CN105161561A - 一种半透明的碲锌镉薄膜太阳电池 - Google Patents

一种半透明的碲锌镉薄膜太阳电池 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN105161561A
CN105161561A CN201510404295.3A CN201510404295A CN105161561A CN 105161561 A CN105161561 A CN 105161561A CN 201510404295 A CN201510404295 A CN 201510404295A CN 105161561 A CN105161561 A CN 105161561A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
solar cell
film
film solar
transparent
cdznte
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201510404295.3A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
武莉莉
冯良桓
李卫
张静全
王文武
徐航
黎兵
曾广根
刘才
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sichuan University
Original Assignee
Sichuan University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sichuan University filed Critical Sichuan University
Priority to CN201510404295.3A priority Critical patent/CN105161561A/zh
Publication of CN105161561A publication Critical patent/CN105161561A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/06Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers
    • H01L31/065Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the graded gap type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/0248Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
    • H01L31/0256Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
    • H01L31/0264Inorganic materials
    • H01L31/0296Inorganic materials including, apart from doping material or other impurities, only AIIBVI compounds, e.g. CdS, ZnS, HgCdTe
    • H01L31/02966Inorganic materials including, apart from doping material or other impurities, only AIIBVI compounds, e.g. CdS, ZnS, HgCdTe including ternary compounds, e.g. HgCdTe
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/0248Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
    • H01L31/0352Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10Photovoltaic [PV]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明属于新能源材料与器件领域,特别涉及一种用于建筑物外墙的半透明的碲锌镉薄膜太阳电池。本发明以碲锌镉薄膜作为薄膜太阳电池的吸收层材料,碲锌镉是直接带隙半导体,对可见光的吸收系数高且其禁带宽度可随着锌含量的增加从1.5eV变化到2.2eV,因此可以通过调制锌、镉元素的比例制备出具有不同颜色的薄膜材料,再加上前后的透明电极就能形成半透明的薄膜太阳电池结构。这种半透明的薄膜太阳电池既能透过部分太阳光,也能以较高的转换效率发电,从而成为建筑一体化的理想幕墙。

