CN105181315B - High intensity wind-power tower bolt state method for early warning in a kind of wind-power electricity generation - Google Patents
High intensity wind-power tower bolt state method for early warning in a kind of wind-power electricity generation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105181315B CN105181315B CN201510563612.6A CN201510563612A CN105181315B CN 105181315 B CN105181315 B CN 105181315B CN 201510563612 A CN201510563612 A CN 201510563612A CN 105181315 B CN105181315 B CN 105181315B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to high intensity wind-power tower bolt state method for early warning in a kind of wind-power electricity generation, is included in the sensor that predetermined quantity is arranged on each layer of flange of the wind-power tower；Load data and vibration data are gathered using the sensor and are sent to data processing division；The data processing division is handled and stored to the data received；According to preset rules to the data analysis, judge whether to need early warning, if so, then sending early warning；Continue to handle the data received if it is not, then returning.By arranging the sensor of predetermined quantity on flange, the method for the embodiment of the present invention is overcome and is unable to the problem of accurate and effective judges bolt state in the prior art, and high intensity wind-power tower bolt status early warning can be realized with lower cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to high intensity wind-power tower bolt state in wind power generation field, more particularly to a kind of wind-power electricity generation is pre-
Alarm method.
Background technology
Wind-power electricity generation is exactly that the kinetic energy kept watch is transformed into mechanical kinetic energy, then mechanical energy is converted into the process of electric energy.Wind-force
Device required for generating electricity, referred to as wind power generating set.Key components and parts are mainly blade, wheel hub, master in wind power generating set
Axle, tower, frame and connection high-strength bolt.
High-strength bolt compared to plain bolt in the case of same specification, has and held as a kind of the most frequently used parts
Loaded big, stress performance is good, endurance and the advantages that be not easy to loosen under dynamic load(loading) effect, is obtained in steel construction wide
General application.Equally, high-strength bolt is largely used in Large-scale Wind Turbines.
The high-strength bolt fatigue of wind-power tower be it is a kind of pulsating stress and strain repeat function under, at bolt one or
The failure mode of cracking or fracture occurs for several places.Fatigue is mechanical damage accumulation, a process for Delay failure.Fatigue includes splitting
Line germinates and two processes of Crack Extension, occurs under the yield strength less than material, the catastrophic failure under without obvious deformation.Example
Such as, wind power generating set Service Environment is complicated and severe, had not only born dynamic load impact but also had born corrosive environment, connecting bolt used
Fatigue fracture is up to 85%, and the dominant failure mode of high-strength bolt is fatigue.
The content of the invention
Technical problem
In the prior art, judge bolt looseness situation, it will usually which a peace is set often through the size of bolt tension
Full threshold value, after bolt fatigue, survey it is bolt strained can change, alarm can be sent during beyond threshold range.But only
Judge that the bolt looseness situation on whole flange does not possess representativeness in theory by the monitoring of single bolt, and to flange
Upper all bolts are all monitored, and do not meet economy principle.In view of this, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to propose
A kind of method for the bolt looseness situation that effectively can be determined using a small amount of sensor in tower.
Solution
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, according to one embodiment of the invention, there is provided high intensity in a kind of wind-power electricity generation
Wind-power tower bolt state method for early warning, including：The sensing of predetermined quantity is arranged on each layer of flange of the wind-power tower
Device；The load data of the sensor is gathered using the sensor and vibration data and is sent to data processing division；The number
The data received are handled and stored according to processing unit；According to preset rules to the data analysis, judge whether
Early warning is needed, if so, then sending early warning；Continue to handle the data received if it is not, then returning.
For the above method, in a kind of possible implementation, the preset rules include：Absolute value decision rule,
When the load data measured value of the sensor exceeds predetermined safe range, then it is judged to needing early warning.
For the above method, in a kind of possible implementation, the load data measured value of the sensor is beyond pre-
Fixed safe range includes：If the load data measured value exceeds the upper limit of the safe range, giving fatigue pre-warning is sent；If
The load data measured value is less than the lower limit of the safe range, then sends loosening early warning.
