CN105156446B - For can crush or fragile material in be arranged threaded fasteners device and method - Google Patents
For can crush or fragile material in be arranged threaded fasteners device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105156446B CN105156446B CN201510236204.XA CN201510236204A CN105156446B CN 105156446 B CN105156446 B CN 105156446B CN 201510236204 A CN201510236204 A CN 201510236204A CN 105156446 B CN105156446 B CN 105156446B
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- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 5
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
- F16B39/225—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by means of a settable material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B37/00—Nuts or like thread-engaging members
- F16B37/12—Nuts or like thread-engaging members with thread-engaging surfaces formed by inserted coil-springs, discs, or the like; Independent pieces of wound wire used as nuts; Threaded inserts for holes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B37/00—Nuts or like thread-engaging members
- F16B37/04—Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates
- F16B37/048—Non-releasable devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B11/00—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding
- F16B11/006—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding by gluing
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
- Dowels (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses the threaded fastener in a kind of hole for being mounted in workpiece, and the fastener includes rear part, defines internal thread hole；And preceding part, it, which is set as tapping with the rear portion, merges and has preceding hole, when the preceding part with it is described after be partially fully engaged when, the preceding hole is aligned with the internal thread hole, part has the rear side-support surface being used to support in the rear side of workpiece after described, part has the front side-support surface being used to support in the front side of workpiece before described, and the engagement between the rear part and the front point is set as accurately controlling the distance between the front side-support surface and the rear side-support surface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to for being mounted on the threaded fastener that is formed in and can crush in the hole in panel.
Background technique
In the light vehicle structure researched and developed now, biggish component is by carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) and all
Such as other composite materials of glass filled thermoplastic are made.Need between these composite material components of vehicle and
Vehicle these composite material components and jail may be provided between other parts made of other materials (usually metal)
Solid, load bearing threaded connection.
Self-tapping screw can be used for providing load bearing interconnection, however directly drive this screw penetrate it is above-mentioned multiple
It is generally not ideal in condensation material, this is because the intensity of composite material is low and thread crest is pierced into fibre reinforced materials
Delamination (delamination) can be caused to damage.This delamination then will adversely reduce the intensity of composite material and may break
The appearance of bad composite material.Similarly, the conventional press-in cooperation threaded insert with engagement spline and annular knurl (protuberance)
Or stud is also undesirable, because the sharp edges of spline or annular knurl are pierced into composite material and will lead to the delamination of CFRP material.
It alternatively, can be by the metal nuts or spiral shell of flanged pin and screw thread when carrying out the lamination of composite material during manufacturing
Column is molded in composite material, and the nut or stud are used to be attached with matched screw, bolt or nut again.These fastenings
Part provides the releasable connection between composite material component and other components.However, this molding insert needs to spend
Time, high-tech grade packaging technology and complicated and high cost mould may be needed to accommodate metal insert.
In addition it may be difficult to which molten plastic or resin is avoided to enter in the thread form of fastener.
Other fastening schemes that threaded metal fastenings is provided on composite structure include: such as to exist
Described in US6773780-A, US4778702-A or US5704747-A, adhesive or other machinery clamp device knot are used
The stud and nut on the surface of panel are closed, respectively describes surface installation, adhesive bonding spiral shell in these patents
Column and nut.The edge of the especially needed expanded casing of US5704747-A so as at least during adhesive curing will fastening
The individual expansion step that part is held in place.Other than extending built-up time, the assembling of these components is complicated.It is solid in adhesive
Before change, these bonding fasteners be easy to move in plate so that be difficult to before adhesive is fully cured or
It can not be handled.This will lead to delay and needs bigger memory space during manufacture, to increase manufacturing cost.This
Outside, the intensity of fixed structure after the completion is limited by the delamination strength of the bonding force and panel itself of adhesive.In addition,
It is well known that adhesive has lower antistripping ability, which has limited the bending strengths in pure adhesive bonding formula construction.
US2009/0169324 A discloses a kind of fastener for being designed as being bound up with thin-wall construction.The fastener
Including with externally threaded plug-in type part, the plug-in type part be used for the internal screw thread of corresponding concave type part match so as to
Thin-wall construction is clamped between the plug-in type part and the concave type part.However, it is possible to say, across threaded fastener
The shear-type load of (such as plug-in type part) results in the stress riser (stress risers) across screw thread.This may cause
Fastener failure.Therefore, which teaches uses casing as shearing between plug-in type part and concave type part
Bushing, to absorb shear-type load and to avoid thread failure.The place being uniquely bound up in the fastener is located at insertion
Between formula part and concave type part rather than between these parts and casing, and the form being coupled is to be threadedly engaged.
