CN105187107B - The method and apparatus for sending uplink signal using multiple antennas - Google Patents
The method and apparatus for sending uplink signal using multiple antennas Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
- H04B7/0486—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting taking channel rank into account
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0426—Power distribution
- H04B7/0434—Power distribution using multiple eigenmodes
- H04B7/0447—Power distribution using multiple eigenmodes utilizing uniform distribution
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03891—Spatial equalizers
- H04L25/03898—Spatial equalizers codebook-based design
- H04L25/0391—Spatial equalizers codebook-based design construction details of matrices
- H04L25/03923—Spatial equalizers codebook-based design construction details of matrices according to the rank
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2614—Peak power aspects
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2614—Peak power aspects
- H04L27/2615—Reduction thereof using coding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
- H04L27/2627—Modulators
- H04L27/2634—Inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators in combination with other circuits for modulation
- H04L27/2636—Inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators in combination with other circuits for modulation with FFT or DFT modulators, e.g. standard single-carrier frequency-division multiple access [SC-FDMA] transmitter or DFT spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing [DFT-SOFDM]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03891—Spatial equalizers
- H04L25/03898—Spatial equalizers codebook-based design
- H04L25/03929—Spatial equalizers codebook-based design with layer mapping, e.g. codeword-to layer design
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method and apparatus sending uplink signal using multiple antennas, are related to a kind of method and apparatus that permission UE sends uplink signal using MIMO scheme.In order to keep good peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) or cubic measure (CM) performance when UE sends uplink signal using MIMO scheme, UE uses pre-coding scheme in the transmission of specific order based on pre-coding matrix, and the pre-coding matrix is established in such a way that a layer is sent to each antenna.
Description
The application be on 2 11st, 2011 international filing dates submitted be August in 2009 11 days application No. is
200980131273.7 (PCT/KR2009/004468's), it is entitled " side of uplink signal to be sent using multiple antennas
The divisional application of method and device " patent application.
Technical field
The present invention relates to mobile radio systems, more particularly to the communication system based on multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) scheme
System.
Background technology
MIMO technology is the abbreviation of MIMO technique.MIMO technology is using multiple transmission (Tx) antennas and multiple connects
(Rx) antenna is received to improve the efficiency for sending and receiving (Tx/Rx) of data.In other words, MIMO technology allows wireless communication system
The transmitting terminal or receiving terminal of system use mutiple antennas (hereinafter referred to as multiple antennas) so that can improve capacity or performance.In order to just
In description, term " MIMO " may be considered as multi-antenna technology.
In more detail, MIMO technology receives single general messages independent of single antenna path.As an alternative, MIMO
Technology collects the multiple data slots received via mutiple antennas, merges collected data slot, and complete conceptual data.
As a result, MIMO technology can increase rate of data signalling in the cell area of predefined size, or it can ensure specific data
Increase system covering while transfer rate.In this case, MIMO technology can be widely applied to mobile communication terminal, turn
Send out device (repeater) etc..MIMO technology can be with the range of extended data communication so that can overcome having for mobile communication system
Transmission (Tx) data volume of limit.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram for showing general MIMO communication system.
With reference to figure 1, the quantity of transmission (Tx) antenna in transmitter is NT, and reception (Rx) antenna in receiver
Quantity is NR.In this way, the paper channel of the MIMO communication system when transmitter and receiver use mutiple antennas transmits and holds
Amount is more than the paper channel transmission capacity in another case that only transmitter or receiver use mutiple antennas.MIMO communication systems
The paper channel transmission capacity of system and the quantity of antenna proportionally increase.It is thus possible to greatly increase rate of data signalling and frequency
Rate efficiency.Assuming that the maximum data transfer rate obtained when using individual antenna is arranged to Ro, obtained when using mutiple antennas
Rate of data signalling can theoretically increase predetermined amount, the predetermined amount and be multiplied by growth rate R1Maximum data transfer rate
(Ro) corresponding.Growth rate (R1) can be indicated by following equation 1.
[equation 1]
R1=min (NT, NR)
For example, it is assumed that mimo system sends (Tx) antenna and four reception (Rx) antennas using four, then mimo system is managed
By can above obtain four times of very high rate of data signalling higher than a single aerial system.Mimo system is demonstrated in middle nineteen nineties
Above-mentioned theory capacity increase after, many developers start to can be increased using theoretical capacity come fully increase data transmission
The multiple technologies of rate are furtherd investigate.Some in the above technology are reflected in various wireless communication standard, for example, the third generation
Mobile communication or next generation wireless lan etc..
Above-mentioned MIMO technology can be divided into space diversity scheme (also known as sending diversity scheme) and spatial multiplex scheme.It is empty
Between diversity scheme increase transmission reliability using the symbol by a variety of channel paths.Spatial multiplex scheme is via multiple transmissions
(Tx) antenna sends multiple data symbols simultaneously so that increases the transfer rate of data.In addition, also developed space diversity side recently
The combination of case and spatial multiplexing scheme, suitably to obtain the peculiar advantage of two schemes.
About MIMO technology, many companies or developer intensively have studied a variety of MIMO the relevant technologies, for example, to
The research for calculating relevant information theory under a variety of channel circumstances or multiple access access environment with MIMO message capacities, to mimo system
The research of radio frequency (RF) channel measurement and modeling, and when to sky for increasing transmission reliability and rate of data signalling at signal
The research of reason technology.
In third generation partner program long term evolution (3GPP LTE) system, above-mentioned MIMO scheme is only applied to
The downlink signal transmissions of 3GPP LTE systems.MIMO technology can also be applied to uplink signal transmissions.In this case,
Transmitter structure is altered to realize MIMO technology so that peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) or cubic measure (cubic metric)
(CM) feature may be degraded.Accordingly it is desirable to which MIMO scheme can be effectively applicable to the new skill of uplink signal transmission
Art.
Invention content
To which the present invention relates to the method and apparatus for sending uplink signal via mutiple antennas, disappear substantially
In addition to due to the relevant technologies limitation and disadvantage caused by one or more problems.
It is an object of the present invention to provide the technologies for efficiently performing uplink signal transmission according to MIMO scheme.
Other advantages, target and the feature of the present invention will be illustrated partly in the following description, and for this field
It for technical staff, is described below and will be apparent partially by research, or can know from the practice of the present invention.This
The target of invention and other advantages can be by the structures that are particularly pointed out in the description and claims and attached drawing write
To realize and obtain.
In order to realize these targets and other advantages, purpose according to the present invention, as described in embodying herein and be wide in range,
For making user equipment (UE) include via the method that mutiple antennas sends uplink signal：Uplink signal is mapped to
The layer of predetermined quantity；Each of layer signal to predetermined quantity executes Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and spreads；By from advance
Specific pre-coding matrix is selected to carry out precoding, the specific pre-coding matrix to the layer signal that DFT is spread in the code book of storage
It is to be established in a manner of each that a layer signal is sent in mutiple antennas；And the signal of precoding is executed
The predetermined process of (SC-FDMA) symbol is accessed for constructing he Single Carrier-Frequency Division multiple access；And will treated signal via multiple
Antenna is sent to base station (BS).
Specific pre-coding matrix can be in a manner of there is uniform transmission power between mutiple antennas and that establishes prelist
Code matrix.Specific pre-coding matrix can be established pre- in a manner of having uniform transmission power between the layer of predetermined quantity
Encoder matrix.
The code book may include first kind pre-coding matrix, wherein first kind pre-coding matrix can be configured asForm, as 2 pre-coding matrix of order utilized when the quantity of mutiple antennas is 4 and order is arranged to 2, and
And it can meet condition2 pre-coding matrix of order can be into one
Step includes the pre-coding matrix generated when the position change of each row of first kind pre-coding matrix.
2 pre-coding matrix of order may further include：WithThe Second Type pre-coding matrix of form configuration, with
And withThe third type pre-coding matrix of form configuration, wherein each row of pre-coding matrix can correspond respectively to multiple
Four antennas in antenna, and respectively row can correspond respectively to layer.
2 pre-coding matrix of order may further include the position change when institute respectively arranged when first kind pre-coding matrix
The pre-coding matrix of generation.
The code book may include first kind pre-coding matrix, wherein first kind pre-coding matrix (is used as working as multiple days
The quantity of line is 4 and order is arranged to 3 pre-coding matrix of the order utilized when 3) it is configured asForm, and
And meet condition3 pre-coding matrix of order can be wrapped further
Include the pre-coding matrix generated when the position change of each row of first kind pre-coding matrix.3 pre-coding matrix of order can
To further comprise the pre-coding matrix generated when the position change of first kind pre-coding matrix respectively arranged.That is, code book
May include being configured to that first layer is alternatively mapped to the first and second antennas and respectively reflecting second and third layer
Be incident upon the pre-coding matrix of the third and fourth antenna, as when antenna amount be 4 and order be in the case of 3 it is used pre-
Encoder matrix.
When the quantity of antenna is 4, order is 3, and when the quantity of code word is 2, and a code word is mapped to single layer, and
Another code word is mapped to two layers.Pre-coding matrix may be configured so that total transmission power can not from the point of view of layer
Together, to implement uniform transmission power between mutiple antennas.In this case, prelisting with larger effective transmission power
Code rectangular array is mapped to the layer for being individually mapped to single code word.To, forThe pre-coding matrix row of form
In the case of, first row is mapped to the layer for being individually mapped to single code word, and second and third row be mapped to be mapped to it is another
The layer of one code word.
The code book may include the pre-coding matrix for the different number of each order.
Each uplink signal can be inputted as unit of code word, and uplink signal is to the layer of predetermined quantity
The layer for mapping to certain code word periodically can be changed into another layer by mapping step.A periodic example can be
1 SC-FDMA symbol.
In another aspect of the invention, include via the user equipment (UE) of mutiple antennas transmission uplink signal：
Mutiple antennas, for sending and receiving signal；Memory, for storing the code book with pre-coding matrix, the pre-coding matrix
It is to be established in such a way that a layer signal is sent to mutiple antennas；And processor, it is connected to mutiple antennas and storage
Device, to handle uplink signal transmission.The processor includes：Layer mapper, for mapping to and spy uplink signal
Determine the layer of the corresponding predetermined quantity of order；Discrete Fourier transform (DFT) module, for each in the layer signal of predetermined quantity
A execution DFT spread spectrums；Precoder, for by selected from code book stored in memory specific pre-coding matrix come pair
Precoding is carried out from each in the layer signal after the DFT spread spectrums that DFT block receives, which is with one
Layer signal is sent to the mode of each in mutiple antennas and establishes；And sending module, for precoded signal
The predetermined process for accessing (SC-FDMA) symbol for constructing he Single Carrier-Frequency Division multiple access is executed, and will be handled via mutiple antennas
Signal afterwards is sent to base station (BS).
