CN105177335B - Alloy element additive used for aluminum alloy production and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Alloy element additive used for aluminum alloy production and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105177335B CN105177335B CN201510583700.2A CN201510583700A CN105177335B CN 105177335 B CN105177335 B CN 105177335B CN 201510583700 A CN201510583700 A CN 201510583700A CN 105177335 B CN105177335 B CN 105177335B
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Abstract
Disclosed is an alloy element additive used for aluminum alloy production. The alloy element additive is composed of alloy element powder to be added, mgcl2-group fusion powder and an adhesive. The components comprise, by mass, 70%-90% of the alloy element powder, 10%-30% of the mgcl2-group fusion powder and 0-5% of the adhesive. The sum of the mass percents of the three components is 100%. Alloy elements are organically combined with a refining agent, so that the alloy element additive not only has an alloying function, but also has a refining effect. According to the alloy element additive and a preparation method thereof, mgcl2-group fusion serves as a fusing agent, so that not only is the fusing function to the alloy element powder achieved, but also the refining function to aluminum water is achieved, and accordingly the agent is multipurpose indeed. The alloy element additive does not contain toxic substances, thereby being safe and environmentally friendly
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aluminium alloy production technical field, and in particular to a kind of alloying element addition for aluminium alloy production
Agent.
Background technology
In the production process of aluminium alloy, generally require to add the various alloying elements such as manganese, ferrum, silicon, magnesium, copper.These conjunctions
The addition of gold element is mainly by intermediate alloy or alloying element additive carrying out.So-called alloying element additive is exactly to close
The block being pressed into after gold element powder and other flux mixing.
Since alloying element additive comes out, the welcome energetically of founding industrial quarters has been obtained.This additive user
Just, it is easy to put in smelting furnace, it is not necessary to special equipment.Additive block has sizable proportion, puts into metal
Naturally, sink after in solution, it is to avoid powder is scattered to float over molten surface.In alloy addition, alloying element content is very high, can save
Very big accumulating spending, so alloy addition has higher cost advantage.Alloying element additive by metal dust, flux
Agent and binding agent composition.The content of metal dust generally 70% to 85%, the content of flux is 15% to 30%, and binding agent is only needed
Minimal amount, 0.5 2.0%.The course of processing be each component powder is uniformly mixed after, be pressed into pie under high pressure.The size of block
Can be by 50 grams to 2000 grams.
Flux is mainly villiaumite（Such as potassium fluoroaluminate）Or villiaumite and villaumite（Such as KCl）Mixture.Potassium fluoroaluminate and KCl
Mixture be a kind of conventional flux, what is had can also add some exothermic mixtures.This alloying element powder-flux composition
Additive although have preferable burn-off rate, but these salt fluxs are not necessary additives in alloying process, most
Become waste residue eventually and claw, increase alloying cost.Saline flux often has the moisture absorption to be inclined to, and also easily mixes various impurity.
So additive of the addition containing flux has and bringing impurity melt into, increasing the risk of melt air content.Increased scarfing cinder amount, consuming
The energy, increase the management costs such as accumulating.A large amount of smog are produced during villiaumite flux melts, are affected environment, are also affected operative employee
The health of people.
In the fusion process of aluminum and its alloy, melt quality and environmental problem are the important issues of aluminum i ndustry.These are all
There is substantial connection with the handling process of melt and the material for being used.Often inevitably contain higher sodium, calcium in aluminium ingot
With the alkali metal impurity such as lithium.Inside plants go back feed back and aluminium waste is generally mixed with nonmetallic inclusion, organic material and steam.This
A little alkali metal, nonmetallic slag inclusion and steam can cause serious quality to ask the casting of aluminum and its alloy and follow-up manufacturing procedure
Topic.So before casting, it is necessary to carry out refining treatment using refining agent to aluminum water.
