CN105178963A - Novel drilling solution mining method of potassium salt deposit - Google Patents
Novel drilling solution mining method of potassium salt deposit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel drilling solution mining method of a potassium salt deposit. The novel drilling solution mining method is characterized in that each mining area is divided into a plurality of extraction units according to (180-220)m*(450-550)m, two directional wells are arranged in each extraction unit and vertically penetrate a potassium ore layer, and a horizontal well is drilled at the bottom to communicate the corresponding two directional wells to form a mining passage; well spacing of the directional wells is (280-320)m, radius of each solution cavity of a well group is (50-60)m, and an ore pillar of (85-95)m wide is reserved in each solution cavity. By the method, comprehensive utilization of tail liquid of a salt pan or a processing plant during solution mining is realized, energy consumption for heating secondary mining solvent is lowered, expense for lifting waste salt NaCl from a downhole to the ground and processing and treating the waste salt NaCl is reduced greatly, and mining cost is lowered while enterprise benefit is improved. In addition, ground storage area is reduced due to comprehensive utilization of the tail liquid of the salt pan or the processing plant, and protection for environment surrounding a mining region is further facilitated. The novel drilling solution mining method has the advantages of high efficiency, energy conservation and environment protection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mining methods, be particularly applicable to the one of sylvite deposit
noveldrill well water mixeding mining method.
Background technology
Existing drilling solution mining technology mainly contains two class exploitation methods, is that Single well convection solution mining method is communicated with solution mining method with well group respectively.
Single well convection solution mining method is a production unit with a bite well, arranging multiplayer concentric tube in well, injects fresh water toward down-hole during exploitation, dissolved salts ore bed in one deck pipe, after generating bittern, recycling water filling overbottom pressure makes bittern in another layer of pipe, return out the exploitation method on ground.
Traditional well group communicating method is exactly is a production unit with two wells or multiple well, between well, corrosion passage is built with diverse ways, then inject fresh water dissolution ore bed from wherein a bite well, generate bittern, recycling water filling overbottom pressure make bittern from another mouthful of well counter go out the exploitation method on ground.Different according to the method for building passage between well, be mainly divided into: the corrosion of convection current well communicating method, pressure burst communicatin method and directional well communicating method.
Two wells be communicated with after from a well injection heating to the hot water of uniform temperature as solvent, after hot water soluble separates all DDGSs in rock, by another well extract out bittern.The brine transportation of acquisition is carried out dehalogenation to processing factory, KCl is separated from NaCl and other a small amount of evaporite mineral.
Above hydromining method major defect needs a large amount of fresh water, and water heating energy consumption is large.The tail washings of salt pan or processing factory cannot fully utilize, and is deposited in tail washings pond, salt pan, ground and takies a large amount of soil, cause adverse effect to mining area surrounding environment.
Technology contents
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art and shortcoming, provides a kind of method design reasonable, efficient, energy-saving and environmental protection
novelthe drill well water mixeding mining method of sylvite deposit.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is realized by following technical scheme.The present invention is a kind of
novelthe drill well water mixeding mining method of sylvite deposit, be characterized in: each exploiting field marks off some back production unit according to (180-220) m × (450-550) m, each back production cell layout two directional wells pass perpendicularly through potassium ore bed, horizontal well is crept in bottom makes two directional wells be communicated with, and forms mining passage; Well spacing (280-320) m of directional well, well group molten chamber radius (50-60) m, stay the ore pillar that (85-95) m is wide between each molten chamber.
A kind of sylvite deposit of the present invention
noveldrill well water mixeding mining method, preferred technical scheme is further: each exploiting field marks off some back production unit according to 200m × 500m, each back production cell layout two directional wells pass perpendicularly through potassium ore bed, and horizontal well is crept in bottom makes two directional wells be communicated with, and forms mining passage; The well spacing 300m of directional well, well group molten chamber radius 55m, the ore pillar staying 90m wide between each molten chamber.