Description

一种半透明的碲锌镉薄膜太阳电池
技术领域
本项发明所属领域为新能源领域,特别涉及一种用于建筑物外墙的半透明薄膜太阳电池。
背景技术
太阳电池利用太阳能产生电能,但由于太阳光的功率密度较低而且太阳电池的转换效率不高,使太阳电池电站的建设需要占用大面积的土地来接受足够的阳光。在人口比较集中的城市和地区,从节约土地的观点出发,光伏一体化建筑应运而生。光伏一体化建筑的特点是将太阳电池覆盖在建筑表面,使建筑物的墙面同时具有光伏发电的功能,满足部分建筑物内的电力消耗,从而有效实现节能减排的目的。
目前用于光伏一体化建筑的太阳电池有单晶硅电池,多晶硅电池和非晶硅电池,单晶硅和多晶硅电池的特点是转换效率高,工艺成熟,能够大面积安装于建筑墙面等。但是这两种电池不具有透光的特点,不能用于对采光要求较高的建筑,因此半透明的太阳电池更加适合作为光伏一体化的建筑使用。非晶硅薄膜电池已经成功用于建筑,但是硅材料是间接带隙半导体,对太阳光的吸收系数较低,再加上它是非晶材料,这类单结电池组件的转换效率通常只有7~8%左右,发电效率很低。
中国专利CN101276854A和CN102254966A均提出的是碲锌镉薄膜太阳电池,其特点是通过利用具有渐变带隙的碲锌镉薄膜作为电池的吸收层,从而提高对太阳光谱的吸收范围。但是这种碲锌镉薄膜太阳电池由于吸收层有几百~几千纳米的碲锌镉或碲化镉薄膜,还有几十纳米不透明的背电极材料,使得整个电池不透光,因此不适合用作建筑物的半透明幕墙。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提出一种高效新型的半透明薄膜太阳电池。该方法的基本思想是利用碲锌镉薄膜作为薄膜太阳电池的吸收层材料,由于碲锌镉是直接带隙半导体,对可见光的吸收系数高达105cm-1,且其禁带宽度随着锌、镉的相对含量从1.5eV可变化到2.2eV,因此可以通过调制锌、镉元素的比例制备出具有不同可见光吸收边(不同颜色)的薄膜材料,再加上前后的透明电极就可以形成半透明的薄膜太阳电池结构。这种半透明的薄膜太阳电池既能透过部分太阳光,也能以较高的转换效率发电,从而成为建筑一体化的理想幕墙。
为实现本发明目的,本发明由以下措施构成的技术方案来实现。在白玻璃衬底上依次制备透明导电膜层、n型窗口层、碲锌镉吸收层、透明背电极层。透明导电膜(简称TCO)为ITO、SnO2:F(FTO)或ZnO:Al(ZTO)等n型材料,n型窗口层材料为CdS或ZnS薄膜。我们前期的研究结果表明,碲化镉薄膜的禁带宽度与锌组份x的关系式为Eg=1.525+0.675x,因此半透明的Cd1-xZnxTe吸收层的x应在0.1~1之间,且厚度为100nm~500nm。电池结构有如下两种,(1)上述Cd1-xZnxTe薄膜为本征材料,电池采用n-i-p结构,n型CdS或ZnS薄膜为窗口层材料,Cd1-xZnxTe本征吸收层作为i层,ZnTe:Cu薄膜作为p型背接触层,透明背电极采用p型透明导电薄膜(CuAlO2或ZnO:N),如图1。(2)上述Cd1-xZnxTe薄膜是p型材料(如掺铜后),电池采用n-p结构,n型ZnS薄膜为窗口层材料,Cd1-xZnxTe薄膜材料作为p层,透明背电极采用石墨烯材料,如图2。
附图说明
图1为TCO/CdS/Cd1-xZnxTe/ZnTe:Cu/p型透明导电膜结构的碲锌镉薄膜太阳电池。
图2为TCO/ZnS/Cd1-xZnxTe:Cu/石墨烯结构的碲锌镉薄膜太阳电池。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明,但本发明的内容不仅限于实施例中涉及的内容。
实施例一
第一种半透明的Cd1-xZnxTe薄膜太阳电池结构如图1所示,电池为n-i-p结构。在SnO2:F/CdS室温基底上,先将CdTe和ZnTe一起共蒸发到衬底形成Cd1-xZnxTe薄膜,x在0.1~1之间,厚度为100nm~500nm。将蒸发获得的Cd1-xZnxTe薄膜取出,在干燥氮气中300℃~350℃退火,保温30分钟,然后自然冷却到室温。用蒸发的方法在Cd1-xZnxTe薄膜上制备ZnTe:Cu薄膜,厚度50nm,然后在退火炉氮气气氛进行150℃~200℃热处理。最后用溅射方法镀200nmZnO:N薄膜作p型透明背电极。由此得到第一种半透明的Cd1-xZnxTe薄膜太阳电池。
实施例二
第二种半透明的Cd1-xZnxTe薄膜太阳电池结构如图2所示,电池为n-p结构。在SnO2:F/ZnS室温基底上,先将CdTe、ZnTe和Cu三个靶一起共溅射到衬底形成Cd1-xZnxTe:Cu薄膜,x在0.1~1之间,厚度为100nm~500nm。将溅射获得的Cd1-xZnxTe:Cu薄膜取出,在干燥氮气中300℃~350℃退火,保温30分钟,然后自然冷却到室温。用溅射方法镀50层石墨烯薄膜作透明背电极。由此得到第二种半透明的Cd1-xZnxTe薄膜太阳电池。

Claims (7)

1.一种半透明的碲锌镉薄膜太阳电池,其特征是具有如下两种结构:(1)TCO/CdS/Cd1-xZnxTe/ZnTe:Cu/透明背电极;(2)TCO/CdS/Cd1-xZnxTe:Cu/透明背电极。
2.如权利要求1所述的结构为TCO/CdS/Cd1-xZnxTe/ZnTe:Cu/透明背电极的半透明碲锌镉薄膜太阳电池,其特征是在TCO/CdS衬底上先沉积一层Cd1-xZnxTe薄膜,然后顺序沉积ZnTe:Cu薄膜和透明背电极。
3.如权利要求1所述的结构为TCO/CdS/Cd1-xZnxTe:Cu/透明背电极的半透明碲锌镉薄膜太阳电池,其特征是在TCO/CdS衬底上先沉积一层Cd1-xZnxTe:Cu薄膜,然后沉积透明背电极。
4.如权利要求1所述的半透明碲锌镉薄膜太阳电池,其特征是Cd1-xZnxTe薄膜的x应满足0.1≤x≤1,相应薄膜的带隙在1.6eV~2.2eV之间变化。
5.如权利要求1所述的半透明碲锌镉薄膜太阳电池,其特征是Cd1-xZnxTe或Cd1-xZnxTe:Cu薄膜的厚度在100nm~500nm。
6.如权利要求1所述的半透明碲锌镉薄膜太阳电池,其特征是p型Cd1-xZnxTe:Cu薄膜采用Cu作掺杂剂。
7.如权利要求1所述的半透明碲锌镉薄膜太阳电池,其特征是透明背电极采用p型透明导电膜(CuAlO2或p-ZnO)或者石墨烯。
CN201510404295.3A 2015-07-13 2015-07-13 一种半透明的碲锌镉薄膜太阳电池 Pending CN105161561A (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201510404295.3A CN105161561A (zh) 2015-07-13 2015-07-13 一种半透明的碲锌镉薄膜太阳电池

