CN105158339B - The test system and test method of longitudinal and shear wave Integral ultrasonic probe, elasticity modulus and distribution - Google Patents
The test system and test method of longitudinal and shear wave Integral ultrasonic probe, elasticity modulus and distribution Download PDFInfo
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- CN105158339B CN105158339B CN201510508158.4A CN201510508158A CN105158339B CN 105158339 B CN105158339 B CN 105158339B CN 201510508158 A CN201510508158 A CN 201510508158A CN 105158339 B CN105158339 B CN 105158339B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the test systems and test method of a kind of longitudinal and shear wave Integral ultrasonic probe, elasticity modulus and distribution.The present invention is equipped on manual C imagings scanner, the two shaft position information of sliding motion XY that gains freedom feedback realizes elasticity modulus and distribution quantitatively characterizing using imaging technique by designing transverse and longitudinal wave Integral ultrasonic probe.The present invention is based on the elasticity modulus and distribution test method of transverse and longitudinal wave Integral ultrasonic probe, combined echocardiography automatic scanning, virtual instrument technique and ultrasonic signal analysis quick and precisely obtain the heterogeneous respectively elasticity modulus to same unlike material and distribution with technologies such as processing, digital imageries, are suitable for heterogeneous anisotropic flat-type Modulus of Composites and distribution tests.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of non-destructive testing classes, and in particular to a kind of longitudinal and shear wave Integral ultrasonic probe, elasticity modulus
And the test system and test method of distribution.
Background technology
Non-destructive testing NDT is to ensure product quality and performance, the important means of steady production technique in modern industry field.
Its technical merit can reflect the department, the sector, this area even industrial technology level of the country.
And ultrasonic detecting technology UT always is the hot spot of non-destructive testing research, in the documents and materials of external non-destructive testing,
Ratio in relation to ultrasound detection content accounts for about 45%, and ultrasonic detecting technology is also to use most in five big conventional non-destructive testing technologies
More one kind.Compared with other conventional non-destructive testing technologies, it has detection object range wide, and detection depth is big；Defect location
Accurately, high sensitivity；It is at low cost, it is easy to use；Speed is fast, it is harmless and convenient for onsite application the features such as.Therefore, UT
Be domestic and international application most extensively, frequency of use highest, and develop a kind of faster lossless inspection technology, this, which is embodied in, improves product matter
The reliability and peace in each stage and guarantee machine parts that amount, product design, processing and manufacturing, finished product detection and equipment are on active service
In full property.
In the prior art, the detection that elasticity modulus is carried out using ultrasonic detecting technology is to test ultrasonic wave respectively in sample
In propagation time and specimen length obtain vertical or horizontal spread speed, then calculate acquire elasticity modulus numerical value.On but
It is complicated and expensive to state method device therefor, it is commonly used to be restricted；And above-mentioned detection method is that monodrome measures, cannot
Directly obtain the elasticity modulus distribution of entire planar materials；Meanwhile the ultrasonic detecting technology of the prior art is carrying out elasticity modulus
When detection, automation, image conversion can not achieve.
Invention content
[technical problems to be solved]
Present invention aim to address above-mentioned prior art problem, a kind of longitudinal and shear wave Integral ultrasonic probe, bullet are provided
Property modulus and the test system and test method of distribution.Elasticity proposed by the present invention based on transverse and longitudinal wave Integral ultrasonic probe
Modulus and distribution test method, combined echocardiography automatic scanning, virtual instrument technique and ultrasonic signal analysis and processing, digital imagery
Etc. technologies quick and precisely obtain the heterogeneous respectively elasticity modulus to same unlike material and distribution, it is flat suitable for heterogeneous anisotropic
Plate class Modulus of Composites and distribution tests.
[technical solution]
In order to reach above-mentioned technique effect, the present invention takes following technical scheme：
The present invention is popped one's head in by designing transverse and longitudinal wave Integral ultrasonic, is equipped on manual C imagings scanner, obtained from
It is fed back by two shaft position information of sliding motion XY, elasticity modulus and distribution quantitatively characterizing is realized using imaging technique.