A kind of sylvite deposit of the present invention
noveldrill well water mixeding mining method, preferred technical scheme is further: ore bed is divided into ore bed bottom and ore bed top, first utilizes complete molten mining method back production ore bed bottom, and then utilization selection is molten adopts method back production ore bed top; Wherein:
Working seam bottom ore body, fresh water and oil is injected from a well, extract bittern out from another well, utilize oil sheet to control upper molten, and impel mining passage to horizontal growth, molten chamber is laterally grown after certain area, just carry out completely molten adopting to ore bed, namely utilize the vertical layered producing potassium salt of fresh water solvent, the progress of vertical exploitation has oil sheet to control, along with the carrying out of exploitation, oil reservoir can rise gradually; Behind the space that molten chamber reaches designing requirement, then ore bed top ore body is carried out to selection is molten adopts, the mother liquor produced after namely utilizing ore bed Mining of lower orebody bittern out to produce makees solvent and carries out selective exploitation to ore bed top ore body; In order to make molten chamber keep symmetrical, constantly changing water injection well and going out halogen well, bittern is always extracted out from the minimum point in molten chamber;
Completely molten adopting refers to that employing is heated to the fresh water of more than 80 DEG C as injection solvent, all DDGSs in hot water solvent-soluble solution ore bed; The brine transportation of acquisition is produced to processing factory, KCl is separated from NaCl and other a small amount of evaporite mineral;
Molten adopting is selected to refer to that the mother liquor utilizing salt pan and processing factory to return adds a certain amount of fresh water and reheats more than 70 DEG C, or be recycled in molten chamber after utilizing the pyrogen halogen of extraction and solvent to carry out interchange of heat, re-injection mother liquor injects molten chamber to the undersaturated bittern of NaCl and KCl as solvent, optionally dissolve KCl, and most of NaCl stays molten chamber is not dissolved.
A kind of sylvite deposit of the present invention
noveldrill well water mixeding mining method, preferred technical scheme is further: according to ore body component feature by quantitatively calculating, ore bed being divided into ore bed bottom and ore bed top, adopting following formulae discovery ore bed lift height:
Wherein:
V
insoluble matter=S
molten chamber sectional area× n
seam thickness× γ
insoluble matter grade× K
the insoluble matter coefficient of volumetric expansion
V
aquaporin=S
molten chamber sectional area× h
aquaporin
Adopt iterative algorithm to make the molten cavity volume of the reality of above-mentioned calculating equal the molten cavity volume of standard, thus determine the thickness of ore bed layering:
V
the molten chamber of standard=S
molten chamber sectional area× h
seam thickness.
Preferred technical solution of the present invention is by rational for ore body layering, and ore body employing in ore bed bottom is completely molten adopts mode, and ore bed top ore body adopts selects the molten mode of adopting to carry out substep back production.The mother liquor that when solvent of working seam top ore body is ore bed Mining of lower orebody, salt pan or processing factory return, not only reduces the thermal energy consumption of heating secondary recovery solvent, and has carried out fully utilizing reducing ground environment pressure to salt pan or processing factory's tail washings.Make the method technique of the present invention more rationally, more energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Secondary recovery solvent re-injection mother liquor injects molten chamber to the undersaturated bittern of NaCl and KCl as solvent, so just optionally can dissolve KCl, and most of NaCl stays molten chamber is not dissolved.Not only reduce NaCl abraum salt and rise to ground and the expense of carrying out processing process, and the soil building tail washings pond can be saved, reduce mining cost and improve the performance of enterprises.
The key problem in technology of optimal technical scheme of the present invention is the thickness reasonably determining ore body layering, only completely molten adopt make molten chamber develop into suitable size in carry out that selection is molten adopts.Satisfied selection is molten adopt space while, allow and completely moltenly adopt and select molten adopting more reasonably to substitute, and have stable scale.
These mining methods are by being communicated with the innovation of solution mining method to current domestic and international common well group, achieve the comprehensive utilization to salt pan or processing factory's tail washings in solution mining, not only reduce the energy consumption of heating secondary recovery solvent, and greatly reduce abraum salt NaCl rise to from down-hole ground and processing process expense, reduce cost of winning improve the performance of enterprises.Store up area in addition, to the comprehensive utilization reduction ground of salt pan or processing factory's tail washings, be more conducive to mining area surrounding environment protection.The invention belongs to one has efficient, energy-saving and environmental protection feature
novelsolution mining method.
Accompanying drawing explanation
fig. 1for the well group of the method described in embodiment 6 is arranged
figure;
Detailed description of the invention
Further describe concrete implementer's case of the present invention below.Detailed description of the invention cited by the present invention is just described preferred technique embodiment of the present invention, and be not be confined to cited several.