For the above method, in a kind of possible implementation, the safe range is：Bolt maximum load
70%-80%.
For the above method, in a kind of possible implementation, the preset rules also include：Planar process judges rule
Then, when the load data measured value of the sensor deviates from the load data measured value by sensor remaining described in X, Y
Axle forms Flange Plane and Z axis exceedes predetermined threshold to carry out the plane of projection row in the three-dimensional system of coordinate of load measurement value
When, send loosening early warning.
For the above method, in a kind of possible implementation, the preset rules also include：Times of fatigue judges rule
Then, when the sensor the vibration data exceed vibration life point of inflexion on a curve at corresponding to vibration number when, send tired
Labor early warning.
For the above method, in a kind of possible implementation, the sensor is intelligent bolt, can be monitored in real time
Its load born and current vibration data.
For the above method, in a kind of possible implementation, the predetermined quantity is no less than 4.
For the above method, in a kind of possible implementation, the predetermined quantity owns not less than on the flange
Total 5% of bolt.
Beneficial effect
Pass through the high intensity wind-power tower bolt state method for early warning of the proposition of the present invention, judgement that can be accurate and effective
The loosening of bolt and/or fatigue, and to loosen and/or fatigue state carry out early warning, can avoid due to bolt loosening or
The generation for the accident of falling tower caused by fatigue.
According to below with reference to the accompanying drawings becoming to detailed description of illustrative embodiments, further feature of the invention and aspect
It is clear.
Brief description of the drawings
Comprising in the description and the accompanying drawing of a part for constitution instruction and specification together illustrate the present invention's
Exemplary embodiment, feature and aspect, and for explaining the principle of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows high intensity wind-power tower bolt state method for early warning in wind-power electricity generation according to an embodiment of the invention
Flow chart.
Fig. 2 shows in wind-power electricity generation according to another embodiment of the present invention high intensity wind-power tower bolt looseness state and tired
The flow chart of labor status early warning method.
Fig. 3 shows high intensity wind-power tower bolt looseness status early warning in wind-power electricity generation according to another embodiment of the present invention
The flow chart of method.
Fig. 4 shows high intensity wind-power tower bolt fatigue state early warning in wind-power electricity generation according to another embodiment of the present invention
The flow chart of method.
Fig. 5 shows in wind-power electricity generation according to another embodiment of the present invention high intensity wind-power tower bolt looseness state and tired
The flow chart of labor status early warning method.
Embodiment
Describe various exemplary embodiments, feature and the aspect of the present invention in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing.It is identical in accompanying drawing
Reference represent the same or analogous element of function.Although the various aspects of embodiment are shown in the drawings, remove
Non-specifically point out, it is not necessary to accompanying drawing drawn to scale.
Special word " exemplary " is meant " being used as example, embodiment or illustrative " herein.Here as " exemplary "
Illustrated any embodiment should not necessarily be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.
In addition, in order to better illustrate the present invention, numerous details is given in embodiment below.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that without some details, the present invention can equally be implemented.In some instances, for
Method, means, element and circuit well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail, in order to highlight the purport of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 shows high intensity wind-power tower bolt state method for early warning in wind-power electricity generation according to an embodiment of the invention
Flow chart.As shown in figure 1, methods described mainly includes：
Step S101, the sensor of predetermined quantity is arranged on each layer of flange.
The tower of wind-power electricity generation is to be formed by multistage split cylinder by the bolt connection of flange and high intensity.Every
A number of high-strength bolt is all disposed with the flange of one layer of junction, it is different according to wind-driven generator capacity, flange
Diameter and the high-strength bolt quantity arranged thereon are also different, and the high-strength bolt quantity on each layer of flange is from tens to hundreds of
.It is used as sensor by adding intelligent bolt in high-strength bolt, can utilizing intelligent bolt, monitoring is held thereon in real time
The load of load, and load data passed through wired or be wirelessly sent to data processing division and handled and stored.
Arrange that the particular number of intelligent bolt confirms that its principle is intelligent bolt according to flange diameter and bolt quantity on one layer of flange
The ratio for accounting for all bolts on this layer of flange is not less than 5%, such as arrangement is no less than 4 intelligent bolts on one layer of flange.It is right
It is general using in whole method in order to preferably detect the force-bearing situation of bolt on whole flange in the distribution of intelligent bolt
Equally distributed mode on orchid, can also according to the needs of application scenarios, such as need individually emphasis monitor location arrangements
Multiple intelligent bolts.
Step S102, load data and vibration data are gathered using sensor and sent to data processing division.
Each intelligent bolt carries unique identification number, can add in the load data and vibration data of its transmission
Enter the positional information of intelligent bolt, so as to uniquely navigate to the intelligent bolt in which position of which layer flange.According to
Default data structure, increase location field before the valid data of load data and vibration data, in the location field
Positional information of the sensor relative to predetermined initial position is added, for example, for the 2nd layer of flange counterclockwise
(counterclockwise) data that the 3rd Sensor monitoring arrives, " 2-cc3 " is increased in its location field to represent.
As the intelligent bolt of sensor, the load of its burden and the vibration data when front bolt can be monitored in real time,
And the load data measured and vibration data are passed through wired or wirelessly send to data processing division.It is described wired
Or wirelessly can use any one known to technology carry out, not do excessive restriction herein, as long as can safely,
Fast and accurately by Sensor monitoring to data send to data processing division.
Step S103, data processing division is handled and stored to the data received.
Data processing division by it is wired or wirelessly with all biographies in each tower in whole wind power plant
Sensor connects, and can focus on the load data of all the sensors real-time Transmission in whole wind power plant, meanwhile, the number
Also include storage part according to processing unit, the data received can be stored.
The data processing division extracts the important informations such as load data, vibration data and sensing station, and will not
The data of same Sensor monitoring tower, affiliated flange belonging to carry out classification storage.
Step S104, data analysis is judged whether to need early warning, if so, then performing step S105 according to preset rules
Send early warning；If it is not, then return to step S103 continues to handle the data received.Wherein, the preset rules include
Absolute value decision rule, planar process decision rule and times of fatigue decision rule etc., specific decision principle is by following
It is described in detail in embodiment.
Step S105, early warning alarm is sent.
Analysis judged result in step S104, early warning is sent to operator on duty in step S105, reminded timely
Corresponding processing is made to the bolt of early warning position.Wherein, the early warning includes loosening early warning and giving fatigue pre-warning.
So, by arranging the sensor of predetermined quantity on flange, method according to the above embodiment of the present invention can
High intensity wind-power tower bolt status early warning is realized with lower cost.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 2 shows in wind-power electricity generation according to another embodiment of the present invention high intensity wind-power tower bolt looseness state and tired
The flow chart of labor status early warning method.Label has identical function with Fig. 1 identical components in Fig. 2, for simplicity, omits
Detailed description to these components.As shown in Fig. 2 methods described mainly includes：
Step S101, the sensor of predetermined quantity is arranged on each layer of flange.
Step S102, load data and vibration data are gathered using sensor and sent to data processing division.
Step S103, data processing division is handled and stored to the data received.
Step S1041, analysis judgement is carried out to the load data received according to absolute value decision rule.When sensor
Load measurement value exceeds predetermined safe range, then is judged to needing early warning, performs step S1042；Otherwise return to step S103
Continue to handle the data received.
Step S1042, the relation of the load measurement value and predetermined safe range of sensor is judged.If load measurement value surpasses
Go out the upper limit of the safe range, then it is assumed that bolt strained excessive as occurring near the intelligent bolt of sensor or its
Situation, fatigue rate aggravation, now perform step S1051 and send giving fatigue pre-warning；If load measurement value is less than the safe range
Lower limit, then it is assumed that as the intelligent bolt of sensor or its nearby there is the situation of bolt looseness, now perform step
S1052 sends loosening early warning.The safe range is normally defined the 70%-80% of bolt maximum load, or can basis
Actual application scenarios manually set the upper and lower bound of safe range.
