CN105185987B - Positive electrode and lithium rechargeable battery - Google Patents
Positive electrode and lithium rechargeable battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN105185987B CN105185987B CN201410233927.XA CN201410233927A CN105185987B CN 105185987 B CN105185987 B CN 105185987B CN 201410233927 A CN201410233927 A CN 201410233927A CN 105185987 B CN105185987 B CN 105185987B
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- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of positive electrode and lithium rechargeable battery.The positive electrode includes cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2And iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFe (LCO)xMn1‑xPO4(LFMP), wherein, 0<x≤0.4;The iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1‑xPO4With the cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2Mass ratio be m, and 0<m≤0.45;The iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1‑xPO4For the polycrystalline particle with olivine structural;The cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2For the polycrystalline particle with layer structure;The iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1‑xPO4Polycrystalline particle average grain diameter D50 be less than the cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle average grain diameter D50, and the iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1‑ xPO4Polycrystalline particle be filled in the cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle between.The lithium rechargeable battery includes aforementioned positive electrode material.Lithium rechargeable battery of the present invention has high voltage platform and high energy density, while having good high rate performance, cycle performance and security performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cell art, more particularly to a kind of positive electrode and lithium rechargeable battery.
Background technology
With traffic, communication and information industry develop rapidly and energy crisis increasingly serious, electric car and each
Plant portable set and active demand is proposed to high performance alternative energy.Lithium rechargeable battery is used as a kind of chemical-electrical
Source, because turning into the ideal chose of alternative energy with energy density height, good cycle and the low advantage of self-discharge rate.
Lithium rechargeable battery is while possessing many advantages, and energy density, security, production cost and cycle life turn into system
About its development key factor.And the positive electrode of above-mentioned factor and lithium rechargeable battery and negative material is physical
Matter, chemical property, electrochemical properties and its compatibility with electrolyte are closely related.Wherein, positive electrode is to lithium ion two
The influence of the performance of primary cell is especially pronounced.Therefore, exploitation is with high power capacity, low cost, security be good, compatible strong positive pole
Material, as one of key of performance for improving lithium rechargeable battery.
At present, the positive electrode of conventional lithium rechargeable battery mainly includes three kinds:LiM with spinel structure2O4
(M=Co, Ni, Mn etc.), layer structure lithium-containing transition metal oxide LiMO2(M=Mn, Co, Ni etc.) and olivine knot
The phosphoric acid lithium salts LiMPO of structure4(M=Fe, Mn, Co, Ni etc.).The LiM of spinel structure2O4Typical Representative be LiMn2O4,
LiMn2O4Synthesize simple, cheap, high rate performance and have a safety feature, but due to electric discharge latter stage Mn3+The hair of disproportionation
The high oxidative Mn that the raw, aggravation of John-Teller effects and latter stage of charging occur4+The decomposition of electrolyte can be triggered, and then
The capacity of lithium rechargeable battery is caused to be decayed rapidly, the particularly decay during high temperature circulation is more notable.In addition,
LiMn2O4Actual gram volume it is relatively low, further limit the application of lithium rechargeable battery.The gold of transition containing lithium of layer structure
Belong to oxide LiMO2Typical Representative be LiCoO2(LCO), LCO synthesis is simple, technology maturation, gram volume are high, energy density is big,
Good rate capability, is most long, widest in area positive electrode of current commercial applications time, but the Co elements price in LCO it is high,
Toxicity is big, and the heat endurances of LCO in itself are relatively low, security performance is poor, therefore LCO is mainly used in the secondary electricity of small lithium ion
Chi Zhong, and in large-scale lithium rechargeable battery, especially in terms of the electrokinetic cell of high-energy-density and high power capacity is needed
Using being greatly limited.The phosphoric acid lithium salts LiMPO of olivine structural4Typical Representative be LiFePO4, LiFePO4Have
Higher available gram volume, security, heat endurance, preferable cycle performance and relatively low cost, and it is environmentally safe,
Make it that there is huge application prospect in terms of large-scale lithium rechargeable battery.But LiFePO4Electrical conductivity, tap density with
And compacted density is relatively low, be unfavorable for obtain high-energy-density lithium rechargeable battery, thus limit its small-sized lithium from
Application in terms of sub- secondary cell and electrokinetic cell.