MgC12With the fusion of KCl（Abbreviation MgCl2Base fusion）With very low fusing point, and there is extraordinary refine
Effect, especially except the aspect such as alkali metal and dehydrogenation, prepurging it is particularly outstanding.Use MgCl2Base fusion replaces existing alloying element
Villiaumite and villaumite flux in additive, form a kind of new alloying element additive with refining function.Novel alloy unit
The both effects with alloying of plain additive, have refining effect, again with important actual production meaning.Low melting point is low
MgCl2Base fusion is melted in being added to aluminum water rapidly, so that the rapid loose crushing of additive block, accelerates alloying element
Fusing.Alloying element has heavy feature.By alloying element and MgCl2Base fusion is combined, after being added in aluminum water
Furnace bottom is sunk to rapidly can, so as to by MgCl2Base fusion brings furnace bottom into.MgCl2After the fusing of base fusion, alloying element is broken away from
Powder floats.During floating, the alkali metal reaction with aluminum water is mingled with and hydrogen haptoreaction with oxide, is reached
Except alkali metal and the purpose of dehydrogenation remove impurity.
The content of the invention
The present invention adds the alloying element additive of alloying element in proposing a kind of aluminum i ndustry fusion-casting process, added
Alloying element quickly can melt, fully absorbed by melt, while and with excellent refining function, reach refining aluminium melt
Effect.The defect of prior art presence is compensate for, the deficiency of prior art presence is overcome.
A kind of alloying element additive for aluminium alloy production, described alloying element additive is by will add
Alloying element powder, MgCl2Base fusion powder and binding agent composition, each group are grouped into alloying element powder 70 90%（Matter
Amount percent）、MgCl2Base fusion powder 10 30%（Mass percent）.The composition of the alloying element additive also includes
Binding agent, the content of binding agent account for the 0 5% of alloying element additive（Mass percent）, the mass percent of three components is total
With for 100%.
Described alloying element powder is Mn, a kind of pure metal powder in Fe, Cr, Cu, Ti or Zr.
Described MgCl2Base fusion is MgCl2With the fusion of NaCl, wherein MgCl2Content accounts for MgCl2Base fusion
50-65%（Mass percent）, NaCl contents account for MgCl2The 35 50% of base fusion（Mass percent）, two components
Mass percent summation is 100%.
Described MgCl2Base fusion is MgCl2With the fusion of KCl, wherein MgCl2Content accounts for MgCl2Base fusion
40-70%（Mass percent）, KCl contents account for MgCl2The 30 60% of base fusion（Mass percent）, the quality of two components
Percent summation is 100%.
Described MgCl2Base fusion is MgCl2, KCl and NaCl fusion, wherein MgCl2Content accounts for MgCl2Base melts
The 50 70% of compound（Mass percent）, NaCl contents（Quality is very）For 25 45%（Mass percent）, KCl contents account for
MgCl2The 5 20% of base fusion（Mass percent）, the mass percent summation of three components is 100%.
A kind of preparation method of the alloying element additive for aluminium alloy production, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：Required alloying element is made into powder, powder size is less than 1.0 millimeters；
Step 2：By MgCl2- KCl, or MgCl2- NaCl, or MgCl2- KCl-NaCl is mixed by certain mass ratio,
Mix homogeneously after heating fusing, then its cooling solidification is made, being crushed after solidification and be ground into powder, powder size is 1.0
Millimeter is following；
Step 3：:By alloying element powder, MgCl2Base fusion powder and binding are uniform according to certain quality proportioning
Mixing；
Step 4：:Uniform mixed powder is pressed into the block of specified weight with forcing press, the block is round pie,
Weight is 20 2000 grams.
The alloying element added in described aluminum i ndustry fusion-casting process refers to Mn, Fe, Cu, the Cr needed for production aluminium alloy,
The metallic elements such as Ti, Zr.
Described MgCl2Base fusion is MgCl2- KCl, or MgCl2- NaCl, or MgCl2- KCl-NaCl is fused
Thing.The weight ratio of constituent is: (40-70%)MgCl2 -(30-60%)KCl;Or (50-65%) MgCl2 -(35-50%)
NaCl, or (50-70%) MgCl2- (20-45%) NaCl- (5-20%) KCl, the mass percent summation of component is 100%.
The design principle of the present invention is, by alloying element powder and MgCl2Base fusion powder uses pressure after uniformly mixing
Machine is pressed into solid block.This block has sufficiently high density.When smelting furnace is put into, this block easily punctures aluminum
The oxide-film of water surface, enters in aluminum water, sinks to furnace bottom.Avoiding problems alloying element powder and be scattered in aluminum water surface, from
And avoid powder and be lost in slag, it is ensured that the high recovery rate of alloying element.Due to MgCl2The fusing point of base fusion is very low
(different according to proportioning, fusion temperature is 380 500oC), fusing is easy in being added to aluminum water.Flux melts cause addition
Agent block loose crushing, so as to alloying element powder melts rapidly.On the other hand, additive is than great, after being added in aluminum water
Furnace bottom is sunk to rapidly can, so as to by MgCl2Base fusion brings furnace bottom into.MgCl2After the fusing of base fusion, alloying element is broken away from
Powder floats.During floating, the alkali metal reaction with aluminum water is mingled with oxide and is contacted with hydrogen, reached except alkali gold
Category and the purpose of dehydrogenation remove impurity.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：Alloying element and refining agent are organically combined, and make invention both effects with alloying, and
With refining effect.Present invention MgCl2Base fusion makees flux, not only serves the work fluxed to alloying element powder
With also serving the effect of refine to aluminum water, be truly realized one multiplex.In addition, traditional alloying elements additive contains villiaumite,
A large amount of black smokes are produced during use, pollute environment.Not fluorine-containing salts of the invention, do not produce black smoke, improve environment during use.This
It is bright without toxicant, safety and environmental protection.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1：By electrolytic manganese piece grinds, the granularity of manganese powder is 0.6 millimeter（30 mesh）Below.Content is accounted for into MgCl2
Base fusion 70%（Mass percent）MgCl2With 30%（Mass percent）KCl heating fusings, cool down after stirring solidifying
Gu, then crush and be ground into powder, powder size reaches 0.6 millimeter（30 mesh）Hereinafter, form MgCl2Base fusion powder.
Take the MgCl of the manganese powder and 300g of 700g2Base fusion powder uniformly mixes, and is then pressed into the block per 1000 grams of block with forcing press
Body.
Embodiment 2：By electrolytic manganese piece grinds, the granularity of manganese powder is 0.6 millimeter（30 mesh）Below.Content is accounted for into MgCl2
Base fusion 40%（Mass percent）MgCl2With 60%（Mass percent）KCl heating fusings, cool down after stirring solidifying
Gu, then crush and be ground into powder, powder size reaches 0.6 millimeter（30 mesh）Hereinafter, form MgCl2Base fusion powder.
Take the MgCl of the manganese powder and 300g of 700g2Base fusion powder uniformly mixes, and is then pressed into the block per 1000 grams of block with forcing press
Body.
Embodiment 3：By electrolytic manganese piece grinds, the granularity of manganese powder is 0.6 millimeter（30 mesh）Below.Content is accounted for into MgCl2
Base fusion 58%（Mass percent）MgCl2With 42%（Mass percent）KCl heating fusings, cool down after stirring solidifying
Gu, then crush and be ground into powder, powder size reaches 0.6 millimeter（30 mesh）Hereinafter, form MgCl2Base fusion powder.
Take the MgCl of the manganese powder and 100g of 900g2Base fusion powder uniformly mixes, and is then pressed into the block per 1000 grams of block with forcing press
Body.
Embodiment 4：By metallic copper grinds, the granularity of copper powder is less than 1 millimeter.Content is accounted for into MgCl2Base fusion 50%
（Mass percent）MgCl2With 50%（Mass percent）NaCl heating fusings, cooled and solidified after stirring, then crush
And be ground into powder, powder size reaches less than 1 millimeter, forms MgCl2Base fusion powder.Take 1600g copper powder and
The MgCl of 400g2Base fusion powder uniformly mixes, and is then pressed into the block per 2000 grams of block with forcing press.
Embodiment 5：By Titanium grinds, the granularity of titanium valve is less than 1 millimeter.Content is accounted for into MgCl2Base fusion 65%
（Mass percent）MgCl2With 35%（Mass percent）NaCl heating fusings, cooled and solidified after stirring, then crush
And be ground into powder, powder size reaches less than 1 millimeter, forms MgCl2Base fusion powder.Take 1400g titanium valve and
The MgCl of 600g2Base fusion powder uniformly mixes, and is then pressed into the block per 2000 grams of block with forcing press.
Embodiment 6：By metal zirconium grinds, the granularity of zirconium powder is less than 1 millimeter.Content is accounted for into MgCl2Base fusion 60%
（Mass percent）MgCl2With 40%（Mass percent）NaCl heating fusings, cooled and solidified after stirring, then crush
And be ground into powder, powder size reaches less than 1 millimeter, forms MgCl2Base fusion powder.Take zirconium powder, the 250g of 700g
MgCl2The binding agent of base fusion powder and 50g uniformly mixes, and is then pressed into the block per 1000 grams of block with forcing press.
Embodiment 7：By electrolytic manganese piece grinds, the granularity of manganese powder is 0.6 millimeter（30 mesh）Below.By 50%（Quality percentage
Number）MgCl2、45%（Mass percent）NaCl and 5%（Mass percent）KCl heating fusings, cooled and solidified after stirring, then
The ingot of solidification is crushed and pulverized, powder size reaches 0.6 millimeter（30 mesh）Hereinafter, form MgCl2Base fusion powder.
Take zirconium powder, the MgCl of 6g of 14g2Base fusion powder uniformly mixes, and is then pressed into the mini block per 20 grams of block with forcing press.
Embodiment 8：By electrolytic manganese piece grinds, the granularity of manganese powder is 0.6 millimeter（30 mesh）Below.By 70%（Quality percentage
Number）MgCl2、25%（Mass percent）NaCl and 5%（Mass percent）KCl heating fusings, cooled and solidified after stirring, then
The ingot of solidification is crushed and pulverized, powder size reaches 0.6 millimeter（30 mesh）Hereinafter, form MgCl2Base fusion powder.
Take zirconium powder, the MgCl of 170g of 800g2The binding agent of base fusion powder and 30g uniformly mixes, and is then pressed into often with forcing press
The block that 1000 grams of block.
Embodiment 9：Purchase commodity reduced iron powder.By 52%（Mass percent）MgCl2、28%（Mass percent）NaCl and
20%（Mass percent）KCl heating fusings, cooled and solidified after stirring, then the ingot of solidification is crushed and pulverized, powder
Granularity reaches 0.6 millimeter（30 mesh）Hereinafter, form MgCl2Base fusion powder.Take iron powder, the MgCl of 200g of 800g2Base is fused
Thing powder uniformly mixes, and is then pressed into the block per 1000 grams of block with forcing press.
Embodiment 10：By crome metal grinds, the granularity of chromium powder is 0.6 millimeter（30 mesh）Below.By 60%（Quality percentage
Number）MgCl2、25%（Mass percent）NaCl and 15%（Mass percent）KCl heating fusings, cooled and solidified after stirring,
Again the ingot of solidification is crushed and pulverized, powder size reaches 0.6 millimeter（30 mesh）Hereinafter, form MgCl2Base fusion powder
End.Take chromium powder, the MgCl of 200g of 800g2Base fusion powder uniformly mixes, and is then pressed into per 1000 grams of block with forcing press
Block.
Embodiment 11：10000 kilograms of alumals of production, the trade mark 3003 set manganese content as 1.2%.First melting 9900
Kilogram A00 aluminium ingots and part waste material.Initial manganese content 0.2% in aluminum water.In order to obtain 1.2% manganese content, 100 kilograms need to be added
Manganese.After aluminium ingot melts, volume rated temperature 730 is reachedoC, takes 118 kilograms of 85Mn alloy additions（Containing 85%Mn, 15%
MgCl2Base fusion）In input aluminum water.Wherein（118*0.85）=100 kilograms of Mn alloyings, make alloying component reach 1.2%；
（118*0.15）=18 kilograms of MgCl2Base fusion is refined to aluminum crystal.Alloying and refine twice work are completed after mixing uniformly
Sequence.
Claims (3)
1. it is a kind of for aluminium alloy production alloying element additive, it is characterised in that the group of described alloying element additive
Into including alloying element powder to be added, MgCl2Base fusion powder and binding agent, consisting of alloying element powder
70—90 wt%、MgCl210 30 wt% of base fusion powder；05 wt% of binding agent, the mass percent of three components are total
With for 100%；Described alloying element powder is Mn, a kind of pure metal powder in Fe, Cr, Cu, Ti or Zr；Described MgCl2
Base fusion is MgCl2With the fusion of NaCl, consisting of MgCl250 65 wt%, remaining is NaCl, the matter of two components
Amount percent summation is 100%；Described MgCl2Base fusion is MgCl2With the fusion of KCl, consisting of MgCl2 40-70
Wt%, remaining is KCl, and the mass percent summation of two components is 100%；Described MgCl2Base fusion is MgCl2, KCl and
The fusion of NaCl, consisting of MgCl25 20 wt% of 25 45 wt% of 50 70 wt%, NaCl, KCl, three components
Mass percent summation be 100%.
2. it is a kind of for aluminium alloy production alloying element additive preparation method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1：Required alloying element is made into powder, powder size is less than 1.0 millimeters；
Step 2：Prepare MgCl2Base fusion powder:By MgCl2- KCl or MgCl2- NaCl or MgCl2- KCl-NaCl, presses
Certain proportioning mixing, mix homogeneously after heating fusing, then its cooling solidification is made, crushed after solidification and be ground into powder,
Powder size is less than 1.0 millimeters；
Described MgCl2- NaCl is MgCl2With the fusion of NaCl, proportioning is MgCl250 65 wt%, remaining is NaCl, two
The mass percent summation of individual component is 100%；Described MgCl2- KCl is MgCl2With the fusion of KCl, proportioning is MgCl2
40-70 wt%, remaining is KCl, and the mass percent summation of two components is 100%；Described MgCl2- KCl-NaCl is
MgCl2, KCl and NaCl fusion, proportioning is MgCl25 20 wt% of 25 45 wt% of 50 70 wt%, NaCl, KCl,
The mass percent summation of three components is 100%；
Step 3：By alloying element powder, MgCl2Base fusion powder and binding according to 70 90 wt% of alloying element powder,
MgCl210 30 wt% of base fusion powder；The proportioning of 05 wt% of binding agent uniformly mixes, the mass percent of three components
Summation is 100%；
Step 4：Uniform mixed powder is pressed into the block of specified weight with forcing press.
3. it is according to claim 2 it is a kind of for aluminium alloy production alloying element additive preparation method, its feature
It is that the block is round pie, and weight is 20 2000 grams.
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| CN106367626B (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-12-01 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | A kind of alloying element additive of the fluxing agent containing salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride and preparation method thereof |
| CN106498216B (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2018-01-16 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | A kind of preparation method of villaumite fusion refining agent |
| CN111254301A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-06-09 | 昆明冶金研究院有限公司 | Efficient environment-friendly titanium additive and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111235418A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-06-05 | 昆明冶金研究院有限公司 | Method for producing aluminum alloy flux by recycling byproducts and waste heat in titanium sponge production |
| CN111270096A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-06-12 | 昆明冶金研究院有限公司 | Efficient environment-friendly aluminum alloy additive and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111961925B (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2022-04-08 | 佛山市三水凤铝铝业有限公司 | Preparation method of aluminum alloy cast rod |
| CN114959324A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-08-30 | 哈尔滨东盛金材科技股份有限公司 | Zirconium additive for aluminum alloy smelting and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US2911297A (en) * | 1956-05-05 | 1959-11-03 | Hugo Wachenfeld | Processes for the introduction of alloying constituents into metal melts |
| US3935004A (en) * | 1973-09-20 | 1976-01-27 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | Addition of alloying constituents to aluminum |
| SU1033563A1 (en) * | 1982-04-14 | 1983-08-07 | Братский алюминиевый завод | Composition for treating aluminium alloys |
| CN1017353B (en) * | 1989-04-03 | 1992-07-08 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Additive for smelting aluminium alloy |
| CA2668473C (en) * | 2009-06-08 | 2014-08-19 | Pyrotek, Inc. | Use of a binary salt flux of nacl and mgcl2 for the purification of aluminum or aluminum alloys, and method thereof |
| CN104120293A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-10-29 | Smc(中国)有限公司 | Refining composition and smelting method of aluminum or aluminum alloy |
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