In this case, which can store code book.The processor can be with the precoding with precoder not
Same mode or line replacement and/or column permutation by pre-coding matrix turn to execute antenna conversion (shift) and/or layer
It changes.
It is appreciated that the above-mentioned general description of the present invention and it is described in detail below be schematic and explanatory, and purport
Being explained further for the advocated present invention is being provided.
Description of the drawings
It is included to provide further understanding and be combined and constitute the attached drawing of the application part and showing for the present invention
The embodiment of the present invention, and be used to explain the principle of the present invention together with specification, in the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for showing general MIMO communication system.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 shows the general structure of the transmitter based on MIMO technology.
Fig. 4 is the method shown for carrying out precoding to every layer of information and sending precoding information via antenna
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram for showing general SC-FDMA schemes.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram for showing the method for code word to be mapped to multiple layers.
Fig. 7 is to show to execute DFT to every layer later for the mapping (that is, code word-layer mapping) in execution code word to layer, with
Prevent the schematic diagram of the increased method of CM values for each antenna.
Fig. 8 is to show that the position for the row or column to pre-coding matrix executes the schematic diagram of the method for displacement.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram for showing chordal distance (chordal distance).
Figure 10 is the block diagram for showing general base station (BS) and general user's equipment (UE).
Figure 11 and Figure 12 shows for the SC-FDMA schemes of transmission uplink signal in 3GPP LTE systems and is used for
The OFDMA schemes of down link signal are sent in 3GPP LTE systems.
Figure 13 is shown for making base station (BS) send down link signal using MIMO scheme in 3GPP LTE systems
Processor block diagram.
Figure 14 is the processor for showing UE according to an embodiment of the invention.
Specific implementation mode
Now will to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the accompanying drawings shown in example make a detailed reference.As far as possible
In the case of, the same reference numbers used in attached drawing indicate same or similar part.
It is intended to disclose the exemplary embodiments of the present invention below with reference to the detailed description that attached drawing provides, rather than showing can root
The only embodiment realized according to the present invention.Described in detail below includes specific detail, to provide the thorough understanding of the present invention.So
And it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that can also be realized in the case of no this specific detail
The present invention.Being described below for specific term is concentrated on for example, giving, but the invention is not restricted to this and any other term
It may be used to indicate identical meaning.Moreover, in the case that as far as possible, same reference numbers are used to indicate in the accompanying drawings
Same or similar part.
Peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is the parameter for the feature for indicating waveform.PAPR is the peak amplitude divided by waveform when waveform
Time average root-mean-square (RMS) value when the particular value that obtains.PAPR is dimensionless (dimensionless) value.In general, single carry
The PAPR of wave signal is better than multi-carrier signal.
The MIMO technology using he Single Carrier-Frequency Division multiple access access (SC-FDMA) may be implemented in LTE-Advanced schemes, with
Keep good CM performances.Include that the signal of information corresponding with multiple layers is multiplexed simultaneously when using general precoding
And sent via individual antenna so that the signal sent via the antenna is considered a kind of multi-carrier signal.PAPR with
Dynamic range that the power amplifier of transmitter must be supported is related, and CM values are can be used as substitute for PAPR another
One value.
Fig. 2 shows the general structures of the transmitter based on MIMO technology.
In fig. 2, one or more code words are mapped to multiple layers.In this case, map information passes through precoding
Processing is mapped to each physical antenna, and is then sent via each physical antenna.
Fig. 3 is the detailed diagram for showing the transmitter shown in Fig. 2 based on MIMO.
Term " code word " indicates that the position cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is affixed to data information and then by specific coding side
Method encodes.There are a variety of coding methods, for example, Turbo code, tail-biting convolutional code (tail biting convolution code)
Deng.Each code word is mapped to one or more layers (that is, one or more virtual levels), and the sum etc. for the layer being mapped
In rank value.In other words, if it is 3 to send order, the sum for sending layer is also set to 3.To map to every layer of information into
Row precoding.In this case, it maps to every layer of data information (here, physical layer is mapped to by precoding processing
Term " layer " indicates actual layer, as long as it specifies physical layer).Information is sent to each day via each physical layer
Line.In the case of specified explain is not shown in figure 3, execute precoding in a frequency domain, and OFDM information transmission schemes by with
In the information for mapping to physical layer.The information for mapping to physical layer is mapped to specific frequency domain, and then carries out IFFT processing.
Later, cyclic prefix (CP) is affixed to IFFT results.Hereafter, information is sent to each via radio frequency (RF) chain (chain)
Antenna.
Precoding processing can be executed by matrix multiplication.In each matrix, line number is equal to the quantity of physical layer
(that is, quantity of antenna), and columns is equal to rank value.Rank value is equal to the number of plies so that columns is equal to the number of plies.With reference to following equation 2,
The information for mapping to layer (that is, virtual level) is x1And x2, each element p of (4 × 2) matrixijIt is the weight for precoding.y1、
y2、y3And y4It is to map to the information of physical layer, and each OFDM transmission scheme is used to be sent via each antenna.
[equation 2]
In the following description, virtual level will hereinafter be referred to as layer, as long as this use is not caused confusion.For will be empty
The operation that quasi- layer signal maps to physical layer will hereinafter be referred to as operation for layer to be mapped directly to antenna.
Method for precoding can be broadly divided into two methods, that is, broadband precoding method and subband method for precoding.
Broadband precoding method is as follows.It is identical pre- when executing precoding in a frequency domain according to broadband precoding method
Encoder matrix is applied to all information for being sent to frequency domain.
Fig. 4 is the method shown for carrying out precoding to every layer of information and sending precoding information via antenna
Schematic diagram.
With reference to figure 4, it can be appreciated that information corresponding with multiple layers is pre-coded, while by the son according to each frequency domain
Carrier wave and classify, and precoding information by via each antenna send.For all precodings in broadband precoding method
Matrix " P " is equal to each other.
Subband method for precoding is provided by the extension of broadband precoding method.Subband method for precoding prelists a variety of
Code matrix application is to each subcarrier, without identical pre-coding matrix is applied to all subcarriers.In other words, according to son
Band method for precoding, uses pre-coding matrix " P ", in its remaining sub-carriers other than specific subcarrier in specific subcarrier
It is middle to use another pre-coding matrix " M ".Here, the difference of the element value of pre-coding matrix " P " and another pre-coding matrix " M ".
Compared with downlink signal transmissions, uplink signal transmission is to PAPR or CM performance rdativery sensitives.By PAPR
Or the increase of the filter cost caused by the raising of CM performances, more serious ask may be generated in user equipment (UE)
Topic.To which SC-FDMA schemes are used for uplink signal transmission.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram for showing general SC-FDMA schemes.
As shown in figure 5, OFDM schemes and SC-FDMA schemes are considered mutually the same, this is because they all will string
Row signal is converted to parallel signal, and parallel signal is mapped to subcarrier, IDFT or IFFT processing is executed to mapping signal,
Signal through IDFT or IFFT processing is converted into serial signal, cyclic prefix (CP) is attached to obtained serial signal,
And send CP composite signals via radio frequency (RF) module.However, compared with OFDM schemes, SC-FDMA schemes are by parallel signal
Serial signal is converted to, and DFT spread spectrums are executed to serial signal so that reduces the shadow of next IDFT or IFFT processing
It rings, and individual signals feature is maintained at higher than predetermined grade.
Meanwhile the reason of CM values reduce when MIMO scheme is applied to uplink signal transmission, is as follows.If each
The multiple single-carrier signals for all having good CM characteristics are overlapped simultaneously, then overlapped signal may have very poor CM characteristics.
Therefore, if SC-FDMA systems use the single-carrier signal or a single-carrier signal of minimum number on single physical antenna
Multiple layers of output information is multiplexed, then can generate the transmission signal with good CM.
To code word-layer mapping processing before the information sent is carried out precoding, can be executed.Due to SC-FDMA
Scheme is normally used for a transmission mode (1Tx), so the number of plies is 1.However, if SC-FDMA schemes support MIMO scheme,
Then the number of plies is plural number, and the code word being made of single transmission block can be mapped to multiple layers.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram for showing to map to code word multiple layers of method.
With reference to figure 6, if executing code word-layer mapping, CM values after executing for the DFT processing of SC-FDMA schemes
It may increase.That is, due to before entering IFFT modules, the output signal of DFT block is handled by other, that is, due to DFT block
Output signal is divided into two layers, so CM values may increase.
Fig. 7 is shown after executing mapping (that is, code word-layer mapping) of the code word to layer to every layer of execution DFT, to prevent
The schematic diagram of the increased method of CM values of each antenna.
Therefore, it if the quantity of DFT block is changed, while by according to being classified based on the number of plies of rank value, then can keep
Low CM values.That is, the output signal of DFT block is directly input into IFFT block, and without other processing, so that low CM can be kept
Value.In the case of actual implementation, multiple layers can share single DFT block.
If by the way that MIMO scheme is applied to uplink signal transmission, multiple layer signals are sent via individual antenna,
Then PAPR or CM performances may deteriorate.In order to overcome the above problem, following embodiment of the invention that description prelists for being based on
Code matrix carrys out the method for design codebooks, in this way, only sending a layer signal via individual antenna.
For ease of description and the present invention is more fully understood, in Transmission system, it is assumed that be sent to one group of pre-encoded blocks
Signal is arranged to " x ", and the signal of one group of precoding is arranged to " y ".In this case, if pre-coding matrix is
" P ", then obtain following equation 3.
[equation 3]
Y=Px
In equation 3, the dimension of " P " is NT×NL, the dimension of " x " is NL× 1, the dimension of " y " is NT×1.In this feelings
Under condition, NTIt is the quantity of antenna, and NLIt is the number of plies.
In the following description, it will design be applied to described in (I) chapter first and use MIMO by what UE was carried out
The principle of the code book of the uplink signal transmission of scheme, and the then long form of the code book described in (II) chapter.
