CN105140468A - Preparation method for cathode material Na3V2(PO4)3/C of sodium ion battery - Google Patents
Preparation method for cathode material Na3V2(PO4)3/C of sodium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN105140468A CN105140468A CN201510364849.1A CN201510364849A CN105140468A CN 105140468 A CN105140468 A CN 105140468A CN 201510364849 A CN201510364849 A CN 201510364849A CN 105140468 A CN105140468 A CN 105140468A
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- Prior art keywords
- sodium
- vanadium
- phosphate
- ion battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/054—Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/5825—Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method for a cathode material Na3V2(PO4)3/C of a sodium ion battery. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: (1) taking a high-valent vanadium source compound, a sodium source compound, a phosphorus source compound and a reducing agent as raw materials, weighing the reaction raw materials according to the molar ratio of a sodium element, a vanadium element and a phosphorus element of being 3:2:3 and the molar ratio of the reducing agent and the high-valent vanadium source compound of being 3:1 to 15:1, carrying out mechanical ball grinding for 2 to 20 hours, and reducing high-valent vanadium into low-valent vanadium at a normal temperature; and (2) forwarding a precursor obtained through ball grinding in the step (1) into an inert atmosphere or a reducing atmosphere, and carrying out heat preservation for 4 to 20 hours at 600-900 DEG C to obtain the Na3V2(PO4)3/C. The method has the advantages of short flow and low cost, and is easy to control, the prepared Na3V2(PO4)3/C is high in purity and crystallinity, and the production of the cathode material Na3V2(PO4)3/C of the sodium ion battery at a large scale is easy to realize.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sodium-ion battery positive material Na
3v
2(PO
4)
3the preparation method of/C, belongs to energy and material and technical field.
Background technology
Vanadium phosphate sodium (Na
3v
2(PO
4)
3) be a kind of novel sodium-ion battery positive material, it has the advantages such as stable structure, smooth charge and discharge platform, higher capacity, good cycle performance, is the sodium-ion battery positive material having application prospect.Traditional preparation method has high temperature solid-phase sintering method, sol-gal process, carbothermic method, hydro thermal method etc.These methods are by carbon thermal reduction vanadium or high-temperature hydrogen reduction, synthesis temperature is high, manufacturing cycle is long, product contains dephasign, cost consumption is higher, and can not ensure that high price vanadium is reduced under the high temperature conditions fully, thus can not obtain chemical property preferably vanadium phosphate sodium.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of sodium-ion battery positive material Na
3v
2(PO
4)
3the preparation method of/C.The method flow process is short, easy to control, cost is low, the Na of preparation
3v
2(PO
4)
3/ C purity is high, and degree of crystallinity is high, is easy to realize sodium-ion battery positive material Na
3v
2(PO
4)
3the large-scale production of/C.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of sodium-ion battery positive material Na
3v
2(PO
4)
3the preparation method of/C, step is as follows:
(1) with high price vanadium source compound, sodium source compound, P source compound and reducing agent for raw material, be 3:2:3 by the mol ratio of sodium, vanadium, P elements, the mol ratio 3:1-15:1 of reducing agent and high price vanadium source compound, weigh reaction raw materials, machinery ball milling 2-20 hour, to be reduced into Low Valent Vanadium by high price vanadium at normal temperatures;
(2) predecessor that ball milling in step (1) obtains is proceeded in inert atmosphere or reducing atmosphere, at 600-900 DEG C of insulation 4-20 hour, namely obtain vanadium phosphate sodium material.
By such scheme, described high price vanadium source compound is one or more in ammonium metavanadate, vanadic oxide, vanadium dioxide, sodium vanadate, sodium metavanadate.
By such scheme, described P source compound is one or more in sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium phosphate, phosphoric acid, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, triammonium phosphate.
By such scheme, described sodium source compound is one or more in sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium phosphate, sodium carbonate, sodium nitrate, sodium oxalate, sodium acetate, sodium sulphate, NaOH, sodium formate, natrium citricum.
By such scheme, described reducing agent is one or more in oxalic acid, ascorbic acid, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, hutanal, lactic acid, citric acid, malic acid, ethanedioic acid, adipic acid.Be preferably one or both the mixing in oxalic acid, citric acid.