A kind of longitudinal and shear wave Integral ultrasonic probe, it includes the shell of bottom opening, damping block, piezo crystals in shell
Piece and inclined wedge；The piezoelectric chip is respectively placed in damping block bottom and is positioned on inclined wedge, the shell and damping block, inclined wedge it
Between filling sucting sound material；First piezoelectric chip is placed on inclined wedge horizontal plane so that the ultrasonic wave that the first piezoelectric chip generates
Longitudinal wave is placed on perpendicular to test block plane, second piezoelectric chip on inclined wedge inclined surface；The inclined wedge inclined surface is by upper and lower
Two sections of material forms, and the contact surface of the two sections of material up and down is horizontal by an angle；The piezoelectric chip draws respectively
Go out cable, and shell is involved by the opening of shell side；The opening seal with elastometic washer.
The further technical solution of the present invention, the inclined wedge horizontal plane material and the inclined wedge inclined surface lower part material
Unanimously.
The further technical solution of the present invention, the inclined wedge horizontal plane material, inclined wedge inclined surface lower part material and survey
The acoustic impedance difference of material for test is 0~8Pa.s/m, and density contrast is 0~1.0kg/m2。
The material for preparing of the further technical solution of the present invention, the inclined wedge is acoustic window material；Described two up and down
The material that the included angle of the contact surface and horizontal plane that divide material is used according to the angle of inclination and top and the bottom of inclined wedge inclined surface
It determines, so that the ultrasonic wave longitudinal wave that the second piezoelectric chip generates is fully converted to the shear wave vertical with test block plane.
A kind of elasticity modulus and the test system of distribution, it includes above-mentioned longitudinal and shear wave Integral ultrasonic probe, is also wrapped
Include computer display terminal, data collecting instrument, manual C imaging scanners and two-way draw wire encoder.
The further technical solution of the present invention, the longitudinal and shear wave Integral ultrasonic probe are equipped on manual C imagings and sweep
It looks on device, and is connected on data collecting instrument by two cables on longitudinal and shear wave Integral ultrasonic probe；It is described two-way
Draw wire encoder is mounted on the manual C imagings scanner, is connect with displacement sensor, two on institute's displacement sensors
Cable is connected on data collecting instrument；The data collecting instrument connects computer display terminal and shows data transmission computer eventually
It is analyzed at end.
The test method of above-mentioned elasticity modulus and the test system of distribution, it includes the following steps：
First, the manual C equipped with longitudinal and shear wave Integral ultrasonic probe and two-way draw wire encoder is imaged scanner
It is positioned over progress contact plane scanning in test block plane；
Then, the inspection when longitudinal and shear wave Integral ultrasonic probe selects contact pulse echo method to carry out ultrasonic sound
It surveys, obtain and feeds back that the first piezoelectric chip is incident on the longitudinal wave velocity of test block operating position and the second piezoelectric chip is incident on survey
The transverse wave velocity of test specimen operating position；The two-way location information of X, Y is determined using the two-way draw wire encoder, then pass through simultaneously
Institute's displacement sensors feedback position information is to data collecting instrument；
Finally, data collecting instrument analyzes longitudinal wave velocity, transverse wave velocity and its relative position, is based on Shicha algorithm meter
The elastic mould value of each point in test block plane is calculated, and transmits information to computer display terminal, elasticity modulus is obtained and its divides
Cloth simultaneously carries out gray scale or colour imaging.
In the present invention, the piezoelectric chip used is the effect realized acoustic-electric and mutually converted；Damping block adds for absorbing acoustic energy
Big damping；Fixing shell is additionally provided in order to fixing internal element outside the damping block and piezoelectric chip；It is protected since inclined wedge has
The effect of cuticula, therefore the present invention need not separately installed protective film again.
Elastic wave propagation principle, when a branch of ultrasonic wave is with the boundary between certain different acoustic impedance mediums of two kinds of inclination angle arrival
When face, the conversion of wave mode can occur in interface.At this point, part energy is reflected in the first medium by interface, angle of reflection
Equal to incidence angle, another part energy enters in second of medium, forms longitudinal wave and the two kinds of ultrasonic wave of shear wave.Each
The speed of Acoustic Wave Propagation is determined by certain characteristics of medium itself in medium, such as elasticity modulus and density.
The generation of shear wave is based on Snell theorems, i.e.,：
Wherein, C is the velocity of sound, and L1 is the longitudinal wave of first medium, and L2 is the longitudinal wave of second medium, and S1 is shear wave, and α is incidence
Angle, β are refraction angle.