I. the principle of codebook design
<2Tx code books>
A variety of realities of the structure of included pre-coding matrix in the code book that basis explained below uses under 2Tx patterns
Apply example.
Include according to the method for the embodiment of the present invention：By the way that codebook mapping is generated multiple streams to multiple layers；And it is right
The stream generated carries out precoding, the stream after precoding is mapped to mutiple antennas, and the result of mapping is sent via antenna.
In this case, code book can be according to following configuration.The pre-coding matrix that is used in order 1 and what is used in order 2 prelist
Code matrix will describe in different ways.
1 pre-coding matrix of 2Tx- orders
In the case of 2Tx- orders 1, equation 3 can be rewritten as following equation 4 according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention.
[equation 4]
In general, if it is assumed that using broadband precoding scheme, then according to 1 pre-coding scheme of order, specific constant value is multiplied by often
PAPR the and CM values of the signal of layer, the signal sent via each antenna under 2Tx patterns are equal under 1Tx patterns.Therefore,
When using broadband precoding, PAPR and CM are not influenced by the value of 1 pre-coding matrix of 2Tx- orders.
Precoding is for changing channel to obtain the influence of the structure between the signal transmitted via each channel
The method of (constructive effect).Therefore, improve the sending performance of each signal.Therefore, it indicates shown in equation 4
" a " of the first element of pre-coding matrix P is arranged to " 1 ", and the second element " b " of pre-coding matrix P can be set
For arbitrary value.Signal via the transmission of each antenna has equal-wattage so that all power being included in each antenna are put
Big device can be used to the maximum extent.For this purpose, above-mentioned second element " b " can be have absolute value be 1 plural number.It changes
Sentence is talked about, and P shown in equation 4 can be byIt indicates.
In the presence of the limitation of the quantity to pre-coding matrix included in the code book for precoding, this is because transmitting terminal
And receiving terminal must transmit the information about predetermined pre-coding matrix with code book and between transmitting terminal and receiving terminal.Cause
This, transmitting terminal and receiving terminal must use the pre-coding matrix of limited quantity.For the operation, have for 1 absolute value and
Corresponding to any of+0 ° ,+45 ° ,+90 ° ,+135 ° ,+180 °, -135 °, -90 ° and -45 ° of phase plural number can by with
Make each element of pre-coding matrix.That is, in above-mentioned expression formulaIn, θ can be by table
Show.In other words, P can be byIt indicates.
2 pre-coding matrix of 2Tx- orders
In the case of 2Tx- orders 2, equation 3 can be rewritten as following equation 5.
[equation 5]
In equation 5, via the signal y of each antenna transmissionkBy multiple input signal xiCombination constitute so that CM
Value can increase.
In this case, if p12And p21Each of be arranged to zero " 0 ", or if p11And p22In it is every
It is a to be all set to " 0 ", then it can only be sent via each antenna there are one signal.Therefore, if it is assumed that signal xiCM values
It is considered fine, then the CM values of precoded signal also become fine.About Fig. 7, in the case where code word is mapped to each layer,
DFT spread spectrum applications are mapped into each layer of signal to obtained, and executing allows each antenna only to send a layer letter
Number precoding processing, can obtain and execute IDFT that DFT processing is carried out or IFFT with one and handle identical effect, and
PAPR or CM characteristics can be maintained at kilter.It will explain its detailed description in the following description below.
In this case, if p12And p21Each of be arranged to zero " 0 ", then multiplication by constants complex values it
Afterwards, signal corresponding with each layer is sent via each antenna.As a result, although above-mentioned constant complex values are arranged to 1, property
It can not be influenced by the constant complex values 1.
To which equation 5 can be indicated by following equation 6.
[equation 6]
<4Tx code books>
A variety of implementations of the structure of included pre-coding matrix in the code book used under the pattern explained below according to 4Tx
Example.
Include according to the method for the embodiment of the present invention：Multiple streams are generated by the way that code word is mapped to multiple layers；And it is right
The stream generated carries out precoding, the stream after precoding is mapped to mutiple antennas, and send mapping result via antenna.
In this case, code book can be configured as follows.By describe to use respectively in order 1, order 2, order 3 and order 4 in different ways
Pre-coding matrix.
1 pre-coding matrix of 4Tx- orders
In the case of 4Tx- orders 1, equation 3 can be rewritten as following equation 7.
[equation 7]
In the case where using broadband precoding scheme in a manner of identical with 1 code book of 2Tx- orders, prelisted by 4Tx- orders 1
The CM for the signal that code processing is sent via each antenna is equal to the CM of the signal used under 1Tx patterns.Therefore, all types of
Pre-coding matrix can freely be applied to this CM, without any problem.
2 pre-coding matrix of 4Tx- orders
In the case of 4Tx- orders 2, equation 3 can be rewritten as following equation 8.
[equation 8]
In 2 code book of 4Tx- orders, in a manner of similar with 2 code book of 2Tx- orders, the element-specific of pre-coding matrix is set
It is zero " 0 ", so that the overlapping of the signal sent via each antenna is minimized, to which CM may remain in low value.
In equation 8, if it is assumed that the signal (p sent via each antennak1x1+pk2x2) in pk1Or pk2It is set
It is zero " 0 ", then the signal sent via each antenna becomes equal to the signal sent from single layer, therefore is sent out via each antenna
The CM of the signal sent may remain in low value.
In one embodiment of the invention, being included in " P " in equation 8 can be byIt indicates.Equation 8
It can be rewritten as following equation 9.
[equation 9]
With reference to equation 9, only the signal sent via each antenna is mapped to there are one layer.From the point of view of single layer,
Think that 1 precoding of 2Tx- orders is applied to the information sent via the single layer.It is thus possible to use 2 precoding square of 2Tx- orders
2 pre-coding matrix of battle array configuration 4Tx- orders.In other words, 2 pre-coding matrix of 4Tx- orders can be the super of 1 pre-coding matrix of 2Tx- orders
Matrix (super matrix).
For example, " P " according to an embodiment of the invention can be indicated by equation 10.
[equation 10]
Above-mentioned 1 pre-coding matrix of 2Tx- orders is used by sends information by two antenna applications to single layer signal
Method.However, if it is assumed that there are four physical antennas, then communication performance may be according to which kind of combination quilt of two antennas compositions
Change for data transmission.In this case, the selected combination of antenna can change according to the value of pre-coding matrix P.
For example, according to one embodiment of present invention, pre-coding matrix P can be configured as multiple format.Each format
It can indicate different antenna combinations.
[equation 11]
In equation 11, value if appropriate is selected as pre-coding matrix P, then can improve due to precoding and lead
The performance improvement of cause.If pre-coding matrix is as above configured, signal corresponding with each layer uses in four antennas of total
Two antennas, the channel estimating performance among each layer becomes similar to each other, and can be by for the CM values of each antenna
It minimizes.
Although in general, constant value to be multiplied by the specific column vector of arbitrary pre-coding matrix, the feature of pre-coding matrix
Do not change.Therefore, although constant value to be multiplied by the particular column of above-mentioned pre-coding matrix, the feature of pre-coding matrix does not change
Become.As a result, the aforesaid operations of the specific column vector for constant value to be multiplied by pre-coding matrix are without departing from the scope of the present invention.
In addition, if scheduled proportionality factor (scaling factor) is multiplied by precoding square shown in equation 11
Battle array, the then result being multiplied can be indicated by following equation 12.
[equation 12]
3 pre-coding matrix of 4Tx- orders (1)
In the case of 4Tx- orders 3, equation 3 can be rewritten as following equation 13.
[equation 13]
With in 3 pre-coding matrix of 4Tx- orders of 2 pre-coding matrix similar fashion of 4Tx- orders, the specific member of pre-coding matrix
Element is arranged to zero " 0 " so that be minimized via the overlapping of signal that each antenna is sent, therefore CM may remain in it is low
Value.
In equation 13, if it is assumed that the signal p sent via each antennak1x1+pk2x2+pk3x3) in pk1、pk2Or
pk3It is arranged to " 0 ", then the CM of the signal sent via each antenna may remain in low value.
In one embodiment of the invention, being included in " P " in equation 12 can be byIt indicates.
Equation 13 can be rewritten as following equation 14.
[equation 14]
It is 3 by the number of plies sent in order 3, and the quantity of physical antenna is 4.In this case, three antennas
Each of can independently map to single layer.Here, only the signal of single layer can be mapped to remaining one
Antenna or at least two layers of signal can be mapped to a remaining antenna.If the signal of only specific single layer
It is mapped to a remaining antenna, then the CM of the signal sent via the antenna can have good feature, but the spy
The communication performance for determining single layer may be with another layer difference.For example, the information in first layer (layer 1) is mapped to first antenna
The information of (antenna 1) and the 4th antenna (antenna 4), the second layer (layer 2) is mapped to the second antenna (antenna 2), and third layer
In the case that the information of (layer 3) is mapped to third antenna (antenna 3), the communication performance of 1 information of layer may be with layer 2 or layer 3
It is different.
In one embodiment of the invention, in order to minimize the CM values for each antenna in precoding processing, in advance
Encoder matrix P can have value P shown in following equation 151、P2And P3Any of.
[equation 15]
Wherein,
Pre-coding matrix P is stated in use1、P2And P3In the case of, the quantity for each layer of antenna is different from each other.
However, if it is assumed that pre-coding matrix P1、P2And P3It is uniformly used for sending specific information, rather than uses pre-coding matrix
P1、P2And P3Any of, then being used for the quantity of each layer of antenna can be normalized (normalized).Although in frequency
Pre-coding matrix P can be alternately used in domain1、P2And P3, but the single-carrier property for the signal being made of single carrier is broken
It is bad so that CM values inevitably increase.To if pre-coding matrix P1、P2And P3Alternately it is applied to each SC-
FDMA symbols, then increase not additional CM.In the case of transmission data, information can be carried out as unit of a subframe
Decoding.Therefore, if pre-coding matrix P1、P2And P3Alternately it is applied to each SC-FDMA symbols, then is sent out via single subframe
The each layer information for the entire information sent can fifty-fifty be sent via the antenna of identical quantity.
In another embodiment of the invention, the position of the antenna used by each layer is changed, so that performance can be with
It is enhanced.The change of aerial position can be carried out with the time.Particularly, antenna can be changed at each SC-FDMA symbols
Position.Method detailed described in detail below for changing aerial position.
