CN105141050B - Ring-shaped yoke portion armature winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator - Google Patents
Ring-shaped yoke portion armature winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN105141050B CN105141050B CN201510694317.4A CN201510694317A CN105141050B CN 105141050 B CN105141050 B CN 105141050B CN 201510694317 A CN201510694317 A CN 201510694317A CN 105141050 B CN105141050 B CN 105141050B
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Abstract
The invention discloses ring-shaped yoke portion armature winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator, including stator and mover, the stator includes the stator yoke being made up of stator slot yoke and stator back yoke, permanent magnet is provided between stator slot yoke and stator back yoke, stator slot yoke is located at stator trench bottom close to lateral direction, groove where the stator slot includes armature winding is groove i.e. excitation groove where armature slot and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, the armature slot and the arrangement of excitation groove alternate intervals, a set of armature winding is laid in the armature slot, set of excitation winding is laid in the excitation groove, main air gap is provided between stator tooth and mover tooth；The stator slot yoke portion of top disconnects in groove where Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, if additional air gap, the size of the leakage magnetic flux can be adjusted by adjusting sense of current and size in Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, play a part of increasing magnetic and degaussing, and then the size of the main flux entered by main air gap in mover is adjusted, regulation excitation is realized with this.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magneto, more particularly to a kind of mixing of ring-shaped yoke portion armature winding high power density to encourage
Magnetic permanent magnet linear generator.
Background technology
The electric energy inputted can be converted into straight line kinetic energy by linear motor driver in required occasion, real
Now move along a straight line, save the machine driving conversion equipment in traditional rotation-straight line conversion type of drive, substantially reduce transmission dress
The volume put, improves the reliability and efficiency of whole system, and effectively reduces the cost and maintenance cost of equipment, not only such as
This, also traditional rotation-straight line changes the high speed that type of drive is unable to reach, high accuracy and robustness.Further, since transmission turns
Changing device can dramatically increase vibration and the noise of transmission system, reduce the control accuracy and performance of system.Therefore, in modern industry
In production process, especially all particular applications, such as precision instrument, aero-space instrument, Medical Instruments etc., straight line electric
Machine has obtained more and more extensive application.
Kinetic energy caused by linear motion directly can be converted into electric energy by linear electric generator, and hair is directly driven using linear electric generator
Electricity, the being mutually matched property of machinery of moving component and TRT can be significantly increased, kinetic energy capture rate is high, especially in the straight of low speed
Line kinematic system, more there is advantage using linear electric generator.
At present, linear electric generator has a following species, 1) linear induction generator, its feature are：End effect is obvious, especially
When it is high-speed cruising, end effect causes motor propulsive force to be obviously reduced；Efficiency and power factor are all than relatively low, usual efficiency
50%~60%, power factor only has 0.5 or so, and control system and control strategy are extremely complex；2) permanent magnet linear generator,
There is high power density and high efficiency, directly drive electricity generation system applied to ocean wave energy at present.But existing permanent magnetism
The permanent magnet of linear electric motors is mostly on mover, and as mover moves reciprocatingly, the magnetic property of permanent-magnet material is easily by temperature, rust
The influence of the external environmental factor such as erosion and vibration, therefore, for the more severe occasion of running environment, permanent magnet linear generator is simultaneously
It is inapplicable；3) straight line switch reluctance generator, motor body is simple in construction, and manufacturing cost is low, and operational reliability is high, and having can
The advantage run under various mal-conditions, maintenance cost are low.In addition, its whole system efficiency is moved higher than linear induction
Machine, and with broad economical operation scope, can be realized by various flexible control strategies a series of gratifying
Performance, but straight line switch reluctance generator power density is relatively low.
In recent years, with the raising of permanent-magnet material resistance to elevated temperatures and the reduction of price, magneto is in national defence, industrial or agricultural
Production and daily life etc. are more widely applied, and positive high-power, high performance and miniaturization direction are developed.