When longitudinal wave travels to the faster inclined wedge of velocity of wave from the slower organic glass of velocity of wave, or it is organic faster from velocity of wave
When glass travels to velocity of wave slower inclined wedge composite material, it is more than a special incidence angle, refracted longitudinal wave is made to disappear, and only protects
Refracted shear wave is stayed, and makes the direction of propagation of refracted shear wave vertical with the bottom end of inclined wedge, and tested plane is entered by inclined wedge
In test specimen.Above-mentioned special incident angle is exactly first critical angle.
The present invention is to ensure that most of energy across inclined wedge shear wave can enter in tested plane test specimen, should make inclined wedge
Material character is consistent or close with tested plane material for test as possible, is mainly reflected in the physical properties such as acoustic impedance or density and connects
Close material.When medium determines, first critical angle can be calculated by Snell laws：
The present invention selects the top and the bottom material of inclined wedge, then by right first on the basis of test block material determines
The adjustment of the included angle of above-mentioned contact surface and horizontal plane obtains incident compressional angle degree and is more than first critical angle degree, made to indulge
Wave is fully converted to shear wave, and transverse and longitudinal wave is each perpendicular to test block plane, and keeps oneself original frequency, wavelength, vibration
The characteristics such as direction are simultaneously advanced according to the original direction of propagation, are not interfered with each other.Since transverse and longitudinal wave is non-interference, mutual not shadow
It rings, work independently, each serve as the purpose that transverse and longitudinal wave detects jointly.
The elasticity modulus of the present invention and the test system of distribution are to calculate elasticity modulus based on Shicha algorithm first；Then can
Enough pulse transmitting-receivings realized to reception device is motivated by ultrasound and data acquisition function control；It can finally obtain two-way position encoded
The signal of device feedback provides position to form distribution map.
Since liquid does not have modulus of shearing, shear wave, so immersion type cannot be used, can not can only be selected by liquid transmissive
It is detected when contact pulse echo method carries out ultrasonic sound to obtain the elasticity modulus of test specimen.Transverse and longitudinal wave integrative ultrasonic probe carries
In on manual C imaging scanners, two axis of XY with location information feedback may be implemented in the mating two-way draw wire encoder of scanner
Free sliding motion.Data collecting instrument, which uses, carries two encoder interfaces and binary channels ultrasound data acquisition interface, same time
Processing feedback is carried out to the data and two shaft position feedback informations of XY of two ultrasonic transceiver modules.
Longitudinal wave, the shear wave signal that longitudinal and shear wave integrated probe transmitting of the present invention receives not are same position signal, are passed through
It records the longitudinal wave for preserving all positions, shear wave signal and carries out location matches, can get the corresponding longitudinal wave in each position, shear wave sound
Speed, it is multiple with gray scale or coloured image quantitatively characterizing heterogeneous anisotropic flat-type to obtain the elasticity modulus of each position
Condensation material elasticity modulus and distribution.
[advantageous effect]
Compared with prior art, the present invention having advantageous effect below：
The present invention is popped one's head in using longitudinal and shear wave Integral ultrasonic, gathers conventional longitudinal wave normal probe and conventional transverse wave double-bevel detector is
One realizes that longitudinal wave and shear wave detect simultaneously, ensures that longitudinal wave and shear wave incident direction are each perpendicular to heterogeneous anisotropic tablet
In class composite material.
The present invention utilizes elasticity modulus and Distribution Test system, record to preserve longitudinal wave, the cross of all positions in material plane
Wave signal and XY position feedback informations simultaneously carry out location matches, the corresponding longitudinal wave in each position, transverse wave velocity are can get, to obtain
The elasticity modulus for obtaining each position, with gray scale or coloured image quantitatively characterizing heterogeneous anisotropic flat-type composite material elasticity
Modulus and distribution.
And for the present invention by testing heterogeneous anisotropic flat-type Modulus of Composites and distribution, it is fixed to be conducive to
Scale levies material mechanical performance.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal and shear wave Integral ultrasonic sonde configuration schematic diagram of the present invention；The solid line shown in figure indicates longitudinal wave；
Dotted line is expressed as shear wave；
Fig. 2 is elasticity modulus of the present invention and the flow chart of Distribution Test system test method.
Reference numeral is as follows：
1 is shell；21 be the first damping block；22 be the second damping block；31 be the first piezoelectric chip；32 be the second piezo crystals
Piece；4 be inclined wedge；5 be cable；6 be opening；7 be sound-absorbing material；8 be test block.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to the embodiment of the present invention, the invention will be further elaborated.