For example, the position of the value in pre-coding matrix other than " 0 " be changed in the range of row vector it is another
Position so that another location can be changed to by sending the position of the antenna of each layer signal via it.As another example, on
The method of stating can be realized by row/column displacement, this is because position displacement is held between the row or column of given pre-coding matrix
Row.
Fig. 8 is to show that the position for the row or column to pre-coding matrix executes the schematic diagram of the method for displacement.
In more detail, Fig. 8 (a) is the schematic diagram and Fig. 8 (b) for showing the method for executing displacement to capable position
It is the schematic diagram for the method that displacement is executed for the position to row.
In the pre-coding matrix shown in equation 15, pre-coding matrix P1Can by line replacement and/or column permutation so that
Pre-coding matrix P can be generated by obtaining2Or P3.To in such as pre-coding matrix P1、P2Or P3Structure in, can only pass through row
Displacement obtains new unique pre-coding matrix.
It can be indicated by following formula by the row sequence that the available line replacement under 4Tx patterns changes.
{ 1,2,3,4 }, { 1,2,4,3 }, { 1,3,2,4 }, { 1,3,4,2 },
{ Isosorbide-5-Nitrae, 2,3 }, { Isosorbide-5-Nitrae, 3,2 }, { 2,1,3,4 }, { 2, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae, 3 },
{ 2,3, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae }, { 2,3,4,1 }, { 2,4,1,3 }, { 2,4,3,1 },
{ 3,2, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae }, { 3,2,4,1 }, { 3,1,2,4 }, { 3, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae, 2 },
{ 3,4,2,1 }, { 3,4,1,2 }, { 4,2,3,1 }, { 4,2,1,3 },
{ 4,3,2,1 }, { 4,3,1,2 }, { 4,1,2,3 }, { 4,1,3,2 }
In above-mentioned expression formula, { w, x, y, z } means the row vector 1,2,3 and 4 of pre-coding matrix in given precoding
Matrix PkIt is rearranged by the sequence with bracket inner digital under the conditions of existing.
By line replacement, signal corresponding with particular row is mapped to different antennae.By column permutation, it can obtain and cut
Change the identical effect of information of different layers.If you do not need to distinguishing the performance of each layer, then similar performance is required to each layer
System need not utilize column permutation.It is thus possible to obtain effect corresponding with day line options using only line replacement.
Meanwhile in the case where given proportionality factor is multiplied by each pre-coding matrix shown in equation 15, as a result
It can be indicated by following equation 16.
[equation 16]
3 pre-coding matrix of 4Tx- orders (2)
In the case of 4Tx- orders 3, if each antenna sends information only corresponding with a layer, via each day
The CM values for the signal that line is sent may remain in low value, however, the information of only one layer is sent via only one antenna, make
Communication performance is obtained to deteriorate.To in 4Tx- orders 3, need to be multiplexed with most two layers and send out via individual antenna
The code book designed by mode sent so that the increment of CM can be minimized, while can improve communication performance.
According to one embodiment of present invention, when information corresponding with two layers is sent via individual antenna, equation 13
Shown in pre-coding matrix P can be by the P in equation 174Or the P in equation 185It indicates.
[equation 17]
[equation 18]
In equation 17, in order to meet order 3, " X " must be with pre-coding matrix P4In " Z " it is different.
Use pre-coding matrix P4Or P5Method the shortcomings that be, only the signal of single layer is sent via other antennas,
And the signal of two layers is multiplexed and is sent via specific antenna.
In one embodiment of the invention, in order to eliminate the above problem, pre-coding matrix P can have following equation 19
Shown in value P6、P7And P8Any of.
[equation 19]
Wherein,
About pre-coding matrix P4、P5、P6、P7Or P8, line replacement and/or row can be executed to 3 pre-coding matrix of 4Tx- orders
Displacement.Due to executing line replacement and column permutation, it can realize that the signal for making certain layer is sent out via arbitrary antenna by precoding
The antenna selection function and layer permutation function sent.
In one embodiment of the invention, each column vector of pre-coding matrix may be configured to mutually orthogonal.
If each column vector of pre-coding matrix is configured to mutually orthogonal, pre-coding matrix disclosure satisfy that the unilateral tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches
The characteristic of matrix (one side unitary matrix).It is indicated by following equation 20 that is, pre-coding matrix P can have
Feature.
[equation 20]
PHP=α I ≠ PPH
In one embodiment of the invention, the pre-coding matrix of order 3 can be configured in the form of to the following equation 21.For
The pre-coding matrix P for meeting following equation 21 disclosure satisfy that relationship shown in equation 20.
[equation 21]
In equation 21, due to meet byTable
The relationship shown, it is possible to recognize, matrix P meets equation 20.
4 pre-coding matrix of 4Tx- orders (1)
In the case of 4Tx- orders 4, equation 3 can be rewritten as following equation 22.
[equation 22]
In the case of 4Tx- orders 4, the signal from four layers is multiplexed and is sent via each antenna.
In one embodiment of the invention, if in the form of unit matrix allocating pre-coding matrix, an antenna
Signal corresponding with single layer can only be sent.In this case, equation 22 can be rewritten as following equation 23.
[equation 23]
4 pre-coding matrix of 4Tx- orders (2)
In 4 code book of 4Tx- orders, if the quantity of -4 pre-coding matrix of order increases, communication performance can also increase.Work as packet
When including the quantity increase of pre-coding matrix in the codebook, the pre-coding matrix closer to actual channel can be selected.Therefore, in advance
The quantity of encoder matrix is bigger, and performance is higher.However, selection pre-coding matrix becomes complicated in the codebook so that preferably
Include an appropriate number of pre-coding matrix in such code book.However, in the case of 4Tx- orders 4, in order to via each day
Line only sends signal corresponding with single layer, and pre-coding matrix should be unit matrix, so that using multiple 4 precodings of order
In the case of matrix, signal corresponding with two layers or more layer is sent when should have via individual antenna.Therefore, for minimum
Change CM values and increase the quantity of 4 pre-coding matrix of order in code book, the element-specific of pre-coding matrix can be set to zero
“0”.In equation 22, if it is assumed that the signal (p sent via each antennak1x1+pk2x2+pk3x3+pk4x4) in pk1、pk2、
pk3And pk4In two values be separately arranged as zero " 0 ", then via each antenna send signal CM may remain in it is low
Value.
In one embodiment of the invention, pre-coding matrix can be set to the P in following equation 249, it is such as the following
P in formula 2510Or the P in following equation 2611。
[equation 24]
[equation 25]
Wherein, A ≠ C, B ≠ D,
[equation 26]
Pre-coding matrix P9、P10Or P11It is to prelist with most two corresponding signals of layer for being sent via each antenna
The example of code matrix.As described above, to pre-coding matrix P9、P10Or P11Execute row/column displacement so that can be via different antennae
Send the signal of different layers.
Pre-coding matrix P11Unitary matrice so that can utilize unitary pre-coding matrix the advantages of.
4 pre-coding matrix of 4Tx- orders (3)
In the case of 4Tx- orders 4, only zero is can be set to there are one element in the often capable element of pre-coding matrix
“0”.Using above method, signal corresponding with three layers can be multiplexed and be sent out via individual antenna
It send, so that communication performance can be improved.However, in the case of stating method in use, CM values further increase, but are increased
The CM values added can be less than when all elements in pre-coding matrix are all set to any other value when institute in addition to zero " 0 "
Another CM values obtained.It is thus possible to transmitter need not be with the good SNR shapes of maximum transmission power transmission data or information
The above method is effectively utilized under state.
In one embodiment of the invention, pre-coding matrix P can be by the P in following equation 2712, in following equation 28
P13, P in following equation 2914Or the P in following equation 3015It indicates.
[equation 27]
[equation 28]
[equation 29]
[equation 30]
Pre-coding matrix P shown in equation 3015Unitary matrice so that can utilize unitary pre-coding matrix the advantages of.
The matrix that is obtained when constant to be multiplied by the particular column of pre-coding matrix or when being held to above-mentioned pre-coding matrix
Another matrix obtained when every trade/column permutation is used as a part for code book.
The element of above-mentioned pre-coding matrix be selected from for 1 absolute value and with+0 ° ,+45 ° ,+90 ° ,+135 ° ,+
The plural number of any of 180 °, -135 °, -90 ° and -45 ° corresponding phases.It is for illustration purposes only that is, the element of pre-coding matrix is selected from for example, disclosing above-mentioned selection, and pre-coding matrix
Element can be selected from the absolute value and one group of out of phase plural number for 1.For example, each element of pre-coding matrix can
To be selected from(wherein, α is arbitrary constant).
Power-balance (power balancing)
Meanwhile the transmission power balance and/or each layer of transmission power balance of each antenna may in codebook design
It is considered as critically important problem.If not adjusting each antenna for maximum uniformity (maximal uniformity)
Transmission power, then generate performance difference between each transmission antenna.Similarly, if do not adjusted for maximum uniformity
Each layer of transmission power is saved, then generates performance difference between each code word.
To which one embodiment of the present of invention, which proposes, uses all elements corresponding with each antenna of pre-coding matrix
The norm of (that is, all elements of the particular row of pre-coding matrix) considers antenna power balance, to design the side of pre-coding matrix
Method.In more detail, it can be utilized shown in following equation 31 in the form of antenna power balance shown in 32 to the following equation
Pre-coding matrix.
[equation 31]
[equation 32]
On the other hand, one embodiment of the present of invention provides all elements using each layer (that is, pre-coding matrix is specific
The all elements of row) norm, consider layer power-balance, the method to design pre-coding matrix.It in more detail, can be with following
The form of layer power-balance shown in equation 34 utilizes pre-coding matrix shown in following equation 33.
[equation 33]
[equation 34]
In this case, it is different from 2 pre-coding matrix of order, the line number and columns in 3 pre-coding matrix of 4Tx- orders are uncomfortable
It is balanced and layer power-balance in being performed simultaneously antenna power.However, under specific circumstances, for example, converting (its basis using layer
Specific pattern in transmission mode will change into another layer for the layer of transmission) system in, produce the poor performance between layer
Different scattered effect, layer power-balance may balance relatively more inessential than antenna power.Therefore, of the invention one implementation
Example is proposed being unable to simultaneously perform antenna power balance and under conditions of layer power-balance, using aerial balance is being first carried out
When the pre-coding matrix that is obtained.