GB2477550 A discloses a kind of fixedly embedded part in the threaded hole for being arranged in plate.The insert shape
At there are two half portions: a plug-in type half portion and a concave type half portion, two half-unit are bound up by screw thread across plate.
The size for the power for making two fastener halfs apply compression to the plate clamped by them depends on being threadedly engaged to them
It is applied with great torque.The patent document does not disclose the measure of the axial separation of two fastener halfs of control.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is at least alleviate problem relevant with the prior art, shorten built-up time and reduce assembling
Difficulty.Which shorten overall package time and assembling cost, and skill needed for reducing operator.In addition, with routine
Screw-thread bush etc. is compared, and new design is simplified by exempting assembling screw thread and driving feature, to reduce component
Manufacturing cost.
In the first aspect, the present invention provides the threaded fastener in a kind of hole for being mounted in workpiece, described tight
Firmware has first part and second part, and it is non-disconnectable that the first part and the second part are arranged along common axis
Divide ground engagement, the common axis is limited by the hole in the workpiece；
A part in the first part and the second part has axially extending hole, the first part and institute
The axially extending hole for stating one part in second part has first diameter, and the first part and described second
Another part in part has axially extending hole, another described part in the first part and the second part
Axially extending hole have it is straight with the axially extending hole of one part in the first part and the second part
The different diameter of diameter；
The first part and the second part with the first diameter axially extending hole with have it is described not
It is engaged with each other in a manner of interference engagement along the common axis between the axially extending hole of same diameter；
Wherein, the first part, which has, is used to support the supporting surface on the front side surface of the workpiece, and described the
Two parts, which have, is used to support the supporting surface on the rear side surface of the workpiece；
The threaded fastener is characterized in that, described when the first part is engaged with each other with the second part
Axially spaced-apart between the supporting surface of first part and the supporting surface of the second part is by being formed in the first part
And/or the axial length of at least one shoulder on the second part predefines, at least one described shoulder is located at described
Between the supporting surface of first part and the supporting surface of the second part.There is provided shoulder so that fastener two part energy
It is enough to be accurately spaced apart, to eliminate the potentially possible of crushing workpiece.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a kind of method being mounted on above-mentioned fastener in workpiece, the method packet
It includes:
It i) will be in one hole being partially installed in the workpiece in the first part and the second part；
Ii) another part described in the first part and the second part is cooperated in installation tool；
Iii) make the driving screw rod of the installation tool with it is one in the first part and the second part
Partial is threadedly engaged；And
Iv) make driving screw rod axial movement so as to towards described another in the first part and the second part
A part pulls one part in the first part and the second part, to make the first part and described
Second part is engaged with each other.
Detailed description of the invention
Now, the embodiment of the present invention is described by example with reference to attached drawing, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the plan view of washer according to the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view along the line II-II interception in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the plan view of nut according to the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the side view of the nut in Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is to show preparation to be assembled into the partial sectional view that can crush the nuts and washers in panel；
Fig. 6 shows assembled fastener；
Fig. 7, which is shown, is fastened to the part that can be crushed on panel using assembled fastener；
Fig. 8 shows the cross-sectional view of the washer of optional form；
Fig. 9 shows the side view of the nut of optional form；
Figure 10 shows the washer of the optional form with polygonal hole；
Figure 11 shows the nut of optional form；
Figure 12 shows the plan view of the nut of another optional form；
Figure 13 shows the side view of the nut in Figure 12；
Figure 14 shows the nut of another optional form；
Figure 15 shows the combination of the nuts and washers of optional form；
Figure 16 shows the combination of the nuts and washers shown in figure 15 of part installation；
Figure 17 shows the combinations of the nuts and washers of another optional form；
Figure 18 shows the combination of nuts and washers shown in Figure 17 of part installation；
Figure 19 shows the partial sectional view of pulling tool；
Figure 20 shows the first step of the installation using pulling tool；
Figure 21 shows the second step of the installation using pulling tool；
Figure 22 shows the third step of the installation using pulling tool；
Figure 23 shows the four steps of the installation using pulling tool；
Figure 24 shows the 5th step of the installation using pulling tool；
Figure 25 shows the fastener construction of the optional form with corresponding positioning tool head；And
Figure 26 shows the cross-sectional view of the fastener of another optional form.
Specific embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, the size and structure of the washer 2 with hole or drilling 4 are designed as and nut 6 shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4
Interference engagement (interference fit).Nut has for by interference engagement to the protrusion 8 in hole 4.Protrusion 8
Lower section be shoulder 10 (will be described in detail hereinafter) and nipple heads 12.Nut 6 also has the hole 14 with internal screw thread 16.
With reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, nut 6 and washer 2 form combination fasteners, which, which will be mounted to, has in advance
The hole 20 of formation crushes in panel or workpiece 18, which defines the axis A-A that fastener is assembled along it.In group
Before dress, adhesive 22 can be applied in around the hole 20 on panel, and adhesive 22 can be applied in hole 20.Make
For selection, adhesive can be pre-applied on nut and/or washer part.For this purpose, solid-state is presented on component and does not consolidate
The hot setting adhesive of change form is particularly suitable, because this hot setting adhesive makes it possible to easily handle fastener
Component.It then, can be by heating entire panel after installing fastener come solidification adhesive.Bi-component epoxide-resin is applicable
In this application.
In order to fastener to be installed in panel 18, nut 6 is made to pass through hole 20 from the rear side 21 of panel along axis A-A,
The front side of panel is shown simultaneously with appended drawing reference 19.Shoulder 10 a diameter that it cooperates in hole 20, and typically
Moderately and accurately cooperate in hole, so that fastener is centrally located in hole 20 without excessively scraping.Cause
This, the size design of shoulder 10 are as follows: fit loosely in hole, but do not allow to carry out excessive move radially in hole 20.
The height h of shoulder 10 is ordinarily selected to the thickness slightly larger than panel 18.This allows adhesive 22 to have can be wherein
Flowing and then cured inspectable space, this is because the height h of shoulder 10 controls the inner surface 24 and nipple heads of washer 2
Assembling distance between 26 inner surface.The difference of h and plate thickness is usually 0.3mm, to allow the adhesive " glue of 0.15mm
Layer " thickness, to obtain the suitable strength for fixing washer and nut flange respectively.However, the value of h can also be with above situation
Difference, and can for example be less than the thickness of panel.
Control permission is carried out to height h accordingly, with respect to the thickness of panel 18: forming the space for being used for adhesive；Together
Flat cooperation is used for the space of adhesive without being formed；Make panel 18 by very slight extrusion, this is for example to elastic surface plate
It can be suitable selection for material.The basic ideas of height h appropriate are selected relative to the thickness of panel 18 is: once peace
Install complete, then fastener is held sufficiently firmly in panel 18, to allow to handle panel.In panel by such as hot
In situation made of plastic material elastomeric material, height h may be set to the thickness less than panel, so that pacifying in fastener
After dress, the material of panel is extruded.In this way, helping to fasten by the reaction force that panel 18 is applied to surface 24 and 26
Part is held in place and can not need adhesive.
Interference engagement between protrusion 8 and the edge in hole 4 can be tight enough, to allow directly to be handled.However,
The feature structure or size that the very big resistance for preventing each component from separating can be generated may require applying unacceptable excessive
Power washer 2 and nut 6 are assembled together (in general, assembling force is chosen less than 20kN).In this case, adhesive
Or the elastic characteristic structure of panel 18 itself can become the appropriate supplement of the individual interference engagement of nut and washer, so as to
It is enough to reduce used installing force.
With reference to Fig. 7, once fastener has been installed, so that it may and so that conventional bolt 28 is passed through hole 14 and is engaged with screw thread 16,
So that component 30 is fixed on panel 18.
It should be noted that clamping load of the intensity of fastener between washer 2 and nipple heads 12.The load be to
Bolt 28 apply tightening torque during by being applied from the axial compressive force of screw thread 16.By the height for controlling shoulder 10
H realizes the size Control for avoiding panel ruptures.
Shoulder 10 can also have other functions.Application for the metal parts involved in CFRP structure, it is known that
It is to be not intended to contact metal directly with carbon fiber, because which increase the danger of the electrochemical corrosion of metal.Therefore, optionally
Scheme is: the casing made of the nonmetallic materials such as nylon or elastomer is provided for the outer diameter of shoulder 10, so as to by metal
Carbon fiber isolation with the exposing in the hole in panel is opened.The casing may be configured to: before washer 2 is arranged, by barb
Or nut 6 is reliably held in panel by the help of the feature structures such as spring clip.(note: the medial surface of nut flange and washer
It is usually separated by adhesive and CFRP).In addition, the size in the region 32 between the inner edge in the hole 20 of panel and the periphery of shoulder 10
It can be designed as that adhesive is allowed to flow into aforesaid space, mention which further increases the adhesive surface area of adhesive and therefore
High adhesive strength.
Therefore, which needs relatively simple pre-assembled, and allows to carry out panel early stage processing without existing
Complex process in technology.Load is distributed to face by the relatively large surface area using washer 2 and nipple heads 12
On plate, very firm fastener can be provided for panels such as CFRP, this panel is brittle, and therefore when big
Load may be damaged when being applied on relatively small surface area because of fracture.
