-insulating layer; inserting temperature measuring probes into the cigar leaf stack; overturning the stack when the stack filling temperature measured by any temperature measuring probe reaches the alarm upper limit temperature or is in the trend of reducing; after the fermentation is finished, airing the cigar leaves, reducing the moisture of the cigar filling leaves to be 20+/-2%, and packaging for storage. According to the method, the appearance, the absorbed smell and the quality consistency of the cigar filling leaves can be obviously improved, the content of a harmful ingredient NNK in raw materials can be reduced, and the industrial availability of the cigar leaves can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cigar technical field, be specifically related to a kind of cigar core leaf heap fermentation method.
Background technology
The cigar core leaf heap fermentation technology in current domestic cigar tobacco producing region continues to use traditional pure manual, empirical formula zymotechnique substantially.Technical process is comparatively simply extensive, be substantially also in touch moisture content, see color, the pattern of smelling, sensible temperature, process quality control ability is more weak.Between finished product cigar core leaf batch, batch in quality fluctuation comparatively large, directly cause cigar core leaf commercial Application difficulty large, narrow range, of low grade.Although Song Shixu, Yang Jun, Xia Li etc. disclose in a kind of cigar tobacco heap fermentation method and make certain improvements to traditional cigar core leaf zymotechnique in the patent of publication No. CN104000303A, but this technique still has many parts to be modified, to improve cigar tobacco quality scale, between improving batch with batch in the uniformity of quality of tobacco, reduce NNK content, promote the industrial applicability of cigar core leaf.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the weak point for avoiding existing for above-mentioned prior art, a kind of fermentation process of cigar core leaf is provided, to outward appearance, the suction taste of cigar tobacco significantly can be promoted, and its quality conformance, reduce the content of raw material harmful components NNK, improve the industrial applicability of tobacco leaf.
The present invention is that technical solution problem adopts following technical scheme:
The feature of the fermentation process of cigar core leaf of the present invention is carried out as follows:
Step 1, will remove impurity the water content control of modulated cigar core leaf 30 ± 2%, and be organized into blade tip towards unidirectional tobacco leaf handle, the weight of every tobacco leaf handle is 0.4-0.7kg;
Step 2, described tobacco leaf is formed rectangle tobacco leaf heap accumulation;
Step 3, the surface uniform piled at described tobacco leaf cover one deck piece of sack as breathable insulation layer; Inserting a temperature probe along on tobacco leaf heap length direction every the reactor core position of a segment distance, utilizing temperature probe with each core temperature of time interval real time record of setting, and upper alarm threshold temperature is set;
This turning is carried out immediately when the core temperature that arbitrary temperature probe records reaches upper alarm threshold temperature;
When the equal end of the core temperature that all temperature probes record reaches upper alarm threshold temperature, once the core temperature that arbitrary temperature probe P records is in declining, and carry out this turning immediately when the maximum temperature that temperature probe P has recorded in this stage have dropped 0.5 DEG C; Described stage refers to the time period between this turning and last turning;
Described tobacco leaf is piled, amounts to turning five times to eight times, in front four turnings operation, if the water content of cigar core leaf is lower than 26%, then adopt the mode humidification of spraying, make the water content of cigar core leaf revert to 30 ± 2%; The water content of cigar core leaf is no longer controlled from the 5th turning; Cigar core leaf corrupt in tobacco leaf heap is removed in time, in order to avoid enlargement loss in each turning process;
From the 5th turning, after each turning, if the difference of the maximum temperature of the core temperature having arbitrary temperature probe to examine in this stage and environment temperature is less than 3 DEG C and terminates immediately to ferment, airing tobacco leaf is reduced to 20 ± 2% i.e. packaging and warehousing making the moisture content of cigar core leaf.
The feature of the fermentation process of cigar core leaf of the present invention is also: described turning refers to: to be turned down and interior principle of turning up operates more than the position in cigarette heap by tobacco leaf, in turning by tobacco leaf code heap again after shaking loose.