Meanwhile the following pre-coding matrix in above-mentioned 3 pre-coding matrix of 4Tx- orders indicates：Since two symbols are sent to
Each layer, it is possible to antenna power balance is executed, as represented by following equation 35.
[equation 35]
Similarly, in the case of following pre-coding matrix in 3 pre-coding matrix of 4Tx- orders, due to only one symbol quilt
It is sent to an antenna, it is possible to only execution level power-balance, as shown in following equation 36.
[equation 36]
Meanwhile according to another embodiment of the present invention, from be performed simultaneously antenna power balance and layer power-balance viewpoint,
The present invention propose include following pre-coding matrix represented by equation 37 3 pre-coding matrix of 4Tx- orders.
[equation 37]
In other words, equation 37 shows the pre-coding matrix for being used as 3 pre-coding matrix of 4Tx- orders, and in equation 37
Each pre-coding matrix is set up as not sending the signal to single specific antenna.
Meanwhile the example of the pre-coding matrix obtained when to 3 pre-coding matrix execution level power-balance of 4Tx- orders can
To be indicated by following equation 38.
[equation 38]
<Code book beta pruning>(codebook pruning)
In 4Tx systems, pre-coding matrix corresponding with order 1, order 2, order 3 and order 4 may serve as in transmitting terminal and connect
The element of the code book used in receiving end.However, using all pre-coding matrixes, the size of code book is excessively increased,
So that the quantity of pre-coding matrix must be reduced while by property retention in proper level.It is described in detail below to subtract
The embodiment of the quantity of few pre-coding matrix.The method for limiting following pre-coding matrix can separately or simultaneously be utilized.
Codebook element alphabet (alphabet) limits
From with for 1 absolute value and in+0 ° ,+45 ° ,+90 ° ,+135 ° ,+180 °, -135 °, -90 ° and -45 °
Each element in above-mentioned pre-coding matrix is selected in the plural number of any one corresponding phase.
In one embodiment of the invention, in order to reduce the quantity of pre-coding matrix, each element of pre-coding matrix
The plural number with absolute value and phase corresponding with any of+0 ° ,+90 ° ,+180 ° and -90 ° for 1 can be selected from.
That is, each element in pre-coding matrix can be selected from { 1, j, -1,-j }.
It otherwise, can be from N number of alphabetical alphabetical (letter) institute being spaced in 8 alphabets of 45° angle
Each element of pre-coding matrix is extracted in the subset of composition.
Limitation to unitary pre-coding matrix
In the case where each column vector in being included in pre-coding matrix is mutually orthogonal, pre-coding matrix can be tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches square
Battle array or part unitary matrice.If pre-coding matrix is as characterized above, additional gain can be obtained.
Therefore, according to one embodiment of present invention, unitary matrice or the part tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches in all aforementioned pre-coding matrixes are collected
Matrix so that form code book.
For example, being executed to pre-coding matrix shown in pre-coding matrix shown in following equation 39 and following equation 40
Row/column is replaced, and to obtain several matrixes, and combines obtained matrix so that generate code book.
[equation 39]
Wherein,
Limitation to nested structure (nested structure)
When constructing the pre-coding matrix of order 1, order 2, order 3 and order 4, can come with the column vector of 4 pre-coding matrix of order
In the case of the pre-coding matrix for constructing order 2 or order 3, the pre-coding matrix constructed is referred to as the precoding with nested structure
Matrix.If specific 4 pre-coding matrix of order is used as a part for precoding codebook, should be prelisted with the specific order 4
Code matrix column vector configures 3 pre-coding matrix of order, so that generating limitation in the construction of pre-coding matrix.Thus can
To limit codebook size according to aforementioned norm (norm) or standard.
In one embodiment of the invention, the pre-coding matrix of order 1, order 2, order 3 and order 4 has nested structure.
For example, obtained square can be replaced with by executing row/column to pre-coding matrix shown in following equation 40
The combination of battle array constructs code book.
[equation 40]
Wherein,
In addition to matrix shown in above-mentioned equation, there may also be other applicable matrixes.It can be readily appreciated that
Applicable matrix can be obtained by executing line replacement and/or column permutation to above-mentioned matrix.In the present invention, due to prelisting
It is 0 element that code matrix, which has value, so specific antenna can not be mapped to specific inlet flow.The operation is considered
Antenna selection function.
II. the long form of code book
Hereafter, it in the case where code book is designed to meet above-mentioned codebook design rule, will be described in detail for examining
Decision includes the method for the pre-coding matrix for each order in the codebook in the case of worry chordal distance.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram for showing chordal distance.
It is well known that chordal distance is one of the norm (or standard) for the performance of more a variety of code book collection.Here, term
" string " indicates the straight line between 2 points be located on circumference.Therefore, two-dimentional (2D) situation is given, chordal distance indicates to be located at circle (example
Such as, unit circle) circumference on the distance between 2 points, as shown in Figure 9.
4Tx- code books need to consider four-dimensional chordal distance, so that following equation 41 may serve as selecting code book collection
Chordal distance.
[equation 41]
In equation 41, P is P=［ v1 v2 … vN], and Q is Q=[u1 u2 … uN], wherein viAnd ui(in 4Tx
In the case of antenna, i=1,2 ... N, N=4) be respectively matrix P and Q principal vector (principal vector).In addition,It is the Frobenius norms of matrix.Above-mentioned string can also be measured by following equation 42
Distance.
[equation 42]
Wherein, A and B is the orthogonal generator matrix for being respectively used to P and Q.
Above-mentioned chordal distance concept will be used to describe to set for the above-mentioned code book of the 4Tx systems based on four transmission antennas
Meter.For ease of description and more fully understand the present invention, expression below is omitted and the relevant factor of power-balance.
Order 2
First, it is assumed that using the following three groups of code books that can keep good CM performances about 2 system of 4Tx- orders.
[equation 43]
First group
Second group
Third group
Although the quantity for meeting the pre-coding matrix of above-mentioned format can be sizable number, it is preferred that according to conjunction
The norm of reason designs the code book of the pre-coding matrix including predetermined quantity.Being described below to propose will be used for using following norm
The quantity of the pre-coding matrix of each order is restricted to predetermined quantity or less method.
First norm (norm 1)：Chordal distance
Second norm (norm 2)：Indicate whether pre-coding matrix is equably selected from each group of reference.If in code book
The quantity of pre-coding matrix/vector cannot be eliminated by a group number, then consider the first norm (norm 1) most equably to select precoding
Matrix.
Above-mentioned norm can comparably be not only applicable to order 3, and applied to the order 4 then described.
In more detail, one embodiment of the present of invention, which is proposed, is selected in advance using norm 1 from the code book about specific order
The method of the set of encoder matrix.In the first step, it is calculated using equation 42 and all is prelisted be included in single code book
Code matrix is to related chordal distance.For example, if there is four code book collection, then four minimum chordal distance values can be by following expression
Formula indicates.
[expression formula]
In above expression,The value of (wherein, i is code book collection number) is higher, and system performance is higher.It is therefore preferable that
Be first and the 4th code book enter next selection step.
In the second step, in order to support a variety of wireless channel environments, the present invention proposes most equably to be selected for each group
The method for selecting pre-coding matrix.For example, according to the method for the present invention proposed, if there is three code book groups and 16 are needed
A pre-coding matrix then selects 5 pre-coding matrixes, and selected from a remaining group as -2 code book of order from two groups
Select 6 pre-coding matrixes.For example, according to the method for the present invention proposed, 5 pre-coding matrixes are selected from the first two group, and 6
A pre-coding matrix is selected from last group.One embodiment of the present of invention can be considered above-mentioned for limiting each pre-coding matrix
Alphabet method, wherein for example, alphabet " X " can be limited to X=1, j, -1, or-j.Following discussion illustrate can
Exemplary -2 code book of 4Tx orders configured by above step.
[table 1]
- 2 code book collection 1-1 of order
- 2 code book collection 2-1 of order
- 2 code book collection 3-1 of order
- 2 code book collection 4-1 of order
- 2 code book collection 5-1 of order
- 2 code book collection 6-1 of order
- 2 code book collection 7-1 of order
- 2 code book collection 8-1 of order
- 2 code book collection 9-1 of order
- 2 code book collection 10-1 of order
- 2 code book collection 11-1 of order
- 2 code book collection 12-1 of order
Above-mentioned code book is for illustration purposes only shown in open table 1, and line replacement and/or column permutation can be applied to
All pre-coding matrixes or some pre-coding matrixes.
If -2 code book of 4Tx orders includes 15 pre-coding matrixes, can be selected among each pre-coding matrix group
A pre-coding matrix is removed in the group of the pre-coding matrix of maximum quantity.The demonstration for showing to be configured by said program is described below
- 2 code book of property 4Tx orders.
[table 2]
- 2 code book collection 1-2 of order
- 2 code book collection 2-2 of order
- 2 code book collection 3-2 of order
- 2 code book collection 4-2 of order
- 2 code book collection 5-2 of order
- 2 code book collection 6-2 of order
- 2 code book collection 7-2 of order
- 2 code book collection 8-2 of order
- 2 code book collection 9-2 of order
- 2 code book collection 10-2 of order
- 2 code book collection 11-2 of order
- 2 code book collection 12-2 of order
Code book is also to be for illustration purposes only shown in open table 2, can in code book all pre-coding matrixes or
Some pre-coding matrixes execute line replacement and/or column permutation.
Order 3- first embodiments
In order to design -3 code book of 4Tx orders to keep good CM characteristics, it is assumed that use following three pre-coding matrix groups.For
Convenient for description, omit and power-balance relevant factor herein.
[equation 44]
1st group
2nd group
3rd group
In the case of order 3, the present invention is proposed constructs code in a manner of identical with order 2 according to above-mentioned norm 1 and norm 2
This method.In more detail, it is calculated using equation 42 and combines related chordal distance with available all pre-coding matrixes in code book,
Then the set with the minimum number of largest chord distance can be selected.In addition, the present invention propose from each group (the 1st group,
2 groups or the 3rd group) in most equably select pre-coding matrix method.If represented by each group of pre-coding matrix component
Letter be limited to (1, j, -1,-j), then can obtain and disclosure satisfy that minimum chordal distance dC,=0.707 following code book.
