CN105136989A - Closed cycle tritium concentration monitoring system - Google Patents
Closed cycle tritium concentration monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105136989A CN105136989A CN201510500762.2A CN201510500762A CN105136989A CN 105136989 A CN105136989 A CN 105136989A CN 201510500762 A CN201510500762 A CN 201510500762A CN 105136989 A CN105136989 A CN 105136989A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a closed cycle tritium concentration monitoring system including a to-be- tested gas intake gas path; a to-be- tested gas measurement circuit; an oxidizing gas path, a gas-water separation gas path; a purge gas intake gas path and a purge gas measurement gas path; the to-be- tested gas measurement circuit comprises a first temperature, humidity and pressure measuring device, a first tritium concentration measuring apparatus, a valve and a first circulating pump which are successively connected in series, the first temperature, humidity and pressure measuring device and the first circulating pump are connected with the output end of the to-be- tested gas intake gas path; the oxidizing gas path includes an oxidation furnace in parallel connection with the valve; a gas-water separation main branch path of the gas-water separation gas path is in parallel connection with the oxidizing gas path; the purge gas measurement gas path includes a circulating pump and a second tritium concentration measuring apparatus, one end of the circulation pump is connected between the purge gas intake gas path and a gas-water separation purge branch path, and the other end of the circulation pump is connected with the output end of the gas-water separation purge branch path by the second tritium concentration measuring apparatus. The closed cycle tritium concentration monitoring system can achieve accurate measurement of the total tritium concentration of a to-be- tested gas, and respective measurement of the concentration of tritiated water and reduction state tritium, and meanwhile reduces the amount of a sample gas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of monitoring system, particularly relate to a kind of closed cycle tritium concentration monitoring system.
Background technology
Tritium is that one sends Beta-ray radioactive nuclide, and this nucleic has the advantages that the half life period is short, ray energy is low.If people are only subject to its external exposure, because β ray range is short, then easily shield; If but after this nucleic sucked by human body, very easily cause internal radiation, β ray energy all will be deposited on human body, thus damages human body.In various types of nuclear power station, all can produce tritium, especially heavy water reactor and MSR can produce a large amount of tritium especially.Tritium in these reactors exists mainly with the chemical form of tritiated water (HTO) and reduction-state tritium (comprising HT, CH3T).If wherein tritiated water is sucked by human body and extremely difficult gets rid of external, serious internal radiation can be brought to human body.Therefore, the monitoring of tritium in nuclear power station is an important problem.
Summary of the invention
For the problems of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of closed cycle tritium concentration monitoring system, the Measurement accuracy of total tritium concentration in gas to be measured can be realized, and realize the concentration measuring tritiated water and reduction-state tritium respectively, simultaneously, sample gas amount can be reduced, reduce the purge gas consumption used when tritiated water is separated, and then reduce the discharge capacity of radgas.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of closed cycle tritium concentration monitoring system, for monitoring the total concentration of tritium in gas to be measured and tritiated water and reduction-state tritium concentration separately, comprising:
One gas inlet gas circuit to be measured;
One gasmetry loop to be measured, it comprises one first temperature humidity device for pressure measurement, one first tritium concentration measurement mechanism, a valve and one first ebullator of connecting successively, and described first temperature humidity device for pressure measurement and described first ebullator are connected to the output terminal of described gas inlet gas circuit to be measured;
One oxidation gas circuit, it comprises the oxidation furnace with described valve in parallel;
One gas-water separation gas circuit, it comprises an air water with the main branch road of gas-water separation and gas-water separation purging branch road and separates device, and the main branch road of described gas-water separation is in parallel with described oxidation gas circuit;
One purge gas air inlet gas circuit, it is connected to the input end that described gas-water separation purges branch road; And
One purge gas measures gas circuit, it comprises an ebullator and one second tritium concentration measurement mechanism, one end of described ebullator is connected to described purge gas air inlet gas circuit and described gas-water separation purges between branch road, and the other end is connected to by described second tritium concentration measurement mechanism the output terminal that described gas-water separation purges branch road.
Further, described gas inlet gas circuit to be measured comprises an air intake pump, a first flow controller and the filtrator between the gas container to be measured and described gasmetry loop to be measured that are connected on gas to be measured described in a splendid attire successively.
Further, described purge gas air inlet gas circuit comprises the second amount controller be connected between one first purge gas container and described purge gas measuring circuit.
Preferably, described gasmetry loop to be measured also comprises one and is connected to the first surge flask between described gas inlet gas circuit to be measured and described first temperature humidity device for pressure measurement.
Preferably, described gasmetry loop to be measured also comprises one and is connected to described purge gas air inlet gas circuit and described gas-water separation and purges the second surge flask between branch road.