For the power of magneto from several milliwatts to several megawatts, application draws use from toy motor, commercial Application to naval vessel at present
Large-scale magneto, be widely applied in the various aspects of national economy, daily life, war industry, Aero-Space,
Similar with permanent magnet rotating electric machine, the problem of existing permanent-magnet linear electricity is present, is as follows：
1st, existing permanent-magnetism linear motor winding is generally 3 phases, and stator slot number is more, winding inserting complex process, is manufactured into
This height；Existing most of permanent-magnetism linear motor permanent magnets are located on mover, are moved with mover during operation, permanent magnet needs to use
Special procedure is fixed, and manufacturing cost is high, and when especially motor operation speed is higher, permanent magnet fixes difficulty, because permanent magnet is located at
On mover, radiating is difficult during operation, temperature rise and caused by reciprocating motion vibration permanent magnet mechanical structure can be caused to damage
With generation irreversible demagnetization.
2nd, existing permanent magnet linear generator is generally three-phase, it is desirable to which the power inversion circuit of motor at least needs 6 power
Switching device, such as IGBT or MOSFET, and the corresponding drive circuit and the protection that drive the device for power switching
Circuit so that power of motor inverter circuit cost is at a relatively high, even up to two to three times of motor body cost, power switch device
Part increasing number adds control circuit complexity, the possibility increase of device failure, the reliability of runtime system
Reduce.
3rd, existing permanent-magnetism linear motor be mostly permanent magnet directly facing air gap, permanent magnet faces the danger that can not demagnetize, and
And the existing permanent-magnetism linear motor winding number of phases is more, iron core inside groove number is more, winding inserting complex process during manufacture, iron core dosage
Greatly, motor quality is big, and stock utilization is low when electric power generation is run.
4th, existing permanent-magnetism linear motor is fixed due to permanent magnet magnetic kinetic potential, and motor main flux is non-adjustable, causes invariable power to be transported
Line range is narrow, and voltage is non-adjustable during generator operation, does not have De-excitation at fault function, and machine winding is generally 3 phases, number of stator slots
Mesh is more, winding inserting complex process；Existing most of permanent magnet of permanent magnet motor are located on mover, are transported with mover during operation
Dynamic, permanent magnet need to be fixed using special procedure, and manufacturing cost is high, and when especially motor speed is higher, permanent magnet fixation is more difficult,
Because permanent magnet is located on mover, radiating is difficult during operation, temperature rise and caused by mover moves vibration can cause permanent magnetism
Irreversible demagnetization is damaged and occurred to body mechanical structure.
For the existing nonadjustable shortcoming of permanent-magnetism linear motor excitation magnetic potential, related scholar proposes some composite excitation knots
Structure motor, this kind of composite excitation structural electromotor can be divided into two classes from excitation mode：
One kind is permanent magnet magnetic potential and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection magnetic potential series-mode frame, this class formation due to magnetic flux need through
Permanent magnet, exciting current is big, and excitation loss is high, and the risk of irreversible demagnetization can be produced to permanent magnet, and application is not extensive；
Another kind of is the structure of permanent magnet magnetic potential and the parallel connection of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection magnetic potential, and this class formation typically uses stator permanent magnet
Formula, permanent magnet are located on stator, and by adjusting Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection current regulation magnetic field, this kind of motor adjustable magnetic performance is good, but increase is encouraged
After magnetic winding, machine winding tricks is more so that electric machine structure is complicated, it sometimes appear that there is the situation of more set windings in a groove
Or existing phase winding has the situation of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, groove domestic demand increase phase insulation, winding inserting complex process, groove utilization rate again
Low, in addition, it is desirable to increase excitation groove, electromechanics structure scatteredization is serious, assembles fixed difficult, processing technology complexity, motor
Cost is high.What is more important, increase after Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, it is necessary at least be further added by device for power switching control Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection
Electric current, which further adds the cost of power circuit, moreover, magnetic flux caused by Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection and main flux share main magnetic
Road and main air gap, by motor, other design parameters are limited excitation effect, can only be by adjusting excitation electricity once motor is made
Flow control excitation effect, magnetic flux can not be controlled by individually designed magnetic excitation circuit.
Therefore, seek that a kind of winding number of phases is few, and iron core dosage is few, motor body manufacturing process is simple, and permanent magnet is positioned at fixed
Easy for installation on son, cost is low, and power circuit switching device number is few, controller and power circuit cost it is low have adjustable magnetic work(
The composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator of energy is most important.