This method adopts cryochemistry reducing process that high price vanadium is reduced into Low Valent Vanadium, can realize the full and uniform reduction of vanadium, and fully the mixing of realization response raw material, then high-temperature calcination, obtains Na
3v
2(PO
4)
3/ C material.The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
Selected vanadium source is high price vanadium, greatly reduces synthesis condition and cost of material;
By adding reducing agent machinery ball milling, the full and uniform reduction of cryochemistry of high price vanadium can be realized, and reaction raw materials is fully mixed, effectively reducing synthesis cost, and be conducive to obtaining purity and the high vanadium phosphate sodium of crystallinity;
Na prepared by the present invention
3v
2(PO
4)
3/ C material is as the positive electrode of secondary sodium-ion battery, and within the scope of 2-3.9V, first all discharge capacities are at 116mAh/g;
Containing Na of the present invention
3v
2(PO
4)
3/ C material has good chemical property (can release close to theoretical specific discharge capacity, and there is very excellent multiplying power discharging property), fail safe is high, low price, synthesis technique is simple, easy to control, can be applied to energy storage device, back-up source, redundant electrical power etc.;
Synthesis cycle of the present invention is short, cheaper starting materials, technique simple, be easy to control, has significant practical value and good application prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is Na of the present invention
3v
2(PO
4)
3the X-ray diffractogram of/C material.
Fig. 2 is Na of the present invention
3v
2(PO
4)
3the Raman spectrogram of/C composite.
Fig. 3 is Na of the present invention
3v
2(PO
4)
3the cyclic voltammetry curve of/C electrode in organic bath, voltage range is 2.7-3.8V, sweeps speed for 1mV/s.
Fig. 4 is Na of the present invention
3v
2(PO
4)
3/ C electrode charging and discharging curve in the electrolyte, voltage range is 2-4.2V, and current density is 20mA/g.1 charging curve; 2 discharge curves.
Fig. 5 is Na of the present invention
3v
2(PO
4)
3/ C electrode high rate performance figure in the electrolyte, voltage range is 2-4V.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
With sodium dihydrogen phosphate, vanadic oxide, oxalic acid for raw material, wherein, the mol ratio of sodium, vanadium, phosphorus is 3:2:3, and oxalic acid and vanadic oxide for 6:1, by raw material machinery ball milling 6 hours, obtain predecessor in the mol ratio of vanadium.Predecessor is proceeded to tube furnace, is warming up to 800 DEG C in nitrogen atmosphere, constant temperature 12 hours, obtains Na
3v
2(PO
4)
3through X-ray diffraction analysis (Fig. 1) ,/C material, determines that the method has synthesized Na
3v
2(PO
4)
3, space group is R-3c.Fig. 2 shows the Raman spectrum of resulting materials, confirms the existence of carbon in material.
Embodiment 2
With sodium carbonate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, vanadic oxide, oxalic acid for raw material, wherein, the mol ratio of sodium, vanadium, phosphorus is 3:2:3, and oxalic acid and vanadic oxide for 4:1, by raw material machinery ball milling 12 hours, obtain predecessor in the mol ratio of vanadium.Predecessor is proceeded to tube furnace, at Ar/H
2(H
2content be 10%) be warming up to 850 DEG C in atmosphere, constant temperature 8 hours, obtains Na
3v
2(PO
4)
3/ C material.
According to Na
3v
2(PO
4)
3/ C, acetylene black, PVDF mass ratio are that 80:10:10 is prepared into electrode, are to electrode with sodium metal, 1mol/LNaPF
6vinyl carbonate/diethyl carbonate (volume ratio 1:1) is electrolyte, barrier film is cellgard2035, in glove box, be assembled into battery and cyclic voltammetry is carried out to it, voltage range is 2.7-3.8V, sweep speed is 1mV/s, test result is as Fig. 3, and this composite material shows a pair reversible redox peak at 3.41V and 3.29V, and this corresponds to V to peak
3+/ V
4+reversible electrochemical redox.Carry out charge-discharge test, voltage range is 2-4.2V simultaneously, and current density is 20mA/g, and test result is as Fig. 4, and this composite material exhibits goes out a smooth charge and discharge platform, and this corresponds to V to platform
3+/ V
4+reversible electrochemical redox.Within the scope of 2-3.9V, first all discharge capacities at 116mAh/g, close to its theoretical specific capacity (117mAh/g).
Embodiment 3
With sodium dihydrogen phosphate, vanadic oxide, oxalic acid, citric acid for raw material, wherein, the mol ratio of sodium, vanadium, phosphorus is 3:2:3, oxalic acid and vanadic oxide in the mol ratio of vanadium for 3:1, citric acid and vanadic oxide in the mol ratio of vanadium for 1:1, by raw material machinery ball milling 12 hours, obtain predecessor.Predecessor is proceeded to tube furnace, is warming up to 600 DEG C in nitrogen atmosphere, constant temperature 20 hours, obtains Na
3v
2(PO
4)
3/ C material.
