CN105119388B - The Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of wide-range current work - Google Patents
The Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of wide-range current work Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to Current Mutual Inductance to take energy technical field, is a kind of Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of wide-range current work, it includes taking energy unit, surge protection unit, voltage-adjusting unit, winding control switching circuit, energy-storage units and power channel selection circuit；Taking energy unit include can be sleeved on transmission pressure can open and close type annular core and the secondary taking energy coil of the tapped double winding of band around the home on annular core, the centre tap be located at the middle part of total winding of the secondary taking energy coil of double winding and form sub-winding.Reasonable and compact in structure of the present invention, it is easy to use, it accesses circuit when transmission line of electricity electric current is smaller by Control with the total winding of the secondary taking energy coil of double winding, and circuit is accessed with sub-winding when transmission line of electricity electric current is larger, the power supply supply of transmission line of alternation current on-Line Monitor Device is mainly used in, its is simple in construction, reliability is high, can adapt to wider dynamic current scope and possess higher take can efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Current Mutual Inductance to take energy technical field, is that a kind of Current Mutual Inductance of wide-range current work takes energy electricity
Source.
Background technology
With the development of transmission line of electricity on-line monitoring technique, solving high-pressure side monitoring device powerup issue turns into the new of research
Focus.Common power supply mode mainly have solar powered, battery powered, laser powered sensor and ultrasonic wave power supply etc., due to volume,
The problems such as cost, power output, transformation efficiency, insulation, the above method is not effectively utilized.It can be logical that Current Mutual Inductance, which takes,
After on the line be set with openable good magnetic conductor, using electromagnetic induction principle from line current caused alternation around it
Energy is intercepted and captured in magnetic field.To meet the increasingly increased loading demand of on-line monitoring device for transmission line, Current Mutual Inductance power supply mode
Possesses preferable development prospect.
Because transmission line of electricity current fluctuation scope is very big, generally at several amperes to kilo-ampere, therefore, Current Mutual Inductance takes
Energy power supply needs to solve two problems：When transmission line of electricity electric current it is larger cause to take can be superfluous when, it is necessary to take and reasonably let out
Energy mode, to ensure that power supply held stationary exports；Second, in transmission line of electricity electric current very little, possess it is higher take can efficiency, most
Minimum starting current is reduced to limits, while there is energy storage device as stand-by power supply, when taking energy insufficient, eliminates power supply work
Make dead band.
To improve the higher limit of Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply operating current, mainly pass through type voltage regulation, feedback control type at present
The heat consumption of power supply is reduced with chop control formula control circuit.Type voltage regulation is that voltage-stabiliser tube is connected on behind filter capacitor, sets it
Breakdown reverse voltage is less than filter capacitor maximum voltage, and in a high current, filter capacitor voltage raises, so as to puncture voltage stabilizing
Pipe makes capacitance voltage keep stable, and shortcoming is that voltage-stabiliser tube caloric value is larger, serious curtailment power source life.Feedback control type is to pass through
Set a voltage threshold, when filtered capacitor direct current voltage exceedes voltage threshold, made by electric voltage observation circuit and
The switching tube closure of taking energy coil secondary side, because the characteristic of the low conduction impedance of switching tube makes taking energy coil secondary side approximation short
Road, induced-current are all released by switching tube, and shortcoming is control circuit complexity, and the electric current of switching tube is excessive still to make power supply
Temperature rise is obvious.Chop control formula is that secondary side includes taking energy coil and control coil, and switch is accessed in control coil,
Directly opening with the time scale of shut-off to control the average input of power supply rectifier filter electric using semiconductor switch
Stream, realize that power supply exports burning voltage, such a mode can reach very high control accuracy under high switching frequency, but account for
Automatically adjusting for empty ratio need to be programmed to by CPU, control circuit is become more complicated, and switch high-frequency action can
Interference can be produced to taking energy coil.
Because dynamic does not change the taking energy coil number of turn with upper type, make the heat consumption of power supply all the time with bus current
Increase and increase, the lower and upper limit of current dynamic range can not be taken into account, cause Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply current margin
It is narrower.For the problem, a kind of bibliography " The Rogowski Optical Current Transformer power supply electricity for adapting to bus current wide dynamic range
Source " propose it is a kind of based on secondary transformer size of current come control electric current mutual inductor ratio, to reduce power supply heat consumption
Method, secondary transformer electric current is detected using sensor coil, and by another hysteresis comparator control relay, realize electricity
Current transformer no-load voltage ratio switches, and makes in the range of secondary transformer electric current remains at and preset, but increase control iron
Core, sensor coil and more complicated control circuit, power consumption is larger, reduces and takes energy efficiency, improves starting current lower limit.
Therefore, it can normal work, the power supply for taking energy efficiency high be transmission of electricity under wider dynamic current scope to develop one kind
Circuit on-line monitoring equipment energizes, and is the prerequisite for ensureing transmission line of electricity on-line monitoring equipment reliability service, to it in electric power
Popularization and application in system are significant.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of wide-range current work Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply, overcome above-mentioned prior art it
Deficiency, it can effectively be solved, and current margin existing for existing transmission line of electricity Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply is narrower, and taking can efficiency
The problem of relatively low and control circuit application effect is undesirable.