LiFexMn1-xPO4(LFMP) as a kind of emerging olivine structural material, LiFePO is had concurrently4And LiMnPO4's
Advantage, with higher energy density, higher security performance and preferable cycle performance.Simultaneously LFMP it is with low cost, with
The compatibility of electrolyte is good, with higher available gram volume (>150mAh/g) and higher working voltage platform.In addition,
Modified by carbon coating etc., LFMP can also obtain preferable high rate performance.But LFMP tap density and compacted density compared with
It is low, cause its energy density relatively low.
In addition, the particle size of particle can also influence the performance of lithium rechargeable battery.The smaller LCO of particle diameter is in identical electricity
The de- lithium of pressure is more, causes that its structural stability is poor, electrolyte consumption increase.And the larger LCO decapacitation of particle diameter is obtained
Outside higher structural stability and heat endurance, also help and realize larger compacted density, so that it is close to obtain higher energy
Degree and bigger available gram volume, but the ability that lithium rechargeable battery adsorbs electrolyte can be reduced, cause lithium ion secondary
The generation for liquid behavior that battery is swollen.
The content of the invention
In view of problem present in background technology, present invention aims at provide a kind of positive electrode and lithium ion secondary electricity
Pond, the lithium rechargeable battery has high voltage platform and high energy density, at the same have good high rate performance,
Cycle performance and security performance.
To achieve these goals, in the first aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of positive electrode, it includes cobalt
Sour lithium LiCoO2And iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFe (LCO)xMn1-xPO4(LFMP), wherein, 0<x≤0.4;The iron manganese phosphate for lithium
LiFexMn1-xPO4With the cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2Mass ratio be m, and 0<m≤0.45;The iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1- xPO4For the polycrystalline particle with olivine structural;The cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2For the polycrystalline particle with layer structure;The phosphorus
Sour ferromanganese lithium LiFexMn1-xPO4Polycrystalline particle average grain diameter D50 be less than the cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle it is flat
Equal particle diameter D50, and the iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1-xPO4Polycrystalline particle be filled in the cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2Polycrystalline
Between grain.
In the second aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of lithium rechargeable battery, it includes:Negative plate, including
Negative current collector, it is arranged on negative current collector and the cathode membrane comprising negative material;Positive plate, including plus plate current-collecting body,
It is arranged at the positive pole diaphragm on plus plate current-collecting body and comprising positive electrode;Barrier film, is interval between negative plate and positive plate;With
And electrolyte.Wherein, the positive electrode is the positive electrode according to first aspect present invention.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
1. the LiFe of the present inventionxMn1-xPO4Polycrystalline particle have higher porosity and specific surface area, have with electrolyte
Stronger compatibility, is filled with LiCoO larger average grain diameter D502Polycrystalline particle between, positive pole material can be effectively improved
The electrolyte adsorbance of material, while high rate performance, the cycle performance of lithium rechargeable battery is improved, and does not produce liquid change of rising
Shape etc. is damaged, so as to improve the security performance of lithium rechargeable battery.
2. the LiCoO of the present invention2Average grain diameter D50 it is larger, higher structural stability and heat endurance can be obtained, had
Beneficial to larger compacted density is realized, so as to improve the energy density of positive electrode.In addition, LiFexMn1-xPO4For LiCoO2
The expansion produced during Li insertion extraction/contraction provides certain cushion space, can also make up LiFexMn1-xPO4In compacted density
The deficiency of aspect, reduces its influence to maximum system energy density, so as to improve Stability Analysis of Structures of the positive electrode in cyclic process
Property.
3. the LiFe of the present inventionxMn1-xPO4With higher heat endurance and chemical stability, it can effectively reduce and store
Electrolyte is alleviated in the generation rate of the side reactions such as the oxidation Decomposition of pole piece and BES is in cyclic process in journey
Consumption, so as to improve the storage performance of lithium rechargeable battery, and greatly improve the security performance of lithium rechargeable battery.
4. the LiFe of the present inventionxMn1-xPO4It is with low cost, it can effectively reduce the cost of the raw material of lithium rechargeable battery
Expenditure, it is easy to accomplish industrialization.
Embodiment
The following detailed description of the positive electrode according to the present invention and lithium rechargeable battery and embodiment, comparative example and survey
Test result.
Illustrate positive electrode according to a first aspect of the present invention first.
Positive electrode according to a first aspect of the present invention includes cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2And iron manganese phosphate for lithium (LCO)
LiFexMn1-xPO4(LFMP), wherein, 0<x≤0.4;The iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1-xPO4With the cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2's
Mass ratio is m, and 0<m≤0.45;The iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1-xPO4For the polycrystalline particle with olivine structural;Institute
State cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2For the polycrystalline particle with layer structure;The iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1-xPO4Polycrystalline particle
Average grain diameter D50 is less than the cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle average grain diameter D50, and the iron manganese phosphate for lithium
LiFexMn1-xPO4Polycrystalline particle be filled in the cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle between.