[table 3]
- 3 code book collection 1-1 of order
- 3 code book collection 2-1 of order
- 3 code book collection 3-1 of order
- 3 code book collection 4-1 of order
- 3 code book collection 5-1 of order
- 3 code book collection 6-1 of order
- 3 code book collection 7-1 of order
- 3 code book collection 8-1 of order
It should be noted that can be held to all pre-coding matrixes of above-mentioned code book shown in table 3 or some pre-coding matrixes
Every trade is replaced and/or column permutation.
If only 15 pre-coding matrixes are included in -3 code book of order, then removal exists from code book shown in table 3
A pre-coding matrix in the group of the pre-coding matrix of maximum quantity is selected among each group so that the result after removal can
To be configured as shown in following table 4.
[table 4]
- 3 code book collection 1-2 of order
- 3 code book collection 2-2 of order
- 3 code book collection 3-2 of order
- 3 code book collection 4-2 of order
- 3 code book collection 5-2 of order
- 3 code book collection 6-2 of order
- 3 code book collection 7-2 of order
- 3 code book collection 8-2 of order
It should be noted that can be executed to all above-mentioned pre-coding matrixes shown in table 4 or some above-mentioned pre-coding matrixes
Line replacement and/or column permutation.
Order 3- second embodiments
In one embodiment of the invention, use explained below can keep 6 precoding squares of good CM characteristics
Battle array group is come the method that constructs code book.For keeping -3 pre-coding matrix group of six 4Tx orders of good CM characteristics can be by such as the following
Formula 45 indicates.
[equation 45]
1st group2nd group3rd group4th group
5th group6th group
Wherein,
- 3 code book of order including 24 pre-coding matrixes in 6 groups shown in equation 45 is shown in following table 5
Example.In order to reduce complexity, in table 5 shown in example, be restricted to 1 by the letter of pre-coding matrix element representation ,-
J, -1, and-j.
[table 5]
For another instance, the present invention proposes the method using the remaining set other than the 4th group (the 4th group), passes through
Column permutation is applied to first group (the 1st group) shown in equation 45 in all groups and generates the 4th group (the 4th group).It is logical
Often, it if three column vectors are indicated by [c1, c2, c3], then can generate such as [c1, c3, c2], [c2, c1, c3], [c2, c3,
C1], [c3, c2, c1], and [c3, c1, c2] 5 column permutation matrixes, so as to obtain 6 matrixes.
Above-mentioned the reason of not using specific vector permutation matrix, is that the sequence of coding is mapped to the spy of pre-coding matrix
Determine column vector (or certain layer).Assuming that the code word of two absolute codings in above-mentioned pre-coding matrix group is mapped to different layers,
As described below.
(1) first code word is mapped to first layer.
(2) second code words are evenly distributed over and map to the second layer and third layer.
Assuming that being mapped using the above code word-layer, then specific column permutation does not generate the difference of the average SINR between different code words
It is different.For example, the displacement from column vector [c1, c2, c3] to another column vector [c1, c3, c2] can indicate only the second code word
Layer is exchanged.In this way, the exchange (wherein, identical second code word is evenly distributed over and maps) between two layers does not lead to performance
Change.For the system using SIC receivers, being correctly decoded for code word causes performance to improve when giving the transmission of multiple code words.
This is because code word is once correctly decoded.So can be interfered using the codeword information being correctly decoded to eliminate space layer.
In the case that mutiple antennas transmission power by equably normalized, some column vectors of pre-coding matrix can have larger
Transmission power.In the case of layer conversion/displacement is not present between all transmission layers, there is larger transmission power with column vector
The corresponding certain layer of column vector of pre-coding matrix can have preferable performance.It is all not present on all layers sent
In the case of layer conversion/displacement, in order to make full use of SIC receivers, the first layer that the first code word is individually mapped to be mapped
To the pre-coding matrix column vector with larger transmission power, and the second code word for being mapped to the second layer and third layer is reflected
The precoding vector with relatively small transmission power compared with first layer is mapped to arrange.In the feelings using the above code word-layer mapping
Pre-coding matrix shown in [equation 46] under condition, can be used and using serial interference elimination (SIC) to connect to further increase
Performance in the case of receipts machine algorithm.
[equation 46]
1st group2nd group3rd group4th group5th group
Wherein,
Following code book is exemplary -3 code book of 4Tx orders, and each is intended to be included in each above pre-coding matrix
In letter be limited to 1, j, -1, and-j, and include 20 pre-coding matrixes.
[table 6]
Meanwhile according to another embodiment of the present invention, the quantity of the pre-coding matrix needed for optimum performance is obtained from high order
Less than the quantity for obtaining the pre-coding matrix needed for optimum performance from low-rank, so that -3 code book of order can be limited to by the present invention
Code book having less than 24 pre-coding matrixes.In this case, the present invention can use norm 2 from 6 pre-coding matrixes
Pre-coding matrix is equably selected in group.
[table 7]
If can be seen that e from the example of table 7-jθIt is multiplied by specific column vector, then the column permutation in pre-coding matrix is to property
The improvement of energy does not influence so that the quantity including pre-coding matrix in the codebook is restricted to 12.Meanwhile according to the present invention
One embodiment, antenna permutation can be executed, to obtain antenna selection gain.It can also be pre- in above-mentioned code book by being included in
The line replacement of encoder matrix realizes antenna permutation.
Order 3- 3rd embodiments
In the third embodiment of the present invention, it is assumed that following 6 pre-coding matrix groups are considered as that can keep good CM
The pre-coding matrix of performance.
[equation 47]
1st group
2nd group
3rd group
4th group
5th group
6th group
Wherein,
In the case of first group (the 1st group) in equation 47, it can be appreciated that three permutation matrixes be selected from [c1, c3,
C2], [c2, c1, c3], [c2, c3, c1], [c3, c2, c1] and [c3, c1, c2].It, can be in the case of the 4th group (the 4th group)
It recognizes, the pre-coding matrix of a composition is excluded, because the pre-coding matrix excluded has been included in first group the (the 1st
Group) in.Preferably when not execution level conversion operation, 3rd embodiment is utilized.It includes executing that 3rd embodiment, which can use,
The code book of the pre-coding matrix collection of column permutation realizes that layer is converted.To which information sequence can be mapped to all layers so that
The SINR differences of interlayer can be normalized.
3rd embodiment can select pre-coding matrix using the first norm (norm 1) and the second norm (norm 2).
Order 3- fourth embodiments
Fourth embodiment thinks that following three groups are pre-coding matrix groups for keeping good CM characteristics.
[equation 48]
Wherein,
Last column vector in pre-coding matrix group shown in equation 48It can be different pre-
Encoder matrix, such as precoding vector/matrix based on DFT or the precoding vector based on person of outstanding talent Si Huoerde (household)/
Matrix.For example, the example of last vector can be -1 code book of order of 3GPP LTE systems (8 system of release).Preferably, it is
Holding matrixOrthogonal/part tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches feature, matrixWithIt must satisfy tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches feature.It is similar
Ground, matrixMatrixAnd matrixAnd matrixMatrix
WithIt must satisfy tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches feature.It means that parameter must satisfy following relationship.
[equation 49]
In the 1st group：A=1, b=-X, and c=-dY*
In the 2nd group：A '=1, b '=- X, and c '=- d ' Y*
In the 3rd group：A "=1, b "=- X, and c "=- d " Y*
In this case, although specific complex constant to be multiplied by each column vector of specific pre-coding matrix, this meaning
Taste multiplied result and indicates identical pre-coding matrix, it is assumed that a, a ' or a " be arranged to 1.
Preferably, the case where fourth embodiment can be applied to when execution level is replaced.Layer replacement operator indicates specific letter
Breath sequence by cyclic mapping and is sent to all layers so that each layer of SINR performance differences are normalized.If in difference
Equal-wattage is used in layer, then it is corresponding with no last row of 0 value last from the viewpoint of precoded output signal
Layer data sequence have highest power.
In the case where being changed without using stratification and using enhanced SIC receiver algorithms, layer that the first code word is mapped to
The precoding vector row that other precoding vectors row should be preferably relatively higher than with transmission power are corresponding.In the feelings of [equation 48]
Under condition, third row can have the transmission power than other row biggers.First layer is mapped to for first row, secondary series is reflected
It is incident upon the second layer, and third arranges the case where being mapped to third layer, can use [equation 48a] to replace [equation 48].This
Kind of pre-coding matrix structure will allow to improve performance in the case where changing without using stratification and using SIC receivers, this be by
When giving multiple codeword transmissions, entire code word is correctly decoded probability raising.
[equation 48a]
Wherein,
The 5th embodiments of order 3-
In the 5th embodiment, it is assumed that be used as with the following group keeping the precoding of good CM performances shown in equation 50
Matrix group.
[equation 50]
Wherein,
Pre-coding matrix group shown in equation 50 executes line replacement or column permutation when institute by the structure to fourth embodiment
The multiple pre-coding matrixes obtained are constituted.Column vector in pre-coding matrix group shown in equation 50It can be with
It is different pre-coding matrix, such as precoding vector/matrix based on DFT or the precoding vector based on bold and unconstrained Si Huoerde/
Matrix.For example, the example of the above column vector can be -1 code book of order of 3GPP LTE systems (8 system of release).
Similar to fourth embodiment, in the 5th embodiment, preferably pre-coding matrix vector is orthogonal, and
Element in all column vectors of each pre-coding matrix group in addition to for the first of 0 value is all set to 1.
Code book according to the 5th embodiment includes being generated when executing column permutation to the pre-coding matrix of fourth embodiment
Pre-coding matrix.As described above, the pre-coding matrix with column vector [c1, c2, c3] can have 6 column permutation precoding squares
Battle array, such as [c1, c3, c2], [c2, c1, c3], [c2, c3, c1], [c3, c2, c1], [c3, c1, c2] and [c3, c1, c2].
Include specific column permutation the reason of be, the first code word be mapped to first layer and the second code word by distribution and
Second and third column permutation of the pre-coding matrix mapped in the system of the second layer and third layer do not lead to the difference in performance.
Order 3- sixth embodiments
To be configured to the format obtained when the pre-coding matrix of code book shown in fourth embodiment execution line replacement
According to the pre-coding matrix of sixth embodiment, because the pre-coding matrix of sixth embodiment can be obtained by antenna switching.
It can be indicated by following equation 51 according to the pre-coding matrix of sixth embodiment.