The technical scheme is that realized by following measures：A kind of Current Mutual Inductance of wide-range current work takes
Energy power supply, including taking energy unit, surge protection unit, voltage-adjusting unit, winding control switching circuit, energy-storage units and power supply
Channel selection circuit；Taking energy unit include can be sleeved on transmission pressure can open and close type annular core and around the home in annular
The secondary taking energy coil of the tapped double winding of band on iron core, the centre tap are located at the total of the secondary taking energy coil of double winding
The middle part of winding simultaneously forms sub-winding；Voltage-adjusting unit includes current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, overvoltage crowbar and DC/DC modules,
The input of current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is electrically connected with the output end of surge protection unit, and output end and the overvoltage of current rectifying and wave filtering circuit are protected
The input electrical connection of protection circuit, the output end of overvoltage crowbar electrically connect with the input of DC/DC modules；Winding switching control
Circuit processed includes control relay circuit and relay, the input of control relay circuit and the output end of overvoltage crowbar
Electrical connection, the output end of control relay circuit electrically connects with the input of relay, the input of relay also with double winding
Secondary taking energy coil electrical connection, and can be when transmission line of electricity electric current is smaller with total winding access circuit and in transmission line of electricity electric current
Circuit is accessed with sub-winding when larger, the output end of relay electrically connects with surge protection unit；Power channel selection circuit
Input electrically connects with the output end of voltage-adjusting unit and the output end of energy-storage units simultaneously, and allows hand over selection voltage and adjust
Whole unit or energy-storage units are powered for on-line monitoring equipment.
Here is the further optimization and/or improvements to foregoing invention technical scheme：
The centre tap of the above-mentioned secondary taking energy coil of double winding can be located at 1/3rd of winding, and can make total winding
Turn ratio with sub-winding is three to one.
Above-mentioned energy-storage units may include MPPC charging circuits and lithium battery group, and input and the overvoltage of MPPC charging circuits are protected
The output end electrical connection of protection circuit, the output end of MPPC charging circuits electrically connect with lithium battery group, and can be according to overvoltage protection
The size dynamic adjustment charging current of circuit output end DC voltage charges for lithium battery group.
Above-mentioned MPPC charging circuits may include the high voltage controller and power supply pipe that MPPT maximum power point tracking voltage is 12 volts
Manage device chip LTC4000.
The input threshold voltage of above-mentioned control relay circuit can be 52 volts, and can be more than input threshold in input voltage
The work of voltage season relay makes the secondary taking energy coil of double winding switch to sub-winding to access circuit by total winding.
Above-mentioned control relay circuit may include protective resistance, the first divider resistance, the second divider resistance, electric capacity of voltage regulation,
Three end adjustable shunt reference source TL431, optocoupler TLP521, pull-up resistor and fly-wheel diode；One end of protective resistance point
Be not connected with input power and the electrical connection of the first divider resistance, the other end of protective resistance respectively with relay and fly-wheel diode
Negative pole end electrical connection, the other end of the first divider resistance electrically connect with the second divider resistance, and the second divider resistance and voltage stabilizing are electric
Hold electrically in parallel, three end adjustable shunt reference source TL431 collector and emitter and the both ends of electric capacity of voltage regulation are electrically in parallel, optical coupler
Part TLP521 input cathode end electrically connects with three end adjustable shunt reference source TL431 base stage, optocoupler TLP521's
Input anode end electrically connects with the positive terminal and relay of fly-wheel diode, optocoupler TLP521 output end and pull-up electricity
One end electrical connection of resistance, the other end of pull-up resistor electrically connect with external power source.
Above-mentioned overvoltage crowbar may include that switching tube and threshold voltage are set to 58 volts and can made according to threshold voltage open
The overvoltage protection chip MAX6495 of pipe break-make is closed, the positive terminal of overvoltage crowbar input electrically coupled in series can have with self- recoverage
The thermistor of the positive temperature coefficient of ability, overvoltage crowbar may also include diode, input electric capacity of voltage regulation, current-limiting resistance,
Zener diode, storage capacitor, the 3rd divider resistance, the 4th divider resistance and output electric capacity of voltage regulation.
Above-mentioned DC/DC modules may include the step-down switching type integrated regulator chip that output voltage stabilization can be made at 5 volts
LT3431。
Above-mentioned power channel selection circuit may include binary channels ideal diode integrated chip LTC4413, and can be in electricity
Powered when pressing the output voltage of adjustment unit to be more than the output voltage of energy-storage units by voltage-adjusting unit for on-line monitoring equipment,
It can switch to when the output voltage of voltage-adjusting unit is less than the output voltage of energy-storage units and be powered by energy-storage units；Or/
With surge protection unit can be two-way Transient Suppression Diode, and two-way Transient Suppression Diode is electrically in parallel in relay output end
Both ends.
Above-mentioned annular core can be that cold rolling has orientation silicon steel annular core, permalloy annular core or iron based nano crystal ring
Shape iron core.