In positive electrode described according to a first aspect of the present invention, x preferably can be 0.25≤x≤0.4.Within this range
It can guarantee that iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1-xPO4With cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2With close voltage platform (3.7V), so as to ensure to make
Power output with its lithium rechargeable battery is constant.If x>0.4, then iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1-xPO4Voltage platform
(3.2V) is far below cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2Voltage platform (3.7V).
In positive electrode described according to a first aspect of the present invention, the iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1-xPO4Polycrystalline
Particle can be secondary polycrystalline particle.
In positive electrode described according to a first aspect of the present invention, the iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1-xPO4It is secondary
Polycrystalline particle can be oblate spheroid, elliposoidal or spherical.
In positive electrode described according to a first aspect of the present invention, the iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1-xPO4It is secondary
Polycrystalline particle can have porous network structure.LiFexMn1-xPO4Porous network structure can make it have larger available gram and hold
Amount and higher working voltage platform, and can be with LiCoO2Match, so as to ensure LiCoO2Advantage in energy density.
In addition, can also pass through LiFexMn1-xPO4Higher discharge platform improve the discharge potential of positive electrode, reduce positive electrode
The polarization impedance on surface, makes up LiFexMn1-xPO4Deficiency in energy density, makes lithium rechargeable battery have higher energy
The cycle life of metric density and length.
In positive electrode described according to a first aspect of the present invention, the iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1-xPO4It is secondary
The average grain diameter D50 of polycrystalline particle can be 2.5 μm~15 μm.
In positive electrode described according to a first aspect of the present invention, the iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1-xPO4It is secondary
The average grain diameter D50 of polycrystalline particle can be 7 μm~8 μm.
In positive electrode described according to a first aspect of the present invention, the iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1-xPO4It is secondary
The specific surface area BET of polycrystalline particle can be 10m2/ g~30m2/g。
In positive electrode described according to a first aspect of the present invention, the iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1-xPO4It is secondary
The specific surface area BET of polycrystalline particle can be 20m2/g。
In positive electrode described according to a first aspect of the present invention, the cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle be averaged
Particle diameter D50 can be 5 μm~20 μm.
In positive electrode described according to a first aspect of the present invention, the cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle be averaged
Particle diameter D50 can be 9 μm~10 μm.
In positive electrode described according to a first aspect of the present invention, the cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle ratio table
Area B ET can be 0.1m2/ g~0.6m2/g。
In positive electrode described according to a first aspect of the present invention, the cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle ratio table
Area B ET can be 0.5m2/g。
In positive electrode described according to a first aspect of the present invention, the iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1-xPO4Polycrystalline
Particle is in the cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle between distribution mode can be uniformly continuous distribution or uniform discontinuous point
Cloth.
Secondly lithium rechargeable battery according to a second aspect of the present invention is illustrated.
Lithium rechargeable battery according to a second aspect of the present invention, including:Negative plate, including negative current collector, be arranged at
On negative current collector and the cathode membrane comprising negative material;Positive plate, including plus plate current-collecting body, be arranged on plus plate current-collecting body
And the positive pole diaphragm comprising positive electrode;Barrier film, is interval between negative plate and positive plate;And electrolyte.The positive pole
Material is the positive electrode according to first aspect present invention.
In lithium rechargeable battery described according to a second aspect of the present invention, the negative material may be selected from graphite, silicon,
One kind in Si oxide, graphite/silicon, graphite/Si oxide, graphite/silicon/Si oxide.
In lithium rechargeable battery described according to a second aspect of the present invention, the plus plate current-collecting body can be Al paper tinsels.
Next explanation is according to the positive electrode of the present invention and the embodiment and comparative example of lithium rechargeable battery.Its
In, LiCoO2From Hunan Ruixiang New Material Co., Ltd, LiFexMn1-xPO4From the limited public affairs of the great first material science and technology in Hubei
Department.
