CN105134452B - Igniter and method under a kind of breakdown mode using double mode laser target portion - Google Patents
Igniter and method under a kind of breakdown mode using double mode laser target portion Download PDFInfo
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- CN105134452B CN105134452B CN201510520760.XA CN201510520760A CN105134452B CN 105134452 B CN105134452 B CN 105134452B CN 201510520760 A CN201510520760 A CN 201510520760A CN 105134452 B CN105134452 B CN 105134452B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of using continuous, the double mode laser of pulse, produces plasma spark with target portion breakdown mode, so as to the device and method lighted a fire.Wherein, device mainly possesses pulse laser emission end, continuous laser transmitting terminal, fuel injection device, target portion, combustor, cylinder cover, piston etc., and burning interior is not stretched at Laser emission end.According to the present invention using the igniter and method under continuous, the double mode laser target portion breakdown mode of pulse, all the time can reliably produce the plasma spark fuel air mixture indoor to burning to light a fire, and speed of ignition can be effectively improved, reduce igniting adjustment difficulty, increase igniting reliability, increase burning area, improve efficiency of combustion, save fuel.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of laser-ignition unit and method, more particularly to a kind of using continuous, the double mode laser of pulse,
Plasma spark is produced with target portion breakdown mode, so as to the device and method lighted a fire.
Background technology
Laser-ignition unit is a kind of device for engine interior igniting, relates generally to two kinds of sparking mode, i.e. target
Portion's perforation ignition mode and gas breakdown sparking mode.Wherein, the operation principle of target portion perforation ignition mode is to make peak value work(
The pulse laser of rate is input on the solid target being arranged in engine combustion room, when laser power density exceedes hitting for solid target
When wearing threshold value, plasma spark can be produced, fuel-air is mixed by plasma spark by the sparking mode similar with traditional electric spark
Compound is lighted rapidly.As the device for improving engine efficiency, using the laser fuel air mixture igniting indoor to burning
Laser-ignition unit get most of the attention.Traditional spark ignition is compared, target portion is punctured formula laser ignition and existed with its main distinction
In：First, laser ignition spark is located at the depths of combustor, and then possesses, and improves the burning speed of fuel
Degree and efficiency；Traditional spark ignition, fuel air mixture are directly ignited near chamber wall, and ignition range is little,
Combustion front is narrower, and burning velocity is restricted with efficiency.Second, solid target compares traditional spark plug, its indoor height that burnt
Temperature is less with the impact of fuel.Meanwhile, Laser emission end is contactless igniting to target portion.Therefore, laser-ignition unit is compared
Tradition has longer service life using the device that electric plug is lighted a fire.3rd, it is recycled to from one of electromotor work another
The geometry that fuel is sprayed between one circulation can change with the scope of fuel air mixture, for traditional electric spark
For igniting, ignition conditions can be caused to change, it is unreliable to light a fire, but for target portion punctures formula laser ignition, without bright
Development rings.
Although target portion punctures formula laser ignition compares traditional spark ignition with bigger advantage, existing laser
Ignition schemes and device have various problems.It is in particular in：First, need the focus high accuracy of laser in ignition process
Be positioned at solid target, can not otherwise produce plasma spark and come to fuel ignition.Second, need swashing for high peak power
Light pulse, easily makes input optical element operationally be affected due to high laser power.For multi-pulse laser beam is superimposed
Situation about being lighted a fire on one point, the adjustment of position of intersecting point are larger with temporal cascade difficulty.3rd, it is input into and point in fuel
Between fire, it is impossible to promote fuel and air more fully to mix, increase contact area, improve efficiency of combustion.
The content of the invention
Puncture the problems of formula laser-ignition unit and method for existing target portion, the invention provides a kind of effective
Solution.By adopting continuous, the double mode laser-ignition unit of pulse and method, solve the above problems.
The present invention provides a kind of using the continuous, device and method of the double mode laser target portion breakdown mode down-firing of pulse.
The invention mainly includes being lighted a fire to electromotor using continuous, the double mode laser of pulse.First, using even
Continuous laser is preheated to target portion, while great thermograde is produced in fuel air mixture, causes mixture to occur
Convection current, and then being sufficiently mixed for fuel-air is realized, increase contact area.Secondly, realize hitting target portion using pulse laser
Wear, produce plasma spark, realize the igniting of electromotor.Due to preheating and the promotion fuel-air immixture of continuous laser,
Therefore：First, the power requirement of pulse laser is declined, it is possible to use the lasing light emitter of high light beam quality but power limited；The
Two, the power of pulse laser is reduced, and the impact to optical element is reduced, and contributes to more reliable completing ignition operation；3rd, combustion
Material is sufficiently mixed the increase for contributing to burning area, the raising of fuel economy with air.