Embodiment 1, a kind of
novelthe drill well water mixeding mining method of sylvite deposit: each exploiting field marks off some back production unit according to 180m × 450m, each back production cell layout two directional wells pass perpendicularly through potassium ore bed, and horizontal well is crept in bottom makes two directional wells be communicated with, and forms mining passage; The well spacing 280m of directional well, well group molten chamber radius 50m, the ore pillar staying 85m wide between each molten chamber.
Embodiment 2, a kind of
novelthe drill well water mixeding mining method of sylvite deposit: each exploiting field marks off some back production unit according to 220m × 550m, each back production cell layout two directional wells pass perpendicularly through potassium ore bed, and horizontal well is crept in bottom makes two directional wells be communicated with, and forms mining passage; The well spacing 320m of directional well, well group molten chamber radius 60m, the ore pillar staying 95m wide between each molten chamber.
Embodiment 3, a kind of
novelthe drill well water mixeding mining method of sylvite deposit: each exploiting field marks off some back production unit according to 200m × 500m, each back production cell layout two directional wells pass perpendicularly through potassium ore bed, and horizontal well is crept in bottom makes two directional wells be communicated with, and forms mining passage; The well spacing 300m of directional well, well group molten chamber radius 55m, the ore pillar staying 90m wide between each molten chamber.
Embodiment 4, a kind of one as described in embodiment 1 or 2 or 3
novelthe drilling solution mining side of sylvite deposit: be divided into by ore bed two-layer, i.e. ore bed bottom and ore bed top, first utilize complete molten mining method back production ore bed bottom, and then utilization selection is molten adopts method back production ore bed top; Wherein:
Working seam bottom ore body, fresh water and oil is injected from a well, extract bittern out from another well, utilize oil sheet to control upper molten, and impel mining passage to horizontal growth, molten chamber is laterally grown after certain area, just carry out completely molten adopting to ore bed, namely utilize the vertical layered producing potassium salt of fresh water solvent, the progress of vertical exploitation has oil sheet to control, along with the carrying out of exploitation, oil reservoir can rise gradually; Behind the space that molten chamber reaches designing requirement, then ore bed top ore body is carried out to selection is molten adopts, the mother liquor produced after namely utilizing ore bed Mining of lower orebody bittern out to produce makees solvent and carries out selective exploitation to ore bed top ore body; In order to make molten chamber keep symmetrical, constantly changing water injection well and going out halogen well, bittern is always extracted out from the minimum point in molten chamber;
Completely molten adopting refers to that employing is heated to the fresh water of more than 80 DEG C as injection solvent, all DDGSs in hot water solvent-soluble solution ore bed; The brine transportation of acquisition is produced to processing factory, KCl is separated from NaCl and other a small amount of evaporite mineral;
Molten adopting is selected to refer to that the mother liquor utilizing salt pan and processing factory to return adds a certain amount of fresh water and reheats more than 70 DEG C, or be recycled in molten chamber after utilizing the pyrogen halogen of extraction and solvent to carry out interchange of heat, re-injection mother liquor injects molten chamber to the undersaturated bittern of NaCl and KCl as solvent, optionally dissolve KCl, and most of NaCl stays molten chamber is not dissolved.
Embodiment 5, the one described in embodiment 4
novelthe drill well water mixeding mining method of sylvite deposit: according to ore body component feature by quantitatively calculating, ore bed being divided into ore bed bottom and ore bed top, adopting following formulae discovery ore bed lift height:
Wherein:
V
insoluble matter=S
molten chamber sectional area× h
seam thickness× γ
insoluble matter grade× K
the insoluble matter coefficient of volumetric expansion
V
aquaporin=S
molten chamber sectional area× h
aquaporin
Adopt iterative algorithm to make the molten cavity volume of the reality of above-mentioned calculating equal the molten cavity volume of standard, thus determine the thickness of ore bed layering:
V
the molten chamber of standard=S
molten chamber sectional area× h
seam thickness.
Embodiment 6, a kind of sylvite deposit
noveldrill well water mixeding mining method is tested:
Certain sylvite ore external, sylvite is integrated in the sedimentary rock in period in Middle Devonian epoch, and mineral deposit is made up of upper and lower layer ore deposit, total thickness about 30 ~ 40m, and buried depth is 1650 ~ 1750m about, and ground temperature reaches 65 DEG C.
1, well group arrangement form
Well group arrangement form is by conventional to well arrangement form, and namely two mouthfuls of directional wells are a well group.During shaft building, first complete and often organize directional well driving, recycling horizontal well is often organizing formation two mining passages in upper and lower two ore beds of directional well respectively, and water horizontal well completes the connection of two groups of directional wells 4 mining passage.