Embodiment 1
1. prepare the positive plate of lithium rechargeable battery
LiCoO will be included2And LiFe0.25Mn0.75PO4Positive electrode (wherein, LiFe0.25Mn0.75PO4And LiCoO2Matter
Amount is than being 0.05;LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle average grain diameter D50 be 13 μm, specific surface area BET be 0.5m2/g;
LiFe0.25Mn0.75PO4Polycrystalline particle be oblate spheroid secondary polycrystalline particle, the average grain diameter D50 of polycrystalline particle is 7.5 μm,
Specific surface area BET is 20m2/g;LiFe0.25Mn0.75PO4Polycrystalline particle in LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle between uniformly continuous point
Cloth), binding agent PVDF, conductive agent Super-P and solvent NMP in mass ratio 21.8:1.6:1.6:It 75.0 is mixed evenly,
Anode sizing agent is made, then anode sizing agent is uniformly coated on positive and negative two surfaces of plus plate current-collecting body Al paper tinsels and dried, is obtained
To positive pole diaphragm, afterwards by cold pressing, section, soldering polar ear, the positive plate of lithium rechargeable battery is obtained.
2. prepare the negative plate of lithium rechargeable battery
By negative material Delanium, binding agent SBR/CMC, conductive agent carbon black in mass ratio 92.5:6:1.5 are dissolved in solvent
In deionized water, stir and cathode size is made, the negative current collector Cu paper tinsels for being then uniformly coated on cathode size are just
On anti-two surfaces and dry, obtain cathode membrane, afterwards by cold pressing, section, soldering polar ear, obtain lithium rechargeable battery
Negative plate.
3. prepare the electrolyte of lithium rechargeable battery
By LiPF6With non-aqueous organic solvent (ethylene carbonate:Diethyl carbonate:Methyl ethyl carbonate:Ethenylidene carbon
Acid esters=8:85:5:2, mass ratio) with 8:The solution that 92 mass ratio is formulated as lithium rechargeable battery electrolyte.
4. prepare lithium rechargeable battery
After the positive plate of preparation, PE barrier films and negative plate are wound, naked battery core is obtained, then welded by terminal,
Aluminium foil encapsulation, injection electrolyte, chemical conversion, pumping shaping obtain lithium rechargeable battery.
Embodiment 2
Method according to embodiment 1 prepares lithium rechargeable battery, is simply preparing the positive plate of lithium rechargeable battery
The step of (i.e. step 1) in, LiFe0.25Mn0.75PO4And LiCoO2Mass ratio be 0.10, LiFe0.25Mn0.75PO4Average grain
Footpath D50 is 10.0 μm, specific surface area BET is 15m2/g。
Embodiment 3
Method according to embodiment 1 prepares lithium rechargeable battery, is simply preparing the positive plate of lithium rechargeable battery
The step of (i.e. step 1) in, LiFe0.25Mn0.75PO4And LiCoO2Mass ratio be 0.20;LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle be averaged
Particle diameter D50 is 20 μm, specific surface area BET is 0.3m2/g;LiFe0.25Mn0.75PO4Average grain diameter D50 for 15.0 μm, compare surface
Product BET is 10m2/g。
Embodiment 4
Method according to embodiment 1 prepares lithium rechargeable battery, is simply preparing the positive plate of lithium rechargeable battery
The step of (i.e. step 1) in, LiFe0.25Mn0.75PO4And LiCoO2Mass ratio be 0.30.
Embodiment 5
Method according to embodiment 1 prepares lithium rechargeable battery, is simply preparing the positive plate of lithium rechargeable battery
The step of (i.e. step 1) in, LiFe0.25Mn0.75PO4And LiCoO2Mass ratio be 0.45.
Embodiment 6
Method according to embodiment 1 prepares lithium rechargeable battery, is simply preparing the positive plate of lithium rechargeable battery
The step of (i.e. step 1) in, positive electrode include LiCoO2And LiFe0.10Mn0.90PO4.Wherein, LiFe0.10Mn0.90PO4With
LiCoO2Mass ratio be 0.30;LiFe0.10Mn0.90PO4Polycrystalline particle be oblate spheroid secondary polycrystalline particle.
Embodiment 7
Method according to embodiment 1 prepares lithium rechargeable battery, is simply preparing the positive plate of lithium rechargeable battery
The step of (i.e. step 1) in, positive electrode include LiCoO2And LiFe0.20Mn0.80PO4.Wherein, LiFe0.20Mn0.80PO4With
LiCoO2Mass ratio be 0.30;LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle average grain diameter D50 be 20 μm, specific surface area BET be 0.3m2/g;
LiFe0.20Mn0.80PO4Polycrystalline particle be elliposoidal secondary polycrystalline particle;LiFe0.20Mn0.80PO4Polycrystalline particle exist
LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle between it is uniform discontinuously arranged.