By using absolute value decision rule, method according to the above embodiment of the present invention can be quickly and easily for pine
Dynamic and fatigue state carries out early warning.
Embodiment 3
Fig. 3 shows high intensity wind-power tower bolt looseness status early warning in wind-power electricity generation according to another embodiment of the present invention
The flow chart of method.Label has identical function with Fig. 1 identical components in Fig. 3, for simplicity, omits to these components
Detailed description.As shown in figure 3, methods described mainly includes：
Step S101, the sensor of predetermined quantity is arranged on each layer of flange.
Step S102, load data and vibration data are gathered using sensor and sent to data processing division.
Step S103, data processing division is handled and stored to the data received.
Step S1043, analysis judgement is carried out to the load data received according to planar process decision rule.The planar process
Decision rule, it is the rule successively decreased based on the forced position of wind-power tower along prevailing wind direction to leeward position linearity, if by flange
All bolts load data X, Y-axis composition Flange Plane, Z axis for load value three-dimensional system of coordinate in projected,
The load data of all bolts can form an inclined plane, and this plane is just represented under normal operating conditions when on forward flange
Bolt load distribution.When the load value of Sensor monitoring is also projected in above-mentioned three-dimensional system of coordinate, if measuring
The numerical value arrived deviates more than one predetermined threshold of distance of above-mentioned plane, represents that current sensor or the bolt near it have pine
It is dynamic abnormal, now perform step S1052 and send loosening early warning；Otherwise return to step S103 continues at the data to receiving
Reason.The predetermined threshold can be by manually being set according to practical application scene.
By using planar process decision rule, method according to the above embodiment of the present invention can be accurately for certain model
The loosening state for enclosing inner bolt carries out early warning.
Embodiment 4
Fig. 4 shows high intensity wind-power tower bolt fatigue state early warning in wind-power electricity generation according to another embodiment of the present invention
The flow chart of method.Label has identical function with Fig. 1 identical components in Fig. 4, for simplicity, omits to these components
Detailed description.As shown in figure 4, methods described mainly includes：
Step S101, the sensor of predetermined quantity is arranged on each layer of flange.
Step S102, load data and vibration data are gathered using sensor and sent to data processing division.
Step S103, data processing division is handled and stored to the data received.
Step S1044, analysis judgement is carried out to the vibration data received according to times of fatigue decision rule.Due to wind-force
Generator operation bad environments, while wind-force effect and blade rotate vibration brought in itself with generator etc. and influenceed, tower
Bear very big dynamic load impact.Under such working environment, bolt also occurs in the presence of dynamic load impact in itself
Vibrate (operation).For bolt, a critically important index is exactly vibration life curve in its projected life, when bolt
When vibration number exceedes vibration number corresponding at vibration life point of inflexion on a curve, although bolt sheet may do not seen from surface
Body has a sign of fatigue, but the work of the not competent high intensity of bolt now, and it is disconnected to be likely to occur fatigue at any time
Split.Therefore, when judge vibration data exceed vibration life point of inflexion on a curve at corresponding to vibration number when, represent current sensor
Or the bolt near it is likely to occur the phenomenon of fatigue fracture, now performs step S1051 and send giving fatigue pre-warning；Otherwise step is returned
Rapid S103 continues to handle the data received.
By using times of fatigue decision rule, method according to the above embodiment of the present invention can be accurately for certain
The fatigue state of scope inner bolt carries out early warning.
