CN105161849B

CN105161849B - Microwave ultra-wideband antenna

Info

Publication number: CN105161849B
Application number: CN201510409640.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李翊; 钟崔林
Original assignee: Shenzhen Protruly Electronic Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Protruly Electronic Co Ltd
Priority date: 2015-07-13
Filing date: 2015-07-13
Publication date: 2020-04-28
Anticipated expiration: 2035-07-13
Also published as: CN105161849A

Abstract

The invention discloses a microwave ultra-wideband antenna which comprises a dielectric substrate, wherein a circular metal sheet is covered in the middle of the front surface of the dielectric substrate, a rectangular metal grounding sheet is covered on one edge of the back surface of the dielectric substrate, the projection of the circular metal sheet is separated from the projection of the metal grounding sheet, a rectangular metal conduction band radially extends out of the circular metal sheet on the front surface of the dielectric substrate to one edge of the metal grounding sheet, the metal grounding sheet is electrically connected with the edge of the dielectric substrate, and the rectangular metal conduction band part connecting the projection of the circular metal sheet and the projection of the metal grounding sheet is a feed port band. The invention has the advantages of small return loss, good impedance matching and wider impedance bandwidth without special tools.

Description

Microwave ultra-wideband antenna

Technical Field

The invention relates to an antenna, in particular to a microwave ultra-wideband antenna which is small in return loss, good in impedance matching and wide in impedance bandwidth.

Background

Ultra-wideband, also known as impulse radio, dates back to the 19 th century. Ultra wideband technology was originally developed as military radar technology in 1960, and was primarily used in the field of radar technology in the early days. Ultra-wideband refers to a signal bandwidth greater than 500MHz or a ratio of signal bandwidth to center frequency greater than 25%. Unlike common communication schemes that use continuous carriers, ultra-wideband uses extremely short pulsed signals to convey information, typically lasting only a few tens of picoseconds to a few nanoseconds per pulse. The bandwidth occupied by these pulses is even up to several GHz, so the maximum data transmission rate can reach several hundred Mbps. At the same time of high-speed communication, the transmission power of the ultra-wideband device is very small, which is only a few percent of that of the existing device, and is similar to noise for a common non-ultra-wideband receiver, so that theoretically, the ultra-wideband can share the bandwidth with the existing radio device. Therefore, ultra-wideband is a high-speed and low-power data communication method, and is expected to be widely applied in the field of wireless communication. The ultra-wideband wireless communication technology is a research hotspot rapidly by virtue of the characteristics of high transmission rate, good confidentiality, strong interference resistance and the like, and is considered as one of the key technologies of the next generation of wireless communication. The ultra-wideband radio technology has wide application prospect in a plurality of fields such as wireless communication, radar, tracking, accurate positioning, weapon control and the like. The traditional ultra-wideband antenna has large volume, low efficiency and complex feed, and is difficult to ensure the basic constancy and small fluctuation of the directivity, the impedance characteristic and the axial ratio of the antenna in a wide frequency band range. The realization of the antenna becomes an important problem in the design of the ultra-wideband antenna on the basis of ensuring the wide impedance bandwidth and the high transmitting power.

With the development of microwave technology, the antenna is intelligent and has wide frequency band, and the antenna is required to be convenient to manufacture and can be produced in batch. Typical ultra-wideband antennas include log periodic antennas, traveling wave antennas, horn antennas, etc., which can achieve several octaves of operating bandwidth, but have the disadvantage of large size, which is limited by the application. The ultra-wideband antenna is designed by adopting a circular metal radiating sheet. Compared with a waveguide horn antenna, the antenna has the advantages of simple structure, small size, low cost and convenience in installation, and the working frequency band of the antenna is wide compared with that of a rectangular patch antenna; the antenna is particularly suitable for a vehicle-mounted radar receiver plane antenna and is used for receiving electromagnetic wave signals sent by an X-frequency, K-frequency and Ka-frequency speed measuring radar.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a microwave ultra-wideband antenna which has the advantages of small return loss, good impedance matching and wider impedance bandwidth.

The invention is realized by the following technical measures, and the microwave ultra-wideband antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, wherein a round metal sheet is covered at the middle part of the front surface of the dielectric substrate, a rectangular metal grounding sheet is covered at one edge of the back surface of the dielectric substrate, the projection of the round metal sheet is separated from the projection of the metal grounding sheet, a rectangular metal conduction band radially extends towards one edge of the metal grounding sheet from the round metal sheet on the front surface of the dielectric substrate and is electrically connected with the metal grounding sheet from the edge of the dielectric substrate, and the rectangular metal conduction band part connecting the projection of the round metal sheet and the projection of the metal grounding sheet is a feed port band.