The feature of the fermentation process of cigar core leaf of the present invention is also: described cigar core leaf is categorized as upper leaf, middle leaf and inferior leads by different growth site, described tobacco leaf heap piles up with of a sort cigar core leaf to be formed, and inhomogeneous cigar core leaf is deposited in different tobacco leaf heaps;
For upper leaf, the upper alarm threshold temperature arranging tobacco leaf heap is 55-65 DEG C;
For middle leaf, the upper alarm threshold temperature arranging tobacco leaf heap is 50-60 DEG C;
For inferior leads, the upper alarm threshold temperature arranging tobacco leaf heap is 45-55 DEG C.
The feature of the fermentation process of cigar core leaf of the present invention is also: in described step 2, rectangle tobacco leaf heap is stack shaping as follows: be positioned at the peripheral tobacco leaf of tobacco leaf heap labour contractor outwardly, blade tip inwardly, adjacent tobacco leaf between overlappingly successively to press mutually; The tobacco leaf being positioned at tobacco leaf heap middle part laminates tiling, does not interspace between tobacco leaf handle, and the height of described tobacco leaf heap is 1.0-1.5 rice, and width 1.0-2.5 rice, length is not less than 1 meter.
The feature of the fermentation process of cigar core leaf of the present invention is also: inserting a temperature probe along on tobacco leaf heap length direction every the reactor core position of 2.0-3.0 rice in described step 3, described temperature probe was with each core temperature of time interval real time record of 5-20 minute.
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
1, the dominant fermentation process of heap fermentation method of the present invention is all carry out in the moisture content situation of near constant, and to remain between modulation period tobacco leaf cells endoenzyme in the activity of tobacco leaf surface microorganism, not only can accelerate the speed of fermenting, also reduce the infection of miscellaneous bacteria, continue the conversion impelling cigar tobacco composition, be conducive to the inside and outside raising in quality of tobacco leaf, significantly reduce the content of nuisance NNK in cigar core leaf simultaneously compared to traditional zymotic technique, significantly improve the industrial applicability of cigar core leaf.
2, the present invention monitors the change of cigarette stack temperature in real time further by moisture recorder and sends audible and visual alarm when needed, improves the quality control capability of sweat.Select the turning when core temperature declines to avoid growing of reactor core anaerobic bacteria, form anaerobic fermentation generation " stink " and pollute tobacco leaf, reduce the fragrance class of tobacco leaf.
Detailed description of the invention
In the present embodiment, the fermentation of cigar core leaf carries out as follows:
Step 1, will remove impurity the water content control of modulated cigar core leaf 30 ± 2%, and be organized into blade tip towards unidirectional tobacco leaf handle, the weight of every tobacco leaf handle is 0.4-0.7kg; In this process, the control of water content is the activity in order to keep enzyme in tobacco leaf and surface microorganism, to continue the quality comparison process between modulation period when follow-up heap fermentation.
Step 2, tobacco leaf is formed rectangle tobacco leaf heap carrying out as follows piling up: be positioned at the peripheral tobacco leaf of tobacco leaf heap labour contractor outwardly, blade tip inwardly, adjacent tobacco leaf between overlappingly successively to press mutually; The tobacco leaf being positioned at tobacco leaf heap middle part laminates tiling, does not interspace between tobacco leaf handle, and the height of tobacco leaf heap is 1.0-1.5 rice, width 1.0-2.5 rice, and length is not less than 1 meter; This stacked form is conducive to the uniformity of the insulation in cigar tobacco fermentation process and progress of fermenting.
Step 3, the surface uniform piled at described tobacco leaf cover one deck piece of sack as breathable insulation layer; Inserting a temperature probe along on tobacco leaf heap length direction every the reactor core position of 2.0-3.0 rice, utilizing temperature probe with each core temperature of time interval real time record of 5-20 minute, and upper alarm threshold temperature is set.
When the core temperature that arbitrary temperature probe records reaches upper alarm threshold temperature, moisture recorder will send audible and visual alarm automatically, and operating personnel carry out this turning immediately.
When the equal end of the core temperature that all temperature probes record reaches upper alarm threshold temperature, once the core temperature that arbitrary temperature probe P records is in declining, and carry out this turning immediately when the maximum temperature that temperature probe P has recorded in this stage have dropped 0.5 DEG C; This stage refers to the time period between this turning and last turning, and timely turning is for preventing reactor core anoxic from growing anaerobic bacteria and destroying quality of tobacco.