In the above-described embodiments, the construction of washer and nut is substantially rounded, and the hole of washer and protrusion is outer
The engagement surface of diameter is smooth (smooth).The optional form on these surfaces is with spline, annular knurl, sawtooth or with annular
Slot.It should be understood that these constructions are not limiting, for example, washer 2' can have the interior ridge being formed in the 4' of hole with reference to Fig. 8,
Such as ridge generally axially.Such as raised ring, pit, diameter can be provided on the surface of nut flange 26 and/or washer 24
To or the feature structures such as circumferential slot or roughness, textured surface, to improve the adhesive strength or directly of adhesive
It grabs and is attached on panel surface.
Similarly, annular knurl can be formed with reference to Fig. 9, protrusion 8'.These are each contributed between protrusion and hole 4
The interference engagement of high quality is formed without excessive installing force.For example, installing the phase with annular knurl or in the case where spline
Between cold forming and the big surface pressing that acts in the relatively small feature structure of surface area would generally make these feature knots
Structure deforms.In addition, these feature structures are typically easy in forming member when manufacturing component, and installation side can be provided
The advantages of face.
With reference to Figure 10, the hole 4 in washer can have polygonal shape or non-circular shape.The shape can have to form valve
Arc-shaped side edges perhaps straight side or both sides any combination.One example of the shape is three lobed shapes.It is logical
Crossing makes to deposit a little difference dimensionally between hole 4 and the respective shapes being formed on the protrusion 8 of nut, can be easily
Realize interference engagement.
Figure 11 shows another selection, wherein nut have is formed in protrusion 8 " on spline substantially circumferentially
Or barb configuration.With barb, these barbs are formed to have keyway, these keyways have axially inclined
Outer surface, wherein the diameter of keyway gradually becomes larger from small, so that protrusion can relatively easily slide into washer
In hole 4, but if protrusion is easy to be pierced into the interior table in hole 4 when nuts and washers is by the power for attempting to keep the two separated
Face.
It should be noted that the interference engagement of nut and washer substantially need to only allow to handle panel or allow bonding
Each section is held in place during agent solidifies.These features do not need to provide the intensity of final used fastener, because
The intensity is generated by the clamping load that bolt 28 is applied.Therefore, designer can be before treatment and according to processing ring
Border and used material freely select the form appropriate between protrusion 8 and gasket hole 4 to provide between two parts
Enough interaction forces.
Figure 12 shows the nut of optional form, and wherein shoulder 10' has elongated form.Shoulder 10' can cooperate
In similar elongated panel hole 20.Such panel hole is relatively easily produced, because using usually in the material of such as CFRP
Milling tool carrys out the manufacturing hole fiber embedded to avoid damage, and this milling tool is easy to cross path to produce slot.
Using this shape shoulder the advantages of be: during insertion bolt 28, the rotation torque of fastener is naturally by elongated shoulder
The reaction force generated between 10' and elongated plate hole 20 is resisted.This then allows to select the adhesive 22 of intensity low-adhesive, or
Person allows using the bolt 28 of opposite major diameter or the bolt with preset torques thread forms such as POWERLOK (RTM), these
Bolt can produce the bigger rotation torque being applied on screw thread 16 during insertion.This has then been better protected from bolt 28
Insertion during fastener turned round in panel.
Figure 14 shows the nut 6 of another optional form ", the nut 6 " having blind hole 14 ", blind hole 14 " then provides
Water-stop or Fluid Sealing fastener, and effectively sealed against the hole 20 being formed in panel 18.
With reference to Figure 15 and Figure 16, it is noted that just had been described and be presently believed to be optimal mode.However, such as
Under optional construction be also feasible: where feature occurs between the washer and nut in preceding embodiment and exchanges.In this way,
Figure 15 shows nut 106 and washer 102, and wherein shoulder 110 is formed on washer rather than is formed on nut.Protrusion
108 remain set in interference engagement to the hole 104 being formed in washer 102.Figure 16, which is shown, is partly installed to panel 118
On this structure.
Figure 17 and Figure 18 shows the further development of this structure, and wherein nut 206 has additional shoulder 209,
Shoulder 209 is similar with the size of shoulder 210 of washer.
This allows nut to be centrally disposed in the hole 220 in plate 218.This facilitate implement assembling, and do not need as
Nut 206 is maintained to the center in hole like that in embodiment shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16.
This also allows to be formed thin washer 202, extrusion molding or cooling formation technic can be used then to form shoulder 210.