In addition, existing magneto uses Distributed Winding or the concentratred winding across multiple pole spans more, generally deposits
In winding terminal minister, copper consumption is big, and manufacturing cost is high, and copper loss is big during motor operation, the shortcomings such as efficiency is low, especially for iron core
The larger motor of length, this shortcoming is especially prominent, it is necessary to reduce winding overhang using special winding coil connected mode,
Reduction copper, improve motor operation efficiency.
The content of the invention
To solve the shortcomings of the prior art, the invention discloses a kind of ring-shaped yoke portion armature winding high power density to mix
Excitation permanent magnet linear generator is closed, motor of the present invention is hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor, is had the characteristics that：
1st, there was only a set of stator armature winding A and set of excitation winding F on stator, and only laid in each groove of motor
A set of winding, phase insulation is not needed in groove, machine winding down line process is simple, and whole cost is less than existing all kinds of three-phase senses
Motor and magneto are answered, due to being not required to phase insulation in groove, copper factor is high；
2nd, armature winding is laid in armature groove of the present invention, armature winding penetrates from an armature slot, then outwards
Side direction passes by stator back yoke, forms a coil, and armature winding surrounds stator slot yoke, and permanent magnet and stator back yoke twine
Around the armature winding in each armature slot is a set of coil, forms 4 sets of coils altogether, and 4 sets of coils can be serially connected or simultaneously
Connection；
3rd, motor permanent magnet of the present invention is fixed on stator, is not moved with mover, easy for installation, is advantageous to radiate, and is eliminated
Common magneto due to permanent magnet moves with mover and caused mechanical stress is damaged, the permanent magnet bad grade that radiates lacks
Point；The power density of motor of the present invention is high, and stock utilization is high, the motor of same design power, and motor of the present invention saves material
Dosage, reduce cost；There was only a set of armature winding A indirect current streams during motor operation of the present invention, and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection F passes to direction
Constant DC current, therefore the control circuit of motor only needs two electric and electronic power switching devices, such as IGBT or
MOSFET, as shown in figure 1, and have on existing all kinds of induction conductivities and permanent magnet motor stator three-phase and the armature of the above around
Group is, it is necessary at least six electric and electronic power switching device, as shown in Fig. 2 therefore, being opened needed for the control system of motor of the present invention
Pass device is few, and cost is low, simple in construction.Further, since device for power switching number is few, power in circuit for controlling motor is reduced
The possibility that switching device breaks down, reliability improve.
4th, excitation field can be adjusted during motor operation of the present invention, and electricity can be adjusted by the electric current for adjusting Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection F
Magnetic flux density in machine air gap, motor excitation winding of the present invention are placed in below additional air gap, and both are placed side by side, excitation around
Magnetic flux caused by group is directly over additional air gap, stator tooth, and main air gap and mover tooth forms closed-loop path, magnetic flux without
Permanent magnet, with permanent magnet caused by magnetic flux formed parallel relationship, this not only effectively increases weak magnetic efficiency, and avoids permanent magnetism
The risk of body irreversible demagnetization such as caused magnetic property decline due to magnetic reversal, the permanent magnet selection spirit of motor of the present invention
It is living, the permanent magnet of high energy product can be both selected, the permanent magnet of the low magnetic energy product such as ferrite can also be selected, because can pass through
The design air gap flux density of motor determines the residual flux density of permanent magnet, then determines permanent magnet by changing the pole embrace of permanent magnet
Magnetic energy product, and existing magneto is because pole embrace is limited by number of poles, generally only using high-performance permanent magnet
The close needs of design magnetic can be met.
5th, because the difference of additional air gap width can significantly change the magnetic resistance of motor magnetic circuit, the leakage field between permanent magnet is influenceed
It is logical, and then the increasing magnetic and weak magnetic effect of motor are influenceed, therefore, thus it is possible to vary the width of additional air gap uses not wide up and down
Gap structure, different motor characteristics can be obtained by the additional air gap width for changing motor, different application field is met with this
The needs of conjunction.
