CN105156211A - Electronic control system used for small-sized single-cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine - Google Patents
Electronic control system used for small-sized single-cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electronic control system for a small-sized single-cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine. An MC9S12P128 chip serves as a main chip of an electronic control unit. An MC33812 chip serves as a driving chip of three main actuators of an oil sprayer, an igniter and a relay. Selected sensor parts include an engine body temperature sensor, an inlet gas temperature sensor, an inlet gas pressure sensor, a throttle position sensor and a Hall type crankshaft position sensor. Monitoring and calibrating functions of a liquid crystal touch screen are achieved in a CAN communication manner. According to the electronic control system, the oil spraying amounts and advance angles of ignition under all working conditions can be accurately controlled, in addition, a self-diagnostic function is achieved, and therefore the dynamic property, the economical efficiency and the emission performance of the engine are improved, and the requirement of higher-stage emission regulations is met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to engine electronic control system field, particularly a kind of electronic control system for small-sized single cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine.
Technical background
Volume is little owing to having for miniature gasoline engine, compact structure, rotating speed high, is widely used in agricultural equipment for plant protection, graden machine, small farm machine, generator set, building machinery, outboard machinery etc.In view of the volume of production and marketing of China's miniature gasoline engine is huge, its problem such as energy consumption, exhaust emission more and more comes into one's own, simultaneously in order to meet the emission regulation demands of more high-stage, exploitation is equipped with the vital task that the electronic control system with more high control precision is industry.Adopt electron controls technology, the control of the ignition advance angle of each operating mode, fuel injection quantity, air fuel ratio etc. can be made to reach optimum value, and then make motor under different operating mode, be operated in the optimum state, make the fuel consumption rate of motor and the lifting of emission performance., there are the electronic fuel injection control system of small gasoline engine of Shandong Technology Univ (application publication number: CN201110184060.X), a kind of rotation speed of general-type gasoline engine controlling method of Wuxi Wishtar Electronics Technology Co., Ltd. and system (application publication number: CN201010260973.0) in domestic Patents aspect of having applied for.Although these patents are also the control system for miniature gasoline engine, there is complex structure, problem that cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
According to the deficiency of existing carburetor type miniature gasoline engine, the problem to be solved in the present invention is: according to engine operation principle, replace Carburetor with electronic control unit.
Technological scheme of the present invention is: with Freescale MC9S12P128 for Master control chip, in conjunction with control single cylinder engine oil spout igniting special chip MC33812, and designed engines control unit hardware circuit; Serve as theme with the time and write control strategy, comprise user management, engine management, data management etc.A whole set of small gasoline electronic control system is provided, sensor comprises hall-effect speed sensor (crankshaft position sensor), organism temperature sensor, intake air temperature sensor, air inlet pressure sensor, throttle position sensor, final controlling element comprises inductance type ignitor, electromagnetic injector, small fuel oil pump, tutorial light etc., provides lcd touch type display screen as monitoring, calibration tool.
Electrical control system for engine is for core with control unit (ECU), adopt the information of sensor acquisition and engine running condition and the environmental correclation being arranged on different parts, through the process of ECU internal processes, calculating and correction, obtain the controling parameters of final controlling element, and then control final controlling element makes corresponding action.Crank position and air-distributor pressure is utilized to judge engine compresses top dead center, utilize organism temperature sensor, intake air temperature sensor revises fuel injection quantity, carry out the accurate control of fuel injection quantity and ignition advance angle, thus the power character of raising miniature gasoline engine, Economy and emission performance, meet the emission regulation demands of more high-stage, and be accompanied with self-diagnostic function.
The beneficial effect that small gasoline electronic control system of the present invention has is:
(1) a whole set of small gasoline electronic control system is provided, sensor comprises organism temperature sensor, intake air temperature sensor, air inlet pressure sensor, throttle position sensor and Hall type crankshaft position sensor, final controlling element comprises inductance type ignitor, electromagnetic injector, small fuel oil pump, tutorial light etc., there is provided lcd touch type display screen as monitoring, calibration tool, and be accompanied with self-diagnostic function, accurately can control the fuel injection quantity under each operating mode and ignition advance angle, thus improve the power character of motor, Economy and emission performance, meet the emission regulation demands of more high-stage.