Preferably, this system also comprises a hydrogenation gas circuit, and it comprises one the 3rd flow controller and the hydrogen bearing alloy be connected on successively between one second purge gas container and described gasmetry loop to be measured.
Further, this system also comprises a humidification gas circuit, and it comprises one the 4th flow controller, a pure water humidifier and the one second temperature humidity device for pressure measurement that are connected on successively between described second purge gas container and described gasmetry loop to be measured.
Further, described pure water humidifier is bubbler.
Further, this system also comprises a gas exhaust gas circuit to be measured, and it comprises the first tritiated water absorber that is connected to described gasmetry loop to be measured.
Preferably, this system also comprises a purge gas exhaust gas circuit, and it comprises the second tritiated water absorber that is connected to described purge gas measuring circuit.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
(1) by the closed cycle loop design in gasmetry loop to be measured, gas to be measured can be made full and uniform in gas circuit, and then improve Tritium measure accuracy;
(2) separation of polymorphic tritium can be realized by moisture trap and Catalytic oxidation furnace;
(3) designed by the closed circuit of purge gas measurement gas circuit and moisture trap, the drying efficiency of moisture trap can be improved, improve accuracy of measurement, reduce purge gas gas consumption simultaneously, reduce radgas discharge capacity;
(4) use tritiated water remaining in the adsorbed gas of tritiated water absorber, radgas discharge can be reduced;
(5) pure water humidifier adopts the bubbler of steady temperature to form, and achieves the accurate humidification in loop;
(6) regulated the concentration of hydrogen in gas to be measured by hydrogen bearing alloy release hydrogen, the efficiency of oxidation furnace catalytic reduction state tritium can be improved.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By reading the detailed description done non-limiting example with reference to the following drawings, other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more obvious:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of closed cycle tritium concentration monitoring system of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following examples will contribute to those skilled in the art and understand the present invention further, but not limit the present invention in any form.It should be pointed out that to those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some distortion and improvement can also be made.These all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention, namely, as shown in Figure 1, it mainly comprises a gas inlet gas circuit to be measured, a gasmetry loop to be measured, oxidation gas circuit, a gas-water separation gas circuit, a purge gas air inlet gas circuit and a purge gas measurement gas circuit to a kind of closed cycle tritium concentration monitoring system.
The concrete structure of each gas circuit is introduced in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 1:
Gas inlet gas circuit to be measured comprises air intake pump 2, first flow controller 31 and the filtrator 4 between gas container to be measured 1 and gasmetry loop to be measured being connected on splendid attire gas to be measured successively.
Gasmetry loop to be measured comprises the first surge flask 51,1 first temperature humidity device for pressure measurement 61,1 first tritium concentration measurement mechanism 71 (being ionization chamber in the present invention), valve 8 and one first ebullator 91 for making gas uniform mix of connecting successively.Wherein, the first surge flask 51 and the first ebullator 91 are connected to filtrator 4.
Oxidation gas circuit comprises the oxidation furnace 10 in parallel with valve 8.
Gas-water separation gas circuit comprises an air water with the main branch road of gas-water separation and gas-water separation purging branch road and separates device 11, and the main branch road of gas-water separation is in parallel with oxidation furnace 10.In the present embodiment, moisture trap adopts some kapillaries that is bundled, that formed by perfluoro sulfonic acid membrane to realize, and it has the high efficiency selected permeability to hydrone.Wherein, the passage that capillary tube inner wall is formed is the main branch road of gas-water separation, is formed and purge branch road outside kapillary after passing into purge gas.After gas to be measured enters the main branch road of gas-water separation, because sulfonic acid basement membrane has extremely strong attractive force to hydrone (tritiate is hydrone form), thus form the transfering channel of hydrone to dry sidewall, finally taken away by the purge gas purged in branch road, thus realize being separated of HTO and other gas.
Purge gas air inlet gas circuit comprises and is connected to one and is loaded with purge gas (such as dry argon gas, air etc.) the first purge gas container 121 and purge gas and measures second amount controller 32 between gas circuit.
Purge gas is measured gas circuit and is comprised one second surge flask 52,1 second ebullator 92 and the one second tritium concentration measurement mechanism 72 (being ionization chamber in the present invention) of connecting successively, wherein, one end that second surge flask 52 is connected with the second ebullator 92 is connected to two flow controllers 32, and its other end is connected to the input end of the gas-water separation purging branch road of moisture trap 11; One end away from the second ebullator 92 of second tritium concentration measurement mechanism 72 is connected to the output terminal of the gas-water separation purging branch road of moisture trap 11, thus forms purge gas measuring circuit.