A well station comprises 24 mouthfuls of directional wells and 6 mouthfuls of water horizontal wells.Adopt directed-drilling technique to open up 12 molten chambeies from a well station, need to arrange 24 wells at a well station.Every bar well is all arranged in well station, before pouring concrete, first installs from adopting the pipeline of halogen transmitting pump room to well head.Reference
fig. 1.
2, production practice
Ore bed adopts horizontal well to drill through method exploitation, mining sequence is exploited from bottom to top, first need tunnel two directional wells and pass perpendicularly through potassium ore bed during exploitation lower floor ore deposit, then utilize horizontal well to creep into horizontal well in ore deposit, upper strata with the bottom in lower floor ore deposit respectively and two directional wells are communicated with, form passage of digging up mine.After mining channel connection, fresh water and oil is injected from a well, bittern is extracted out from another well, oil sheet is utilized to control upper molten, and impel mining passage to horizontal growth, molten chamber is laterally grown after certain area, just completely molten adopting is carried out to ore bed bottom, namely utilize the vertical layered producing potassium salt of fresh water solvent, the progress of vertical exploitation is controlled by oil sheet, along with the carrying out of exploitation, oil reservoir can rise gradually, after molten chamber reaches certain space, then ore bed is carried out to selection is molten adopts, namely utilize light bittern solvent to carry out selective exploitation to ore bed top.In order to make molten chamber keep symmetrical, constantly changing water injection well and going out halogen well, to ensure that bittern is always extracted out from the minimum point in molten chamber.When enough sizes grown by top board time, oil reservoir will float through the sleeve pipe of band boring, so just can dissolve one deck sylvite, so circulate, until adopted an ore bed.
3, molten chamber and pillar design
On the whole, molten chamber outline line is two semicircles concentric with drilling well at two ends, is straight line between two drilling wells.In order to allow solvent stop the more time in molten chamber, improve bittern concentration, be unlikely to again cannot continue saturated apart from long the second half solution and dissolve, drill through method previous experiences according to horizontal well, design is arranged by well spacing 300m; Consider the technological requirement of this solution mining, solvent is allowed to produce dynamic convection as far as possible in molten chamber, to accelerate dissolution velocity, and then raising bittern concentration, prevent the molten chamber of each well group mutual molten logical simultaneously, cause molten chamber, down-hole span excessive, have influence on the stability of salt deposit top board, well group is considered by molten chamber radius 55m, the ore pillar staying 90m wide between two molten chambeies.
4, completely moltenly to adopt
Completely molten adopting refers to that employing is heated to the fresh water of 85 DEG C as injection solvent, all DDGSs in hot water solvent-soluble solution ore bed.The brine transportation of acquisition is produced to processing factory, KCl is separated from NaCl and other a small amount of evaporite mineral.The brine temperature of extraction from halogen mining well is 65 DEG C, and KCl concentration is 170g/L, NaCl concentration is 240g/L.Between the productive life, bittern grade can because of head grade, the localized variation of water injection rate and water filling temperature and corresponding change, assuming that this concentration 170g/L is the mean concentration in the length of service of molten chamber.
5, molten adopting is selected
Molten adopting is selected to refer to that the mother liquor utilizing salt pan or processing factory to return adds a certain amount of fresh water and reheats 71 DEG C or be recycled in molten chamber after utilizing the pyrogen halogen of extraction and solvent to carry out interchange of heat, re-injection mother liquor injects molten chamber to the undersaturated bittern of NaCl and KCl as solvent, so just optionally can dissolve KCl, and part NaCl stays molten chamber is not dissolved.Will not be sunk to bottom molten chamber by the NaCl that dissolves and a small amount of insoluble matter, extraction KCl to be continued like this and unlikely mining channel blockage, just need first to provide enough large molten cavity space, therefore only completely molten adopt make molten chamber develop into enough large in just carry out that selection is molten adopts.Satisfied selection is molten adopt space while, allow and completely moltenly adopt and select molten adopting more reasonably to substitute, and have stable scale.
6, hierarchy parameters is determined
Through calculating, lower floor ore deposit carries out after exploitation 8.16m (44.80% of seam thickness) that selection is molten adopts.
Claims (4)
1. the drill well water mixeding mining method of a novel sylvite deposit, it is characterized in that: each exploiting field marks off some back production unit according to (180-220) m × (450-550) m, each back production cell layout two directional wells pass perpendicularly through potassium ore bed, horizontal well is crept in bottom makes two directional wells be communicated with, and forms mining passage; Well spacing (280-320) m of directional well, well group molten chamber radius (50-60) m, stay the ore pillar that (85-95) m is wide between each molten chamber.
2. the New well drilling solution mining method of a kind of sylvite deposit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: each exploiting field marks off some back production unit according to 200m × 500m, each back production cell layout two directional wells pass perpendicularly through potassium ore bed, horizontal well is crept in bottom makes two directional wells be communicated with, and forms mining passage; The well spacing 300m of directional well, well group molten chamber radius 55m, the ore pillar staying 90m wide between each molten chamber.
3. the drill well water mixeding mining method of a kind of novel sylvite deposit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: ore bed is divided into two-layer, i.e. ore bed bottom and ore bed top, first utilizes complete molten mining method back production ore bed bottom, and then utilization selection is molten adopts method back production ore bed top; Wherein:
Working seam bottom ore body, fresh water and oil is injected from a well, extract bittern out from another well, utilize oil sheet to control upper molten, and impel mining passage to horizontal growth, molten chamber is laterally grown after certain area, just carry out completely molten adopting to ore bed, namely utilize the vertical layered producing potassium salt of fresh water solvent, the progress of vertical exploitation has oil sheet to control, along with the carrying out of exploitation, oil reservoir can rise gradually; Behind the space that molten chamber reaches designing requirement, then ore bed top ore body is carried out to selection is molten adopts, the mother liquor produced after namely utilizing ore bed Mining of lower orebody bittern out to produce makees solvent and carries out selective exploitation to ore bed top ore body; In order to make molten chamber keep symmetrical, constantly changing water injection well and going out halogen well, bittern is always extracted out from the minimum point in molten chamber;
Completely molten adopting refers to that employing is heated to the fresh water of more than 80 DEG C as injection solvent, all DDGSs in hot water solvent-soluble solution ore bed; The brine transportation of acquisition is produced to processing factory, KCl is separated from NaCl and other a small amount of evaporite mineral;
Molten adopting is selected to refer to that the mother liquor utilizing salt pan and processing factory to return adds a certain amount of fresh water and reheats more than 70 DEG C, or be recycled in molten chamber after utilizing the pyrogen halogen of extraction and solvent to carry out interchange of heat, re-injection mother liquor injects molten chamber to the undersaturated bittern of NaCl and KCl as solvent, optionally dissolve KCl, and most of NaCl stays molten chamber is not dissolved.
4. the drill well water mixeding mining method of a kind of novel sylvite deposit according to claim 3, is characterized in that: according to ore body component feature by quantitatively calculating, ore bed being divided into ore bed bottom and ore bed top, adopting following formulae discovery ore bed lift height:
Wherein:
V
insoluble matter=s
molten chamber sectional area× h
seam thickness× γ
insoluble matter grade× K
the insoluble matter coefficient of volumetric expansion
V
aquaporin=s
molten chamber sectional area× h
aquaporin
Adopt iterative algorithm to make the molten cavity volume of the reality of above-mentioned calculating equal the molten cavity volume of standard, thus determine the thickness of ore bed layering:
V
the molten chamber of standard=s
molten chamber sectional area× h
seam thickness.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN109469471A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2019-03-15 | 中蓝长化工程科技有限公司 | A method of increasing salt lake mining area halogen mining well and goes out halogen amount |
| CN110159244A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-08-23 | 刘森林 | Sylvite ore solution mining method |
| CN112441602A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2021-03-05 | 中蓝连海设计研究院有限公司 | Salt pan for recovering potassium salt at low cost and method for recovering potassium salt by adopting salt pan |
| CN113417641A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-09-21 | 江苏淮盐矿业有限公司 | Mine three-dimensional mining process |
| CN113700484A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-11-26 | 青海盐湖工业股份有限公司 | Mining system and mining method for water-soluble potassium salt mine |
| CN115288657A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-11-04 | 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 | Dissolving mining method for improving solid sylvite conversion rate |
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| CN113700484B (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2024-01-16 | 青海盐湖工业股份有限公司 | Exploitation system and exploitation method for water-soluble potassium salt mine |
| CN115288657A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-11-04 | 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 | Dissolving mining method for improving solid sylvite conversion rate |
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