Described tobacco leaf is piled, amounts to turning five times to eight times, in front four turnings operation, if the water content of cigar core leaf is lower than 26%, then adopt the mode humidification of spraying, make the water content of cigar core leaf revert to 30 ± 2%; The water content of cigar core leaf is no longer controlled from the 5th turning; Cigar core leaf corrupt in tobacco leaf heap is removed in time, in order to avoid enlargement loss in each turning process.
From the 5th turning, after each turning, if the difference of the maximum temperature of the core temperature having arbitrary temperature probe to examine in this stage and environment temperature is less than 3 DEG C and terminates immediately to ferment, airing tobacco leaf is reduced to 20 ± 2% i.e. packaging and warehousing making the moisture content of cigar core leaf.The water content of 20 ± 2% is in order to cigar tobacco continues sweat follow-up depositing in process, accelerates tobacco mellowing, avoids moldy metamorphism in storage process.
Turning in the present embodiment refers to: to be turned down and interior principle of turning up operates more than the position in cigarette heap by tobacco leaf, after being shaken loose by tobacco leaf handle in turning, code is piled again, to promote oxygen content in heap, be beneficial to lifting course of fermentation, avoid because of anoxic that to cause tobacco leaf to become sour rotten.
Cigar core leaf is categorized as upper leaf, middle leaf and inferior leads by different growth site, and described tobacco leaf heap piles up with of a sort cigar core leaf to be formed, and inhomogeneous cigar core leaf is deposited in different tobacco leaf heaps, and namely inhomogeneous tobacco leaf is piled up in heaps respectively.
For upper leaf, the upper alarm threshold temperature arranging tobacco leaf heap is 55-65 DEG C.
For middle leaf, the upper alarm threshold temperature arranging tobacco leaf heap is 50-60 DEG C.
For inferior leads, the upper alarm threshold temperature arranging tobacco leaf heap is 45-55 DEG C.
Adopt the inventive method to complete heap fermentation to cigar tobacco, effectively can reduce tobacco leaf strength, excitant and assorted gas, promote tabacco fragrance class and outward appearance and industrial applicability, and then promote the economic worth of cigar core leaf.
Claims (5)
1. a fermentation process for cigar core leaf, is characterized in that carrying out as follows:
Step 1, will remove impurity the water content control of modulated cigar core leaf 30 ± 2%, and be organized into blade tip towards unidirectional tobacco leaf handle, the weight of every tobacco leaf handle is 0.4-0.7kg;
Step 2, described tobacco leaf is formed rectangle tobacco leaf heap accumulation;
Step 3, the surface uniform piled at described tobacco leaf cover one deck piece of sack as breathable insulation layer; Inserting a temperature probe along on tobacco leaf heap length direction every the reactor core position of a segment distance, utilizing temperature probe with each core temperature of time interval real time record of setting, and upper alarm threshold temperature is set;
This turning is carried out immediately when the core temperature that arbitrary temperature probe records reaches upper alarm threshold temperature;
When the equal end of the core temperature that all temperature probes record reaches upper alarm threshold temperature, once the core temperature that arbitrary temperature probe P records is in declining, and carry out this turning immediately when the maximum temperature that temperature probe P has recorded in this stage have dropped 0.5 DEG C; Described stage refers to the time period between this turning and last turning;
Described tobacco leaf is piled, amounts to turning five times to eight times, in front four turnings operation, if the water content of cigar core leaf is lower than 26%, then adopt the mode humidification of spraying, make the water content of cigar core leaf revert to 30 ± 2%; The water content of cigar core leaf is no longer controlled from the 5th turning; Cigar core leaf corrupt in tobacco leaf heap is removed in time, in order to avoid enlargement loss in each turning process;
From the 5th turning, after each turning, if the difference of the maximum temperature of the core temperature having arbitrary temperature probe to examine in this stage and environment temperature is less than 3 DEG C and terminates immediately to ferment, airing tobacco leaf is reduced to 20 ± 2% i.e. packaging and warehousing making the moisture content of cigar core leaf.
2. the fermentation process of cigar core leaf according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described turning refers to: to be turned down and interior principle of turning up operates more than the position in cigarette heap by tobacco leaf, in turning by tobacco leaf code heap again after shaking loose.