According to Na
3v
2(PO
4)
3/ C, acetylene black, PVDF mass ratio are that 70:20:10 is prepared into electrode, are to electrode with sodium metal, 1mol/LNaClO
4pC is electrolyte, and barrier film is cellgard2035, is assembled into battery and carries out charge-discharge magnification test to it in glove box, and voltage range is 2-4V, and current density is 20,50,100,200,500,1000 and 2000mA/g, and test result is as Fig. 5.The high rate performance that the display of this material is excellent, under the current density of 2000mA/g, still can release the specific capacity of 49mAh/g.
Claims (5)
1. a sodium-ion battery positive material Na
3v
2(PO
4)
3the preparation method of/C, is characterized in that: step is as follows:
(1) with high price vanadium source compound, sodium source compound, P source compound and reducing agent for raw material, be 3:2:3 by the mol ratio of sodium, vanadium, P elements, the mol ratio 3:1-15:1 of reducing agent and high price vanadium source compound, weigh reaction raw materials, machinery ball milling 2-20 hour, to be reduced into Low Valent Vanadium by high price vanadium at normal temperatures;
(2) predecessor that ball milling in step (1) obtains is proceeded in inert atmosphere or reducing atmosphere, at 600-900 DEG C of insulation 4-20 hour, namely obtain vanadium phosphate sodium material.
2. the preparation method of sodium-ion battery positive material vanadium phosphate sodium as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described high price vanadium source compound is one or more in ammonium metavanadate, vanadic oxide, vanadium dioxide, sodium vanadate, sodium metavanadate.
3. the preparation method of sodium-ion battery positive material vanadium phosphate sodium as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described phosphorus source is one or more in sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium phosphate, phosphoric acid, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, triammonium phosphate.
4. the preparation method of sodium-ion battery positive material vanadium phosphate sodium as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described sodium source is one or more in sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium phosphate, sodium carbonate, sodium nitrate, sodium oxalate, sodium acetate, sodium sulphate, NaOH, sodium formate, natrium citricum.
5. the preparation method of sodium-ion battery positive material vanadium phosphate sodium as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described reducing agent is one or more in oxalic acid, ascorbic acid, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, hutanal, lactic acid, citric acid, malic acid, ethanedioic acid, adipic acid.
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Cited By (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105552328A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-04 | 华中科技大学 | Sodium vanadium phosphate sodium ion battery positive electrode material and preparation method therefor |
CN105914352A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-31 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A preparing method of a sodium ion battery cathode material Na3V2(PO4)3/C |
CN105932277A (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2016-09-07 | 马鞍山宇驰新能源材料有限公司 | Preparation method of three-dimensional porous vanadium phosphate sodium / carbon anode material |
CN106025226A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-10-12 | 中国科学技术大学 | Cathode material for sodium-ion battery, preparation method of cathode material and sodium-ion battery |
CN106784669A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-05-31 | 三峡大学 | A kind of conductive polymer polyanilinc modified phosphate vanadium sodium positive electrode and preparation method thereof |
CN107706392A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-02-16 | 常州大学 | A kind of carbon nitrogen coats the preparation method of vanadium phosphate sodium sodium-ion battery positive material altogether |
CN108172831A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-06-15 | 中南大学 | One type graphene carbon cladding vanadium phosphate sodium material and preparation method thereof and the application as sodium-ion battery positive material |
CN108417815A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-08-17 | 浙江大学 | A kind of carbon-coated vanadium phosphate sodium three-dimensional meso-hole nano material and preparation method and application |
CN109841801A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-06-04 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A kind of carbon coating NaxRyM2(PO4)3Material and its preparation and application |
CN109841802A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-06-04 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A kind of carbon coating Na3V2(PO4)2F3Compound and its preparation and application |
CN109950536A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-06-28 | 苏州大学 | A method of preparing vanadium phosphate sodium nanofiber positive electrode |
CN110350198A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-10-18 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | A kind of preparation method of sodium phosphate surface modification sodium-ion battery positive material |
CN111600021A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-08-28 | 山东大学 | Application method of hard carbon negative electrode material in sodium ion battery |
KR20200138198A (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2020-12-09 | 인터내셔날 애드밴스드 리서치 센터 폴 파우더 메탈러지 앤드 뉴 머테리얼스 (에이알씨아이) | Microwave assisted sol-gel method for manufacturing in-situ carbon-coated electrode material and product thereof |
CN112106246A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2020-12-18 | 国家科学研究中心 | Novel sodium-based material and use thereof as positive electrode material or sodium-ion battery |
CN112185710A (en) * | 2020-01-23 | 2021-01-05 | 渤海大学 | Na of sodium ion capacitor batteryxMnyAlzO2@Na3V2(PO4)3Composite electrode material and application |