To achieve the above object, concrete scheme of the invention is as follows：
Ring-shaped yoke portion armature winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator, including stator and mover, it is described
Stator includes the stator yoke being made up of stator slot yoke and stator back yoke, and permanent magnet, stator are provided between stator slot yoke and stator back yoke
Groove yoke is located at stator trench bottom close to lateral direction, and groove where the stator slot includes armature winding is armature slot and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection
Place groove is excitation groove, the armature slot and the arrangement of excitation groove alternate intervals, and a set of armature winding is laid in the armature slot,
Set of excitation winding is laid in the excitation groove；
The mover includes mover tooth, and mover groove is provided between adjacent mover tooth, is set between stator tooth and the mover tooth
There is main air gap；The stator slot yoke portion of trench bottom disconnects where the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, is set to additional air gap；
During motor operation, size of current and the direction of a set of armature winding are controlled, it is constant that the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection leads to direction
DC current, armature supply magnetic field, magnetic field interaction caused by exciting current magnetic field and permanent magnet cause the magnetic on stator tooth
Logical mutually enhancing is offset, and stator field is continuously opened or turned off in a certain direction, utilizes magnetic resistance between stator and mover
Change produces torque and generated electricity.
Further, a part of magnetic flux caused by adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets forms main magnetic by main air gap into mover
Logical, another part enters mover without main air gap and closes to form leakage magnetic flux by the additional air gap, because permanent magnet produces
Total magnetic flux be certain, the size by adjusting electric current in Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection can adjust the size of the leakage magnetic flux, and then adjust
The size for the main flux that section is entered in mover by main air gap, the effect of regulation excitation is realized with this.
Further, every piece of permanent magnet can both be magnetized by a monoblock permanent magnet and be formed, can also be by polylith narrower width
Permanent magnet be spliced, the polar arc width of the permanent magnet can be with identical, can also be different, on the same stator slot yoke
Permanent magnet magnetizing direction it is identical, the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet in two neighboring stator slot yoke portion is opposite.
Further, the number ns of the motor stator tooth meets：Ns=2*n, wherein n are greater than the natural number equal to 1；
The number nr of the electric mover tooth and the number ns of motor stator tooth meet：nr≥ns/2；
The block number npm of the permanent magnet and the number ns of motor stator tooth meet：Npm/m=0.5*ns, m be more than or equal to
1 natural number.
Further, magnetic flux caused by the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection passes through additional air gap, stator tooth, and main air gap and mover tooth is formed
Closed-loop path, magnetic flux caused by Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection without permanent magnet, with permanent magnet caused by magnetic flux form parallel relationship；Reduce
Magnetic flux corresponds to the magnetic resistance in loop, and same exciting current can produce larger magnetic flux, not only effectively increases weak magnetic effect
Rate, and avoid permanent magnet due to magnetic flux causes permanent magnet magnetic reversal through permanent magnet and caused magnetic property declines
Deng the risk of irreversible demagnetization, the reliability of motor is enhanced.
Further, the additional air gap can be width identical even air gap everywhere, or width is not everywhere
Same non-homogeneous air gap；The width of additional air gap can be changed or different increasing magnetic is obtained using not wide gap structure up and down
With weak magnetic characteristic, the needs of different application occasion are met with this.
Further, the armature winding penetrates from an armature slot, then in outward direction along stator back yoke outer surface
Pass, form a coil, armature winding surrounds stator slot yoke, and permanent magnet and stator back yoke are wound, the electricity in each armature slot
Pivot winding is a set of coil；4 sets of armature coils are formed altogether, and 4 sets of coils can be with parallel with one another or series connection.
Wherein, armature coil is determined by design of electrical motor parameter, and corresponding armature coil is designed according to the needs of motor.
Groove where the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection a from Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection penetrates, and is passed from adjacent excitation groove, two neighboring excitation
Winding in groove forms a magnet exciting coil, and each magnet exciting coil is across two stator tooths away from where two neighboring Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection
The size of current of winding is identical in groove, in the opposite direction.
The width of the permanent magnet of the motor can flexibly be determined by the magnetic energy product according to permanent magnet or residual flux density；
The residual flux density of permanent magnet can be determined according to the design air gap flux density of motor, then by changing the pole embrace of permanent magnet come really
Determine the magnetic energy product of permanent magnet, and existing magneto generally only uses high-performance because pole embrace is limited by number of poles
Permanent magnet could meet to design the close needs of magnetic.