The present invention provides a kind of using the continuous, device of the double mode laser target portion breakdown mode down-firing of pulse, and it is main
Possess pulse laser emission end, continuous laser transmitting terminal, fuel injection device, target portion, combustor, cylinder cover, piston etc..Pulse
Laser emission end, continuous laser transmitting terminal, fuel injection device are integrated on the housing of cylinder cover.In Laser emission end
Portion, by the fore optics system in laser feeding engine combustion room by collimation focusing lens combination and combustor guide-in window
Constitute.Wherein, the lens combination can realize the adjustment of focal position of laser by control device；The guide-in window constitutes laser
Into last indoor optical element of burning, and burning interior is not stretched at Laser emission end.The core of this device exists
In introducing continuous laser transmitting terminal.The continuous laser launched by continuous laser transmitting terminal plays mixed to target portion and fuel-air
The effect of compound preheating.The power threshold of the pulse laser of generation plasma spark not only can be effectively reduced, shortens generation etc.
The ion fire time spent, convection current can be caused, promotes fuel so that great thermograde is produced inside fuel air mixture
Air is sufficiently mixed, and increases fuel-air contact area, more clean-burning purpose to reach.Further, effectively improve and start
Machine speed of ignition and efficiency of combustion.
Traditional spark plug can not be stretched into due to combustion chamber high temperature it is too deep, therefore can only be in fuel-air mixed zone
Light a fire on the edge of domain.And in laser-ignition unit, solid target is arranged on burning interior, and which compares traditional spark plug, receives
The indoor high temperature of burning is less with the impact of fuel.By lens control system will enter into the indoor pulse laser focusing of burning in
Near solid target, it is ensured that target clan enters in the strength range of pulse laser, produce plasma spark and lighted a fire.With traditional electricity fire
Spark plug ignition is compared on edge, is started until fuel-air Mixed Zone edge from ignition location, and flame travel substantially shortens,
Therefore faster, combustion range is bigger for igniting.Under the double mode laser ignition mode of continuous, pulse, its effect will be more notable, energy
It is enough more reliably to complete ignition operation.Further, since the effect of preheating so that output of the igniter to pulse laser
Require to decline, it is possible to use the more outstanding lasing light emitter of beam quality.For the laser beam of high light beam quality, its strength range phase
Than significantly improving under low beam quality condition.Therefore, it can the large range of intensity model for ensureing that target clan enters pulse laser
In enclosing, the adjustment difficulty that pulse laser high accuracy is focused on is reduced, the reliability of target portion perforation ignition is increased.Mentioned herein
Laser intensity scope is referred to, after laser beam line focus, its power density on propagation path exceedes the area of solid target breakdown threshold
Domain.
The igniter and method under continuous, the double mode laser target portion breakdown mode of pulse is adopted according to the present invention, all the time
The plasma spark fuel air mixture indoor to burning can reliably be produced to light a fire, and can be effectively improved a little
Spend at top speed, reduce igniting adjustment difficulty, increase igniting reliability, increase burning area, improve efficiency of combustion, save fuel.
Description of the drawings
To make purpose, technical scheme and the advantage of present invention enforcement clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
Accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is further described in more detail, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the partial structurtes generalized section of engine laser ignition device involved in the present invention.
In figure：1- pulse laser emissions end, 2- continuous laser transmitting terminals, 3- fuel injection devices, 4- targets portion, 5- burnings
Room, 6- cylinder covers, 7- pistons.
Specific embodiment：
Fig. 1 is the partial structurtes generalized section of engine laser ignition device involved in the present invention, to continuous, pulse
Double mode laser target portion punctures formula igniter and method is illustrated.