Due to when being oxidized the reduction-state tritium in gas to be measured, hydrogen content being risen to more than 1% can improve oxidation effectiveness; When carrying out gas-water separation, making gas humidity reach more than 5% and can realize better gas-water separation effect, therefore, the present invention has also set up a hydrogenation gas circuit and a humidification gas circuit.Wherein, hydrogenation gas circuit comprises one the 3rd flow controller 33 and the hydrogen bearing alloy 13 be connected on successively between one second purge gas container 122 and gasmetry loop to be measured; Humidification gas circuit comprises and is connected on one the 4th flow controller 34, pure water humidifier 14 (as bubbler) between the second purge gas container 122 and gasmetry loop to be measured and one second temperature humidity device for pressure measurement 62 successively.
In addition, the present invention also comprises a gas exhaust gas circuit to be measured and purge gas exhaust gas circuit, wherein, gas exhaust gas circuit to be measured comprises the first tritiated water absorber 151 that is connected to gasmetry loop to be measured, and purge gas exhaust gas circuit comprises one and is connected to the second tritiated water absorber 152 that purge gas measures gas circuit.
The principle of work of closed cycle tritium concentration monitoring system of the present invention is as follows:
Before once running, keep all gas circuits unobstructed, open air intake pump 2 and two ebullators 91,92, and first flow controller 31 is opened to maximum, use air to clean the residual radioactivity gas in whole loop; Close all gas circuits, ebullator and air intake pump afterwards.
When once running, first, regulate each flow controller to the flow of setting; Open gas inlet gas circuit to be measured, keep oxidation gas circuit, gas-water separation gas circuit, hydrogenation gas circuit and humidification gas circuit to close; Gas inlet gas circuit to be measured is closed after obtaining gas enough to be measured; Then, open the first ebullator 91, make gas to be measured a period of time of circulating in gasmetry loop to be measured reach stable, the total tritium concentration using the first tritium concentration measurement mechanism 71 to measure it to be made up of reduction-state tritium and tritiated water; Valve-off 8, is connected into gasmetry loop to be measured by gas-water separation gas circuit; And as required humidification gas circuit is connected into gasmetry loop to be measured, think the gas humidification in this loop; The first temperature humidity device for pressure measurement 61 is used to monitor temperature, humidity, pressure parameter in gasmetry loop to be measured; Then, regulate second amount controller 32 to setting value, for purge gas measuring circuit increases purge gas; After purging gas circuit reaches certain pressure, close second amount controller 32, open the second ebullator, purge gas is circulated in purge gas measuring circuit, thus takes away the tritiated water in gas to be measured; When whole system runs a period of time, after tritiated water fully mixes with purge gas, close the second ebullator; Then, use the second tritium concentration measurement mechanism to measure tritium concentration in purge gas measuring circuit, use the second temperature humidity device for pressure measurement 62 to monitor gas parameter in purge gas measuring circuit.The concentration C of tritiated water in gas to be measured can be calculated by the volume of gasmetry loop to be measured and purge gas measuring circuit, temperature, humidity, pressure
hTO, Computing Principle is as follows:
Wherein, C
1represent the tritium concentration now measured by the second tritium concentration measurement mechanism, V
1represent the volume of purge gas measuring circuit, P
0represent the admission pressure of gas to be measured, V
0represent the charge volume of gas to be measured, T
0represent the intake air temperature of gas to be measured, P
1represent the pressure of gasmetry loop to be measured before air inlet, V
2represent the volume of gasmetry loop to be measured before air inlet, T
1represent the temperature of gasmetry loop to be measured before air inlet, P
2represent the pressure of gasmetry loop to be measured before air inlet, T
2represent the temperature of gasmetry loop to be measured before air inlet, η represents the efficiency of moisture trap.
After obtaining the concentration of tritiated water in gas to be measured, moisture trap is broken from gasmetry loop to be measured, oxidation gas circuit and hydrogenation gas circuit are connected into gasmetry loop to be measured, and according to circumstances open hydrogen bearing alloy 13 and the 3rd flow controller 33 is opened to predetermined value closes after adding appropriate amount of hydrogen; Then, opening the first ebullator 91 and oxidation furnace 10, is tritiated water and water by the reduction-state tritium in gasmetry loop to be measured and oxidation of hydrogen; Then, break oxidation gas circuit and hydrogenation gas circuit from gasmetry loop to be measured, gas-water separation gas circuit and humidification gas circuit are connected into gas circulation loop to be measured; Work after a period of time gas circuit is stablized until the first ebullator 91 and open the second ebullator, again moisture trap is purged, thus take away the tritiated water in gas to be measured; After whole system work a period of time, use the tritium concentration in the second tritium concentration measurement mechanism measurement gas circuit, after the second tritium concentration measurement mechanism registration no longer changes, the recruitment of measured tritium all derives from reduction-state tritium original in main gas circuit, thus obtains the concentration C of reduction-state tritium in gas to be measured
hT/CH3T, Computing Principle is as follows:
After an end of run, open all gas circuits, ebullator and flow controller, whole loop is purged.Certainly, can be realized by software control the control of parts each in gas circuit.