Reasonable and compact in structure of the present invention, it is easy to use, its by Control when transmission line of electricity electric current is smaller with
The total winding access circuit of the secondary taking energy coil of double winding, and circuit is accessed with sub-winding when transmission line of electricity electric current is larger, mainly
Power supply applied to transmission line of alternation current on-Line Monitor Device supplies, and its is simple in construction, reliability is high, can adapt to wider move
State current range and possess higher take can efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of preferred embodiment.
Accompanying drawing 2 is winding control switching circuit figure.
Accompanying drawing 3 is overvoltage crowbar figure.
Accompanying drawing 4 is DC/DC module circuit diagrams.
Accompanying drawing 5 is MPPC charging circuit diagrams.
Accompanying drawing 6 is power channel selection circuit figure.
Accompanying drawing 7 is current rectifying and wave filtering circuit output voltage with transmission line of electricity curent change curve map.
Coding in accompanying drawing is respectively：1 is taking energy unit, and 2 be surge protection unit, and 3 be voltage-adjusting unit, and 301 are
Current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, 302 be overvoltage crowbar, and 303 be DC/DC modules, and 4 be winding control switching circuit, and 401 be relay
Control circuit, 402 be relay, and 5 be energy-storage units, and 501 be MPPC charging circuits, and 502 be lithium battery group, and 6 be power channel
Selection circuit, 7 be on-line monitoring equipment, and R1 is protective resistance, and R2 is the first divider resistance, and R3 is the second divider resistance, and C1 is
Electric capacity of voltage regulation, TL431 are three end adjustable shunt reference sources, and TLP521 is optocoupler, and R4 is pull-up resistor, and D1 is the pole of afterflow two
Pipe, Vin are input power, and VCC is external power source, and Q1 is switching tube, and F1 is thermistor, and D2 is diode, and C2 is steady for input
Voltage capacitance, R5 are current-limiting resistance, and D3 is Zener diode, and C3 is storage capacitor, and R6 is the 3rd divider resistance, and R7 is the 4th partial pressure
Resistance, C4 are output electric capacity of voltage regulation, and LTC4000 is high voltage controller and power supervisor chip, and MAX6495 is overvoltage protection
Chip, LT3431 are step-down switching type integrated regulator chip, and LTC4413 is binary channels ideal diode integrated chip.
Embodiment
The present invention is not limited by following embodiments, can technique according to the invention scheme and actual conditions it is specific to determine
Embodiment.
With reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described：
As shown in Figure 1, the Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of wide-range current work includes taking energy unit 1, surge protection
Unit 2, voltage-adjusting unit 3, winding control switching circuit 4, energy-storage units 5 and power channel selection circuit 6；Taking energy unit 1
Including can be sleeved on transmission pressure can open and close type annular core and band around the home on annular core it is tapped
The secondary taking energy coil of double winding, the centre tap be located at the middle part of total winding of the secondary taking energy coil of double winding and formed point around
Group；Voltage-adjusting unit 3 includes current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 301, overvoltage crowbar 302 and DC/DC modules 303, rectifying and wave-filtering electricity
The input on road 301 electrically connects with the output end of surge protection unit 2, the output end and overvoltage protection of current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 301
The input electrical connection of circuit 302, the output end of overvoltage crowbar 302 electrically connect with the input of DC/DC modules 303；Around
Group control switching circuit 4 includes control relay circuit 401 and relay 402, the input and mistake of control relay circuit 401
The output end electrical connection of voltage protection circuit 302, the output end and the input of relay 402 of control relay circuit 401 are electrically connected
Connect, the input of relay 402 also electrically connects with the secondary taking energy coil of double winding, and can when transmission line of electricity electric current is smaller with
Total winding accesses circuit and accesses circuit, the output end of relay 402 and impact when transmission line of electricity electric current is larger with sub-winding
Protection location 2 electrically connects；The input of power channel selection circuit 6 while output end and energy storage list with voltage-adjusting unit 3
The output end electrical connection of member 5, and allow hand over and select voltage-adjusting unit 3 or energy-storage units 5 to be powered for on-line monitoring equipment 7.