Embodiment 8
Method according to embodiment 1 prepares lithium rechargeable battery, is simply preparing the positive plate of lithium rechargeable battery
The step of (i.e. step 1) in, positive electrode include LiCoO2And LiFe0.30Mn0.70PO4.Wherein, LiFe0.30Mn0.70PO4With
LiCoO2Mass ratio be 0.30;LiFe0.30Mn0.70PO4Polycrystalline particle be elliposoidal secondary polycrystalline particle;
LiFe0.30Mn0.70PO4Polycrystalline particle in LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle between it is uniform discontinuously arranged.
Embodiment 9
Method according to embodiment 1 prepares lithium rechargeable battery, is simply preparing the positive plate of lithium rechargeable battery
The step of (i.e. step 1) in, positive electrode include LiCoO2And LiFe0.40Mn0.60PO4.Wherein, LiFe0.40Mn0.60PO4With
LiCoO2Mass ratio be 0.30;LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle average grain diameter D50 be 15 μm, specific surface area BET be 0.4m2/g;
LiFe0.40Mn0.60PO4Polycrystalline particle be elliposoidal secondary polycrystalline particle;LiFe0.40Mn0.60PO4Polycrystalline particle exist
LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle between it is uniform discontinuously arranged.
Embodiment 10
Method according to embodiment 1 prepares lithium rechargeable battery, is simply preparing the positive plate of lithium rechargeable battery
The step of (i.e. step 1) in, positive electrode include LiCoO2And LiFe0.30Mn0.70PO4.Wherein, LiFe0.30Mn0.70PO4With
LiCoO2Mass ratio be 0.30;LiFe0.30Mn0.70PO4Polycrystalline particle for elliposoidal secondary polycrystalline particle and with porous
Network structure, the average grain diameter D50 of polycrystalline particle is 7.5 μm, specific surface area BET is 25m2/g;LiFe0.30Mn0.70PO4It is many
Brilliant particle is in LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle between it is uniform discontinuously arranged.
Comparative example 1
Method according to embodiment 1 prepares lithium rechargeable battery, is simply preparing the positive plate of lithium rechargeable battery
The step of (i.e. step 1) in, positive electrode is LiCoO2, LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle average grain diameter D50 for 13 μm, compare surface
Product BET is 0.5m2/g。
Comparative example 2
Method according to embodiment 1 prepares lithium rechargeable battery, is simply preparing the positive plate of lithium rechargeable battery
The step of (i.e. step 1) in, positive electrode is LiFe0.25Mn0.75PO4, LiFe0.25Mn0.75PO4Polycrystalline particle average grain diameter
D50 is 7.5 μm, specific surface area BET is 20m2/g。
Comparative example 3
Method according to embodiment 1 prepares lithium rechargeable battery, is simply preparing the positive plate of lithium rechargeable battery
The step of (i.e. step 1) in, positive electrode include LiCoO2And LiFe0.50Mn0.50PO4.Wherein, LiFe0.50Mn0.50PO4With
LiCoO2Mass ratio be 0.30;LiFe0.50Mn0.50PO4Polycrystalline particle be oblate spheroid secondary polycrystalline particle, and polycrystalline
The average grain diameter D50 of grain is 7.5 μm, specific surface area BET is 20m2/g;LiFe0.50Mn0.50PO4Polycrystalline particle in LiCoO2's
Uniformly continuous is distributed between polycrystalline particle.
Finally illustrate the test process and test result of the lithium rechargeable battery and its positive electrode according to the present invention.
1. the specific surface area BET tests of positive electrode
2g or so powder is scraped from embodiment 1-10 and comparative example 1-3 positive pole diaphragm and loads the sample of known weight
Guan Zhong, the sample cell that then will be equipped with powder is put into de-aeration stage and is de-gassed, and removes sample cell after degassing, weighs, and fills
Enter in analysis station, the weight for subtracting sky sample cell with the weight of the sample cell equipped with powder after degassing obtains the accurate of powder
Weight, as parameter input test software, and starts test, you can measure the specific surface area BET of positive electrode.Wherein,
The degassing of powder, the test of the specific surface area of positive electrode and corresponding test result analysis compare surface in NOVA 2000e
Carried out on analyzer.
The available gram volume test of 2 positive plates
Weighed after embodiment 1-10 and comparative example 1-3 positive plate are punched into standard button point pole piece, be then assembled into button
Formula battery, afterwards at 25 DEG C, with 0.1C (185mA) constant-current charges to 4.4V, afterwards with 4.4V constant-voltage charges to 0.02C
(37mA), then with 0.1C (185mA) constant-current discharges to 3.05V, this is charge and discharge cycles process, this is filled for 5 times repeatedly
Discharge cycles, take the average value of the discharge capacity of latter 3 times divided by the weight of standard button point pole piece to hold as available gram of positive plate
Amount.