Laser-ignition unit possesses pulse laser emission end 1, continuous laser transmitting terminal 2, fuel injection device 3, target portion 4,
Combustor 5, cylinder cover 6, piston 7, and component known to other (not showing that in FIG).1 outgoing of pulse laser emission end
The pulse laser of the function of plasma spark is produced for puncturing target portion 4.2 outgoing of continuous laser transmitting terminal is for target portion 4
The continuous laser of the function of being preheated with fuel air mixture.For LASER Light Source, pulse laser emission end 1 uses
Be pulse laser emission source, such as using nanosecoud pulse laser, picosecond pulse laser etc.；Continuous laser transmitting terminal 2 makes
It is continuous laser emission source, such as using C02Continuous wave laser, Nd：YAG solid-state continuous wave lasers etc..
Pulse laser emission end 1, continuous laser transmitting terminal 2, fuel injection device 3 are integrated on the housing of cylinder cover 6.
Preferably, continuous laser transmitting terminal 2 is located on cylinder-bore axis with target portion 4 so that the continuous laser of the transmitting of continuous laser transmitting terminal 2
All the time irradiation can be carried out to target portion 4.Pulse laser emission end 1 is located at cylinder-bore axis both sides with fuel injection device 3.It is preferred that
Ground, the equal alignment targets portion of pulse laser emission end 1 and 3 respective axis of fuel injection device 4.Also, target portion 4 falls
Penetrate in the strength range of the pulse laser that end 1 sends.(launch including pulse laser emission end 1, continuous laser at Laser emission end
End is 2) internal, laser is sent into the fore optics system in engine combustion room and is led by collimation focusing lens combination and combustor
Enter window composition.Wherein, the lens combination is arranged in the light path of laser, with control laser optical path, and is imported via laser
Laser is imported the indoor function of burning by portion.By control device, it is possible to achieve the control of duplet lens system, make lens along
The side of laser optical path moves up, so as to adjust focal position and the strength range of laser.In addition, the guide-in window constitute it is sharp
Light enters last indoor optical element of burning, and burning interior is not stretched at Laser emission end.
Puncture in the electromotor of formula laser-ignition unit possessing target portion constituted as described above, provided using the present invention
It is a kind of that the method that target portion punctures formula igniting is carried out using continuous, the double mode laser of pulse, comprise the steps：
Step 1：Fuel Jing fuel injection devices 3 are ejected in engine chamber 5, are formed in 7 upper area of piston and are fired
Material air mixture.
Step 2：Fuel injection terminate with pulse laser igniting start between, continuous laser is by continuous laser transmitting terminal 2
Import in combustor 5, collimated focus lens system focuses on expected position, to target portion 4 and fuel air mixture
Preheated, effectively reduce the power threshold of the pulse laser of generation plasma spark, shorten the time for producing plasma spark；
Meanwhile, great thermograde is produced inside fuel air mixture, causes convection current, promote fuel-air to be sufficiently mixed.
Step 3：Pulse laser is imported in combustor 5 by pulse laser emission end 1, and collimated focus lens system is focused on
In the position expected.Pulse laser produces plasma spark with target portion breakdown mode, and then, to having been warmed up and being sufficiently mixed
Fuel air mixture lighted a fire.
Step 4, fuel are burnt quickly, efficiently, on a large scale, promote piston 7 to move along the central axis direction of combustor 5, make
Electromotor externally does work.
Step 5, piston 7 are moved in known manner in the cylinder, engine work.
A kind of using present invention offer carries out the method that target portion punctures formula igniting using continuous, the double mode laser of pulse,
Wherein continuous laser is imported in combustor 5 by continuous laser transmitting terminal 2, and collimated focus lens system focuses on what is expected
Position, preferably focuses in target portion 4 or near which.Continuous laser enters to fuel air mixture while preheating to target portion 4
Row preheating, effectively reduces the power threshold of the pulse laser of generation plasma spark, shortens the time for producing plasma spark；Together
When, larger thermograde is produced inside fuel air mixture, causes convection current, promote fuel-air to be sufficiently mixed.To reach
To increase fuel and air contact area, more clean-burning purpose, and then engine ignition speed is effectively improved with burning
Efficiency.
A kind of using present invention offer carries out the method that target portion punctures formula igniting using continuous, the double mode laser of pulse,
Wherein described step 3, pulse laser are not lighted a fire on the fuel edge that fuel injection device 3 sprays, but by collimation
Focus lens system will enter into pulse laser focusing in combustor 5 near target portion 4, and ensure that target portion 4 falls into pulse
In the strength range of laser.As target portion 4 is located inside combustor 5, therefore igniter can be made to have through whole fuel-air
The flame travel as short as possible of Mixed Zone, while the face burning under traditional electric spark is substituted with body combustion system.