Embodiment 5
How above example carries out fatigue to high intensity wind-power tower bolt state in wind-power electricity generation in advance if respectively describing
Alert or loosening early warning, but embodiment 2-4 can be combined with, for more accurately carrying out giving fatigue pre-warning and loosening to bolt state
Early warning.In the method described by embodiment 2, planar process judgment rule and times of fatigue judgment rule are added, so as to more
Accurately the fatigue state to bolt and loosening state carry out early warning.Planar process judgment rule and times of fatigue judgment rule also may be used
Individually to be combined with the method described by embodiment 2, to strengthen the accuracy for loosening early warning or giving fatigue pre-warning.Below will
Detailed description planar process judgment rule and times of fatigue judgment rule are fully incorporated to the scheme in embodiment 2, and planar process judges rule
It is then individually similar with the scheme all combined with the scheme combined of embodiment 2 with times of fatigue judgment rule, herein no longer
Repeat.
Fig. 5 shows in wind-power electricity generation according to another embodiment of the present invention high intensity wind-power tower bolt looseness state and tired
The flow chart of labor status early warning method.Label has identical function with Fig. 1 identical components in Fig. 5, for simplicity, omits
Detailed description to these components.As shown in figure 5, methods described mainly includes：
Step S101, the sensor of predetermined quantity is arranged on each layer of flange.
Step S102, load data and vibration data are gathered using sensor and sent to data processing division.
Step S103, data processing division is handled and stored to the data received.
After data processing division is handled and stored to the data received, the data after processing are subjected to step simultaneously
S1041 absolute values judge, step S1043 planar processes judge and rapid S1044 times of fatigue judges.
Step S1041, analysis judgement is carried out to the load data received according to absolute value decision rule.
When the load measurement value of sensor exceeds predetermined safe range, then it is judged to needing early warning, performs step
S1042；Otherwise return to step S103 continues to handle the data received.
Step S1042, the relation of the load measurement value and predetermined safe range of sensor is judged.If load measurement value surpasses
Go out the upper limit of the safe range, then perform step S1051 and send giving fatigue pre-warning；If load measurement value is less than the safe range
Lower limit, then perform step S1052 send loosening early warning.
Step S1043, analysis judgement is carried out to the load data received according to planar process decision rule.
If measuring more than one predetermined threshold of distance that obtained numerical value deviates above-mentioned plane, step S1052 hairs are performed
Go out to loosen early warning；Otherwise return to step S103 continues to handle the data received.
Step S1044, analysis judgement is carried out to the vibration data received according to times of fatigue decision rule.
If judging, vibration data exceedes vibration number corresponding at vibration life point of inflexion on a curve, performs step S1051
Send giving fatigue pre-warning；Otherwise return to step S103 continues to handle the data received.
The mode combined by using a variety of decision rules, the advantages of make use of various judgment rules, according in the present invention
Stating the method for embodiment can effectively be supplemented for absolute value decision procedure, be improved for bolt looseness state and tired
The early warning effect of labor state.
Those of ordinary skill in the art are it is to be appreciated that each exemplary cell and algorithm in embodiment described herein
Step, it can be realized with the combination of electronic hardware or computer software and electronic hardware.These functions actually with hardware also
It is software form to realize, application-specific and design constraint depending on technical scheme.Professional and technical personnel can be directed to
It is specific to realize described function using different methods is selected, but this realization is it is not considered that beyond model of the invention
Enclose.