3. the high rate performance test of lithium rechargeable battery
At 25 DEG C, with 0.5C (925mA) constant-current charges to 4.35V, afterwards with 4.35V constant-voltage charges to 0.05C
(92.5mA), then with 0.5C (925mA) constant-current discharges to 3.0V, obtained discharge capacity is used as lithium rechargeable battery first
Discharge capacity after secondary circulation;Again with 0.5C (925mA) constant-current charges to 4.35V, afterwards with 4.35V constant-voltage charges to 0.05C
(92.5mA), then with 2C (3700mA) constant-current discharges to 3.0V, obtained discharge capacity is used as lithium rechargeable battery second
Discharge capacity after secondary circulation.
Discharge capacity/first time after lithium rechargeable battery 2C/0.5C discharge-rates (%)=second is circulated is circulated
Discharge capacity × 100% afterwards.
4. the cycle performance test of lithium rechargeable battery
At 25 DEG C, with 0.5C (925mA) constant-current charges to 4.35V, afterwards with 4.35V constant-voltage charges to 0.05C
(92.5mA), then with 0.5C (925mA) constant-current discharges to 3.0V, this is charge and discharge cycles process, repeatedly 1000 times this
Plant charge and discharge cycles.
The discharge capacity after the circulation of capability retention (%)=1000th time after the circulation of lithium rechargeable battery 1000 times/
Discharge capacity × 100% after circulating for the first time.
5. the security performance test of lithium rechargeable battery
Every group is randomly selected 5 lithium rechargeable batteries, is completely charged to 4.35V, then carries out standard drift bolt test, the flames of anger
Generation is judged to passing through, and burn the percent of pass on fire for being determined as failure, calculating the standard drift bolt test of lithium rechargeable battery.
Table 1 provides embodiment 1-10 and comparative example 1-3 parameter and the performance test results.
The performance test results to embodiment 1-10 and comparative example 1-3 are analyzed below.
As can be seen that the present invention's is less including average grain diameter D50 from the contrast of embodiment 1-10 and comparative example 1
LiFexMn1-xPO4Polycrystalline particle and the larger LiCoO of average grain diameter D502Polycrystalline particle positive electrode, only include relatively
LiCoO larger average grain diameter D502Polycrystalline particle positive electrode for, the specific surface area of positive electrode can be effectively improved
BET, so as to improve the electrolyte adsorbance of lithium rechargeable battery, and then improve lithium rechargeable battery high rate performance and
Cycle performance, while improving the security performance of lithium rechargeable battery.This is due to the LiFe of the present inventionxMn1-xPO4Polycrystalline
Grain has higher porosity and specific surface area, has stronger compatibility with electrolyte, is filled with larger in average grain diameter D50
LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle between, the electrolyte adsorbance of positive electrode can be effectively improved, improve lithium rechargeable battery
High rate performance, cycle performance while, and do not produce rise liquid deformation etc. infringement, so as to improve the safety of lithium rechargeable battery
Performance.While LiFexMn1-xPO4For LiCoO2The expansion produced during Li insertion extraction/contraction provides certain cushion space,
LiFe can also be made upxMn1-xPO4Deficiency in terms of compacted density, reduces its influence to maximum system energy density, so as to improve just
Structural stability of the pole material in cyclic process.In addition, LiFexMn1-xPO4With higher heat endurance and chemically stable
Property, the generation rate of electrolyte in storing process in side reactions such as the oxidation Decompositions of pole piece can be effectively reduced, and then improve
The storage performance of lithium rechargeable battery, and greatly improve the security performance of lithium rechargeable battery.
As can be seen that the present invention's is less including average grain diameter D50 from the contrast of embodiment 1-10 and comparative example 2
LiFexMn1-xPO4Polycrystalline particle and the larger LiCoO of average grain diameter D502Polycrystalline particle positive electrode, only include relatively
The less LiFe of average grain diameter D50xMn1-xPO4Polycrystalline particle positive electrode for, can make lithium rechargeable battery have compared with
Good high rate performance, cycle performance and security performance, while also making positive electrode that there is higher available gram volume.This be by
In LiCoO2Average grain diameter D50 it is larger, higher structural stability and heat endurance can be obtained, larger pressure is advantageously implemented
Real density, so as to improve the energy density of positive electrode.