(2) adopt Hall type crankshaft position sensor, coordinate the signal panel of 11 (12-1) tooth, obtain the tooth edge signal of signal panel, and combined with angle of swing by the time difference of this edge signal, calculation engine rotating speed; The mode adopting air inlet pressure sensor to match with crankshaft position sensor, judges the stroke of motor, and after bent axle arrives top dead center position, and continuous 3 boost pressure signal are in decrement states, then can judge that motor is in aspirating stroke.
(3) adopt lcd touch type display screen as motor monitoring, calibration tool, and can fault message be monitored, there is advantage easy to carry, easy and simple to handle.
The relevant information needed for motor operation is obtained by sensor, and pass through the calculating of control unit internal processes, most suitable fuel injection pulsewidth and ignition advance angle under obtaining each operating mode, improve the stability that motor runs, and reduces fuel consume, reduces exhaust emission.
The present invention not only can improve the overall performance of small-sized single cylinder petrol engine, and can be applied on multi-cylinder gasoline engine.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of this cover small gasoline electronic control system;
Fig. 2 is system architecture diagram;
Fig. 3 is the hardware block diagram of ECU (Electrical Control Unit);
Fig. 4 is the connecting circuit sketch of MC33812 and master chip.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technological scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described.
As shown in Figure 1, system for object, develops the electronic control system of complete set with the small-sized carburetor gasoline engine of 168F type.Take miniature gasoline engine as hardware foundation, electronic control unit connects all sensor and actuators, and fuel tank, oil pump, filter cleaner, oil inlet pipe, fuel pressure regulator, return tube, oil sprayer constitute the fuel circuit of motor jointly.Gasoline in fuel tank is delivered to oil sprayer position through transport pipe by fuel pump after filter cleaner filters, and fuel pressure regulator can control oil pipe internal pressure be 0.25MPa, when overpressure then by return tube pressure release, fuel tank got back to by unnecessary gasoline.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, organism temperature sensor and intake air temperature sensor obtain organism temperature and intake air temperature signals, for revising fuel injection pulsewidth; Throttle position signal and tach signal form two-dimentional arteries and veins spectrum (MAP) figure, for calculating fuel injection pulsewidth and ignition advance angle; Air inlet pressure sensor matches with crankshaft-position signal, for judging engine strokes; Speed probe obtains the fluted disc signal of 11 (12-1) tooth, for calculating rotating speed.Gear disk in system has 11 (12-1) individual tooth, be a tooth every 30 °, wherein have 1 tooth to be vacancy, this hypodontia is used as the top dead center position judging motor, and 7th tooth of fluted disc after hypodontia judges of installation is the position of engine tope center.
Described hall-effect speed sensor is installed on engine signal fluted disc place, throttle position sensor, air inlet pressure sensor, intake air temperature sensor are installed on throttle body, organism temperature sensor is installed on engine body, with all physical quantitys that upper sensor collection is relevant to motor, by wire harness by signal transmission to control unit ECU, after internal processes calculates, control the work of oil sprayer and igniter, realize the operation controlling motor.When system exists fault, fault indicating lamp can be lighted to point out the existence of fault.
Described organism temperature sensor and intake air temperature sensor are negative tempperature coefficient thermistor formula sensor, for obtaining temperature signal, revise under cold start-up and normal operating condition to oil spout.
Described air inlet pressure sensor is for detecting the gas pressure in intake manifold.System adopts the piezoresistive pressure transducer of medium measuring accuracy, and reason is suction pressure is that its margin of error of the pressure transducer of medium accuracy is ± 1%, can meet usage requirement as the parameter judging concrete stroke and fuel delivery correction.Because this cover system does not arrange CMPS Camshaft Position Sensor, therefore need air inlet pressure sensor to coordinate Hall type crankshaft position sensor, jointly judge aspirating stroke.
Described throttle position inside is slide rheostat, be installed on closure, for obtaining the opening angle of current throttle, the control intention of reflection present engine load situation and operator, electronic control unit obtains the current data relevant to oil spout and ignition system by looking into arteries and veins spectrogram according to current rotating speed and throttle opening.
Described Hall-type crank position (rotating speed) sensor is installed on signal teeth web edge, the tooth signal of collection signal dish, because the output signal frequency of sensor is directly proportional to engine speed, and therefore can the rotating speed of calculation engine.