A kind of using present invention offer carries out the method that target portion punctures formula igniting using continuous, the double mode laser of pulse,
Wherein described step 3, due to the pre- heat effect of continuous laser so that igniter declines to the power requirement of pulse laser,
And for laser instrument, low power requirements can make beam quality have bigger room for promotion.Therefore, it is possible to use light beam
The more outstanding pulsed laser source of quality.As the relatively high laser beam of beam quality under equal-wattage has bigger intensity model
Enclose, meanwhile, and due to the pre- heat effect of continuous wave laser, breakdown threshold is reduced, in a disguised form expand strength range again.Cause
This, can be fallen in the strength range of pulse laser with large range of guarantee target portion 4, reduce the difficulty that pulse laser high accuracy is focused on
Degree, increased the reliability of 4 perforation ignition of target portion.
Employing involved by present embodiment is continuous, the double mode laser of pulse, produces plasma fire with target portion breakdown mode
Flower, so as to the device and method lighted a fire, due to the effect of continuous laser, target portion 4 is preheated with fuel air mixture,
Temperature is raised, and the laser energy required for pulse laser emission end 1 is lighted a fire is reduced, and reduces laser brought into optical element damage
Probability, extends the life-span of laser-ignition unit；Tremendous temperatures gradient is produced inside fuel air mixture, causes right
Stream, is sufficiently mixed fuel-air, contact area is improved therewith；Using high light beam quality pulse laser, strength range is wider,
Reduce igniting adjustment difficulty, increase igniting reliability；Fuel combustion is more abundant, in hgher efficiency, provide further relative savings fuel.
It is below the specific embodiment of the invention.Using the laser under the target portion breakdown mode possessed involved by present embodiment
Igniter and method, confirm the effect of the laser-ignition unit involved by present embodiment.
Embodiment 1：
Using continuous conductor laser, wavelength 808nm, its output 45W laser are preheated to target portion and mixed gas.
Subsequently, target portion is punctured using 1064nm nanosecond lasers, produces plasma spark igniting, repetition rate 10Hz, simple venation
Punching can 200mJ.
Laser ignition action involved by present embodiment is completed by above-mentioned condition, methane is realized and is mixed with air
Thing is lighted.
Embodiment 2：
Using Nd：YAG all-solid state continuous lasers, wavelength 1064nm, its output 60W laser enter to target portion and mixed gas
Row preheating.Target portion is punctured using picosecond laser, wavelength 1064nm, repetition rate is 10kHz, single pulse energy is
0.5mJ。
Laser ignition action involved by present embodiment is completed by above-mentioned condition, methane is realized and is mixed with air
Thing is lighted.
More than, embodiments of the present invention are illustrated, but, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment.Example
Such as, continuous, the double mode laser of pulse involved in the present invention carry out the device and method that target portion punctures formula igniting, the company for being used
Continuous laser emitting source can include all types of continuous wave lasers；The pulse laser emission source for being used can include all classes
The pulse laser of type.
For the present invention provide it is a kind of using the continuous, device of the double mode laser target portion breakdown mode down-firing of pulse and
Method.Wherein do not limit pulse, the number of continuous laser transmitting terminal, can using multiple pulses, continuous laser transmitting terminal or
Multiple pulses, continuous laser light beam.
Particular embodiments described above, has been carried out to the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect further in detail
Describe bright, the be should be understood that specific embodiment that the foregoing is only the present invention in detail, be not limited to the present invention, it is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc., should be included in the guarantor of the present invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (7)
1. the igniter under a kind of breakdown mode using double mode laser target portion, including：
Pulse laser emission end (1), for emission pulse laser irradiation target portion producing plasma spark；
Continuous laser transmitting terminal (2), is preheated with fuel air mixture to target portion for launching continuous laser, and promotes combustion
Material air is sufficiently mixed；
Fuel injection device (3)；
Target portion (4)；
Combustor (5)；
Cylinder cover (6)；
Piston (7)；
Wherein pulse laser emission end (1), continuous laser transmitting terminal (2), fuel injection device (3) are integrated in cylinder cover (6)
Housing on, continuous laser transmitting terminal (2) and target portion (4) are on cylinder-bore axis so that continuous laser transmitting terminal (2) is launched
Continuous laser can carry out irradiation all the time to target portion (4), and target portion (4) fall the pulse sent in pulse laser emission end (1)
In the strength range of laser, Laser emission end is not stretched in combustor (5).