Present invention is mainly applied to the supply of the power supply of transmission line of alternation current on-Line Monitor Device, its is simple in construction, reliability is high, Neng Goushi
Dynamic current scope that should be wider and possess higher take can efficiency.During work, by taking energy unit 1 can open and close type annular iron
Core retainer plate is on transmission pressure, and according to electromagnetic induction principle, the secondary taking energy coil of double winding on annular core around the home produces
Alternating current impression electromotive force, subsequent conditioning circuit can be protected by surge protection unit 2；The input of voltage-adjusting unit 3 and impact
Protection location 2 is connected, and its output end is connected with power channel selection circuit 6, by the AC electromotive force of the inductive output of taking energy unit 1
DC voltage is converted to, is further adjusted to the DC voltage needed for on-line monitoring equipment 7；Winding control switching circuit 4
Input is connected with voltage-adjusting unit 3, and its output end is connected with taking energy unit 1, can export energy according to taking energy unit 1
The number of turn of the secondary taking energy coil access circuit of size switching double winding；The input of energy-storage units 5 connects with voltage-adjusting unit 3
Connect, its output end is connected with power channel selection circuit 6, is online prison when taking energy unit 1 takes energy insufficient as stand-by power supply
Measurement equipment 7 is powered；The input of power channel selection circuit 6 is connected in parallel with voltage-adjusting unit 3 and energy-storage units 5, is used for
Selection voltage-adjusting unit 3 or the one of energy-storage units 5 are powered for on-line monitoring equipment 7.Using with tapped double winding two
Secondary taking energy coil, energy is taken using total winding when transmission line of electricity electric current is smaller, sub-winding is used when transmission line of electricity electric current is larger
Energy is taken, total score umber of turn difference can be very big, and can steadily switch, therefore can adapt to wider move by changing the number of turn
State current range；Current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 301 is preferably with bridge rectifier filter circuit, by the secondary taking energy coil sensing of double winding
Ac voltage rectifier, when overvoltage crowbar 302 detects that its input voltage is more than setting value, disconnects follow-up into DC voltage
Circuit, for protecting subsequent conditioning circuit from the destruction of transient overvoltage；DC/DC modules 303 use voltage-dropping type voltage conversion device,
DC voltage is adjusted to the DC voltage needed for on-line monitoring equipment 7.
Can according to being actually needed, the Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of above-mentioned wide-range current work is made further optimization or/
And improvement：
As shown in Figure 1, the centre tap of the secondary taking energy coil of double winding is located at 1/3rd of winding, and can make
Total winding and the turn ratio of sub-winding are three to one.For example, the load power consumption of on-line monitoring equipment 7 is 2.2 watts, double winding is secondary
Total umber of turn of taking energy coil is 42 circles, and the sub-winding number of turn is 14 circles, and the secondary taking energy coil of double winding is preferably with diameter 0.3
The copper enameled wire of millimeter.
As shown in Figure 1, energy-storage units 5 include MPPC charging circuits 501 and lithium battery group 502, MPPC charging circuits 501
Input electrically connected with the output end of overvoltage crowbar 302, the output ends of MPPC charging circuits 501 and lithium battery group 502
Electrical connection, and it is lithium battery that can adjust charging current according to the size dynamic of the output end DC voltage of overvoltage crowbar 302
The charging of group 502.
As shown in Figure 5, MPPC charging circuits 501 include the high voltage controller that MPPT maximum power point tracking voltage is 12 volts
With power supervisor chip LTC4000.Lithium battery group charging circuit to solve traditional can not take energy line according to double winding is secondary
The problem of enclosing the size dynamic adjustment lithium cell charging electric current of power output, in the present embodiment, from possessing MPPC functions
Dual pressure controller and power supervisor LTC4000 chips, can work in 3 volts to 60 volts of input and output voltage range,
The device can provide accurate input current monitoring and charging current monitoring and regulation, set MPPT maximum power point tracking voltage
For 12 volts, input voltage regulation loop can control charging current according to the relation of MPPT maximum power point tracking voltage and current, to protect
Input voltage is held in set value.The charging circuit of lithium battery group 502 creatively uses MPPC charging methods.Traditional
Lithium battery group charging method is to use DC/DC modules 303 simultaneously as load supplying and the mode of lithium battery group charging, it may appear that when
When transmission line of electricity electric current is smaller, because lithium battery group charging causes the output voltage deficiency of DC/DC modules 303 can not be that load supplies
Electricity；Improvement project is one controlling switch of increase, is charged when transmission line of electricity electric current is higher for lithium battery group, causes appearance charging dead
Area；In contrast to this, the MPPC charging methods that the present invention uses can export the size of energy according to the secondary taking energy coil of double winding,
Charging current is real-time dynamicly adjusted, solves problem above, improves energy conversion efficiency, can effectively reduce minimum
Starting current, in addition, when secondary coil takes energy energy surplus, charging current can be increased, have the function that energy is released.
As shown in Figure 1, the input threshold voltage of control relay circuit 401 is 52 volts, and can be big in input voltage
The secondary taking energy coil of double winding is set to switch to sub-winding access electricity by total winding in the work of input threshold voltage season relay 402
Road.
As shown in Figure 2, control relay circuit 401 includes protective resistance R1, the first divider resistance R2, the second partial pressure electricity
Hinder R3, electric capacity of voltage regulation C1, three end adjustable shunt reference source TL431, optocoupler TLP521, pull-up resistor R4 and fly-wheel diode
D1；Protective resistance R1 one end is connected respectively with input power Vin and the first divider resistance R2 electrical connections, and protective resistance R1's is another
Negative pole end of the one end respectively with relay 402 and sustained diode 1 electrically connects, the first divider resistance R2 other end and second
Divider resistance R3 is electrically connected, and the second divider resistance R3 and electric capacity of voltage regulation C1 are electrically in parallel, three end adjustable shunt reference source TL431 collection
The both ends of electrode and emitter stage and electric capacity of voltage regulation C1 are electrically in parallel, optocoupler TLP521 input cathode end and adjustable point of three ends
Flow a reference source TL431 base stage electrical connection, optocoupler TLP521 input anode end and the positive terminal of sustained diode 1
Electrically connected with relay 402, optocoupler TLP521 output end electrically connects with pull-up resistor R4 one end, pull-up resistor R4's
The other end electrically connects with external power source VCC.Input voltage vin is through the first divider resistance R2, the second divider resistance R3 partial pressures, and second
Divider resistance R3 is adjustable resistance, and for obtaining reference voltage, electric capacity of voltage regulation C1 filters out the AC compounent in DC voltage,
Protective resistance R1 is used for protective relay 402, prevents that the electric current for flowing through relay 402 is excessive, and pull-up resistor R4 is by optocoupler
TLP521 voltages are pulled to external power source VCC.The operation principle of the circuit is：When the three same phases of end adjustable shunt reference source TL431
When input voltage is more than 2.5 volts, three end adjustable shunt reference source TL431 are breakdown, and triode has electric current and passes through optocoupler
TLP521 is turned on, and driving relay 402 acts, and sustained diode 1 is used for the back-emf for absorbing the coil of relay 402, when same phase
When input voltage is less than 2.5 volts, triode is in cut-off state, optocoupler TLP521 cut-offs, and relay 402 is failure to actuate.By
Determined by the secondary taking energy coil of double winding in input voltage vin, therefore regulation resistance intrinsic standoff ratio can control relay 402
Cut-off, when input voltage vin is more than 52 volts, carry out the winding switching of the secondary taking energy coil of double winding；Using detection double winding
The voltage of DC voltage of the secondary taking energy coil after rectifying and wave-filtering, double winding is secondary takes energy line for the switching of control relay 402
The access winding of circle, compared with realizing the switching of winding no-load voltage ratio using sensor coil detection secondary transformer electric current, voltage inspection
Survey method is sensitiveer compared with electric current testing, and relay switching reliability is higher, and circuit response speed faster, and eliminates control
Iron core and sensor coil link, circuit structure is relatively simple, and power attenuation is relatively low, effectively reduces power consumption during voltage conversion,
Improve and take energy efficiency, create a further reduction the minimum starting current of Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply.
As shown in Figure 3, overvoltage crowbar 302 is set to 58 volts including switching tube Q1 and threshold voltage and can be according to door
Sill voltage makes the overvoltage protection chip MAX6495 of switching tube Q1 break-makes, and the positive terminal of the input of overvoltage crowbar 302 is electrically coupled in series
There is the thermistor F1 of the positive temperature coefficient with automatic recovery ability, overvoltage crowbar 302 also includes diode D2, input surely
Voltage capacitance C2, current-limiting resistance R5, Zener diode D3, storage capacitor C3, the 3rd divider resistance R6, the 4th divider resistance R7 and defeated
Go out electric capacity of voltage regulation C4.Switching tube Q1 is preferably n-channel MOSFET switch pipe, when the output voltage of DC/DC modules 303 exceedes threshold electricity
During pressure, overvoltage protection chip MAX6495 can on-off switching tube Q1, subsequent conditioning circuit and DC/DC modules 303 are disconnected；When flowing through
When electric current in circuit is larger, thermistor F1 resistance value increases with the rise of temperature, absorbs surge current；Energy storage electricity
Hold the ceramic condenser that C3 preferably selects at least 1 microfarad, energy is provided for the work of overvoltage protection chip MAX6495 internal circuits, the
Three divider resistance R6, the 4th divider resistance R7 are used to set threshold voltage, and threshold voltage is 58 volts, according to the big short metre for poems that contains relatively few syllables of threshold voltage
Switching tube Q1 break-make, when voltage exceedes threshold voltage, drag down switching tube Q1 grid, switching tube Q1 shut-offs, will load with
Input power disconnects；In the input series thermal-sensitive resistance F1 of circuit, circuit is set to possess overcurrent protection function, enhancing circuit work
Reliability, current-limiting resistance R5, Zener diode D3 be used to clamp input voltage, the maximum input electricity of increasing circuit
Pressure, reaches as high as 72 volts.
As shown in Figure 4, DC/DC modules 303 include output voltage stabilization can be made integrated steady in 5 volts of step-down switching type
Depressor chip LT3431.To adapt to the transmission line of electricity electric current compared with wide dynamic range, in the present embodiment, DC/DC modules 303 are selected
The step-down switching type integrated regulator chip LT3431 of wide-voltage range input, the direct current that overvoltage crowbar 302 is exported
Pressure is converted to 5 volts of DC voltages needed for on-line monitoring equipment 7, and its input voltage reaches as high as 60 volts, maximum output current 3
Peace, peripheral components are simple, efficiency high, disclosure satisfy that power demand of the bearing power within 15 watts.