As can be seen that fixed LiFe from embodiment 1-5 contrastxMn1-xPO4X be 0.25, LiFexMn1-xPO4With
LiCoO2Mass ratio m value increase to 0.45 from 0.05.Work as m<When 0.20, i.e. LiFexMn1-xPO4Content it is relatively low when it is (real
Apply a 1-2), although lithium rechargeable battery is tested without 100% by standard drift bolt, compared with comparative example 1, its security
It can greatly improve;As 0.20≤m≤0.45, i.e. LiFexMn1-xPO4Content it is higher when (embodiment 3-5), use this hair
The lithium rechargeable battery of bright positive electrode 100% can be tested by standard drift bolt.Work as m<When 0.20 (embodiment 1-2),
Kept using the capacity after the 2C/0.5C discharge-rates of the lithium rechargeable battery of the positive electrode of the present invention and 1000 circulations
Rate is also all relatively low;As 0.20≤m≤0.45 (embodiment 3-5), the lithium rechargeable battery of the positive electrode of the present invention is used
2C/0.5C discharge-rates and 1000 times circulation after capability retention it is all higher.
As can be seen that fixed LiFe from embodiment 6-9 contrastxMn1-xPO4With LiCoO2Mass ratio m be 0.30,
LiFexMn1-xPO4Middle x value increases to 0.40 from 0.10, and now lithium rechargeable battery energy 100% is surveyed by standard drift bolt
Examination.But in embodiment 6 and embodiment 7, due to LiFexMn1-xPO4Middle x is smaller so that LiFexMn1-xPO4Ionic conductance
Rate and electronic conductivity are all relatively low, so that the capacity after the 2C/0.5C discharge-rates of lithium rechargeable battery and 1000 circulations
Conservation rate is all relatively low, it is impossible to while obtaining security performance, high rate performance and all preferable lithium rechargeable battery of cycle performance.
In embodiment 8-9, due to LiFexMn1-xPO4In x it is larger so that LiFexMn1-xPO4Ionic conductivity and electronic conductance
Rate is all higher, so that the capability retention after the 2C/0.5C discharge-rates of lithium rechargeable battery and 1000 circulations is all higher,
Therefore all preferable lithium rechargeable battery of security performance, high rate performance and cycle performance can be obtained simultaneously.But work as
LiFexMn1-xPO4In x it is excessive when, as shown in comparative example 3, x is 0.50, now LiFexMn1-xPO4Middle voltage platform is 3.2V
LiFePO4Content it is excessive, cause LiFexMn1-xPO4High rate performance and the advantage of capability retention gradually reduce, therefore
The high rate performance and cycle performance of lithium rechargeable battery are all poor.
As can be seen that the LiFe with porous network structure from the contrast of embodiment 8 and embodiment 10xMn1-xPO4Just
Pole material has higher BET, and the available gram volume of positive plate is higher, while the cycle performance of lithium rechargeable battery is also obtained
Improve.This is due to LiFexMn1-xPO4Porous network structure can make it have larger available gram volume and higher
Working voltage platform, and can be with LiCoO2Match, so as to ensure LiCoO2Advantage in energy density.In addition, can also pass through
LiFexMn1-xPO4Higher discharge platform improve the discharge potential of positive electrode, the polarization resistance on reduction positive electrode surface
It is anti-, make up LiFexMn1-xPO4Deficiency in energy density, make lithium rechargeable battery have higher energy density and compared with
Long cycle life.
The embodiment 1-10 of table 1 and comparative example 1-3 parameter and the performance test results
Claims (15)
1. a kind of positive electrode, it is characterised in that
The positive electrode includes cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2And iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1-xPO4, wherein, 0<x≤0.4;
The iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1-xPO4With the cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2Mass ratio be m, and 0<m≤0.45;
The iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1-xPO4For the polycrystalline particle with olivine structural;
The cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2For the polycrystalline particle with layer structure;
The iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1-xPO4Polycrystalline particle average grain diameter D50 be less than the cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2It is many
The average grain diameter D50 of brilliant particle, and the iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1-xPO4Polycrystalline particle be filled in the cobalt acid lithium
LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle between.
2. positive electrode according to claim 1, it is characterised in that 0.25≤x≤0.4.
3. positive electrode according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1-xPO4Polycrystalline
Particle is secondary polycrystalline particle.
4. positive electrode according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the secondary polycrystalline particle is oblate spheroid, elliposoidal
Or it is spherical.
5. positive electrode according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the secondary polycrystalline particle has holey knot
Structure.