In a preferable mode, the size of the dielectric substrate is 60mm × 70 mm; the thickness is 0.254mm-1.6 mm.

Preferably, the diameter of the round metal sheet is 1mm-12 mm; the rectangular metal conduction band is 1mm-40mm long and 0.5mm-3mm wide.

Preferably, the length of the feed port strip is 0.3mm-4mm, and the width of the feed port strip is 0.5mm-3 mm.

Preferably, the dielectric substrate is FR4 dielectric substrate.

Preferably, the dielectric substrate has a relative dielectric constant of 2.2 to 11.

The front round metal layer and the back metal layer grounding pieces are distributed on two sides of the medium substrate, and the design provides good impedance matching, so that the antenna has the characteristics of high radiation efficiency and small pulse distortion. The invention has small return loss and good impedance matching. The circular metal sheet expands the working bandwidth of the antenna, obtains a wider impedance bandwidth, and has a simple structure and convenient design.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a backside structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a data diagram of design simulation performed by the electromagnetic simulation software CST microwave studio according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples and drawings.

A microwave ultra-wideband antenna is shown in figure 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of the front face of the antenna and comprises a dielectric substrate 1 with the size of 60mm multiplied by 70mm and the thickness of 0.254mm-1.6mm, wherein a circular metal sheet 2 covers the middle part of the front face of the dielectric substrate 1, and a rectangular metal conduction band 4 connected with the circular metal sheet 2 is 5mm-40mm long and 0.5-3mm wide; fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the back of the antenna, a rectangular metal grounding plate 5 is covered on one edge of the back of the dielectric substrate 1, a rectangular metal conduction band 4 radially extends from the circular metal plate 2 on the front of the dielectric substrate 1 to one edge of the metal grounding plate 5, the metal grounding plate 5 is electrically connected from the edge of the dielectric substrate 1, the rectangular metal conduction band part connecting the projection of the circular metal plate 2 and the projection of the metal grounding plate 5 is a feed port band 3, the feed port band 3 has a length of 0.3mm-4mm and a width of 0.5mm-3 mm.

The antenna is designed and simulated by using an electromagnetic simulation software CST microwave working chamber, and the obtained experimental result is shown in figure 3. In the frequency band of 10GHz-40GHz, the return loss of the antenna is less than-10 dB, and the impedance matching is good. The front round metal layer 2 and the back metal layer grounding piece 5 are distributed on two sides of the dielectric substrate 1, and the design provides good impedance matching, so that the antenna has the characteristics of high radiation efficiency and small pulse distortion. The circular metal sheet 2 expands the working bandwidth of the antenna, obtains a wider impedance bandwidth, and has a simple structure and convenient design.

Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 2, in the microwave ultra-wideband antenna of this embodiment, on the basis of the foregoing technical solution, it may be specifically that the dielectric substrate 1 is an FR4 dielectric substrate.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the microwave ultra-wideband antenna of the present embodiment may further include a dielectric substrate 1 having a relative dielectric constant of 2.2 to 11 based on the foregoing technical solutions.

The microwave ultra-wideband antenna of the present invention has been described above for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments, and any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the principle of the present invention shall be regarded as equivalent replacements within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microwave ultra-wideband antenna is characterized in that: the medium substrate comprises a medium substrate, wherein a circular metal sheet is covered in the middle of the front surface of the medium substrate, a rectangular metal grounding sheet is covered on one edge of the back surface of the medium substrate, the projection of the circular metal sheet is separated from the projection of the metal grounding sheet, a rectangular metal conduction band radially extends from the circular metal sheet on the front surface of the medium substrate to one edge of the metal grounding sheet and is electrically connected with the metal grounding sheet from the edge of the medium substrate, and the rectangular metal conduction band part connecting the projection of the circular metal sheet and the projection of the metal grounding sheet is a feed port band; the size of the dielectric substrate is 60mm multiplied by 70 mm; the thickness is 0.254mm-1.6 mm; the diameter of the round metal sheet is 1mm-12 mm; the length of the rectangular metal conduction band is 1mm-40mm, and the width of the rectangular metal conduction band is 0.5mm-3 mm; the length of the feed port belt is 0.3mm-4mm, and the width of the feed port belt is 0.5mm-3 mm; the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is 2.2-11.

2. The microwave ultra-wideband antenna of claim 1, wherein: the dielectric substrate is an FR4 dielectric substrate.