CN112701282A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-23 | 武汉大学 | Large-radius ion-doped modified sodium vanadium fluorophosphate cathode material and preparation method thereof |
CN114551867A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-05-27 | 福州大学 | Vanadium phosphate sodium composite positive electrode material capable of realizing quick charging, preparation method and application |
CN114597382A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-06-07 | 烟台大学 | Zn3V4-xMx(PO4)6Application of positive active material as zinc ion battery |
CN115050957A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-09-13 | 深圳珈钠能源科技有限公司 | Sodium-ion battery positive electrode material, preparation method thereof and sodium-ion battery |
CN116995293A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-11-03 | 三一红象电池有限公司 | Sodium ion battery and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (27)
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CN105552328A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-04 | 华中科技大学 | Sodium vanadium phosphate sodium ion battery positive electrode material and preparation method therefor |
CN105932277A (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2016-09-07 | 马鞍山宇驰新能源材料有限公司 | Preparation method of three-dimensional porous vanadium phosphate sodium / carbon anode material |
CN105914352A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-31 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A preparing method of a sodium ion battery cathode material Na3V2(PO4)3/C |
CN105914352B (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2019-03-12 | 上海紫剑化工科技有限公司 | A kind of sodium-ion battery positive material Na3V2(PO4)3The preparation method of/C |
CN106025226A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-10-12 | 中国科学技术大学 | Cathode material for sodium-ion battery, preparation method of cathode material and sodium-ion battery |
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CN106784669A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-05-31 | 三峡大学 | A kind of conductive polymer polyanilinc modified phosphate vanadium sodium positive electrode and preparation method thereof |
CN107706392A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-02-16 | 常州大学 | A kind of carbon nitrogen coats the preparation method of vanadium phosphate sodium sodium-ion battery positive material altogether |
CN107706392B (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2021-07-27 | 常州大学 | Preparation method of carbon-nitrogen co-coated sodium vanadium phosphate sodium ion battery positive electrode material |
CN109841801A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-06-04 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A kind of carbon coating NaxRyM2(PO4)3Material and its preparation and application |
CN109841802A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-06-04 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A kind of carbon coating Na3V2(PO4)2F3Compound and its preparation and application |
CN109950536A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-06-28 | 苏州大学 | A method of preparing vanadium phosphate sodium nanofiber positive electrode |
CN108172831A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-06-15 | 中南大学 | One type graphene carbon cladding vanadium phosphate sodium material and preparation method thereof and the application as sodium-ion battery positive material |
CN108417815A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-08-17 | 浙江大学 | A kind of carbon-coated vanadium phosphate sodium three-dimensional meso-hole nano material and preparation method and application |
CN112106246A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2020-12-18 | 国家科学研究中心 | Novel sodium-based material and use thereof as positive electrode material or sodium-ion battery |
KR20200138198A (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2020-12-09 | 인터내셔날 애드밴스드 리서치 센터 폴 파우더 메탈러지 앤드 뉴 머테리얼스 (에이알씨아이) | Microwave assisted sol-gel method for manufacturing in-situ carbon-coated electrode material and product thereof |
CN110350198A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-10-18 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | A kind of preparation method of sodium phosphate surface modification sodium-ion battery positive material |
CN112185710A (en) * | 2020-01-23 | 2021-01-05 | 渤海大学 | Na of sodium ion capacitor batteryxMnyAlzO2@Na3V2(PO4)3Composite electrode material and application |
CN111600021A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-08-28 | 山东大学 | Application method of hard carbon negative electrode material in sodium ion battery |
CN112701282A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-23 | 武汉大学 | Large-radius ion-doped modified sodium vanadium fluorophosphate cathode material and preparation method thereof |
CN114551867A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-05-27 | 福州大学 | Vanadium phosphate sodium composite positive electrode material capable of realizing quick charging, preparation method and application |
CN114551867B (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2024-04-16 | 福州大学 | Vanadium sodium phosphate composite positive electrode material capable of realizing quick charge, preparation method and application |
CN114597382A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-06-07 | 烟台大学 | Zn3V4-xMx(PO4)6Application of positive active material as zinc ion battery |
CN115050957A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-09-13 | 深圳珈钠能源科技有限公司 | Sodium-ion battery positive electrode material, preparation method thereof and sodium-ion battery |
CN115050957B (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2024-01-26 | 深圳珈钠能源科技有限公司 | Sodium ion battery positive electrode material, preparation method thereof and sodium ion battery |
CN116995293A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-11-03 | 三一红象电池有限公司 | Sodium ion battery and preparation method thereof |
CN116995293B (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-12-01 | 三一红象电池有限公司 | Sodium ion battery and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20151209 |