As shown in Figure 6, power channel selection circuit 6 includes binary channels ideal diode integrated chip LTC4413, and energy
By voltage-adjusting unit 3 it is on-line monitoring when enough output voltages in voltage-adjusting unit 3 are more than the output voltage of energy-storage units 5
Equipment 7 is powered, and can be switched to when the output voltage of voltage-adjusting unit 3 is less than the output voltage of energy-storage units 5 by energy storage
Unit 5 is powered.By voltage-adjusting unit 3 it is online when the output voltage of voltage-adjusting unit 3 is more than 5 output voltage of energy-storage units
Monitoring device 7 is powered, and is otherwise that on-line monitoring equipment 7 is powered by energy-storage units 5.In the present embodiment, power channel selection electricity
Road 6 is from binary channels ideal diode integrated chip LTC4413, Vin4 external power input and DC/DC modular circuits Vout2
Electrical connection, when the secondary taking energy coil output energy abundance of double winding, the output voltage of DC/DC modules 303 is 5 volts, and lithium is electric
The voltage of pond group 502 is up to 4.2 volts, due to DC/DC modules 303 output voltage be higher than lithium battery group 502 voltage, then by
It powers for on-line monitoring equipment；When the secondary taking energy coil output energy deficiency of double winding, the output electricity of DC/DC modules 303
Pressure is almost 0 volt, is then online by it because the voltage of lithium battery group 502 is higher than the output voltage of DC/DC modules 303 now
Monitoring device 7 is powered.Binary channels ideal diode integrated chip LTC4413 STAT pin output signals SIG generally with online
The microprocessor connection of monitoring device 7, for monitoring power supply switching state, indicates power channel.
As shown in Figure 1, surge protection unit 2 is two-way Transient Suppression Diode, and two-way Transient Suppression Diode electricity is simultaneously
It is associated in the both ends of the output end of relay 402.When overvoltage occurs in AC electromotive force, two-way Transient Suppression Diode is by the two poles of the earth
High impedance is changed into Low ESR, absorbs surge power, the voltage clamp of two interpolars is prevented in a predetermined value by excessive wink
When voltage damages or interference breakdown, protect subsequent conditioning circuit.
According to being actually needed, annular core is that cold rolling has orientation silicon steel annular core, permalloy annular core or iron-based
Nanocrystalline annular core.Convenient for ease of the installation, dismounting and coiling of transmission pressure, the cutting of annular core is preferably with semicircle
The mode of symmetrical wire cutting, energy efficiency is taken to improve, reduces minimum starting current, the material of annular core is preferably with mono-oriented
Cold-rolled orientation silicon steel material, according to being actually needed, preferably scribble antirust oil in the opening of annular core, annular core it is interior straight
Footpath is preferably 50 millimeters, and the overall diameter of annular core is 80 millimeters, and the height of annular core is 120 millimeters.
By test, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit output voltage can be with transmission line of electricity curent change, as shown in Figure 7, electric current
Mutual inductance draw-out power supply transmission line of electricity electric current is 14 ampere-hours, and current rectifying and wave filtering circuit output voltage is 7.15 volts, now MPPC chargings electricity
Road 501 does not work, and the output voltage of DC/DC modules 303 is 5 volts, disclosure satisfy that the power requirement of on-line monitoring equipment.
Pass through test, the pass of transmission line of electricity electric current of the invention and current rectifying and wave filtering circuit output voltage and relay status
System, it the results are shown in Table 1.
As it can be seen from table 1 for the load that power is 2.2 watts, Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply can be made using the present invention
Minimum starting current be reduced to 14 peaces, when transmission line of electricity electric current is that 108 ampere-hour current rectifying and wave filtering circuit output voltages are 52.8 volts
Meeting winding control switching circuit relay switching condition, the winding of the secondary taking energy coil of double winding switches to the circle of sub-winding 14,
When transmission line of electricity electric current rises to 320 ampere-hours, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit output voltage is 22.5 volts, and now iron core has begun to saturation,
With the rise of electric current, the rising of current rectifying and wave filtering circuit output voltage is slower, and both are non-linear relation；When transmission line of electricity electric current liter
To 1000 ampere-hours, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit output voltage is 52.2 volts, because the threshold voltage arranges value of overvoltage crowbar is 58
Volt, so now overvoltage crowbar is still not operating, then the upper limit of source current scope work is higher than 1000 peaces.
Therefore, the present invention can in the case where transmission line of electricity current range 14 is pacified to 1000 peaces normal work, substantially met big
The power supply requirement of most on-line monitoring equipments, for the special occasions for needing to work under wider range current range, reduce minimum and open
Streaming current can increase core volume, and sub-winding group number can be increased by improving the upper limit, be switched for example with three winding, but increase simultaneously
The complexity of control circuit is added.
Above technical characteristic constitutes highly preferred embodiment of the present invention, and there is stronger adaptability and optimal implementation to imitate for it
Fruit, can be according to the non-essential technical characteristic of increase and decrease be actually needed, to meet the needs of different situations.