Wherein, the residual flux density of permanent magnet and the width of permanent magnet are directly proportional, therefore use high energy product or high remanent magnetism
The permanent magnet of density can be substantially reduced the width of permanent magnet, reduce the dosage of permanent magnet.Actually magnetic energy product is that permanent magnet remains
Magnetic density and coercitive product, but residual flux density is more paid close attention to for those skilled in the art, therefore high energy product is general
Just represent high residual flux density.
The permanent magnet can be the permanent-magnet material such as neodymium iron boron of high energy product or be low magnetic energy product permanent magnetism material
Material such as ferrite or aluminium nickel cobalt are made.
The permanent magnet is in close contact with stator back yoke iron core and stator slot yoke core.
A set of armature winding or Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection are only laid in the stator slot, phase insulation is not needed in stator slot,
Groove utilization rate is high, and winding inserting technique is simple, and manufacturing cost is low.
With non-magnet materials such as infusion epoxy resins, the globality of electric machine structure can be improved in the additional air gap.
The stator tooth, stator yoke and mover tooth are formed using silicon steel plate stacking or using high permeability core materials
Once it is made.
The number of turn of 4 sets of coils of the armature winding can be the same or different, and the stator back yoke can set recessed
Groove or iron core baffle plate fixed armature winding.
Motor of the present invention is specifically such to work, and the stator core and mover core mover of motor of the present invention use silicon
Steel disc is overrided to form or the core material of high permeability is once made, when armature winding and the equal no power of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, institute
The part for stating magnetic flux caused by permanent magnet passes through stator slot yoke, and stator tooth and main air gap flow into mover tooth, then by adjacent
Mover tooth flows out to the permanent magnet under main air gap reaches another extremely, then is closed by stator back yoke, and this results in the master of motor
Magnetic flux；Another part magnetic flux caused by permanent magnet passes through additional air gap without main air gap by stator slot yoke, enters
Permanent magnet under another adjacent stator slot yoke, is closed by stator back yoke, and this part magnetic flux does not enter into main air gap and moved
Son, only closed in stator interior, this part magnetic flux is leakage magnetic flux.Below air gap excitation groove, excitation are provided with close to circle centre position
Lay Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection in groove, during Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection galvanization, according to the difference of the sense of current, magnetic field caused by Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection will increase
Strong or weakening main flux, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection electric current is bigger, and the enhancing or weakening effect to main flux are stronger, due to Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection magnetic
Gesture and permanent magnet magnetic potential are in parallel, and total magnetic flux caused by permanent magnet is certain, therefore, by adjusting electric current in Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection
Direction and size can adjust the size of the leakage magnetic flux, and then adjust the big of the main flux entered by main air gap in mover
It is small, the effect of regulation excitation is realized with this.When armature winding is powered, magnetic field caused by armature winding electric current causes armature winding
Different polarity is presented in the stator tooth of place armature slot both sides respectively, with permanent magnet caused by magnetic fields be superimposed so that one
Stator tooth shows polarity, there is main flux magnetic flux process, and another adjacent stator tooth does not have polarity, and no magnetic flux flows through, due to electricity
Pivot winding is set every a groove, and the stator tooth for therefore, in motor having half has polarity, and the stator tooth of half does not have polarity,
According to magnetic resistance minimum principle, will move to mover makes mover tooth with having the position that the stator tooth of polarity overlaps, due to mover
The number of teeth is the half of the stator number of teeth, and now just each mover tooth with stator tooth face, this position is mover tooth and stator
The aligned position of tooth, the inductance of this position correspondence is maximum and magnetic resistance is minimum.Now, mover continues to move, and keeps armature winding
Interior sense of current is constant, and the power of its motion hindered and generator operation, is continued to be powered in inductance last transition by mover,
Power generation process will be continued for, and after stator and mover align once again, change the direction of armature supply so that just now without pole
Property stator tooth show polarity, and the stator tooth of original polarized did not showed polarity, and mover continues stress and simultaneously generated electricity, this process
It will repeat always, power generation process is continued for.Because the main flux that mover tooth is entered by main air gap can be encouraged by above-mentioned
Magnetic current regulation, therefore, motor of the present invention can need to realize according to actual condition increases magnetic operation and weak magnetic field operation, widens motor
Output voltage range, reduce manufacturing cost, improve electric efficiency.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1st, motor excitation winding of the present invention leads to the constant DC current in direction, it is only necessary to controls the electric current of a set of armature winding
Size and Orientation, therefore two device for power switching are only needed, and common three phase electric machine needs at least six device for power switching,
Device for power switching number is few needed for electric machine controller, and cost is low.