System adopts electromagnetic injector, is is namely opened and closed the break-make regulating oil feed line by Controlling solenoid valve.Injection process mainly relies on the movement of main shaft to complete combustion oil injection and cut-off, when the metering-orifice sectional area of oil sprayer and charge oil pressure certain, how many of fuel injection quantity relevant with length current"on"time of oil sprayer, namely in pipeline, flow, flow velocity all remain unchanged, and current"on"time is longer, and fuel delivery is more, the amount of fuel sprayed in cylinder is more, and the number of fuel injection quantity is converted into the size of fuel injection pulsewidth by this system.When entering the oil pressure of oil sprayer and spray orifice sectional area one timing, the size of fuel injection quantity only and have relation the current"on"time of oil sprayer, as long as therefore system just can control the size of fuel injection quantity by control fuel injection pulsewidth.
Miniature gasoline engine ignition system completes the ignition operation of motor primarily of igniter, spark coil and spark plug, igniting process is that ECU (ElectronicControlUnit) is according to the engine condition of each sensor response, determine time of ignition and igniting duration angle, and then export fire signal.Igniter receives while fire signal and carries out charge and discharge process, in igniter charge and discharge process, make spark coil primary and secondary coil-induced go out higher than the voltage of more than 20,000 volts, this voltage acts on spark plug makes it complete igniting process.
The output voltage of system ECU is Transistor-Transistor Logic level, and its output current and voltage are all lower, cannot drive high electric current, high-tension element, therefore needs to adopt electromagnetic relay to control high voltage, high electric current.This relay adopts the work of low side driving mode, needs the final controlling element using relay R ERAY to control to comprise oil sprayer, fuel pump, warning light, heater etc. in system.
The effect of fuel pump is fuel oil sucking-off from fuel tank, after pressurization, be transported to fuel supply line, and coordinate at one control system intermediate fuel oil pump and fuel pressure regulator and set up stable fuel pressure, the power supply voltage of fuel pump is 12V.
The impurity in gasoline is filtered in the effect of filter cleaner, guarantees to enter the degree of purity of the gasoline in the oil pipe that is connected with oil sprayer.
The effect of fuel pressure regulator is that the fuel-injection pressure controlling miniature gasoline engine maintains about 0.25MPa, when overpressure by return tube pressure release.
The effect of fault indicating lamp is whether instruction current system exists fault, and fault indicating lamp is lighted when there are failures, otherwise fault indicating lamp is extinguished.
As shown in Figure 2, the sensor of this system gathers the processing circuit of the parameter information feeding control unit of motor, processing circuit connects the input pin of master chip, the output pin of master chip is connected with MC33812 chip, the output pin of MC33812 is connected with final controlling element, to control the work of final controlling element, to control the operation of motor; The communication interface of master chip is also interconnected in real time with communication system.
The base components of signal is obtained as control system, sensor obtains all electricity, the physical quantity relevant to motor, pass through signal processing circuit, physical signalling is converted to the voltage signal that control unit can read, by the calculating of the main program in control unit, obtain the Optimum spark advance angle under different operating mode, worked by MC33812 master chip actuate actuators, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) master chip and external touch carry out communication by CAN between shielding, and realize monitoring, calibrating function.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the master chip of control unit is MC9S12P128, circuit in control unit is mainly processing circuit, exports control and communication interface, wherein, processing circuit is the fault feedback circuit of sensor signal eliminator, the reset of power supply, conversion, supervisory circuit and final controlling element; Output control circuit is power driving circuit and low-side driver circuitry; Communication interface circuit is then for carrying out communication with external touch type liquid crystal display.Wherein Sensor section comprises: organism temperature sensor, intake air temperature sensor, air inlet pressure sensor, throttle position sensor, Hall type crankshaft position sensor.The built-in self-diagnostic function of actuator driven chip MC33812, when final controlling element breaks down, then feeds back to master chip with the form of logic high.
This cover system is by lcd touch type display screen exploitation calibration software, and the mode with CAN between touch screen and electronic control unit realizes communication, and as observation interface, display engine operating parameter and fault message.In system cloud gray model, when a failure occurs, warning light will be lighted to show fault state.