Table 1
Claims (24)
1. a kind of Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of wide-range current work, it is characterised in that including taking energy unit, surge protection list
Member, voltage-adjusting unit, winding control switching circuit, energy-storage units and power channel selection circuit；Taking energy unit includes can
Be sleeved on transmission pressure can open and close type annular core and the tapped double winding two of band around the home on annular core
Secondary taking energy coil, the centre tap are located at the middle part of total winding of the secondary taking energy coil of double winding and form sub-winding；Voltage
Adjustment unit includes current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, overvoltage crowbar and DC/DC modules, and input and the impact of current rectifying and wave filtering circuit are protected
The output end electrical connection of unit is protected, the output end of current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is electrically connected with the input of overvoltage crowbar, and overvoltage is protected
The output end of protection circuit electrically connects with the input of DC/DC modules；Winding control switching circuit include control relay circuit and
Relay, the input of control relay circuit electrically connect with the output end of overvoltage crowbar, control relay circuit it is defeated
Go out end to electrically connect with the input of relay, the input of relay also electrically connects with the secondary taking energy coil of double winding, and can
When transmission line of electricity electric current is smaller so that total winding accesses circuit and accesses circuit when transmission line of electricity electric current is larger with sub-winding, after
The output end of electrical equipment electrically connects with surge protection unit；The input of power channel selection circuit simultaneously with voltage-adjusting unit
Output end and the electrical connection of the output end of energy-storage units, and selection voltage-adjusting unit or energy-storage units are allowed hand over as on-line monitoring
Equipment is powered；The control relay circuit includes protective resistance, the first divider resistance, the second divider resistance, electric capacity of voltage regulation, three
Hold adjustable shunt reference source TL431, optocoupler TLP521, pull-up resistor and fly-wheel diode, one end difference of protective resistance
Be connected with input power and the electrical connection of the first divider resistance, the other end of protective resistance respectively with relay and fly-wheel diode
Negative pole end electrically connects, and the other end of the first divider resistance electrically connects with the second divider resistance, the second divider resistance and electric capacity of voltage regulation
Electrically in parallel, three end adjustable shunt reference source TL431 collector and emitter and the both ends of electric capacity of voltage regulation are electrically in parallel, optocoupler
TLP521 input cathode end electrically connects with three end adjustable shunt reference source TL431 base stage, and optocoupler TLP521's is defeated
Enter to rectify and extremely electrically connected with the positive terminal and relay of fly-wheel diode, optocoupler TLP521 output end and pull-up resistor
One end electrical connection, the other end of pull-up resistor electrically connects with external power source.
2. the Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of wide-range current work according to claim 1, it is characterised in that double winding two
The centre tap of secondary taking energy coil is located at 1/3rd of winding, and total winding and the turn ratio of sub-winding can be made to be three ratios
One.
3. the Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of wide-range current work according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that energy storage list
Member includes MPPC charging circuits and lithium battery group, and the input of MPPC charging circuits and the output end of overvoltage crowbar are electrically connected
Connect, the output end of MPPC charging circuits electrically connects with lithium battery group, and can be according to overvoltage crowbar output end DC voltage
Size dynamic adjustment charging current be lithium battery group charging.
4. the Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of wide-range current work according to claim 3, it is characterised in that MPPC charges
Circuit includes the high voltage controller and power supervisor chip LTC4000 that MPPT maximum power point tracking voltage is 12 volts.
5. the Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of the wide-range current work according to claim 1 or 2 or 4, it is characterised in that after
The input threshold voltage of electrical apparatus control circuit is 52 volts, and can be more than input threshold voltage season relay work in input voltage
Work makes the secondary taking energy coil of double winding switch to sub-winding to access circuit by total winding.
6. the Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of wide-range current work according to claim 3, it is characterised in that relay control
The input threshold voltage of circuit processed is 52 volts, and can input voltage be more than the work of input threshold voltage season relay make it is double
The secondary taking energy coil of winding switches to sub-winding to access circuit by total winding.
7. the Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of the wide-range current work according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 6, it is characterised in that
Overvoltage crowbar includes switching tube and threshold voltage is set to 58 volts and the overvoltage of switching tube break-make can be made according to threshold voltage
Chip MAX6495 is protected, the positive terminal of overvoltage crowbar input is electrically coupled in series the positive temperature coefficient with automatic recovery ability
Thermistor, overvoltage crowbar also include diode, input electric capacity of voltage regulation, current-limiting resistance, Zener diode, energy storage electricity
Appearance, the 3rd divider resistance, the 4th divider resistance and output electric capacity of voltage regulation.
8. the Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of wide-range current work according to claim 3, it is characterised in that overvoltage protection
Circuit includes switching tube and threshold voltage is set to 58 volts and the overvoltage protection chip of switching tube break-make can be made according to threshold voltage
MAX6495, the electrically coupled in series temperature-sensitive electricity for having the positive temperature coefficient with automatic recovery ability of the positive terminal of overvoltage crowbar input
Resistance, overvoltage crowbar also include diode, input electric capacity of voltage regulation, current-limiting resistance, Zener diode, storage capacitor, the 3rd point
Piezoresistance, the 4th divider resistance and output electric capacity of voltage regulation.
9. the Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of wide-range current work according to claim 5, it is characterised in that overvoltage protection
Circuit includes switching tube and threshold voltage is set to 58 volts and the overvoltage protection chip of switching tube break-make can be made according to threshold voltage
MAX6495, the electrically coupled in series temperature-sensitive electricity for having the positive temperature coefficient with automatic recovery ability of the positive terminal of overvoltage crowbar input
Resistance, overvoltage crowbar also include diode, input electric capacity of voltage regulation, current-limiting resistance, Zener diode, storage capacitor, the 3rd point
Piezoresistance, the 4th divider resistance and output electric capacity of voltage regulation.