2nd, during motor operation of the present invention magnetic field caused by armature winding and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection on the stator teeth mutually enhancing or
Offset, during motor operation armature winding and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection complete period be powered simultaneously, therefore, the power density height of motor of the present invention,
Stock utilization is high, the motor of same design power, and motor of the present invention saves material usage, reduces cost.
3rd, motor permanent magnet of the present invention is fixed on stator, is not moved with mover, easy for installation, is advantageous to radiate, and is eliminated
Common magneto due to permanent magnet moves with mover and caused mechanical stress is damaged, the permanent magnet bad grade that radiates lacks
Point.
4th, a set of winding is only laid in each stator slot of motor of the present invention, machine winding inserting-coil process is simple, in groove not
Need to place phase insulation, be advantageous to improve copper factor and groove utilization rate；Armature winding of the present invention for it is simple concentrate around
Group, around stator slot yoke, permanent magnet and stator yoke winding, when motor stator length is larger, winding terminal can be substantially reduced
Portion's copper consumption, manufacturing cost is reduced, reduce copper loss, improve motor operation efficiency.
5th, in addition to main air gap, motor of the present invention is additionally provided with additional air gap, and additional air gap will not increase the size of motor；It is adjacent
A part of magnetic flux caused by two pieces of permanent magnets enters mover by main air gap and forms main flux, and another part enters without main air gap
Enter mover and close to form leakage magnetic flux by the additional air gap, because total magnetic flux caused by permanent magnet is certain, pass through tune
The size of electric current can conveniently adjust the size of the leakage magnetic flux in section Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, and then adjust and enter mover by main air gap
In main flux size, can both play increasing magnetic action, can play again weak magnetic effect, effectively widen motor rotating speed output
Scope and power output scope, significantly improve the performance of motor.
6th, the geomery of additional air gap can need flexibly to change according to different weak magnetics, can use wide air gap, on
Narrow air gap or up-narrow and down-wide air gap under width, different weak magnetic effects is reached with this；Magnetic flux caused by Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is by additional
Air gap, stator tooth, main air gap and mover tooth form closed-loop path, and magnetic flux caused by Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is without permanent magnet, with permanent magnetism
Magnetic flux caused by body forms parallel relationship, reduces the magnetic resistance that magnetic flux corresponds to loop, same exciting current can produce larger
Magnetic flux, not only effectively increase weak magnetic efficiency, and avoid permanent magnet because magnetic flux causes through permanent magnet
Permanent magnet magnetic reversal and caused magnetic property such as decline at the risk of irreversible demagnetization, enhance the reliability of motor.
7th, because the cost of the permanent magnet of wider width is higher, easily ruptured when mechanically stressed, it is more difficult during installation,
Mechanical strength is not as good as the situation that the less permanent magnet of polylith polar arc width is spliced, and the permanent magnet in motor of the present invention can be with
For one piece of permanent magnet integrally to magnetize, can also be spliced by polylith permanent magnet, therefore motor manufacturing technology of the present invention is simple,
Cost is low.
8th, because the polar arc width of the permanent magnet of motor of the present invention can be according to the design magnetic energy product or design of permanent magnet
Residual flux density flexibly determines, so motor of the present invention can use the permanent magnet of high energy product or using low magnetic energy product
Permanent magnet, high energy product permanent magnet and low magnetic energy product permanent magnet mix and match can also be used, can be according to electricity in actual design
The design air gap flux density of machine determines the residual flux density of permanent magnet, then permanent magnet required for being determined by the pole embrace of permanent magnet
Magnetic energy product, and existing magneto is because pole embrace is limited by number of poles, generally only using high-performance permanent magnet
The needs of high performance motor can be met.