The main working process of this cover automatical control system is as described below:
The master chip of 1.ECU ECU (Electrical Control Unit) is MC9S12P128, by reset circuit, power-switching circuit and power supply supervisory circuit, by the work of the power supply of 12V voltage supply ECU (Electrical Control Unit), and guarantee the safety and stability of power supply, prevent the hardware of spread of voltage to ECU ECU (Electrical Control Unit) from causing damage;
2. after ECU ECU (Electrical Control Unit) works on power, each sensor comprises hall-effect speed sensor (crankshaft position sensor), organism temperature sensor, intake air temperature sensor, air inlet pressure sensor, throttle position sensor starts to gather every physical signalling, these sensors with fixing frequency acquisition by the process of the physical quantity required for control program by eliminator, be transferred to master chip MC9S12P128, wherein: (1) hall-effect speed sensor (crankshaft position sensor) is used for the tooth edge signal of collection 11 (12-1) fluted disc, this signal may be used for judging edentulous site and calculates rotating speed, (2) organism temperature sensor is used for harvester temperature, for revising fuel injection quantity, (3) intake air temperature sensor is for gathering the gas temperature of suction port, for revising fuel injection quantity, (4) air inlet pressure sensor is for gathering the suction pressure in intake manifold, owing to eliminating the CMPS Camshaft Position Sensor for judging engine phase position in this cover system, therefore this signal and hall-effect speed sensor signal can be utilized to work in coordination with the air inlet phase judging motor, after judging hypodontia success, the top dead center position of motor can be calculated, program enters sync state, when continuous acquisition to three boost pressure signal be decrement states, then can judge that this stroke is engine induction stroke, (5) throttle position sensor is installed on throttle body, for judging operation intention and the engine load conditions of engine operator.
3. after controlling main program and obtaining the signal of sensor, by the program computation of inside with table look-up, can actuate actuators to control the operation of motor.Final controlling element mainly comprises ignition system, electromagnetic injector, small fuel oil pump, fault indicating lamp, wherein: (1) ignition system comprises igniter, spark coil and spark plug, inductance type ignitor is used for carrying out discharge igniting to engine spark plug, is driven by the power driving circuit of MC33812; (2) electromagnetic injector is for controlling oil injection time and fuel injection quantity, is driven by the low-side driver circuitry of MC33812; (3) small fuel oil pump is used for drawing gasoline from fuel tank and making gasoline produce certain pressure, carries out work by the disconnection that is pulled on of relay; (4) fault indicating lamp is used to indicate the existence of fault, and when system malfunctions, indicating fault lantern festival is lit, and is driven by the low-side driver circuitry of MC33812; (5) relay is for controlling the component work of outside large voltage, big current, is driven by the low-side driver circuitry of MC33812; (6) when final controlling element breaks down, then by the feedback loop of MC33812, trouble signal can be fed back to master chip.
4. while the work of control system, the communication system that native system provides is lcd touch type display screen, this touch screen can pass through communication interface circuit, realize the demarcation of the monitoring to engine condition, oil spout, ignition parameter, mode with CAN between touch screen and electronic control unit realizes communication, and as observation interface, display engine operating parameter and fault message.
5. while engine operation, communication system needs the running state of monitoring engine constantly, communication system comprises upper-position unit and lower-position unit two large divisions: upper computer module is integrated in liquid crystal type touch screen, comprise calibration interface, data management and Communication Control function, configuration file is read by data management module, carry out initializing set, realize the function of engine monitoring, parameter calibration, data management, communication control, display fault diagnosis result; Lower-position unit Module-embedding is in the main program of control unit ECU, comprise application program, CAN drives and CCP protocol integrated test system, code and data copy to RAM from PFlash and DFlash and run by program respectively, and the sensor signal of Real-time Collection after hardware and software regulates; Upper-position unit sends control command to lower-position unit, and lower-position unit sends feedback information to upper-position unit, carries out communication between the two by CAN.