[equation 51]
[equation 51]
Column vectorOr their line replacement format can be different pre-coding matrix, such as based on
Precoding vector/matrix of DFT or precoding vector/matrix based on bold and unconstrained Si Huoerde.For example, the example of the above column vector can
To be -1 code book of order of 3GPP LTE systems (8 system of release).
Similar to fourth embodiment, in the sixth embodiment, the column vector of preferably pre-coding matrix is orthogonal, and
And element a, a ' or a " are arranged to 1.It can be indicated by following equation 52 according to the example of the code book of sixth embodiment.
[equation 52]
Wherein,
The 7th embodiments of order 3-
The code book according to the 7th embodiment is configured with the format of the line replacement of code book shown in the 5th embodiment.According to
The example of the code book of 7th embodiment can be indicated by following equation 53.
[equation 53]
Wherein,
Column vectorOr their line replacement format can be different pre-coding matrix, such as based on
Precoding vector/matrix of DFT or precoding vector/matrix based on bold and unconstrained Si Huoerde.For example, the example of the above column vector can
To be -1 code book of order of 3GPP LTE systems (8 system of release).
Similar to fourth embodiment, in the seventh embodiment, the column vector of preferably pre-coding matrix is orthogonal, and
And element a, a ' or a " are arranged to 1.Preferably when not executing antenna permutation using the code book according to the present embodiment, this
It is that can realize that antenna permutation is imitated by executing the pre-coding matrix of line replacement because when using the code book of the 7th embodiment
Fruit.
It can be indicated by following equation 54 according to the example of the code book of the 7th embodiment.
[equation 54]
Wherein,
Reference for selecting other pre-coding matrix
Other than norm 1 and norm 2, the present embodiment is designed to consider another norm.In the norm, by being included in
The element represented by letter in each pre-coding matrix group is not to be selected from eight values, and be limited to 1, j, -1 and-j, to
Reduce the quantity for including pre-coding matrix in the codebook.
According to the present embodiment, consideration includes the code book collection of 16 pre-coding matrixes.For example, the order 1DFT about 4Tx antennas
Vector can indicate as follows.
N × N DFT matrixes (or Fourier matrix) F based on given component (component)N, such as it is normalized toFN=e-j·2π/N, indicated by following equation 55.
[equation 55]
Order 1DFT vectors about 4Tx antennas are made of 16 column vectors of the most the forth day of a lunar month row positioned at equation 55.
[table 8]
Next, 1 person of outstanding talent Si Huoerde vectors (HH vectors) of 4Tx orders can be indicated by following table 9.
[table 9]
Codebook size limits
First can be used to limit and be included in code at least one of third norm (norm 1, norm 2 and norm 3)
The quantity of pre-coding matrix in this.In the present embodiment, the codebook size limitation for each order is will be described in detail, especially
It is the size limitation of 1 code book of order.
The downlink 4Tx code books for being presently used for 3GPP LTE systems provide that each order has vector/square of identical quantity
Battle array (that is, 16 vector/matrixes).However, it is well known in the art that obtaining prelisting needed for optimum performance from high order
The quantity of code matrix is less than the quantity that the pre-coding matrix needed for optimum performance is obtained from low-rank.For this purpose, this of the present invention
A embodiment proposes new code book format, wherein the quantity of the pre-coding matrix of low-rank is higher than the pre-coding matrix of high order
Quantity so that each order has the pre-coding matrix of different number.
Meanwhile mobile communication system can support a variety of transmission modes.Assuming that X transmission mode can be efficiently used for
Positioned at the UE of cell edge so that UE can support the close loop maneuver using 1 precoding matrix indicators of order (PMI).This
In the case of, order 1PMI vectors can be selected from 1 pre-coding matrix of order being included in entire code book, and the entire code book is by supporting Y
Multiple pre-coding matrixes of all orders of a transmission mode (such as, open loop MIMO or closed-loop MIMO) are constituted.In this case,
Assuming that X transmission mode is different from the Y transmission mode.For the Y transmission mode, the size of 1 code book of order need not quilt
It is configured to two power.In addition, though 1 codebook size of order is configured as two power, but only codebook size can increase, without more
High performance improvement.Therefore, this embodiment proposes the side that codebook size is rationally limited while with proper property
Method so that can indicate code book with lesser amount of feedback information.
First, it is assumed that the quantity of the pre-coding matrix of each order of the Y transmission mode is supported to be arranged to A- orders 1, B-
Order 2, C- orders 3 and D- orders 4 (wherein, D≤C≤B≤A).In this case, the size of entire code book is equal to A, B, C and D
Summation.In order to support the above codebook size, the m bit signallings for meeting the following conditions shown in equation 56 are needed.
[equation 56]
A+B+C+D≤2m
If UE is configured to use X transmission mode, UE that can use order 1PMI information.Preferably limit again
Fixed 2nA order 1PMI (wherein, n<M), to reduce the bit number required by signaling.Can use a variety of methods (1), (2), (3),
(4), (5) and (6) reduce signaling bit number.
(1) method 1
If it can, selection even number index.
(2) method 2
If it can, selection odd number index.
(3) method 3
Select initial 2nA index.
(4) method 4
Select last 2nA index.
(5) method 5
Arbitrary selection index.
(6) method 6
Construction is realized by signaling.
For example, for the Y transmission mode, 33 pre-coding matrixes are provided for order 1,15 precoding squares are provided for order 2
Battle array provides 15 pre-coding matrixes for order 3, and provides 4 pre-coding matrixes for order 4.
In which case it is possible to use for construct a variety of methods (1) of 1 code book of order, (2), (3), (4), (5) and
(6), 1 code book of order is for only indicating 16 pre-coding matrixes.
(1) method 1
If it can, selection even number index
(2) method 2
If it can, selection odd number index
(3) method 3
16 initial indexes of selection.
(4) method 4
16 last indexes of selection.
(5) method 5
Arbitrary selection index.
(6) method 6
Construction is realized by signaling.
Meanwhile it can be used for using a variety of methods (1), (2), (3) and (4) for constructing 1 code book of order, 1 code book of order
Only indicate 32 pre-coding matrixes.
(1) method 1
32 initial indexes of selection.
(2) method 2
32 last indexes of selection.
(3) method 3
Arbitrary selection index.
(4) method 4
Construction is realized by signaling.
If 16 1 vectors of downlink order be included in include 32 pre-coding matrixes 1 code book of order in, can make
With following method for limiting (I) and (II).
It is described in detail below with corresponding method for limiting (I) the case where 1 code book of order of construction 16- sizes and its in detail
Description.
A 16 1 vectors of downlink order) are selected.
B) 1 code book of selection 16- sizes order, without considering 1 vector of downlink order.
(1) 16 initial indexes of selection.
(2) 16 last indexes are selected.
(3) arbitrary selection index.
(4) construction is realized by signaling.
Another method for limiting (II) corresponds to another situation of 1 code book of construction 32- sizes order, and will be in detailed below
Ground describes its detailed description.
A) the vector for selecting 16 downlink orders 1 vectorial+other.
(1) 16 initial indexes of selection.
(2) 16 last indexes are selected.
(3) arbitrary selection index.
(4) construction is realized by signaling.
B) 1 code book of selection 32- sizes order, without considering 1 vector of downlink order.
(1) 32 initial indexes of selection.
(2) 32 last indexes are selected.
(3) arbitrary selection index.
(4) it is realized and is constructed by signaling.
The quantity of the code book of each order can be effectively configured to according to said program.
III. device configuration
Section III chapter will include the improved structure in UE in following discloses, wherein improved structure can keep good
PAPR or CM characteristics, while MIMO scheme application first downlink signal being sent.
Figure 10 is the block diagram for showing general base station (BS) and general user's equipment (UE).
With reference to figure 10, base station (BS) 10 includes processor 11, memory 12 and radio frequency (RF) module 13.RF modules 13
It is used as receiving uplink signal and sends the transmission/reception module of down link signal.Processor 11 can use deposit
Storage down link signal in memory 12 send information (e.g., including in the code book for downlink signal transmissions
Specific pre-coding matrix) control downlink signal transmissions.Otherwise, as the reverse process of precoding processing, processor
11 can be same by the way that the uplink signal reception information (for example, uplink signal) of storage in memory 12 to be multiplied by
The Hermitian matrix of pre-coding matrix is as the pre-coding matrix used in UE 20, to control signal reception processing.
UE 20 may include being used as sending uplink signal and receiving the transmission/reception module of down link signal
Processor 21, memory 22 and RF modules 23.Processor 21 can use the uplink signal being stored in memory 22
Information (e.g., including the specific pre-coding matrix in the above-mentioned code book for uplink signal transmission) is sent to control
Downlink signal is transmitted.Otherwise, as the reverse process of precoding processing, processor 21 can be by that will be stored in memory 22
In down link signal receive information (for example, down link signal) be multiplied by same pre-coding matrix Hermitian matrix make
For the pre-coding matrix used in UE 20, handled to control signal reception.
Meanwhile the processor explained below about UE 20 (or BS 10), it is sent especially with SC-FDMA schemes
The detailed description of the structure of signal.It is explained below to be used to send signal based on the SC-FDMA schemes in 3GPP LTE systems
Processor and processor for sending signal based on the OFDM schemes in 3GPP LTE systems, and it is explained below for making
UE sends the processor of uplink signal using SC-FDMA schemes and MIMO scheme.
Figure 11 and Figure 12 shows for the SC-FDMA schemes of transmission uplink signal in 3GPP LTE systems and is used for
The OFDMA schemes of down link signal are sent in 3GPP LTE systems.
It with reference to figure 11, is applied not only to send the UE of uplink signal, and the base station for sending down link signal
(BS) include：Serial-parallel converter 401, subcarrier mapper 403, M point IDFT modules 404, parallel-serial converter 405 etc..So
And the UE that signal is sent using SC-FDMA schemes further comprises N points DFT block 402, and compensate M point IDFT modules 404
Predetermined portions IDFT processing influence so that send signal can have single carrier feature.