6. positive electrode according to claim 3, it is characterised in that
The average grain diameter D50 of the secondary polycrystalline particle is 2.5 μm~15 μm;
The specific surface area BET of the secondary polycrystalline particle is 10m2/ g~30m2/g。
7. positive electrode according to claim 6, it is characterised in that
The average grain diameter D50 of the secondary polycrystalline particle is 2.5 μm~15 μm;
The specific surface area BET of the secondary polycrystalline particle is 20m2/g。
8. positive electrode according to claim 6, it is characterised in that
The average grain diameter D50 of the secondary polycrystalline particle is 7 μm~8 μm;
The specific surface area BET of the secondary polycrystalline particle is 10m2/ g~30m2/g。
9. positive electrode according to claim 6, it is characterised in that
The average grain diameter D50 of the secondary polycrystalline particle is 7 μm~8 μm;
The specific surface area BET of the secondary polycrystalline particle is 20m2/g。
10. positive electrode according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle be averaged
Particle diameter D50 is 5 μm~20 μm.
11. positive electrode according to claim 10, it is characterised in that the cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle it is flat
Equal particle diameter D50 is 9 μm~10 μm.
12. positive electrode according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle ratio table
Area B ET is 0.1m2/ g~0.6m2/g。
13. positive electrode according to claim 12, it is characterised in that the cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle ratio
Surface area BET is 0.5m2/g。
14. positive electrode according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the iron manganese phosphate for lithium LiFexMn1-xPO4Polycrystalline
Particle is in the cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2Polycrystalline particle between distribution mode be distributed for uniformly continuous or uniform discontinuously arranged.
15. a kind of lithium rechargeable battery, including:
Negative plate, including negative current collector, be arranged on negative current collector and the cathode membrane comprising negative material;
Positive plate, including plus plate current-collecting body, be arranged on plus plate current-collecting body and the positive pole diaphragm comprising positive electrode;
Barrier film, is interval between negative plate and positive plate;And
Electrolyte;
Characterized in that,
The positive electrode is according to any described positive electrode in claim 1-14.
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US14/723,273 US20150349330A1 (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2015-05-27 | Positive active material and lithium-ion secondary battery |
US16/115,395 US20180366720A1 (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2018-08-28 | Positive active material and lithium-ion secondary battery |
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CN106207114A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-12-07 | 青岛富强新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of low ferrum lithium porous LiFePO4 positive electrode |
CN107359342B (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2019-12-24 | 泓辰电池材料有限公司 | Lithium ferromanganese phosphate particles and lithium ferromanganese phosphate powder |
CN107665983B (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2021-01-12 | 深圳市德方纳米科技股份有限公司 | Lithium ion battery positive electrode material, preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery |
KR102553570B1 (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2023-07-10 | 삼성전자 주식회사 | Cathode active material for lithium ion battery and lithium ion battery comprising the same |
CN109742339B (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2023-05-02 | 江苏海四达电源有限公司 | High-specific-energy ultralow-temperature high-safety polymer lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof |
CN109962221B (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2020-03-17 | 江西星盈科技有限公司 | Composite positive electrode material, positive plate, preparation method of positive plate and lithium ion battery |
CN112864360A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-05-28 | 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 | High-voltage positive pole piece and lithium ion secondary battery containing same |
JP6841362B1 (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2021-03-10 | 住友大阪セメント株式会社 | Positive electrode material for lithium ion secondary batteries, positive electrode for lithium ion secondary batteries and lithium ion secondary batteries |
EP4075538A4 (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2023-01-25 | Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited | Secondary battery and preparation method therefor, and battery module, battery pack and device comprising secondary battery |
CN112133900A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2020-12-25 | 上海华谊(集团)公司 | Positive electrode active material and lithium ion battery containing the same |
CN115863620A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2023-03-28 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Battery anode material and application thereof |
CN114023952B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2023-02-24 | 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 | Positive active material, positive plate and lithium ion battery |
CN115799441B (en) * | 2023-02-10 | 2023-07-14 | 欣旺达电动汽车电池有限公司 | Lithium ion battery and power utilization device |
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CN1320976A (en) * | 2000-04-25 | 2001-11-07 | 索尼株式会社 | Positive electrode and non-aqueous electrolyte cell |
CN1349273A (en) * | 2000-10-05 | 2002-05-15 | 索尼株式会社 | Solid electrolyte cell |
CN101388459A (en) * | 2007-09-11 | 2009-03-18 | 深圳市比克电池有限公司 | Preparation of ferric phosphate composite positive pole |
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