As shown in Figure 4, MC33812 chip is used to the final controlling element of driving control system, RIN, IGNIN, INJIN are the master chip signal input pin of relay, igniter, oil sprayer, ROUT, IGNOUTH, IGNOUTL, IJNOUT are the drive singal output pin of MC33812 chip, and RELFLT, IGNFLT, INJFLT are fault feedback pin.Master chip MCU is connected with MC33812 chip, and MC33812 is used for driving final controlling element and returning self-diagnosis of trouble break signal to master chip.Wherein, the RIN be connected with master chip is relay drive signal input pin, master chip is to RIN pin input control signal, corresponding is ROUT pin with it, this pin is that final controlling element low side drives pin, and when master chip exports high level signal to RIN pin, then ROUT is set to low level, thus relay control circuit is switched on, relay adhesive works; The INJIN be connected with master chip is injector driving signal input pin, master chip exports control signal to INJIN pin, corresponding is INJOUT pin with it, this pin is that oil sprayer low side drives pin, when master chip exports high level signal to INJIN pin, then INJOUT is set to low level, thus oil sprayer control loop is switched on, oil sprayer work; The IGNIN be connected with master chip is for being fire signal input pin, IGNOUTH, IGNOUTL are igniter power stage pin, the mode adopting low side to drive due to system controls external transistor, so use IGNOUTL end to control the opening and closing of power tube, the collector electrode feedback voltage of power tube when IGNFB end is for detecting igniting, select two resistance of 47k Ω and 5.1k Ω to carry out dividing potential drop in design respectively, realize the Real-Time Monitoring of voltage; RELFLT, IGNFLT, INJFLT are fault feedback pin, and when relay, oil sprayer, igniter break down, this pin can be set to high level, until fault is excluded; LAMPIN is fault indicating lamp drive singal input pin, and LAMOUT corresponding is with it that fault indicating lamp low side drives pin, when LAMPIN pin be high petential then LAMOUT be set to low level, then fault indicating lamp loop is connected, and fault indicating lamp is lit; IGNSUP is ignition installation energization pins; VBAT is power supply.
In describing the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, and such as, can be fixedly connected with, also can be removably connect, or connect integratedly; Can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection; Can be directly be connected, also indirectly can be connected by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, concrete condition above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention can be understood.
Above to a kind of electronic control system for small-sized single cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine provided by the present invention and to this has been detailed introduction, apply specific case herein to set forth principle of the present invention and mode of execution, be noted that, the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention.All any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. for an electronic control system for small-sized single cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine, it is characterized in that: comprise control unit, sensor, communication system and final controlling element; Described control unit is connected with final controlling element with sensor, communication system respectively;
Described control unit comprises master chip, eliminator, communication interface circuit, power driving circuit, low-side driver circuitry, feeder loop, power supply supervisory circuit, power-switching circuit and reset circuit;
Described master chip is connected with reset circuit with eliminator, communication interface circuit, power driving circuit, low-side driver circuitry, feeder loop, power supply supervisory circuit, power-switching circuit respectively; Described eliminator is connected with sensor, and described communication interface circuit is connected with communication system, and described power driving circuit, low-side driver circuitry, feeder loop are connected with final controlling element respectively;
Described sensor comprises hall-effect speed sensor, organism temperature sensor, intake air temperature sensor, throttle position sensor and air inlet pressure sensor; Described hall-effect speed sensor one side and described air inlet pressure sensor combine for judging engine compresses top dead center, adopt hall-effect speed sensor on the other hand, coordinate the signal panel of 11 (12-1) tooth, obtain the tooth edge signal of signal panel, and combined with angle of swing by the time difference of this edge signal, calculation engine rotating speed; Described organism temperature sensor and described intake air temperature sensor are for obtaining temperature signal; Described throttle position sensor is for obtaining the opening angle of current throttle; Described air inlet pressure sensor for detecting the gas pressure in intake manifold, and coordinates described hall-effect speed sensor, jointly judges aspirating stroke;
Described final controlling element comprises ignition system, electromagnetic injector, fuel pump, fault indicating lamp; Described ignition system comprises igniter, spark coil and spark plug, for completing the ignition operation of motor; Described electromagnetic injector opens and closes the break-make regulating oil feed line by Controlling solenoid valve; Described fuel pump and fuel pressure regulator coordinate, and set up stable fuel pressure; The effect of described fault indicating lamp is whether instruction current system exists fault;
Described communication system comprises upper-position unit and lower-position unit two large divisions, upper computer module is integrated in touch screen, this touch screen passes through communication interface circuit, realize the demarcation of the monitoring to engine condition, oil spout, ignition parameter, mode with CAN between touch screen and electronic control unit realizes communication, and as observation interface, display engine operating parameter and fault message.
2. a kind of electronic control system for small-sized single cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described master chip is Freescale MC9S12P128.
3. a kind of electronic control system for small-sized single cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the driving chip of described final controlling element is MC33812 chip, and MC33812 driving chip carries power driving circuit, low-side driver circuitry, feeder loop.
4. a kind of electronic control system for small-sized single cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described air inlet pressure sensor is the piezoresistive pressure transducer of medium measuring accuracy.
5. a kind of electronic control system for small-sized single cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described throttle position sensor inside is slide rheostat.
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CN106762328A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江派尼尔科技股份有限公司 | Shipboard digital igniter |
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