In this way, before making bolt penetrate the threaded portion of nut 216, the engagement with protrusion 208 is still enough to obtain
Described in text the advantages of interference engagement.Installation of the structure especially suitable for low clearance, in this installation, washer 202 exists
There is low height to be advantageous for the top of panel surface.
Alternatively, protrusion 8 as described above can be changed to be arranged on gasket portion.To reference
Figure 26, protrusion 408 are formed on washer 402, and protrusion 408 cooperates with the hole 404 being formed in nut 406.Nut
With shoulder 410, which is operated in a manner of identical with the shoulder 10 in other embodiments as described above.Therefore,
Other than the position of protrusion 408 and hole 404 is exchanged, the construction operated in the mode similar with previous embodiment and
Effect, and therefore no longer similar part will be described.
Installation process
Installation process is described referring now to Figure 19 to Figure 25.Pulling tool has the drive for being formed as thread spindle 300
Dynamic screw rod and anvil block or head 302, and can be installed in the case where tool is only located at the side of panel 18.
Illustrate only the head shell 303 of tool in figure, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that entire tool usually have handle,
For the trigger architecture of starting and the power supply of drive shaft 300.Tool can be such that axis 300 turns round, to make axis 300 and above-mentioned spiral shell
Female screw thread 16 engages.Preferably, axis 300, which has, helps that axis is bonded in screw thread 16 and helps to avoid the circle of cross threading
Axis of a cylinder neck not-go-end.Tool can also pull axis towards the direction that anvil block 302 pulls along by nut, once and nuts and washers
Combination install, tool can make axis 300 reversion to make tool be rotated away from completed installation.Once axis 300 with
Be threadedly engaged, then retracted in axial tool, and can by the predetermined stroke that is detected automatically by tool or predetermined drag force come
Indicate the completion of installation.Pulling to scheduled power is preferably as this can compensate for the size in matched fastener portion
Variation.
With specific reference to Figure 20, anvil block 302 can have magnet 304 or generally about the spaced apart multiple magnets of anvil block,
These magnets typically press-in cooperation is in plastics (preferably nylon) casing 305.To which these magnets make it possible to installing
Iron washer 2 is kept before.As the substitute of magnet, the springs such as vacuum port or the spring clip on anvil block can be used
The holding feature structure of load.Anvil block can have essentially annular retaining ring 306 on its periphery or its periphery, to help
Washer 2 is centrally positioned on anvil block.This then facilitates that protrusion 8 is made to be centered about and be aligned with washer perforation 4.To the greatest extent
Pipe is shown as continuous annular feature structure, however retaining ring can also be changed to use following forms: dentation or castle with gap
Shape feature structure or any other lip-like feature structure, this feature structure engaged with washer so as to relative to axis can weigh
Multiple mode is arranged and space washer.
Using adhesive 22, usual uncured adhesive facilitates after shoulder 10 is inserted into hole 20
It helps for nut flange 12 to be maintained on the rear side 21 of panel 18 immediately.Nut is effectively held in place by this, and is prevented
Because the axis 300 of set tool washer assembling during cooperation due to caused by nut movement or rotation.Depending on obtainable
Adhesive strength may not be needed the rear side 21 that nut is manually supported on to panel 18 during the assembling of washer, so as to improve
Work efficiency, and accelerate the speed of entire fastener cycle.
Figure 21 shows the nut being inserted into panel 18, which can typically crush panel.Then, tool
Axis 300 is inserted into nut like that as shown in figure 22, and nut is then pulled into washer as shown in Figure 23.One
Denier protrusion touches washer, and the pulling of axis is just (length or scheduled drag force of the pulling stroke known to reach due to)
Automatically stop.This completes the installations of fastener；Towards the pulling axis 300 of anvil block 302 so that two parts combine, with
Above-mentioned interference cooperation is just provided.
Once the step is completed, then axis 300 is extracted out from nut as shown in Figure 24.Once axis is extracted, then
Nut and washer are completed.
Figure 25 shows the optional form of " nut ", wherein replacing internal thread hole 16 by external screw thread stud 16'.Other portions
Part and operation are similar with above-mentioned component and operation, and corresponding appended drawing reference is marked by figure.The structure be suitable for need by
Stud is fixed to panel 18 rather than needs to provide the installation of threaded hole.
In this case, it is engaged with stud 16' by providing in the mode similar with above-mentioned threaded hole 6 and axis 300
Internal screw thread extremity piece 300' is appropriately modified the protruding portion of tool, to adapt to this change.Once engagement, then tool is according to rotation
The sequence enter, pull, screwed out is operated in a fashion similar to that described above.