As shown in Figure 1, the longitudinal and shear wave Integral ultrasonic probe of the present invention includes the shell 1 of bottom opening, in shell
First damping block 21 and the second damping block 22, piezoelectric chip, inclined wedge 4；The piezoelectric chip is respectively placed in damping block bottom and puts
It is placed on inclined wedge 4, filling sucting sound material 7 between the shell 1 and damping block, inclined wedge 4；First piezoelectric chip 31 is placed on
So that the ultrasonic wave longitudinal wave of the first piezoelectric chip 31 generation is perpendicular to test block plane, second piezo crystals on inclined wedge horizontal plane
Piece 32 is placed on inclined wedge inclined surface；The inclined wedge inclined surface is made of upper and lower two sections of material, the two sections of material up and down
Contact surface horizontal by an angle so that the second piezoelectric chip 32 generate ultrasonic wave longitudinal wave be incident on from upper some materials
After lower part material, it is fully converted to shear wave and perpendicular to test block plane；The piezoelectric chip distinguishes extraction cable 5, and
Shell 1 is involved by the opening 6 of shell side；The opening 6 uses seal with elastometic washer；In Fig. 1, longitudinal and shear wave of the invention is placed
In on test block 8.The inclined wedge horizontal plane material, inclined wedge inclined surface lower part acoustic impedance difference are 0~8Pa.s/m, density
Difference is 0~1.0kg/m2.The inclined wedge horizontal plane material and the inclined wedge inclined surface lower part material are consistent with test block material.
4 material of the inclined wedge prepared is acoustic window material；The contact surface and horizontal plane of two sections of material above and below the inclined wedge inclined surface
The material that is used according to the angle of inclination and top and the bottom of inclined wedge inclined surface of included angle determine so that the second piezoelectric chip 32
The ultrasonic wave longitudinal wave of generation is fully converted to the shear wave vertical with test block plane.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of elasticity modulus and the test system of distribution, it include longitudinal and shear wave Integral ultrasonic probe, computer display eventually
End, data collecting instrument, manual C imaging scanners and two-way draw wire encoder；The longitudinal and shear wave Integral ultrasonic probe carries
It is imaged on scanner in manual C, and data acquisition is connected to by two cables on longitudinal and shear wave Integral ultrasonic probe
On instrument；The two-way draw wire encoder is mounted on the manual C imagings scanner, is connect with displacement sensor, the displacement
Two cables on sensor are connected on data collecting instrument；The data collecting instrument connects computer display terminal and by data
Transmission computer display terminal is analyzed.
As shown in Fig. 2, first, by the manual C equipped with longitudinal and shear wave Integral ultrasonic probe and two-way draw wire encoder
Imaging scanner is positioned over progress contact plane scanning in test block plane；
Then, the inspection when longitudinal and shear wave Integral ultrasonic probe selects contact pulse echo method to carry out ultrasonic sound
It surveys, obtains and feed back 32 incidence of longitudinal wave velocity and the second piezoelectric chip that the first piezoelectric chip 31 is incident on test block operating position
To the transverse wave velocity of test block operating position；The two-way location information of X, Y is determined using the two-way draw wire encoder, then simultaneously
Pass through institute's displacement sensors feedback position information to data collecting instrument；
Finally, data collecting instrument analyzes longitudinal wave velocity, transverse wave velocity and its relative position, is based on Shicha algorithm meter
The elastic mould value of each point in test block plane is calculated, and transmits information to computer display terminal, elasticity modulus is obtained and its divides
Cloth simultaneously carries out gray scale or colour imaging.
The present invention tests heterogeneous anisotropic flat-type Modulus of Composites and distribution.
By a kind of elasticity modulus and distribution test method based on transverse and longitudinal wave Integral ultrasonic probe, can solve at present
The complexity of elasticity modulus of materials artificial detection, time-consuming quickly and effectively accurately measure Young's modulus E and shear modulus simultaneously
G realizes test specimen all standing, the elasticity modulus detection of non-blind area, and high degree of automation, detection efficiency is high, have other methods without
The superiority of method analogy.
By testing heterogeneous anisotropic flat-type Modulus of Composites and distribution, be conducive to quantitatively characterizing material
Mechanical property is the technical foundation of deeply comprehensive research material mechanical behavior, can for materials'use service life, Safety and effect
Have great importance by property analysis.