If in the form of computer software come realize the function and as independent production marketing or in use, if
To a certain extent it is believed that all or part (such as the part to be contributed to prior art) of technical scheme is
Embody in form of a computer software product.The computer software product is generally stored inside computer-readable non-volatile
In property storage medium, including some instructions are make it that computer equipment (can be personal computer, server or network
Equipment etc.) perform various embodiments of the present invention method all or part of step.And foregoing storage medium includes USB flash disk, movement firmly
Disk, read-only storage (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory),
Magnetic disc or CD etc. are various can be with the medium of store program codes.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, change or replacement can be readily occurred in, should all be contained
Cover within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the described claims.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. high intensity wind-power tower bolt state method for early warning in wind-power electricity generation, it is characterised in that including：The sensor of predetermined quantity is arranged on each layer of flange of the wind-power tower；Load data and vibration data are gathered using the sensor and are sent to data processing division；The data processing division is handled and stored to the data received；According to preset rules to the data analysis, judge whether to need early warning, if so, then sending early warning；If it is not, then return after It is continuous that the data received are handled；The preset rules include：Absolute value decision rule, planar process decision rule and times of fatigue decision rule；Absolute value decision rule, when the load data measured value of the sensor exceeds predetermined safe range, then being determined as need to Want early warning；Planar process decision rule, when the load data measured value of the sensor is deviated from by the load of sensor remaining described Data measurement is that putting down for projection row is carried out in the three-dimensional system of coordinate of load measurement value in X, Y-axis composition Flange Plane and Z axis When face exceedes predetermined threshold, loosening early warning is sent；Times of fatigue decision rule, when the sensor the vibration data exceed vibration life point of inflexion on a curve at corresponding to During vibration number, giving fatigue pre-warning is sent；The sensor is intelligent bolt, can monitor the load of its burden and current vibration data in real time；Each intelligence Energy bolt all carries unique identification number, and the position of intelligent bolt can be added in load data and vibration data of its transmission Information, so as to uniquely navigate to the intelligent bolt in which position of which layer flange.
- 2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the load data measured value of the sensor is beyond predetermined Safe range includes：If the load data measured value exceeds the upper limit of the safe range, giving fatigue pre-warning is sent；If the load data measured value is less than the lower limit of the safe range, loosening early warning is sent.
- 3. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterised in that the safe range is：The 70%- of bolt maximum load 80%.
- 4. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the predetermined quantity is no less than 4.
- 5. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the predetermined quantity is not less than all bolts on the flange Total 5%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510563612.6A CN105181315B (en) | 2015-09-07 | 2015-09-07 | High intensity wind-power tower bolt state method for early warning in a kind of wind-power electricity generation |
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| CN201510563612.6A CN105181315B (en) | 2015-09-07 | 2015-09-07 | High intensity wind-power tower bolt state method for early warning in a kind of wind-power electricity generation |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106568562B (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2019-08-27 | 中国电力科学研究院 | The test method and device of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property |
| CN107153002B (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2019-06-28 | 中国地震局工程力学研究所 | Wind power generation stepped connector aeration level detection method and detection device |
| CN107449529B (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2020-05-05 | 济南大学 | Leaf spring stress cycle monitoring system and method thereof |
| CN108759918B (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2020-10-23 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Vibration-stress composite sensor for monitoring flange bolt of wind power tower |
| CN110080951B (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2020-04-21 | 曾杰 | Wind turbine tower, tower connection monitoring method, terminal and readable storage medium |
| CN112576455B (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2022-06-28 | 江阴市恒润重工股份有限公司 | Wind power flange bolt pressure detection failure prevention device and detection method thereof |
| CN114323398A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-12 | 广西建工集团智慧制造有限公司 | Real-time detection method and device for pre-tightening force of main limb bolt of tower crane tower body |
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| CN102466531A (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2012-05-23 | 三一电气有限责任公司 | Bolt fault monitoring system and monitoring method thereof |
| CN204495294U (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-07-22 | 江苏欧讯能源科技有限公司 | A kind of high strength wind-power tower bolt monitoring system based on fiber grating |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005003658A (en) * | 2003-06-10 | 2005-01-06 | Nippon Denro Kk | Bolt looseness inspection method |
| JP5910971B2 (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2016-04-27 | イナバゴム株式会社 | Looseness detection device for tightening and fixing members |
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| CN102466531A (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2012-05-23 | 三一电气有限责任公司 | Bolt fault monitoring system and monitoring method thereof |
| CN204495294U (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-07-22 | 江苏欧讯能源科技有限公司 | A kind of high strength wind-power tower bolt monitoring system based on fiber grating |
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