Preferred installation method generallys use is commonly used in the adult form power work for being adapted to blind threaded insert in the market
Tool, such as Avdel 74200 or 74201 hydropneumatic tools；The former pulls to predetermined stroke, and the latter pulls to predetermined drawing
Drag is each feasible for this fastener.However, pulling to predetermined force is preferably as it can
Compensate the change in size, etc. in matched part.This tool work is quick, and convenient for operation and setting.Without checking
Assembling torque, and easy to quickly the assembly of set can be visually inspected.
In summary, typical assembling steps are as follows:
1. adhesive is applied around hole in the panel, and adhesive can be applied to the table in hole in the panel
On face.
(2. from the rear side of panel) insertion nut.
3. washer is attached in the protruding portion of set tool (can hold the gasket in by mechanical spring, magnet or vacuum
In the protruding portion of tool).
4. (from the front side of panel) engages the driving screw rod of tool into the internal screw thread of nut.
5. applying light end load to set tool --- this electric power for starting driving screw rod 300 screws in make to drive
Dynamic screw rod is fully engaged in nut thread 16 and (can fully remove the support from rear side to nut at this time).
6. pull tool trigger so as to start force washer hole cross nut protrusion end 8 setting stroke
(it should be noted that tool can pull fixed range or pull to scheduled power).
7. the automatic backstroke for executing driving screw rod is and at the same time screwed out, to make the nut of tool Yu set
(component is securely held in panel at this time, and therefore can handle and transmit whole part without depositing for component disengagement
In the risk that insert moves before the adhesive is cured).
8. the visual inspection of the flush fit at the top of pair bead outer surface and protrusion is satisfactorily set with confirmation
Position.
9. adhesive will solidify, prepare to carry out group with matched bolt or screw and other components to be attached to be formed
The final clamp device of dress.
10. the clamping load of matched bolt or screw is used for washer when being attached another component in the operating condition
It is more firmly clipped on the shoulder of nut, although so that interference/the screw thread pad of the bonding strength that is pushed and fitted than in the prior art
The bonding strength of circle is low, and the bonding strength for but interference/be pushed and fitted is inappreciable for whole bonding strength.
Nut is typically constructed of metal, but the other materials such as glass filled nylon can also be used to be made.It can use
Aluminium or other metals softer than steel form nut, in this case, can be used as Heli-Coil (RTM) device
Steel threaded insert provides screw thread.Screw thread is formed as the checknut of such as Spiralock (RTM) form.
Foregoing description essentially relates to be installed to fastener on CFRP panel or substrate.It will be appreciated, however, that above-mentioned
Method and apparatus are applied basically for following baseplate material: its is crisp or is easily crushed, and is therefore not suitable for having high
The fastener of clamp load has small expanding area for fastener for the reaction force load of substrate surface
Fastener.This material may be, for example, CFRP, glass reinforced plastic, thermoplastic, composite material and have such as honeycomb
The material of the inner cavity of construction.Typically, the present invention will obtain in the two sides of substrate (that is, blind side and front side) and be used for reaction
The surface area of power distribution, the surface area are greater than the stud of fastener or the cross-sectional area of threaded hole.
Some key advantages of new fastening system of the invention are as follows:
The component of simplification designs
It is easier to operate to
Shorter built-up time
It reduces and skill and reduces fatigue needed for operator
Reduce the demand of calibration and the detection of aaset bit tool
Reduce the overall cost of assembling
Claims (18)
1. the threaded fastener (1) in a kind of hole (20,220) for being mounted in workpiece, the fastener has first
Divide (2) and second part (6), the first part and the second part are arranged along common axis (A-A) and can not be split
Ground engagement, the common axis are limited by the hole in the workpiece；
A part in the first part and the second part have comprising first diameter axially extending hole (4,104,
204,404) another part, and in the first part and the second part have comprising with the first part and
The axially extending hole (8,108,208,408) of the different diameter of the diameter of one part in the second part；
The first part and the second part with the first diameter axially extending hole from have it is described different
It is engaged with each other in a manner of interference engagement along the common axis between the axially extending hole of diameter；
Wherein, the first part and the second part be respectively provided with front side (19) surface for being supported on the workpiece and
Corresponding supporting surface (24,26) on rear side (21) surface；
The threaded fastener is characterized in that, when the first part is engaged with each other with the second part, described first
Axially spaced-apart between part and the supporting surface of the second part is by being formed in the first part or described second
The axial length (h) of at least one shoulder (10,110,209,210,410) on part or on the two is true in advance
Fixed, at least one described shoulder is between the first part and the corresponding supporting surface of the second part；
Wherein, one at least one described shoulder or each shoulder are covered with electrically non-conductive material, to slow down shoulder material
Electrochemical corrosion between the material of the workpiece.
2. fastener according to claim 1, wherein an axially extending hole in the axially extending hole, which has, to be protruded
Part, the protrusion are set as being pushed the hole in the workpiece, and are pressed into another corresponding axial direction and prolong
It stretches in hole, the first part for thus making the threaded fastener and the second part are after being pushed, by described
Frictional force between the outer surface of protrusion and the inner surface of another axially extending hole is held together.
3. fastener according to claim 1, wherein on a part in the first part and the second part
It is formed with protrusion, and the protrusion is set as and another portion in the first part and the second part
The inner surface engagement for the axially extending hole divided.
4. fastener according to claim 2, wherein the protrusion is formed in the first part and described second
On a part in part and it is set as the axial direction with another part in the first part and the second part
The inner surface of elongated hole engages.
5. fastener according to claim 2, wherein when the first part and the second part are fully engaged,
One at least one described shoulder or each shoulder depend on the circumstances and are resisted against on another shoulder or are resisted against
In the supporting surface.
6. fastener according to claim 2, wherein one at least one described shoulder or each shoulder tool
There is the external dimensions smaller than the hole in the workpiece, so as to the inward flange and the shoulder in the hole in the workpiece
Outer surface between form space, enable apply adhesive flow into the space.
7. fastener according to claim 2, wherein at least one described supporting surface, which has, to be set as grabbing the attached work
The surface features on the surface of part.
8. fastener according to claim 1, wherein when the first part and the second part are fully engaged,
One at least one described shoulder or each shoulder depend on the circumstances and are resisted against on another shoulder or are resisted against
In the supporting surface.
9. fastener according to claim 1, wherein one at least one described shoulder or each shoulder tool
There is the external dimensions smaller than the hole in the workpiece, so as to the inward flange and the shoulder in the hole in the workpiece
Outer surface between form space, enable apply adhesive flow into the space.
10. fastener according to claim 1, wherein at least one described supporting surface is attached described with being set as grabbing
The surface features on the surface of workpiece.
11. fastener according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the outer surface of the protrusion has surface
Functional component, the surface features setting are as follows: when the first part and the second part are fully engaged, grab attached institute
State the inner surface of the axially extending hole in another described part in first part and the second part.
12. fastener according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein in the first part and the second part
Another described part in the inner surface of axially extending hole there is surface features, surface features setting
Are as follows: when the first part and the second part are fully engaged, grab the outer surface of the attached protrusion.
13. the fastener according to any one of claim 2 to 7, wherein the outer surface of the protrusion and described
The inner surface of the axially extending hole in another described part in first part and the second part is non-circular.
14. fastener according to claim 11, wherein the outer surface of the protrusion and the first part and
The inner surface of the axially extending hole in another described part in the second part is non-circular.
15. fastener according to claim 12, wherein the outer surface of the protrusion and the first part and
The inner surface of the axially extending hole in another described part in the second part is non-circular.
16. the fastener according to any one of preceding claims 1 to 10, wherein be formed in the first part and institute
The axially extending hole stated in the axially extending hole in second part is blind hole.
17. a kind of be mounted on the method in workpiece, the method for fastener according to any one of the preceding claims
Include:
It i) will be in a hole being partially installed in the workpiece in the first part and the second part；
Ii) another in the first part and the second part is partially fitted in installation tool；
Iii) make one part in the driving screw rod and the first part and the second part of the installation tool
Threaded engagement close；And
Iv) make driving screw rod axial movement so as to by one part in the first part and the second part
Another described part in the first part and the second part is pulled to, to make the first part and described second
Part is engaged with each other.