Brief description of the drawings
The power converter circuit figure of Fig. 1 motors of the present invention；
The existing brushless direct current permanent magnetics of Fig. 2 and permagnetic synchronous motor power converter circuit figure；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of motor embodiment 1 of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of motor embodiment 2 of the present invention；
Wherein, 1. stator tooth, 2. stator back yokes, 3. stator slot yokes, 4. armature slots, 5. excitation grooves, 6. armature winding, 7. encourage
Magnetic winding, 8. permanent magnets, 9. mover teeth, 10. mover grooves, 11. main air gaps, 12 additional air gaps.
Embodiment：
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
For embodiment 1 as shown in figure 3, the present embodiment motor stator number of teeth is 8, the mover number of teeth is 4, and permanent magnet block number is 4,
Present embodiment includes stator, mover, main air gap and additional air gap, and stator includes stator core, permanent magnet and stator slot, stator
Iron core includes stator tooth 1, stator back yoke 2 and stator slot yoke 3, and stator core is made up of high permeability ferromagnetic material, stator core
Stator slot is provided with, stator slot includes armature slot 5 and excitation groove 6, armature slot 5 and the arrangement of the alternate intervals of excitation groove 6, armature slot 4
Armature winding 6 is inside laid, armature winding 6 penetrates from an armature slot 4, then in outward direction along the outer surface of stator back yoke 2
Pass, form a coil, armature winding 6 surrounds stator slot yoke 3, and permanent magnet 8 and stator back yoke 2 are wound, in each armature slot
Armature winding be a set of coil, form 4 sets coils altogether, 4 sets coils can be with each other in series or parallel, the interior placement of excitation groove 5
There is Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7 penetrates from an excitation groove 5, is passed from another adjacent excitation groove 5, forms a line
Circle so that the size of current in per two neighboring excitation groove is identical, in the opposite direction；Laid between stator slot yoke 3 and stator back yoke 2
There is a permanent magnet 8, for permanent magnet 8 using the ferrite permanent magnet material of low magnetic energy product, the magnetizing direction of adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets is opposite；
Mover includes mover tooth 9 and mover groove 10, and main air gap 11 is provided between mover tooth and stator tooth；On in the place groove of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7
The stator slot yoke portion of side disconnects, if additional air gap 12, the width everywhere of additional air gap 12 is equal.
For embodiment 2 as shown in figure 4, the present embodiment motor stator number of teeth is 8, the mover number of teeth is 4, and permanent magnet block number is 8,
Present embodiment includes stator, mover, main air gap and additional air gap, and stator includes stator core, permanent magnet and stator slot, stator
Iron core includes stator tooth 1, stator back yoke 2 and stator slot yoke 3, and stator core is made up of high permeability ferromagnetic material, stator core
Stator slot is provided with, stator slot includes armature slot 4 and excitation groove 5, armature slot 4 and the arrangement of the alternate intervals of excitation groove 6, armature slot 4
Armature winding 6 is inside laid, armature winding 6 penetrates from an armature slot 4, then in outward direction along the outer surface of stator back yoke 2
Pass, form a coil, armature winding 6 surrounds stator slot yoke 3, and permanent magnet 8 and stator back yoke 2 are wound, in each armature slot
Armature winding be a set of coil, form 4 sets coils altogether, 4 sets coils can be with each other in series or parallel, the interior placement of excitation groove 5
There is Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7 penetrates from an excitation groove 5, is passed from another adjacent excitation groove 5, forms a line
Circle so that the size of current in per two neighboring excitation groove is identical, in the opposite direction；Laid between stator slot yoke 3 and stator back yoke 2
There is permanent magnet 8, there are 2 pieces of permanent magnets on each stator slot yoke 3, permanent magnet uses the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet material of high energy product, together
The magnetizing direction of 2 pieces of permanent magnets on one stator slot yoke is identical, the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet on adjacent different stator slot yokes
Conversely；Mover includes mover tooth 9 and mover groove 10, and main air gap 11 is provided between mover tooth and stator tooth；The place groove of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7
The stator slot yoke portion of interior top disconnects, if additional air gap 12, the width everywhere of additional air gap 12 is equal.