10. the Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of the wide-range current work according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 6 or 8 or 9, its
It is characterised by that DC/DC modules include that step-down switching type integrated regulator chip LT3431 of the output voltage stabilization at 5 volts can be made.
11. the Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of wide-range current work according to claim 3, it is characterised in that DC/DC moulds
Block includes that step-down switching type integrated regulator chip LT3431 of the output voltage stabilization at 5 volts can be made.
12. the Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of wide-range current work according to claim 5, it is characterised in that DC/DC moulds
Block includes that step-down switching type integrated regulator chip LT3431 of the output voltage stabilization at 5 volts can be made.
13. the Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of wide-range current work according to claim 7, it is characterised in that DC/DC moulds
Block includes that step-down switching type integrated regulator chip LT3431 of the output voltage stabilization at 5 volts can be made.
14. the Current Mutual Inductance of the wide-range current work according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 6 or 8 or 9 or 11 or 12 or 13
Draw-out power supply, it is characterised in that power channel selection circuit includes binary channels ideal diode integrated chip LTC4413, and can
By voltage-adjusting unit it is on-line monitoring equipment when the output voltage of voltage-adjusting unit is more than the output voltage of energy-storage units
Power supply, it can switch to when the output voltage of voltage-adjusting unit is less than the output voltage of energy-storage units and be supplied by energy-storage units
Electricity；Or/and surge protection unit is two-way Transient Suppression Diode, two-way Transient Suppression Diode is electrically in parallel defeated in relay
Go out the both ends at end.
15. the Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of wide-range current work according to claim 3, it is characterised in that power channel
Selection circuit includes binary channels ideal diode integrated chip LTC4413, and can voltage-adjusting unit output voltage it is big
Powered when the output voltage of energy-storage units by voltage-adjusting unit for on-line monitoring equipment, can be in the defeated of voltage-adjusting unit
Go out to switch to when voltage is less than the output voltage of energy-storage units and powered by energy-storage units；Or/and surge protection unit is two-way wink
State suppresses diode, and two-way Transient Suppression Diode is electrically in parallel at the both ends of relay output end.
16. the Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of wide-range current work according to claim 5, it is characterised in that power channel
Selection circuit includes binary channels ideal diode integrated chip LTC4413, and can voltage-adjusting unit output voltage it is big
Powered when the output voltage of energy-storage units by voltage-adjusting unit for on-line monitoring equipment, can be in the defeated of voltage-adjusting unit
Go out to switch to when voltage is less than the output voltage of energy-storage units and powered by energy-storage units；Or/and surge protection unit is two-way wink
State suppresses diode, and two-way Transient Suppression Diode is electrically in parallel at the both ends of relay output end.
17. the Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of wide-range current work according to claim 7, it is characterised in that power channel
Selection circuit includes binary channels ideal diode integrated chip LTC4413, and can voltage-adjusting unit output voltage it is big
Powered when the output voltage of energy-storage units by voltage-adjusting unit for on-line monitoring equipment, can be in the defeated of voltage-adjusting unit
Go out to switch to when voltage is less than the output voltage of energy-storage units and powered by energy-storage units；Or/and surge protection unit is two-way wink
State suppresses diode, and two-way Transient Suppression Diode is electrically in parallel at the both ends of relay output end.
18. the Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of wide-range current work according to claim 10, it is characterised in that power supply leads to
Road selection circuit includes binary channels ideal diode integrated chip LTC4413, and can be in the output voltage of voltage-adjusting unit
More than energy-storage units output voltage when by voltage-adjusting unit be on-line monitoring equipment power, can be in voltage-adjusting unit
Output voltage is switched to when being less than the output voltage of energy-storage units and powered by energy-storage units；Or/and surge protection unit is two-way
Transient Suppression Diode, two-way Transient Suppression Diode are electrically in parallel at the both ends of relay output end.
19. the wide electric current model according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 6 or 8 or 9 or 11 or 12 or 13 or 15 or 16 or 17 or 18
Enclose the Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of work, it is characterised in that annular core is that cold rolling has orientation silicon steel annular core, permalloy
Annular core or iron based nano crystal annular core.
20. the Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of wide-range current work according to claim 3, it is characterised in that annular core
There are orientation silicon steel annular core, permalloy annular core or iron based nano crystal annular core for cold rolling.
21. the Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of wide-range current work according to claim 5, it is characterised in that annular core
There are orientation silicon steel annular core, permalloy annular core or iron based nano crystal annular core for cold rolling.
22. the Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of wide-range current work according to claim 7, it is characterised in that annular core
There are orientation silicon steel annular core, permalloy annular core or iron based nano crystal annular core for cold rolling.
23. the Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of wide-range current work according to claim 10, it is characterised in that annular iron
Core is that cold rolling has orientation silicon steel annular core, permalloy annular core or iron based nano crystal annular core.
24. the Current Mutual Inductance draw-out power supply of wide-range current work according to claim 14, it is characterised in that annular iron
Core is that cold rolling has orientation silicon steel annular core, permalloy annular core or iron based nano crystal annular core.
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