18. according to the method for claim 17, comprising: by described one in the first part and the second part
Workpiece described in forward direction in a hole being partially installed in the workpiece applies adhesive.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB1408213.5A GB201408213D0 (en) | 2014-05-09 | 2014-05-09 | Apparatus and methods for providing a threaded fixing in a crushable or brittle material |
| GB1408213.5 | 2014-05-09 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105156446A CN105156446A (en) | 2015-12-16 |
| CN105156446B true CN105156446B (en) | 2019-01-08 |
Family
ID=51032485
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510236204.XA Active CN105156446B (en) | 2014-05-09 | 2015-05-11 | For can crush or fragile material in be arranged threaded fasteners device and method |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10060464B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2942535B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105156446B (en) |
| GB (1) | GB201408213D0 (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012223863A1 (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2014-06-26 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Fastening device for a component consisting of a carbon fiber reinforced plastic component on a component, esp. A suspension component of a vehicle |
| US20140283677A1 (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2014-09-25 | Wen San Chou | Air compressor having chambered piston head |
| JP6354662B2 (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2018-07-11 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Vehicle member joining structure and vehicle member joining method |
| US10648502B2 (en) | 2016-08-18 | 2020-05-12 | Cnh Industrial America Llc | Trunnion assembly |
| CN106837978A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-06-13 | 北京机械设备研究所 | A kind of screw retention of recycling |
| US10589945B2 (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2020-03-17 | Ernest Martell | Protective panel for shielding a dock pad |
| SG11202102056QA (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2021-03-30 | Penn Eng & Mfg Corp | Multi clinch fastener insert |
| US11946500B2 (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2024-04-02 | Loose Wheel Sensors Inc. | Compression contact to monitor fastener elongation and grip force |
| TWI832899B (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2024-02-21 | 美商賓工程工廠公司 | Multi clinch fastener insert |
| DE202021102165U1 (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-05-31 | Manfred Teufl | Attachment system |
| CN113085753A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-07-09 | 奇瑞新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Mounting structure and car of car backplate |
| US11973241B2 (en) * | 2021-10-06 | 2024-04-30 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Traction battery enclosure reinforcement assembly and reinforcing method |
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| US2700172A (en) * | 1952-01-28 | 1955-01-25 | Frederick W Rohe | Sectional grommet for reinforcing openings in panels and sheets |
| US2967593A (en) * | 1958-01-29 | 1961-01-10 | Delron Company Inc | Structural spacer |
| US2957196A (en) * | 1958-11-25 | 1960-10-25 | Shur Lok Corp | Bolt and stud spacer for lightweight sandwich panels |
| US3252493A (en) * | 1964-05-22 | 1966-05-24 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Three part fastener with spacer means |
| FR2440485A1 (en) * | 1978-11-06 | 1980-05-30 | Shur Lok International Sa | ASSEMBLY DEVICE FOR A HONEYCOMB PANEL USED IN PARTICULAR IN AERONAUTICAL CONSTRUCTION |
| US4952107A (en) * | 1981-03-11 | 1990-08-28 | Dupree, Inc. | Captive panel screw assembly |
| US4778702A (en) | 1985-09-04 | 1988-10-18 | Physical Systems, Inc. | Adhesive attachment and mounting fixture |
| US4948316A (en) * | 1986-11-04 | 1990-08-14 | Avibank Mfg., Inc. | Quick action fastener assembly |
| US4987511A (en) * | 1988-03-07 | 1991-01-22 | Cooper Industries, Inc. | Gapped arrester |
| DE3832602C2 (en) | 1988-09-26 | 1998-02-12 | Immanuel Jeschke | Plug for sealing supply lines and tools for its insertion |
| US4981735A (en) * | 1989-09-05 | 1991-01-01 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Two piece threaded mounting insert with adhesive for use with honeycomb composite |
| US5106249A (en) * | 1991-01-07 | 1992-04-21 | Ford Motor Company | Method and apparatus for joining plastic panels to aluminum space frames |
| US5704747A (en) | 1996-07-16 | 1998-01-06 | Physical Systems, Inc. A Nevada Corp. | Adhesive bonded nutplate assembly with integral liner sleeve |
| US5950277A (en) * | 1998-02-13 | 1999-09-14 | Lear Corporation | Load bearing grommet assembly |
| JP3490927B2 (en) * | 1999-05-19 | 2004-01-26 | ニチアス株式会社 | How to attach a vibrating floating washer to the heat shield |
| US6488460B1 (en) * | 2000-05-02 | 2002-12-03 | Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. | Composite panel insert with hold out recess feature |
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| US6932044B1 (en) * | 2004-02-26 | 2005-08-23 | General Fasteners Company | Windage tray with improved captured nut |
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| US8297169B2 (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2012-10-30 | The Boeing Company | Ballistic resistant through insert with floating capability for stopping a ballistic projectile |
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| GB2477550A (en) | 2010-02-08 | 2011-08-10 | Rolls Royce Plc | Threaded insert |
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| CN203516322U (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2014-04-02 | J·D·普拉特 | Fastener |
-
2014
- 2014-05-09 GB GBGB1408213.5A patent/GB201408213D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2015
- 2015-05-07 US US14/706,628 patent/US10060464B2/en active Active
- 2015-05-08 EP EP15167016.3A patent/EP2942535B1/en active Active
- 2015-05-11 CN CN201510236204.XA patent/CN105156446B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105156446A (en) | 2015-12-16 |
| US20150322993A1 (en) | 2015-11-12 |
| EP2942535A1 (en) | 2015-11-11 |
| EP2942535B1 (en) | 2021-06-23 |
| GB201408213D0 (en) | 2014-06-25 |
| US10060464B2 (en) | 2018-08-28 |
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