3. the fermentation process of cigar core leaf according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described cigar core leaf is categorized as upper leaf, middle leaf and inferior leads by different growth site, and described tobacco leaf heap piles up with of a sort cigar core leaf to be formed, and inhomogeneous cigar core leaf is deposited in different tobacco leaf heaps;
For upper leaf, the upper alarm threshold temperature arranging tobacco leaf heap is 55-65 DEG C;
For middle leaf, the upper alarm threshold temperature arranging tobacco leaf heap is 50-60 DEG C;
For inferior leads, the upper alarm threshold temperature arranging tobacco leaf heap is 45-55 DEG C.
4. the fermentation process of cigar core leaf according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 2, rectangle tobacco leaf heap is stack shaping as follows: be positioned at the peripheral tobacco leaf of tobacco leaf heap labour contractor outwardly, blade tip inwardly, adjacent tobacco leaf between overlappingly successively to press mutually; The tobacco leaf being positioned at tobacco leaf heap middle part laminates tiling, does not interspace between tobacco leaf handle, and the height of described tobacco leaf heap is 1.0-1.5 rice, and width 1.0-2.5 rice, length is not less than 1 meter.
5. the fermentation process of cigar core leaf according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: inserting a temperature probe along on tobacco leaf heap length direction every the reactor core position of 2.0-3.0 rice in described step 3, described temperature probe was with each core temperature of time interval real time record of 5-20 minute.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106509962A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-22 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Sun-cured yellow tobacco leaf seal-yellowing technology and adjusting processing method |
| CN108464524A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-31 | 四川中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of production method of dark color cigar coat |
| CN108669615A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-10-19 | 四川省烟草公司德阳市公司 | One kind dividing eggplant clothing tobacco leaf temperature and humidity control fermentation process |
| CN108903046A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-30 | 四川省烟草公司德阳市公司 | A kind of eggplant clothing tobacco leaf sizing tote cart and its application method |
| CN110679994A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-01-14 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Cigar core tobacco leaf classified fermentation method |
| CN110679986A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-01-14 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for improving quality of next-low-grade tobacco leaves |
| CN110693075A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2020-01-17 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Four-stage fermentation method of cigar core tobacco leaves |
| CN113796564A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-17 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Industrial fermentation method for improving quality of cigar core tobacco leaves |
| CN114403495A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-29 | 湖北省烟草公司宜昌市公司 | Modular fermentation method for cigar core tobacco leaves |
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| CN104856210A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-08-26 | 山东烟叶复烤有限公司诸城复烤厂 | Method for shortening fermentation time of upper first baking tobaccos |
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| RU2059375C1 (en) * | 1992-02-04 | 1996-05-10 | Сергей Иванович Каменский | Method for tobacco fermentation |
| CN101972039A (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2011-02-16 | 安徽中烟工业公司 | Pasted fur tobacco rapid fermenting process |
| CN104000303A (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2014-08-27 | 川渝中烟工业有限责任公司 | Cigar tobacco stacking fermentation method |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106509962A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-22 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Sun-cured yellow tobacco leaf seal-yellowing technology and adjusting processing method |
| CN106509962B (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-03-16 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | A kind of Sun cured tobacco tobacco leaf seals yellow technique and modulation processing method |
| CN108464524A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-31 | 四川中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of production method of dark color cigar coat |
| CN108669615A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-10-19 | 四川省烟草公司德阳市公司 | One kind dividing eggplant clothing tobacco leaf temperature and humidity control fermentation process |
| CN108903046A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-30 | 四川省烟草公司德阳市公司 | A kind of eggplant clothing tobacco leaf sizing tote cart and its application method |
| CN110693075A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2020-01-17 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Four-stage fermentation method of cigar core tobacco leaves |
| CN110693075B (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2021-10-08 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Four-stage fermentation method of cigar core tobacco leaves |
| CN110679986A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-01-14 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for improving quality of next-low-grade tobacco leaves |
| CN110679994A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-01-14 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Cigar core tobacco leaf classified fermentation method |
| CN110679994B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2021-10-01 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Cigar core tobacco leaf classified fermentation method |
| CN113796564A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-17 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Industrial fermentation method for improving quality of cigar core tobacco leaves |
| CN114403495A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-29 | 湖北省烟草公司宜昌市公司 | Modular fermentation method for cigar core tobacco leaves |
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