2. the igniter under the breakdown mode using double mode laser target portion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that arteries and veins
Impulse light transmitting terminal (1), continuous laser transmitting terminal (2) include collimation focusing lens combination and guide-in window, and lens combination can
To adjust the focal position of laser, guide-in window constitutes laser into last optical element in combustor (5), lens
System constitutes the fore optics system sent into laser in engine chamber (5) with guide-in window.
3. according to the igniter under the arbitrary described double mode laser target portion breakdown mode of employing of claim 1-2, its feature
It is that pulse laser emission end (1) is with fuel injection device (3) positioned at cylinder-bore axis both sides, pulse laser emission end (1) and combustion
Material injection apparatus (3) the equal alignment targets portion (4) of respective axis.
4. according to the igniter under the arbitrary described double mode laser target portion breakdown mode of employing of claim 1-2, wherein connecting
Continuous Laser emission end (2) uses continuous laser emission source for CO2 continuous wave lasers or Nd：YAG solid-state continuous wave lasers, arteries and veins
Impulse light transmitting terminal (1) uses pulse laser emission source for nanosecoud pulse laser or picosecond pulse laser.
5. a kind of employing is as claimed in claim 2 using the igniting side of the igniter under double mode laser target portion breakdown mode
Method, comprises the steps：
Step 1：Fuel Jing fuel injection devices (3) is ejected in engine chamber (5), is formed in piston (7) upper area
Fuel air mixture；
Step 2：Fuel injection terminate with pulse laser igniting start between, continuous laser is led by continuous laser transmitting terminal (2)
Enter in combustor (5), collimated focus lens system is focused in target portion (4) or near which, to target portion (4) and fuel-air
Mixture is preheated, while great thermograde is produced inside fuel air mixture, causes convection current, promotes fuel empty
Gas is sufficiently mixed；
Step 3：Pulse laser is imported in combustor (5) by pulse laser emission end (1), and collimated focus lens system is focused on
In the position expected, pulse laser produces plasma spark with target portion breakdown mode, and then, to having been warmed up and being sufficiently mixed
Fuel air mixture lighted a fire；
Step 4, fuel are burnt quickly, efficiently, on a large scale, promote piston (7) to move along the central axis direction of combustor (5), make
Electromotor externally does work；
Step 5, piston (7) are moved in the cylinder, engine work.
6. the ignition method of the igniter under the breakdown mode using double mode laser target portion according to claim 5, its
It is characterised by, in the step 3, pulse laser is not lighted a fire on the fuel edge that fuel injection device (3) sprays, but
Pulse laser focusing in combustor (5) will enter near target portion (4) by collimation focusing lens combination, and ensure target
Portion (4) is fallen in the strength range of pulse laser.
7. the ignition method of the igniter under the breakdown mode using double mode laser target portion according to claim 6, its
It is characterised by, which is using multiple pulses or continuous laser light beam.
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| CN109736993B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2021-01-05 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | 2-micron-waveband laser ignition device and ignition method |
| CN110823135B (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2021-09-07 | 中广核工程有限公司 | Vertical centering system and method for spent fuel transfer container and horizontal storage module |
| CN112901394B (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2022-09-20 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Ignition device and engine |
| CN113757721B (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2023-01-31 | 广州广钢气体能源股份有限公司 | Laser igniter, garbage incineration device and control method of garbage incineration device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH0868374A (en) * | 1994-08-29 | 1996-03-12 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Laser ignition device |
| JP3556783B2 (en) * | 1996-10-18 | 2004-08-25 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Combustion device for low cetane number engine |
| DE102005050435B4 (en) * | 2005-10-19 | 2011-04-14 | Man Diesel & Turbo Se | Gas engine and ignition device for a gas engine |
| AT506201B1 (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-09-15 | Ge Jenbacher Gmbh & Co Ohg | laser ignition device |
| CN101363391A (en) * | 2008-10-08 | 2009-02-11 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Laser-induced microparticle jetting ignition method |
| US8042510B2 (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2011-10-25 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Efficiency enhancement to a laser ignition system |
| JP2012219661A (en) * | 2011-04-05 | 2012-11-12 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology | Laser ignition device |
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