Although reference be made herein to invention has been described for explanatory embodiment of the invention, and above-described embodiment is only this hair
Bright preferable embodiment, embodiment of the present invention are not limited by the above embodiments, it should be appreciated that people in the art
Member can be designed that a lot of other modification and implementations, these modifications and implementations will be fallen in principle disclosed in the present application
Within scope and spirit.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of longitudinal and shear wave Integral ultrasonic probe, it is characterised in that it includes the shell (1) of bottom opening, the resistance in shell
Buddhist nun's block (21,22), piezoelectric chip (31,32) and inclined wedge (4)；The piezoelectric chip (31,32) is respectively placed in damping block (21,22)
Bottom is simultaneously positioned on inclined wedge (4), filling sucting sound material (7) between the shell (1) and damping block (21,22), inclined wedge (4)；
First piezoelectric chip (31) be placed on inclined wedge horizontal plane so that the first piezoelectric chip (31) generate ultrasonic wave longitudinal wave perpendicular to
Test block plane, the second piezoelectric chip (32) are placed on inclined wedge inclined surface；The inclined wedge inclined surface is by upper and lower two sections of material
Composition, the contact surface of the two sections of material up and down is horizontal by an angle；The piezoelectric chip (31,32) draws electricity respectively
Cable (5), and shell (1) is involved by the opening of shell side (6)；The opening (6) uses seal with elastometic washer；
The inclined wedge horizontal plane material is consistent with the inclined wedge inclined surface lower part material；
The acoustic impedance difference of inclined wedge horizontal plane material, inclined wedge inclined surface lower part material and test block material is 0~8Pa.s/m3, close
Degree difference is 0~1.0kg/m3；
The material for preparing of the inclined wedge (4) is acoustic window material；The contact surface of two sections of material and the folder of horizontal plane up and down
Angle angle is determined according to the material that the angle of inclination and top and the bottom of inclined wedge inclined surface use, so that the second piezoelectric chip (32) produces
Raw ultrasonic wave longitudinal wave is fully converted to the shear wave vertical with test block plane.
2. a kind of elasticity modulus and the test system of distribution, it is characterised in that it includes longitudinal and shear wave one described in claim 1
Change ultrasonic probe, further includes computer display terminal, data collecting instrument, manual C imaging scanners and two-way draw wire encoder.
3. elasticity modulus according to claim 2 and the test system of distribution, it is characterised in that the longitudinal and shear wave integration
Ultrasonic probe is equipped on manual C imagings scanner, and passes through two cables on longitudinal and shear wave Integral ultrasonic probe
It is connected on data collecting instrument；The two-way draw wire encoder is mounted on the manual C imagings scanner, with displacement sensor
Connection；Two cables on institute's displacement sensors are connected on data collecting instrument；The data collecting instrument connection computer is aobvious
Show terminal and analyzes data transmission computer display terminal.
4. the test method of a kind of elasticity modulus as claimed in claim 3 and the test system of distribution, it is characterised in that it is wrapped
Include following steps：
First, the manual C imaging scanners equipped with longitudinal and shear wave Integral ultrasonic probe and two-way draw wire encoder are placed
In progress contact plane scanning in test block plane；
Then, the detection when longitudinal and shear wave Integral ultrasonic probe selects contact pulse echo method to carry out ultrasonic sound, is obtained
Obtain and feed back longitudinal wave velocity and the second piezoelectric chip (32) incidence that the first piezoelectric chip (31) is incident on test block operating position
To the transverse wave velocity of test block operating position；The two-way location information of X, Y is determined using the two-way draw wire encoder, then simultaneously
Pass through institute's displacement sensors feedback position information to data collecting instrument；
Finally, data collecting instrument analyzes longitudinal wave velocity, transverse wave velocity and its relative position, is calculated based on Shicha algorithm
The elastic mould value of each point in test block plane, and information is transmitted to computer display terminal, obtain elasticity modulus and its distribution simultaneously
Carry out gray scale or colour imaging.
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| CN201510508158.4A CN105158339B (en) | 2015-08-18 | 2015-08-18 | The test system and test method of longitudinal and shear wave Integral ultrasonic probe, elasticity modulus and distribution |
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| CN105158339B true CN105158339B (en) | 2018-09-25 |
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