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201510404295.3A CN105161561A (zh) 2015-07-13 2015-07-13 一种半透明的碲锌镉薄膜太阳电池

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN105161561A true CN105161561A (zh) 2015-12-16

Family

ID=54802374

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201510404295.3A Pending CN105161561A (zh) 2015-07-13 2015-07-13 一种半透明的碲锌镉薄膜太阳电池

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN105161561A (zh)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105789455A (zh) * 2016-03-24 2016-07-20 浙江零维光伏科技有限公司 一种用于有机薄膜太阳能电池的元素掺杂方法
CN109545881A (zh) * 2018-10-29 2019-03-29 四川大学 一种基于单晶硅片衬底的CdS/CdTe太阳电池
CN110544729A (zh) * 2019-08-09 2019-12-06 中山瑞科新能源有限公司 一种CdTe双面太阳能电池及其制备方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101276854A (zh) * 2008-05-09 2008-10-01 上海太阳能电池研究与发展中心 碲锌镉薄膜太阳能电池
CN102254966A (zh) * 2011-06-23 2011-11-23 上海太阳能电池研究与发展中心 具有渐变带隙结构的碲锌镉薄膜太阳能电池
CN102893408A (zh) * 2010-05-13 2013-01-23 第一太阳能有限公司 光伏器件导电层
US20140000690A1 (en) * 2011-03-15 2014-01-02 Victor V. Plotnikov Intrinsically Semitransparent Solar Cell and Method of Making Same

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101276854A (zh) * 2008-05-09 2008-10-01 上海太阳能电池研究与发展中心 碲锌镉薄膜太阳能电池
CN102893408A (zh) * 2010-05-13 2013-01-23 第一太阳能有限公司 光伏器件导电层
US20140000690A1 (en) * 2011-03-15 2014-01-02 Victor V. Plotnikov Intrinsically Semitransparent Solar Cell and Method of Making Same
CN102254966A (zh) * 2011-06-23 2011-11-23 上海太阳能电池研究与发展中心 具有渐变带隙结构的碲锌镉薄膜太阳能电池

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105789455A (zh) * 2016-03-24 2016-07-20 浙江零维光伏科技有限公司 一种用于有机薄膜太阳能电池的元素掺杂方法
CN109545881A (zh) * 2018-10-29 2019-03-29 四川大学 一种基于单晶硅片衬底的CdS/CdTe太阳电池
CN110544729A (zh) * 2019-08-09 2019-12-06 中山瑞科新能源有限公司 一种CdTe双面太阳能电池及其制备方法

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN104518052B (zh) 制造具有高量子效率的光伏器件的方法
KR102350885B1 (ko) 태양 전지
US20100200059A1 (en) Dual-side light-absorbing thin film solar cell
CN110429145A (zh) 一种硒化锑薄膜太阳电池及其制备方法
KR20120063324A (ko) 양면 태양전지
KR101848853B1 (ko) 반투명 cigs 태양전지 및 이의 제조방법 및 이를 구비하는 건물일체형 태양광 발전 모듈
KR20130111815A (ko) 태양전지 및 이의 제조방법
CN105161561A (zh) 一种半透明的碲锌镉薄膜太阳电池
US20120204947A1 (en) Solar Cell and Manufacturing Method Thereof
US20130056054A1 (en) High work function low resistivity back contact for thin film solar cells
KR20130042732A (ko) 태양전지 모듈 및 이의 제조방법
CN104810429A (zh) 制造包括具有表面层的吸收层的光伏器件的方法
CN104600146A (zh) 一种双面薄膜太阳能电池
CN104882511B (zh) 具有合适原子分布的i‑iii‑vi2化合物吸收件的光伏器件制造方法
CN104952982B (zh) 通过合适的热处理制造光伏器件的方法
CN103975443A (zh) 太阳能电池和使用其的太阳能电池模块
KR20120043315A (ko) 화합물 반도체 광 흡수층을 구비한 태양전지
Sabbar et al. A fabricated solar cell from ZnO/a-Si/polymers
KR101180998B1 (ko) 태양전지 및 이의 제조방법
KR101823689B1 (ko) 태양전지 모듈 및 이의 제조방법
CN206878022U (zh) 一种多晶硅薄膜太阳能电池
KR101305603B1 (ko) 태양전지 및 이의 제조방법
CN104916716B (zh) 用于光伏器件的吸收层及其制造方法
KR101628365B1 (ko) 태양전지 및 이의 제조방법
KR101283174B1 (ko) 태양전지 및 이의 제조방법

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication

Application publication date: 20151216

WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication