CN105130570A - Slow-release manure specially-used in peach tree and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses slow-release manure specially-used in peach trees and a preparation method thereof, wherein the manure is prepared from following raw materials, by weight, crop straw, concentrated phosphoric acid, ethanol, horse dung, poultry feces, sheep manure, earthworm soil, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, EM inoculants, potassium permanganate, a bonding agent and a proper amount of water. The preparation method includes a step of composting the feces, comprising cow dung, sheep manure and the like, and then preparing the peach tree manure from the composted feces as a main fertilizer. The slow-release manure satisfies requirement of organic fertilizers during growth of peach trees, is an excellent base fertilizer, is long-term effective and can reduce a large number of inorganic chemical fertilizers in later period.

Description

Slowly-releasing muck that a kind of peach is special and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the Technology field of fertilizer, be specifically related to special slowly-releasing muck of a kind of peach and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Stalk forms mainly Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen, total reducing sugar, protein, fat and mineral substance composition, and present stage mainly contains biogas utilization for the utilization of stalk, combust molding, bio-ethanol, biomass through pyrolysis, biofuel etc.;

Common xylogen pretreatment process asks magic, dilute sulfuric acid process, pretreatment with agueous Ammonia, Calx preconditioning, hot-water pretreatment, steam explosion and biologic pretreatment method etc., wherein, mechanical attrition method does not affect substantially on chemical constitution, but particle size can be effectively reduced and reduce lignocellulose degree of crystallinity and the polymerization degree, thus promoting the enzyme liberating of lignocellulose.Dilute sulphuric acid process is mainly through hydrolyzed hemicellulose, destroy the chemical bond between hemicellulose xylogen, reach and increase the long-pending effect of enzyme accessible surface, cellulosic mean polymerisation degree can also be reduced simultaneously, low-kappa number method to delignification and degree of crystallinity execution not obvious and easily produce fermentable inhibition, add the difficulty of subsequent disposal, in addition, olefin(e) acid is also one of its industrialized important factor of restriction to the replicability of pretreatment unit.The method of alkaline purification, as ammoniacal liquor immersion treatment, treatment condition are gentle, not easily produce inhibition, under certain condition can effective elimination xylogen, and are hydrolyzed with a small amount of hemicellulose, internal surface area increase.Steam explosion and ammonia blasting procedure destroy the hydrogen bond of Mierocrystalline cellulose inside while of being Mierocrystalline cellulose generation mechanical breaking, also effectively can remove hemicellulose and partial lignin and destroy lignin structure.Steam explosion has high input to equipment requirements higher device, constrains mass-producing application.The xylogen that biological rule mainly adopts white-rot fungi or lignin-degrading enzymes etc. to degrade in raw material, improve cellulosic enzymolysis efficiency, Biochemical method condition is the gentleest, and process is green, but pretreatment time is long, be also difficult at present compare favourably with chemical treatment method.

Summary of the invention

In order to improve the utilization ratio of fertilizer; reduce the loss of fertilizer, protection of the environment, the present invention adds a kind of added ingredients carbonizing stalk on the basis that common characteristic fertilizer is processed; all play critical effect to the release of fertilizer nutrient and soil protection, concrete operation method is as follows:

The slowly-releasing muck that a kind of peach is special, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: agricultural crop straw 65 ~ 80, strong phosphoric acid 70 ~ 90, ethanol 70 ~ 90, horsehit 50 ~ 60, poultry manure 20 ~ 35, sheep excrement 50 ~ 70, earthworm soil 20 ~ 30, potassium primary phosphate 8 ~ 12, EM microbial inoculum 3 ~ 4, potassium permanganate 5 ~ 8, binding agent 8 ~ 10 and appropriate water;

Described binding agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: vulkacit H 2 ~ 4, Viscotrol C 3 ~ 6, alumina powder 4 ~ 5, Soxylat A 25-7 12 ~ 16, wood powder 0.5 ~ 1, rosin powder 5 ~ 8, alcohol 12 ~ 15 and water 60; Rosin powder is added to contain in spirituous reactor by preparation method, add the water of total amount 1/3, be heated to 80 ~ 100 DEG C, then insulated and stirred 20 ~ 30min dissolves completely to rosin powder, then keep reactor condition constant, add Soxylat A 25-7, Viscotrol C and remaining water successively, treat to add vulkacit H, alumina powder and wood powder after aforementioned base materials is dissolved completely, insulated and stirred 30 ~ 40min, to uniform emulsion, is incubated for subsequent use.

A preparation method for the slowly-releasing muck that peach is special, is characterized in that, comprise following step:

(1) pulverize first preliminary for agricultural crop straw, then mix with the water of 3 ~ 4 times of its weight parts, soak water suction 5 ~ 8h, put into ball mill ball milling 30 ~ 40min to homogenate, squeeze excessive moisture with gauze parcel, then strong phosphoric acid is added, soak hydrolysis 4 ~ 4.5h at normal temperatures and pressures, after completing, filter out strong phosphoric acid, stir after adding alcohol solvent and disperse, finally centrifugal lower sediment, dries to obtain pulvis;

(2) binding agent is added in the pulvis described in (1), adds water in right amount and be modulated into pasty state, leave standstill 2 ~ 3h solidification, then be ground into the particle of particle diameter 2 ~ 3mm, put into charring furnace, in anaerobic, airtight charing 4 ~ 5h under 600 ~ 700 DEG C of conditions, crosses clear water rinsing 2 ~ 3 times after completing, dry for standby;

(3) mix horsehit, poultry manure and sheep excrement, spray the EM microbial inoculum diluted that adds water 10 times, pile up under air tight condition and carry out fermentation maturity in 15 ~ 20 days, add appropriate water after completing and be milled to pasty state;

(4) mix earthworm soil, potassium primary phosphate, potassium permanganate, (2) gained stalk particle and other remaining component, be added in the thickener described in (3), adjustment water content 20 ~ 25%, after stirring, spray granulating in pelletized form.

The present invention studies the characteristic of stubbornly resisting of lignocellulose, comprise physical property and chemical property to the impact of cellulose degraded saccharification, experimental result shows cellosolve-organic solvent combination pretreatment process, adopt strong phosphoric acid as cellosolve, ethanol is as organic solvent, at gentle 50 DEG C, lignocellulosic material is processed under condition of normal pressure, high-concentration phosphoric acid ﹥ 83% significantly destroys the degree of crystallinity of lignocellulose, then through follow-up alcohol solvent immersion treatment, complete separating lignin especially, water-soluble hemicellulose and hydrolysis sugar, obtain the cellulose components of unformed lignin particles composition and softening pureed, last centrifuging and taking lower sediment part can obtain purer xylogen, the percent hydrolysis of 80% can be reached within 4h.Cellosolve-the most significant advantage of organic solvent combination pretreatment process is the Tc destroying lignocellulose, obtains unformed substrate, and compared with ordinary method, the xylogen purity obtained is higher, and successful is easy to operate, nuisanceless.

Recognize that biomass carbonated main component source is the lignifying part of withered plant, can effectively extracting comparatively pure lignin portion by suitable xylogen and cellulosic de-isolation technique, recycling biological charring process by the charing of particulate state lignin particles for having certain adsorbing gac.

The lignin particles gone out due to particle separation is less, disperse too loose, after entering soil with fertilizer, effect easily with current penetrates into earth's surface deep layer, effect of an adsorption sustained-release cannot be provided for a long time, the emphasis that the present invention studies near the root system how allowing biomass charcoal particle rest on earth's surface and crop for a long time, we utilize granular stalk particle to carry out the time controling carbonized, make stalk particle not charing just use completely, fact proved that effect is outstanding, period makes stalk particle only carbonize the surface portion of particle, about 40 ~ 50%, then binding agent is utilized to bond the stalk particle do not carbonized completely, final powder is broken into target sizes, together fertilizer is prepared as the additive of fertilizer using intensive charing stalk particle entirety, not easily infiltrate into earth's surface deep layer, granular particles benefit is in raising soil aeration, sandyization soil layer, promote the respiration of crop root, charing simultaneously belongs to incomplete charing, the process that non-charred portion is degraded in time can provide abundant organic matter, for Crop.

Binding agent is the thermoplasticity water soluble resin that make use of Soxylat A 25-7 is bulk stock, first adding Viscotrol C emulsification disperses in the solution, Soxylat A 25-7 itself has the characteristic of tensio-active agent, so any surfactant need not be added, then add alumina powder successively improve the shaping skeleton of resin solution and strengthen the shaping wood powder that mechanical strength of resin is improved, adding of vulkacit H can accelerate the speed that resin solution cools after coagulation, the rosin added and wood powder belong to natural and organic ingredients, coordinate early stage and strengthen outside viscosity, the situation of part charing and loss by dissolution can be there is in the process that carbonizes after stalk particle of having bondd, residual loose rugged surface, advantageously in the adsorption of stalk particle.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention is by cow dung, the ight soil such as sheep excrement first become thoroughly decomposed, then peach fertilizer is used for as main fertilizer, meet the demand of peach growth to organic fertilizer, a kind of well base manure, permanently effective, the usage quantity of a large amount of later stage inorganic chemical fertilizer can be saved, and the peach of plantation is more healthy, available protecting soil, greatly extend the result time limit of peach, and the appropriate potassium element added can promote branch, healthy and strong limb, specially add a kind of stalk particle, obtained by the lignin structure composition of purifying stalk gained, remove cellulosic advantage to be, make the stalk surface after charing more rugged, specific surface area is larger, adsorption effect is also best.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

The slowly-releasing muck that a kind of peach is special, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part (Kg): agricultural crop straw 70, strong phosphoric acid 80, ethanol 70, horsehit 50, poultry manure 20, sheep excrement 70, earthworm soil 20, potassium primary phosphate 8, EM microbial inoculum 3, potassium permanganate 6, binding agent 8 and appropriate water;

Described binding agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: vulkacit H 2, Viscotrol C 4, alumina powder 4, Soxylat A 25-7 12, wood powder 0.5, rosin powder 5, alcohol 14 and water 60; Rosin powder is added to contain in spirituous reactor by preparation method, add the water of total amount 1/3, be heated to 80 ~ 100 DEG C, then insulated and stirred 20 ~ 30min dissolves completely to rosin powder, then keep reactor condition constant, add Soxylat A 25-7, Viscotrol C and remaining water successively, treat to add vulkacit H, alumina powder and wood powder after aforementioned base materials is dissolved completely, insulated and stirred 30 ~ 40min, to uniform emulsion, is incubated for subsequent use.

A preparation method for the slowly-releasing muck that peach is special, is characterized in that, comprise following step:

(1) pulverize first preliminary for agricultural crop straw, then mix with the water of 3 ~ 4 times of its weight parts, soak water suction 5 ~ 8h, put into ball mill ball milling 30 ~ 40min to homogenate, squeeze excessive moisture with gauze parcel, then strong phosphoric acid is added, soak hydrolysis 4 ~ 4.5h at normal temperatures and pressures, after completing, filter out strong phosphoric acid, stir after adding alcohol solvent and disperse, finally centrifugal lower sediment, dries to obtain pulvis;

(2) binding agent is added in the pulvis described in (1), adds water in right amount and be modulated into pasty state, leave standstill 2 ~ 3h solidification, then be ground into the particle of particle diameter 2 ~ 3mm, put into charring furnace, in anaerobic, airtight charing 4 ~ 5h under 600 ~ 700 DEG C of conditions, crosses clear water rinsing 2 ~ 3 times after completing, dry for standby;

(3) mix horsehit, poultry manure and sheep excrement, spray the EM microbial inoculum diluted that adds water 10 times, pile up under air tight condition and carry out fermentation maturity in 15 ~ 20 days, add appropriate water after completing and be milled to pasty state;

(4) mix earthworm soil, potassium primary phosphate, potassium permanganate, (2) gained stalk particle and other remaining component, be added in the thickener described in (3), adjustment water content 20 ~ 25%, after stirring, spray granulating in pelletized form.

Slowly-releasing muck special for a kind of peach of the present invention is used for the fertilizer of planting peach, select 5 mu of peach fields as experimental group, fertilizer of the present invention is used to be a kind of base manure used for planting peach, 5 mu of peach implantation methods routinely of control group, the control of other curing conditions and disease and pest is all identical, result shows the peach of experimental group, there is stronger vitality, plantation field is moistening all the time, residual steam, peach growing way is more good, reduces chemical fertilizer usage quantity, economic raising 20.9% of comparing.

Claims (2)

1. the slowly-releasing muck that a peach is special, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: agricultural crop straw 65 ~ 80, strong phosphoric acid 70 ~ 90, ethanol 70 ~ 90, horsehit 50 ~ 60, poultry manure 20 ~ 35, sheep excrement 50 ~ 70, earthworm soil 20 ~ 30, potassium primary phosphate 8 ~ 12, EM microbial inoculum 3 ~ 4, potassium permanganate 5 ~ 8, binding agent 8 ~ 10 and appropriate water;

Described binding agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: vulkacit H 2 ~ 4, Viscotrol C 3 ~ 6, alumina powder 4 ~ 5, Soxylat A 25-7 12 ~ 16, wood powder 0.5 ~ 1, rosin powder 5 ~ 8, alcohol 12 ~ 15 and water 60; Rosin powder is added to contain in spirituous reactor by preparation method, add the water of total amount 1/3, be heated to 80 ~ 100 DEG C, then insulated and stirred 20 ~ 30min dissolves completely to rosin powder, then keep reactor condition constant, add Soxylat A 25-7, Viscotrol C and remaining water successively, treat to add vulkacit H, alumina powder and wood powder after aforementioned base materials is dissolved completely, insulated and stirred 30 ~ 40min, to uniform emulsion, is incubated for subsequent use.

2. the preparation method of the slowly-releasing muck that a kind of peach is special according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise following step:

(1) pulverize first preliminary for agricultural crop straw, then mix with the water of 3 ~ 4 times of its weight parts, soak water suction 5 ~ 8h, put into ball mill ball milling 30 ~ 40min to homogenate, squeeze excessive moisture with gauze parcel, then strong phosphoric acid is added, soak hydrolysis 4 ~ 4.5h at normal temperatures and pressures, after completing, filter out strong phosphoric acid, stir after adding alcohol solvent and disperse, finally centrifugal lower sediment, dries to obtain pulvis;

(2) binding agent is added in the pulvis described in (1), adds water in right amount and be modulated into pasty state, leave standstill 2 ~ 3h solidification, then be ground into the particle of particle diameter 2 ~ 3mm, put into charring furnace, in anaerobic, airtight charing 4 ~ 5h under 600 ~ 700 DEG C of conditions, crosses clear water rinsing 2 ~ 3 times after completing, dry for standby;

(3) mix horsehit, poultry manure and sheep excrement, spray the EM microbial inoculum diluted that adds water 10 times, pile up under air tight condition and carry out fermentation maturity in 15 ~ 20 days, add appropriate water after completing and be milled to pasty state;

(4) mix earthworm soil, potassium primary phosphate, potassium permanganate, (2) gained stalk particle and other remaining component, be added in the thickener described in (3), adjustment water content 20 ~ 25%, after stirring, spray granulating in pelletized form.