Should be appreciated that, need before system cloud gray model to calculate gas volume in pipeline in detail, during experiment, need the various gaseous masses in humiture and pressure condition in the pipeline under detailed record steady state (SS) and record feed line.
Above specific embodiments of the invention are described.It is to be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various distortion or amendment within the scope of the claims, and this does not affect flesh and blood of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a closed cycle tritium concentration monitoring system, for monitoring the total concentration of tritium in gas to be measured and tritiated water and reduction-state tritium concentration separately, is characterized in that, comprise:
One gas inlet gas circuit to be measured;
One gasmetry loop to be measured, it comprises one first temperature humidity device for pressure measurement, one first tritium concentration measurement mechanism, a valve and one first ebullator of connecting successively, and described first temperature humidity device for pressure measurement and described first ebullator are connected to the output terminal of described gas inlet gas circuit to be measured;
One oxidation gas circuit, it comprises the oxidation furnace with described valve in parallel;
One gas-water separation gas circuit, it comprises an air water with the main branch road of gas-water separation and gas-water separation purging branch road and separates device, and the main branch road of described gas-water separation is in parallel with described oxidation gas circuit;
One purge gas air inlet gas circuit, it is connected to the input end that described gas-water separation purges branch road; And
One purge gas measures gas circuit, it comprises an ebullator and one second tritium concentration measurement mechanism, one end of described ebullator is connected to described purge gas air inlet gas circuit and described gas-water separation purges between branch road, and the other end is connected to by described second tritium concentration measurement mechanism the output terminal that described gas-water separation purges branch road.
2. closed cycle tritium concentration monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described gas inlet gas circuit to be measured comprises an air intake pump, a first flow controller and the filtrator between the gas container to be measured and described gasmetry loop to be measured that are connected on gas to be measured described in a splendid attire successively.
3. closed cycle tritium concentration monitoring system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described purge gas air inlet gas circuit comprises the second amount controller be connected between one first purge gas container and described purge gas measuring circuit.
4. closed cycle tritium concentration monitoring system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described gasmetry loop to be measured also comprises one and is connected to the first surge flask between described gas inlet gas circuit to be measured and described first temperature humidity device for pressure measurement.
5. closed cycle tritium concentration monitoring system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described gasmetry loop to be measured also comprises one and is connected to described purge gas air inlet gas circuit and described gas-water separation and purges the second surge flask between branch road.
6. closed cycle tritium concentration monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this system also comprises a hydrogenation gas circuit, and it comprises one the 3rd flow controller and the hydrogen bearing alloy be connected on successively between one second purge gas container and described gasmetry loop to be measured.
7. closed cycle tritium concentration monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this system also comprises a humidification gas circuit, and it comprises one the 4th flow controller, a pure water humidifier and the one second temperature humidity device for pressure measurement that are connected on successively between described second purge gas container and described gasmetry loop to be measured.
8. closed cycle tritium concentration monitoring system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described pure water humidifier is bubbler.
9. closed cycle tritium concentration monitoring system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this system also comprises a gas exhaust gas circuit to be measured, and it comprises the first tritiated water absorber that is connected to described gasmetry loop to be measured.
10. closed cycle tritium concentration monitoring system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this system also comprises a purge gas exhaust gas circuit, and it comprises the second tritiated water absorber that is connected to described purge gas measuring circuit.
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| CN105976871A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-09-28 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | Method for processing products of fusion-fission hybrid reactor fusion target chamber |
| CN106297932A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-04 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | A kind of tritium-containing liquid waste processing system and processing method |
| CN106680864A (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2017-05-17 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Tritium gas flow generator system with constant concentration and method thereof |
| CN108982643A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-12-11 | 拓世氢源（深圳）科技有限公司 | A kind of the tritium on-line monitoring system and its monitoring method of closed cycle |
| CN109036610A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-18 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | A kind of removal device and minimizing technology for polymorphic tritium in molten salt reactor tail gas |
| CN110752045A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-02-04 | 西安交通大学 | Purging system and method for volume control box of nuclear power station |
| CN111366692A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-03 | 北方工业大学 | Gas environment parameter monitoring system and method |
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| CN105976871A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-09-28 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | Method for processing products of fusion-fission hybrid reactor fusion target chamber |
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| CN109036610A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-18 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | A kind of removal device and minimizing technology for polymorphic tritium in molten salt reactor tail gas |
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| CN110752045A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-02-04 | 西安交通大学 | Purging system and method for volume control box of nuclear power station |
| CN111366692A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-03 | 北方工业大学 | Gas environment parameter monitoring system and method |
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