Figure 12 shows the frame that the uplink signal specified in the TS 36.211 including 3GPP LTE system specifications is handled
Relationship between figure and the processor for using SC-FDMA schemes transmission signal.According to TS 36.211, each UE uses specific
Scrambler sequence carries out scrambler to sending signal, and to send uplink signal, and the signal after scrambler is modulated so that generates
Complex symbol.Hereafter, the transformation precoding that DFT spread processings are carried out to complex symbol is executed.That is, being provided in TS 36.211
Transformation precoder can correspond to N point DFT blocks.Hereafter, by resource element mapper, according to based on resource block (RB)
Mapping ruler, DFT spread-spectrum signals can be mapped to specific resource element, and will recognize, this operation corresponds to
Subcarrier mapper shown in Figure 11.M points are carried out to the signal for mapping to resource element by SC-FDMA signal generator
IDFT or IFFT processing executes parallel-serial converter to IDFT or IFFT handling results, cyclic prefix (CP) is then added to P/S
Transformation result.
Meanwhile Figure 12 further illustrates the processor of base station (BS), which passes through above-mentioned processing for receiving
Received signal in a base station.
In this way, for carrying out the processor of SC-FDMA transmission in 3GPP LTE systems not including the use of MIMO scheme
Structure.So that description carried out to the BS processors of MIMO transmission in 3GPP LTE systems first, and then pass through description
The processor of uplink signal is sent using the above BS processors combination SC-FDMA schemes and MIMO scheme.
Figure 13 is the place for showing that base station (BS) is made to send down link signal using MIMO scheme in 3GPP LTE systems
Manage the block diagram of device.
Base station (BS) in 3GPP LTE systems can send one or more code words via downlink.To which this one
A or multiple code words can pass through scrambler module 301 and modulation in a manner of identical with uplink operation shown in Figure 12
Mapper 302 is treated as complex symbol.Hereafter, complex symbol is mapped to multiple layers by layer mapper 303, and each
Layer is multiplied by the predetermined pre-coding matrix selected according to channel status, is then assigned to each transmission by precoding module 304
Antenna.Each antenna treated send that signal is mapped to by resource element mapper 305 will be when data be sent
M- frequency resource elements.Hereafter, after by OFDMA signal generators 306, the result of mapping can be via each antenna
And it sends.
However, if using down link signal scheme, PAPR or CM shown in Figure 13 in 3GPP LTE systems
Characteristic deteriorates.Therefore, UE must be effectively combined the SC- of the good PAPR and CM performances of holding described in Figure 11 and Figure 12
MIMO scheme shown in FDMA schemes and Figure 13, and must construct using can be maintained at good described in above example
The pre-coding matrixes of good PAPR and CM characteristics executes the UE of precoding.
According to one embodiment of present invention, it is assumed that the UE packets of uplink signal are sent via mutiple antennas (multiple antennas)
Include the mutiple antennas (not shown) for sending and receiving signal.With reference to figure 10, UE 20 includes：Storage for storing code book
Device 22 and mutiple antennas (not shown) and memory 22 are connected to handle the processor 21 of uplink signal transmission.
In this case, the code book being stored in memory 22 includes each being sent to single layer signal in mutiple antennas
Mode and the pre-coding matrix established.The processor 21 of the UE of above-mentioned configuration described in detail below.
Figure 14 shows processor according to an embodiment of the invention.
With reference to figure 14, the processor of UE 20 according to an embodiment of the invention includes：Code word to layer mapper 1401,
Layer for uplink signal to be mapped to predetermined quantity corresponding with specific order；The DFT block 1402 of predetermined quantity, is used for
Each of layer signal to predetermined quantity executes Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and spreads；And precoder 1043.Precoding
Device 1043 selects the specific pre-coding matrix established in such a way that a layer signal is sent to each antenna 1405, so as to right
The DFT received from DFT block 1402 spreads obtained layer signal and carries out precoding.Particularly, in this implementation of the present invention
In example, each DFT block 1402 executes the spread spectrum of each layer signal, this DFT mould for being spread to each layer signal
Block 1402 is placed exactly in before precoder 1043.When precoder 1043 executes precoding, precoder 1403 is configured
At making each layer signal be mapped to an antenna, then sent via mapped antenna, so that keeping each layer
The single carrier feature of signal, and keep good PAPR and CM characteristics.Meanwhile UE 20 further comprises sending module.It sends
Module executes the processing that SC-FDMA symbols are constructed based on precoded signal, and will be obtained pre- via mutiple antennas 1405
Encoded signal is sent to base station (BS).
Meanwhile precoder 1403 is selected from the code book being stored in memory 22 by the precoding for signal transmission
Matrix, and precoding is executed to selected pre-coding matrix.Preferably, these pre-coding matrixes can be set up for equilibrium
The pre-coding matrix of the transmission power of mutiple antennas and/or the transmission power of each layer.
The quantity of mutiple antennas 1045 can be 2 or 4.The processor of UE according to an embodiment of the invention can be into one
Step not only executes the layer conversion function for periodically or non-periodically changing the layer for mapping to certain code word, but also executes use
In the antenna conversion function for periodically or non-periodically changing the antenna for sending specific layer signal.Layer conversion function can with it is pre-
The precoding of encoder 1403 separately by layer mapper 1401 execute, or can also when precoder 1403 execute it is pre-
It is executed by the column permutation of pre-coding matrix when coding.In addition, antenna conversion function can also be pre- with precoder 1403
Coding separately executes, or can also be executed by the line replacement of pre-coding matrix.
Exemplary embodiments described above are the combinations of the element and feature of the present invention.Unless otherwise mentioned, otherwise element
Or feature is considered optionally.In the case where not combined with other elements or feature, may be implemented each element or
Feature.Moreover, the embodiment of the present invention can be constructed by built-up section element and/or feature.In the embodiment of the present invention
Described in operation order can rearrange.Some structures or feature of any one embodiment can be included in another reality
It applies in example, and can be replaced with the corresponding construction of another embodiment or feature.It is apparent that the present invention can be embodied
For in the following claims do not have clear adduction relationship claim combination, or may include submit after change
New claim.
The embodiment of the present invention can be realized by a variety of devices, for example, hardware, firmware, software or its combination.Hard
In part configuration, the embodiment of the present invention can pass through one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), digital signal processor
(DSP), digital signal processing appts (DSPD), programmable logic device (PLD), field programmable gate array (FPGA), processing
The realizations such as device, controller, microcontroller, microprocessor.
In firmware or software configuration, the embodiment of the present invention can by execute above-mentioned functions or operations module, into
The realizations such as journey, function.Software code can be stored in memory cell and be driven by processor.Memory cell can be with
Inside or outside processor, and processor can be sent data to via a variety of known devices and from processor
Receive data.
Being apparent to those skilled in the art is, without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention may be used
With many modifications may be made in the present invention and changes.To, foregoing detailed description be considered as being for illustration purposes only without
It is limitation purpose.The scope of the present invention must determine by the reasonable analysis of claim, and in the equivalent scope of the present invention
All modifications be included within the scope of the invention.It should be evident that the present invention can be embodied in methods that in appended right
The combination of claim without clear adduction relationship in it is required that, or may include that the new right changed after application is submitted is wanted
It asks.
From the above description, it is apparent that the present invention can be while sending uplink signal using MIMO scheme
Keep PAPR or CM characteristics.
In addition, the present invention consistently controls or regulates antenna/layer transmission power, minimize needed for precoding matrix information
Signaling overheads, and obtain maximum diversity gain.
Present invention can apply to wideband wireless mobile communication systems.
It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that can the spirit or scope of the present invention not departed from
In the case of many modifications may be made in the present invention and change.Therefore, this invention is intended to cover the modifications and changes of the present invention, as long as
They fall into the range of appended claims and its equivalent.
Claims (8)
1. one kind is sent out for sending device using SC-FDMA MIMO (he Single Carrier-Frequency Division multiple access access multiple-input and multiple-output) scheme
The method for the number of delivering letters, the method includes：
The signal that predetermined constant value carrys out 2 layers of precoding is multiplied by by using specific pre-coding matrix P, whereinAlso, " X " and " Y " is selected among { 1, j, -1,-j }；And
The signal of the precoding is sent to reception device via 4 transmission antennas.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the specific pre-coding matrix P is multiplied by the predetermined constant value by table
It is shown as P ',
Wherein, " k " indicates the predetermined constant value.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the specific pre-coding matrix P is selected from 2 code book of order, and
Wherein, the number of the pre-coding matrix of 2 code book of the order is 16.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the signal is uplink signal, the sending device is user
Equipment (UE) and the reception device are base station (BS).
5. one kind using SC-FDMA MIMO (he Single Carrier-Frequency Division multiple access access multiple-input and multiple-output) scheme for sending signal
Device, described device include：
Multiple transmission antennas, for sending signal；
Memory, the code book for storing all orders；And
Processor is connected to the multiple transmission antenna and the memory, to handle the transmission of the signal,
Wherein, be stored in 2 code book of order among the code book in the memory have from
The pre-coding matrix P of selection,
Wherein, " X " and " Y " is selected among { 1, j, -1,-j }.
6. device according to claim 5, wherein the processor is configured to be multiplied by using the pre-coding matrix P
Predetermined constant value is for signal described in precoding.
7. device according to claim 5, wherein the number of the pre-coding matrix of 2 code book of the order is 16.
8. device according to claim 5, wherein described device is configured to operate as user equipment (UE) operation to send
Uplink signal.
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| KR1020080132994A KR20100019929A (en) | 2008-08-11 | 2008-12-24 | A method for designing a sc-fdma mimo codebook |
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| KR1020090073606A KR101612103B1 (en) | 2008-08-11 | 2009-08-11 | Method and Apparatus For Transmitting Uplink Signals Using Multi-Antenna |
| CN200980131273.7A CN102119494B (en) | 2008-08-11 | 2009-08-11 | Multiple antennas is used to send the method and apparatus of uplink signal |
| KR10-2009-0073606 | 2009-08-11 |
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| CN201510594141.5A Active CN105141348B (en) | 2008-08-11 | 2009-08-11 | The method and apparatus that uplink signal is sent using multiple antennas |
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| CN200980131273.7A Active CN102119494B (en) | 2008-08-11 | 2009-08-11 | Multiple antennas is used to send the method and apparatus of uplink signal |
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| JP5814394B2 (en) | 2015-11-17 |
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| CA2731210C (en) | 2014-11-25 |
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| JP6196268B2 (en) | 2017-09-13 |
| KR101612103B1 (en) | 2016-04-26 |
| CN105141348A (en) | 2015-12-09 |
| ES2576728T3 (en) | 2016-07-11 |
| KR20100019929A (en) | 2010-02-19 |
| JP2011530207A (en) | 2011-12-15 |
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