Although above-mentioned the embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to accompanying drawing, model not is protected to the present invention
The limitation enclosed, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme those skilled in the art are not
Need to pay various modifications or deformation that creative work can make still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. ring-shaped yoke portion armature winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator, it is characterized in that, including stator and dynamic
Son, the stator include the stator yoke being made up of stator slot yoke and stator back yoke, permanent magnetism are provided between stator slot yoke and stator back yoke
Body, stator slot yoke are located at stator trench bottom close to lateral direction, groove where the stator slot includes armature winding be armature slot and
Groove where Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is excitation groove, the armature slot and the arrangement of excitation groove alternate intervals, is laid in the armature slot a set of
Armature winding, set of excitation winding is laid in the excitation groove；
The mover includes mover tooth, and mover groove is provided between adjacent mover tooth, master is provided between stator tooth and the mover tooth
Air gap；The stator slot yoke portion of trench bottom disconnects where the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, is set to additional air gap；
During motor operation, size of current and the direction of a set of armature winding are controlled, the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection leads to the constant direct current in direction
Electric current, armature supply magnetic field, magnetic field interaction caused by exciting current magnetic field and permanent magnet cause the magnetic flux phase on stator tooth
Mutually enhancing or counteracting, stator field are continuously opened or turned off in a certain direction, utilize magnetic resistance change rate between stator and mover
Produce torque and generate electricity；
A part of magnetic flux caused by adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets by main air gap enter mover formed main flux, another part without
Main air gap enters mover and closes to form leakage magnetic flux by the additional air gap, because total magnetic flux caused by permanent magnet is certain
, by adjusting the size of the big minor adjustment leakage magnetic flux of electric current in Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, and then adjust entered by main air gap it is dynamic
The size of main flux in son, the effect of regulation excitation is realized with this；
Every piece of permanent magnet was both magnetized by a monoblock permanent magnet and forms or be spliced by the permanent magnet of polylith narrower width, it is described forever
The polar arc width of magnet is identical or different, and the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet on the same stator slot yoke is identical, two neighboring
The magnetizing direction of permanent magnet in stator slot yoke portion is opposite；
The number ns of the motor stator tooth meets：Ns=2*n, wherein n are greater than the natural number equal to 1；
The number nr of the electric mover tooth and the number ns of motor stator tooth meet：nr≥ns/2；
The block number npm of the permanent magnet and the number ns of motor stator tooth meet：Npm/m=0.5*ns, m are more than or equal to 1
Natural number；Armature winding is connected with power switch pipe.
2. armature winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator in ring-shaped yoke portion as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Sign is that magnetic flux caused by the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection forms closed-loop path by additional air gap, stator tooth, main air gap and mover tooth, encourages
Magnetic flux caused by magnetic winding without permanent magnet, with permanent magnet caused by magnetic flux form parallel relationship.
3. armature winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator in ring-shaped yoke portion as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Sign is that the additional air gap is width identical even air gap everywhere or is the different non-homogeneous air gap of width everywhere.
4. armature winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator in ring-shaped yoke portion as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Sign is that the armature winding penetrates from an armature slot, is then passed in outward direction along stator back yoke outer surface, forms one
Coil, armature winding of the armature winding in stator slot yoke, permanent magnet and the winding of stator back yoke, each armature slot is a set of line
Circle；4 sets of coils are formed altogether, and 4 sets of coils are parallel with one another or connect.
5. armature winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator in ring-shaped yoke portion as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Sign is that groove where the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection a from Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection penetrates, and is passed from adjacent excitation groove, in two neighboring excitation groove
Winding form a magnet exciting coil, each magnet exciting coil is across two stator tooths away from where two neighboring Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection in groove
The size of current of winding is identical, in the opposite direction.
6. armature winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator in ring-shaped yoke portion as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Sign is that the width of the permanent magnet of the motor is flexibly determined by the magnetic energy product according to permanent magnet or residual flux density.
7. armature winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator in ring-shaped yoke portion as claimed in claim 4, it is special
Sign is that the number of turn of 4 sets of coils of the armature winding is identical or different, and the stator back yoke sets groove or iron core baffle plate
Fixed armature winding.
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| CN201510694317.4A CN105141050B (en) | 2015-10-22 | 2015-10-22 | Ring-shaped yoke portion armature winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator |
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| CN201956761U (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2011-08-31 | 东南大学 | Linear cylinder type switched flux permanent magnet generator |
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